WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort ascending	SearchLink
Electronic cigarette use among adult population: a cross-sectional study in Barcelona, Spain (2013-2014)	2014	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, B	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ open Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Open Pub Date Free Form 25-Aug Volume 4 Issue 8 Start Page e005894 Other Pages 2014-005894 Notes LR: 20160603; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 101552874; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC4 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2044-6055; 2044-6055 Accession Number PMID: 25157186 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005894 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25157186 Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to analyse the prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, purchase location and satisfaction with its use in a sample of the general population of the city of Barcelona, Spain. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We used participants from a longitudinal study of a representative sample of the adult (>/=16 years old) population of Barcelona (336 men and 400 women). The field work was conducted between May 2013 and February 2014. We computed the prevalence, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: The prevalence of ever e-cigarette use was 6.5% (95% CI 4.7% to 8.3%): 1.6% current use, 2.2% past use and 2.7% only e-cigarette experimentation. 75% (95% CI 62.8% to 87.3%) of ever e-cigarette users were current cigarette smokers at the moment of the interview. E-cigarette use was more likely among current smokers (OR=54.57; 95% CI 7.33 to 406.38) and highly dependent cigarette smokers (OR=3.96; 95% CI 1.60 to 9.82). 62.5% of the ever users charged their e-cigarettes with nicotine with 70% of them obtaining the liquids with nicotine in a specialised shop. 39.6% of ever e-cigarette users were not satisfied with their use, a similar percentage of not satisfied expressing the smokers (38.9%) and there were no statistically significant differences in the satisfaction between the users of e-cigarettes with and without nicotine. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette use is strongly associated with current smoking (dual use) and most users continue to be addicted to nicotine. Six out of 10 e-cigarette users preferred devices that deliver nicotine. The satisfaction with e-cigarette use is very low. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Ballbe,M., Fu,M., Martin-Sanchez,J.C., Salto,E., Gottlieb,M., Daynard,R., Connolly,G.N., Fernandez,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140825 PMCID PMC4156815 Editors
Secondhand smoke exposure at home: assessment by biomarkers and airborne markers	2014	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 199-203 Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bel	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental research Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Res. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 133 Issue Start Page 111 Other Pages 116 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0147621; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); J64922108F (Benzene); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/03/22 [received]; 2014/05/05 [revised]; 2014/05/07 [accepted]; 2014/06/0 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0953; 0013-9351 Accession Number PMID: 24912142 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Observational Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.013 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24912142 Abstract OBJECTIVE: We assessed and characterized the relationship among biomarkers of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in non-smokers according to their exposure at home as measured by airborne markers. METHODS: We conducted an observational study on exposure to SHS at home using airborne markers (nicotine and benzene) and biomarkers from the non-smokers living in these homes. We selected 49 non-smoking volunteers from different homes: 25 non-smokers living with at least one smoker and 24 non-smokers living in smoke-free homes. We installed two passive devices to measure nicotine and benzene concentrations in the main room of the house (i.e., the living room). One week later, the researcher returned to the volunteer's home to collect the two devices, obtain saliva and urine samples, and administer a SHS questionnaire. RESULTS: Salivary and urinary cotinine concentrations highly correlated with air nicotine concentrations measured at the volunteers'homes (rsp=0.738 and rsp=0.679, respectively). The concentrations of airborne markers of SHS and biomarkers in non-smokers increased with increasing self-reported intensity and duration of SHS exposure at home during the previous week (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Sureda,X., Fu,M., Perez-Ortuno,R., Ballbe,M., Lopez,M.J., Salto,E., Pascual,J.A., Fernandez,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140607 PMCID Editors
Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure in open and semi-open settings: a systematic review	2013	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Programme, Institut Catala d'Oncologia-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental health perspectives Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Health Perspect. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 121 Issue 7 Start Page 766 Other Pages 773 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0330411; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jul;121(7):A229. PMID: 23816971; OID: NLM: PMC3701994; 2012/07/23 [received]; 2013/05/01 [accepted]; 20 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1552-9924; 0091-6765 Accession Number PMID: 23651671 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1289/ehp.1205806 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23651671 Abstract BACKGROUND: Some countries have recently extended smoke-free policies to particular outdoor settings; however, there is controversy regarding whether this is scientifically and ethically justifiable. