Skip to main content
Title Pub Year Author SearchLink Sort descending
'Roll-your-own' cigarette smoking in South Africa between 2007 and 2010 2013 Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. lekan.ayoyusuf@up.ac.za.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
24-Jun
Volume
13
Issue
Start Page
597
Other Pages
2458-13-597
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3694453; 2013/01/02 [received]; 2013/06/14 [accepted]; 2013/06/24 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 23800007
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-13-597 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23800007
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of smoking and consumption of cigarettes have decreased in South Africa over the last 20 years. This decrease is a result of comprehensive tobacco control legislation, particularly large cigarette tax increases. However, little attention has been given to the potential use of 'roll-your-own' cigarettes as cheaper alternatives, especially among the socio-economically disadvantaged population. This study therefore sought to determine socio-demographic correlates of 'roll-your-own' cigarette use among South African adults (2007-2010). METHODS: This secondary data analysis used a merged dataset from two nationally representative samples of 2 907 and 3 112 South African adults (aged >/=16 years) who participated in the 2007 and 2010 annual South African Social Attitude Surveys respectively. The surveys used a face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire. The overall response rates were 83.1% for 2007 and 88.9% for 2010. Data elicited included socio-demographic data, current smoking status, type of tobacco products used, past quit attempts and self-efficacy in quitting. Data analysis included chi-square statistics and multi-variable adjusted logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1 296 current smokers in this study, 24.1% (n = 306) reported using roll-your-own cigarettes. Some of whom also smoked factory-made cigarettes. Roll-your-own cigarette smoking was most common among black Africans and was more common among male smokers than among female smokers (27% vs 15.8%; p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ayo-Yusuf,O.A., Olutola,B.G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130624
PMCID
PMC3694453
Editors
Molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Tunisia and characterization of their virulence factors and plasmid addiction systems 2013 Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisie. basma_mnif@yahoo.fr
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
25-Jun
Volume
13
Issue
Start Page
147
Other Pages
2180-13-147
Notes
LR: 20150423; JID: 100966981; 0 (Virulence Factors); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); OID: NLM: PMC3701463; 2013/03/28 [received]; 2013/05/27 [accepted]; 2013/06/25 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2180; 1471-2180
Accession Number
PMID: 23800277
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2180-13-147 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23800277
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), particularly CTX-M- type ESBLs, are among the most important resistance determinants spreading worldwide in Enterobacteriaceae. The aim of this study was to characterize a collection of 163 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli collected in Tunisia, their ESBL-encoding plasmids and plasmid associated addiction systems. RESULTS: The collection comprised 163 ESBL producers collected from two university hospitals of Sfax between 1989 and 2009. 118 isolates harbored blaCTX-M gene (101 blaCTX-M-15 gene and 17 blaCTX-M-14 gene). 49 isolates carried blaSHV-12 gene, 9 blaSHV-2a gene and only 3 blaTEM-26 gene. 16 isolates produced both CTX-M and SHV-12. The 101 CTX-M-15-producing isolates were significantly associated to phylogroup B2 and exhibiting a high number of virulence factors. 24 (23.7%) of the group B2 isolates belonged to clonal complex ST131. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing revealed a genetic diversity of the isolates. 144 ESBL determinants were transferable mostly by conjugation. The majority of plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-15 genes (72/88) were assigned to various single replicon or multireplicon IncF types and had significantly a higher frequency of addiction systems, notably the VagCD module. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the dissemination of CTX-M-15 producing E. coli in our setting was due to the spread of various IncF-type plasmids harboring multiple addiction systems, into related clones with high frequency of virulence determinants.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mnif,B., Harhour,H., Jdidi,J., Mahjoubi,F., Genel,N., Arlet,G., Hammami,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130625
PMCID
PMC3701463
Editors
A qualitative exploration of young adult smokers' responses to novel tobacco warnings 2013 University of Otago, P O Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. janet.hoek@otago.ac.nz
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
25-Jun
Volume
13
Issue
Start Page
609
Other Pages
2458-13-609
Notes
LR: 20150423; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3694466; 2013/02/01 [received]; 2013/06/18 [accepted]; 2013/06/25 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 23800292
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-13-609 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23800292
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite reduced smoking among adolescents, smoking prevalence peaks among young adults aged 18-30, many of whom believe themselves exempt from the health risks of smoking shown in warning labels. We explored how young adult smokers perceived warnings featuring proximal risks, and whether these encouraged cessation more effectively than traditional health messages. METHODS: We conducted in-depth interviews with 17 young adult smokers and explored their perceptions of current warnings as well as novel warnings representing short-term health consequences; immediate social risks, and tobacco's toxicity (denormalizing tobacco as an everyday product). We used a thematic analysis approach to explore how participants rationalized existing warnings and interpreted the novel messages. RESULTS: Participants considered the immediate social and physiological benefits they gained from smoking outweighed the distal risks shown in health warnings, which they regarded as improbable and irrelevant. Of the novel warnings, those presenting immediate social risks altered the balance of gains and losses young adults associated with smoking; however, those presenting short-term health risks or depicting tobacco as a toxin were less effective. CONCLUSIONS: Participants regarded warnings featuring proximal social risks as more salient and they were less likely to rationalise these as irrelevant. Social risk messages merit further investigation to examine their potential as a complement to traditional health warnings.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hoek,J., Hoek-Sims,A., Gendall,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130625
PMCID
PMC3694466
Editors
Controlled experiments measuring personal exposure to PM2.5 in close proximity to cigarette smoking 2014 Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Indoor air
Periodical, Abbrev.