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to review research on secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in outdoor settings. DATA SOURCES: We conducted different searches in PubMed for the period prior to September 2012. We checked the references of the identified papers, and conducted a similar search in Google Scholar. STUDY SELECTION: Our search terms included combinations of "secondhand smoke," "environmental tobacco smoke," "passive smoking" OR "tobacco smoke pollution" AND "outdoors" AND "PM" (particulate matter), "PM(2.5)" (PM with diameter = 2.5 microm), "respirable suspended particles," "particulate matter," "nicotine," "CO" (carbon monoxide), "cotinine," "marker," "biomarker" OR "airborne marker." In total, 18 articles and reports met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Almost all studies used PM(2.5) concentration as an SHS marker. Mean PM(2.5) concentrations reported for outdoor smoking areas when smokers were present ranged from 8.32 to 124 microg/m(3) at hospitality venues, and 4.60 to 17.80 microg/m(3) at other locations. Mean PM(2.5) concentrations in smoke-free indoor settings near outdoor smoking areas ranged from 4 to 120.51 microg/m(3). SHS levels increased when smokers were present, and outdoor and indoor SHS levels were related. Most studies reported a positive association between SHS measures and smoker density, enclosure of outdoor locations, wind conditions, and proximity to smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence indicates high SHS levels at some outdoor smoking areas and at adjacent smoke-free indoor areas. Further research and standardization of methodology is needed to determine whether smoke-free legislation should be extended to outdoor settings. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sureda,X., Fernandez,E., Lopez,M.J., Nebot,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130507 PMCID PMC3701994 Editors
Judgments, awareness, and the use of snus among adults in the United States	2014	Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD; kaufmana@mail.nih.gov.; U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Tobacco R	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 10 Start Page 1404 Other Pages 1408 Notes LR: 20151001; CI: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2014; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4168296; 2014/08/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25098672 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu116 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25098672 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Alternative tobacco products, such as snus, are emerging in the U.S. market. Understanding correlates of awareness and use, particularly judgments about harm and addictiveness, can inform public health communications about these products. METHODS: Data were collected from a web panel representative of the U.S. population in March 2013 (N = 2,067). The survey assessed awareness and use of snus among adults. Absolute and comparative snus judgments, intentions, smoking status, and sociodemographic variables were measured. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between these variables and snus awareness and use. RESULTS: Nearly 36% of the population was aware of snus, and 5.2% reported ever using snus. Current cigarette smokers were about 4 times more likely as nonsmokers to report snus awareness and use. Sociodemographic correlates of snus awareness and use included being male, employed full time, and younger. Compared with respondents who perceived snus to be as harmful and as addictive as cigarettes, those who perceived snus to be less harmful and less addictive than cigarettes were more likely to have used snus. CONCLUSIONS: Current smokers are more likely to be aware of and have used snus. Multiple tobacco product use poses a significant challenge for public health efforts to reduce tobacco-associated morbidity and mortality. Perceptions that snus is less harmful and less addictive compared with cigarettes are associated with snus use. These judgments can inform public health communications about emerging tobacco products and multiple product use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US Data Source Authors Kaufman,A.R., Mays,D., Koblitz,A.R., Portnoy,D.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140806 PMCID PMC4168296 Editors
Study on the status of cigarette smoking in youths from three cities of China	2012	Tobacco Control Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. xiaolinst@yhaoo.com.cn	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi Periodical, Abbrev. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 33 Issue 7 Start Page 676 Other Pages 680 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8208604; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 0254-6450; 0254-6450 Accession Number PMID: 22968015 Language chi SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22968015 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To understand the smoking status and related factors in middle school students from Hangzhou, Taiyuan and Guiyang cites. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was adopted with 11 171 students randomly selected through a stratified cluster sampling method. A self-administrated questionnaire survey was employed, which including the information of respondents' background characteristics, cigarette smoking, exposure to tobacco advertisement, recognition on indirect tobacco advertisement, exposure to second-hand smoke, related knowledge, attitude and perceptions towards tobacco use etc. Data was weighted by the amount of male and female students in junior high, senior high and vocational middle schools in the above said three cities and was analyzed by complex sampling analysis methods of SPSS 15.0. Confidence Intervals of each indicator were used to evaluate for difference between groups. Logistic regression was used to explore the potential factors associated with smoking in youths. RESULTS: The overall attempted smoking rate of the three cities was 26.2% (95%CI: 23.6 - 29.1), with male as 39.9% and female 12.5% respectively. The current smoking rate was 12.5% (95%CI: 11.1 - 14.2) with boys as 21.9% and girls as 3.2%. The smoking rate were different among three kinds of schools, with vocational school was the highest (25.8%), followed by senior high (7.9%) and junior high (6.3%). The rate of smoking was different among cities, lower with better economic situation. The average age of debut was 11.9 years old. Nearly half of the students who smoked had no intention to quit. Factors that associated with smoking would include: having or wishing to have tobacco promotion products, having friends or families who smoke, their friends' attitude towards smoking behavior, and misconceptions about smoking such as underestimate the harm of smoking and the difficulty of quitting, realizing that smoking was an important way for social contact, and to be seen as being matured etc. CONCLUSION: Boys are much more likely than girls to smoke cigarette. Smoking prevalence is much higher in low-income cities. Additianally, it should be concerned that girls has higher smoking rate than female adults. It is urgent for tobacco control among adolescents, especially in low-income area in China. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xiao,L., Jiang,Y., Li,Q., Feng,G.Z., Nan,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Individual-level factors associated with intentions to quit smoking among adult smokers in six cities of China: findings from the ITC China Survey	2010	Tobacco Control Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing, P R China. fengguoze@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 19 Suppl 2 Issue Start Page i6 Other Pages 11 Notes LR: 20141202; GR: 79551/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; GR: P50 CA111236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA125116/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA125116/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; OID: NLM: PMC2976002; ppublis Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 20935198 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2010.037093 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20935198 Abstract BACKGROUND: Over 350 million smokers live in China, and this represents nearly one-third of the smoking population of the world. Smoking cessation is critically needed to help reduce the harms and burden caused by smoking-related diseases. It is therefore important to identify the determinants of quitting and of quit intentions among smokers in China. Such knowledge would have potential to guide future tobacco control policies and programs that could increase quit rates in China. OBJECTIVE: To identify the correlates of intentions to quit smoking among a representative sample of adult smokers in six cities in China. METHODS: Data from wave 1 (2006) of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project China Survey, a face-to-face survey of adult Chinese smokers in six cities: Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai, Changsha, Guangzhou and Yinchuan, was analysed. Households were sampled using a stratified multistage design. About 800 smokers were surveyed in each selected city (total n=4815). RESULTS: Past quit attempts, duration of past attempts, Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI), outcome expectancy of quitting, worry about future health and overall opinion of smoking were found to be independently associated with intentions to quit smoking, but demographic characteristics were not. CONCLUSIONS: The determinants of quit intentions among smokers in China are fairly similar to those found among smokers in Western countries, despite the fact that interest in quitting is considerably lower among Chinese smokers. Identifying the determinants of quit intentions provides possibilities for shaping effective policies and programs for increasing quitting among smokers in China. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Attitude to Health, China, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Intention, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Feng,G., Jiang,Y., Li,Q., Yong,H. H., Elton-Marshall,T., Yang,J., Li,L., Sansone,N., Fong,G. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC2976002 Editors
Secondhand smoke in hospitals of Catalonia (Spain) before and after a comprehensive ban on smoking at the national level	2008	Tobacco Control and Research Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Department, Institut Catala d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain. efernandez@ico.scs.es	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 47 Issue 6 Start Page 624 Other Pages 628 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0322116; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2008/04/24 [received]; 2008/09/03 [revised]; 2008/09/08 [accepted]; 2008/09/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0260; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 18845179 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.09.003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18845179 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in secondhand smoke exposure by means of airborne nicotine concentrations in public hospitals of Catalonia (Spain) before and after a comprehensive national smoking ban. METHODS: We monitored vapor-phase nicotine concentrations in 44 public hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) before the smoking ban (September-December 2005) and one year after (September-December 2006). We installed 5-7 sampling devices per hospital for 7 days in different places (228 pairs of samples), and 198 pairs of samples were available for the final analysis. RESULTS: The median nicotine concentration declined from 0.23 microg/m(3) (interquartile range: 0.13-0.63) before the law to 0.10 microg/m(3) (interquartile range: 0.02-0.19) after the law (% decline=56.5, p<0.01). We observed significant reductions in the median nicotine concentrations in all hospital locations, although secondhand smoke exposure was still present in some places (main hospital entrance, emergency department waiting rooms, fire escapes, and cafeterias). CONCLUSIONS: Secondhand smoke in hospitals has decreased after the ban. Assessment of airborne nicotine concentrations appears to be an objective and feasible system to monitor and reinforce the compliance of smoke-free legislations in this setting. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/prevention & control/statistics & numerical data, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Hospital Departments, Humans, Nicotine/analysis, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence, Spain, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fernandez,E., Fu,M., Martinez,C., Martinez-Sanchez,J. M., Lopez,M. J., Martin-Pujol,A., Centrich,F., Munoz,G., Nebot,M., Salto,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080919 PMCID Editors
Widespread occurrence and accumulation of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) and their derivatives in human blood and adipose fat	2015	Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental science & technology Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Sci.Technol. Pub Date Free Form 3-Mar Volume 49 Issue 5 Start Page 3150 Other Pages 3157 Notes GR: 1U38EH000464-01/EH/NCEH CDC HHS/United States; JID: 0213155; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (bisphenol F diglycidyl ether); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); 2015/02/20 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1520-5851; 0013-936X Accession Number PMID: 25679329 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00096 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25679329 Abstract Despite the widespread use of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in various consumer products, studies on human exposure to these compounds are scarce. In this study, BADGE, BFDGE, and seven of their derivatives were determined in human adipose fat and blood plasma samples collected from New York City, NY. Bisphenol A bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether [BADGE.2H2O] was the major BADGE derivative found in 60% of the adipose samples and 70% of the plasma samples analyzed. High concentrations and detection frequencies of BFDGE were found in both adipose and plasma samples. BFDGE concentrations in adipose fat ranged from 19.1 to 4500 ng/g wet weight. A significant correlation between BADGE or BFDGE and their derivatives in adipose and plasma samples suggested hydration of these reactive compounds in humans. A significant positive correlation existed between BADGEs (i.e., the sum of BADGE and its five derivatives) and BFDGEs in adipose samples, which suggested similar exposure sources and pathways for these compounds in humans. Bisphenol A (BPA) also was analyzed in adipose fat and plasma, and its concentrations were positively correlated with those of BADGEs, which confirmed coexposure of BADGEs and BPA in humans. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wang,L., Xue,J., Kannan,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150220 PMCID Editors
Advantages, indications, and the manufacturing of melted PVC waterpipe splints	1994	Theuvenet, W.J., Plastic Reconstructive Hand Surgery, Lukas Hospital, 7300 DS Apeldoorn, Netherlands	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Leprosy review Periodical, Abbrev. Lepr.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 1994/ Volume 65 Issue 4 Start Page 385 Other Pages 395 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0305-7518 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract There are several indications when to use splints in the treatment of leprosy. PVC waterpipe is a cheap and easily available material in developing countries. Its advantages, indications, and the manufacturing of splints are described. Descriptors polyvinylchloride, talc, article, contracture, cost effectiveness analysis, developing country, dynamic splint, heating, immobilization, leprosy, splint, tube, ulcer healing Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Theuvenet,W. J., Ruchal,S. P., Soares,D. J., Roche,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Examining the influence of aggressive driving behavior on driver injury severity in traffic crashes	2010	The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 1 University Station, C1761, Austin, TX 78712-0278, United States. rajeshp@mail.utexas.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Accident; Analysis and Prevention Periodical, Abbrev. Accid.Anal.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 42 Issue 6 Start Page 1839 Other Pages 1854 Notes CI: 2010; JID: 1254476; 2009/08/17 [received]; 2010/05/04 [revised]; 2010/05/10 [accepted]; 2010/06/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1879-2057; 0001-4575 Accession Number PMID: 20728635 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2010.05.005 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20728635 Abstract In this paper, we capture the moderating effect of aggressive driving behavior while assessing the influence of a comprehensive set of variables on injury severity. In doing so, we are able to account for the indirect effects of variables on injury severity through their influence on aggressive driving behavior, as well as the direct effect of variables on injury severity. The methodology used in the paper to accommodate the moderating effect of aggressive driving behavior takes the form of two models--one for aggressive driving and another for injury severity. These are appropriately linked to obtain the indirect and direct effects of variables. The data for estimation is obtained from the National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Study (NMVCCS). From an empirical standpoint, we consider a fine age categorization until 20 years of age when examining age effects on aggressive driving behavior and injury severity. There are several important results from the empirical analysis undertaken in the current paper based on post-crash data collection on aggressive behavior participation just prior to the crash and injury severity sustained in a crash. Young drivers (especially novice drivers between 16 and 17 years of age), drivers who are not wearing seat belt, under the influence of alcohol, not having a valid license, and driving a pick-up are found to be most likely to behave aggressively. Situational, vehicle, and roadway factors such as young drivers traveling with young passengers, young drivers driving an SUV or a pick-up truck, driving during the morning rush hour, and driving on roads with high speed limits are also found to trigger aggressive driving behavior. In terms of vehicle occupants, the safest situation from a driver injury standpoint is when there are two or more passengers in the vehicle, at least one of whom is above the age of 20 years. These and many other results are discussed, along with implications of the result for graduated driving licensing (GDL) programs. Descriptors Accidents, Traffic/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aggression/psychology, Alcoholic Intoxication/epidemiology/prevention & control, Automobile Driving/psychology, Causality, City Planning, Environment Design, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Econometric, Motor Vehicles, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Seat Belts/utilization, Sex Factors, Social Environment, United States, Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology/psychology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Paleti,R., Eluru,N., Bhat,C. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100602 PMCID Editors

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