Indoor Air
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
24
Issue
2
Start Page
199
Other Pages
212
Notes
CI: (c) 2013; JID: 9423515; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/11/29 [received]; 2013/06/20 [accepted]; 2013/08/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1600-0668; 0905-6947
Accession Number
PMID: 23808850
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1111/ina.12057 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23808850
Abstract
Few measurements of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in close proximity to a smoker are available. Recent health studies have demonstrated an association between acute (160 mug/m(3) of PM2.5 . The average incremental exposure of the non-smokers was higher indoors (42 mug/m(3) , n = 35) than outdoors (29 mug/m(3) , n = 47), but the overall indoor and outdoor frequency distributions were similar. The 10-s PM2.5 averages during the smoking periods showed great variability, with multiple high concentrations of short duration (microplumes) both indoors and outdoors.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Acevedo-Bolton,V., Ott,W.R., Cheng,K.C., Jiang,R.T., Klepeis,N.E., Hildemann,L.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130802
PMCID
Editors
Solvent-impregnated agarose gel liquid phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water 2013 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
9-Aug
Volume
1302
Issue
Start Page
14
Other Pages
19
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9318488; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 9012-36-6 (Sepharose); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/01/02 [received]; 2013/06/01 [revised]; 2013/06/03 [accepted]; 2013/06/14 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 23809804
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.010 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23809804
Abstract
A new microextraction procedure termed agarose gel liquid phase microextraction (AG-LPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for the determination of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water. The technique utilized an agarose gel disc impregnated with the acceptor phase (1-octanol). The extraction procedure was performed by allowing the solvent-impregnated agarose gel disc to tumble freely in the stirred sample solution. After extraction, the agarose gel disc was removed and subjected to centrifugation to disrupt its framework and to release the impregnated solvent, which was subsequently withdrawn and injected into the GC-MS for analysis. Under optimized extraction conditions, the new method offered high enrichment factors (89-177), trace level LODs (9-14ngL(-1)) and efficient extraction with good relative recoveries in the range of 93.3-108.2% for spiked drinking water samples. AG-LPME did not exhibit any problems related to solvent dissolution, and it provided high extraction efficiencies that were comparable to those of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) and significantly higher than those of agarose film liquid phase microextraction (AF-LPME). This technique employed a microextraction format and utilized an environmentally compatible solvent holder that supported the green chemistry concept.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Loh,S.H., Sanagi,M.M., Wan Ibrahim,W.A., Hasan,M.N.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130614
PMCID
Editors
Yeasts isolated from nosocomial urinary infections: antifungal susceptibility and biofilm production 2014 Teaching and Research in Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Division of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.; Teaching and Research in Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Division of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringa, M
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia
Periodical, Abbrev.
Rev.Iberoam.Micol.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr-Jun
Volume
31
Issue
2
Start Page
104
Other Pages
108
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9425531; 0 (Antifungal Agents); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/01/14 [received]; 2013/05/02 [revised]; 2013/06/04 [accepted]; 2013/06/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Spain
ISSN/ISBN
2173-9188; 1130-1406
Accession Number
PMID: 23810785
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.riam.2013.06.004 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23810785
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Urinary Candida infections in the hospital environment are frequent and need to be better understood. AIMS: To compare the results of antifungal susceptibility profiles of yeasts isolated from patients with urinary infections obtained by broth microdilution method (BM) and by disk diffusion (DD), and also evaluate the capacity of these yeasts to form biofilms. METHODS: Only yeasts obtained from pure urine cultures with counts higher than 10(5) colony-forming units per milliliter, without bacteria development, of symptomatic patients were included. The isolates were identified by classical methods and the antifungal susceptibility tests were performed with the following drugs: amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin. The biofilm studies were carried out in polystyrene microtitration plates. RESULTS: Ninety-five yeasts isolates were analyzed, including 40 Candida albicans, 31 Candida glabrata, 24 Candida tropicalis. In general, the majority of the isolates were susceptible to the tested drugs but some resistance was observed, especially against fluconazole. Great variability in the antifungal susceptibility results was observed with the different tested drugs and a few discrepancies were observed between both methods. We suggest that in case of DD resistance this result should be confirmed by BM, the standard method. C. tropicalis isolates showed high biofilm production (91.7%) compared to C. albicans (82.5%) and C. glabrata (61.3%), with statistical significance (p=0.0129). CONCLUSIONS: Candiduria in critical patients requires major attention and a better control. The different susceptibility results obtained in this study showed the need to identify yeasts up to the species level, especially in patients with urinary tract infection. The development of techniques of antifungal susceptibility tests can help the clinicians in the empiric treatment of candiduria.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana
Data Source
Authors
de Freitas,A.R., Baeza,L.C., Faria,M.G., Dota,K.F., Godoy Martinez,P., Svidzinski,T.I.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130625
PMCID
Editors
Cardiovascular effects of nose-only water-pipe smoking exposure in mice 2013 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates;
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American journal of physiology.Heart and circulatory physiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Physiol.Heart Circ.Physiol.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Sep
Volume
305
Issue
5
Start Page
H740
Other Pages
6
Notes
JID: 100901228; 0 (Cytokines); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/06/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1522-1539; 0363-6135
Accession Number
PMID: 23812392
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1152/ajpheart.00200.2013 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23812392
Abstract
Water-pipe smoking (WPS) is a major type of smoking in Middle Eastern countries and is increasing in popularity in Western countries and is perceived as relatively safe. However, data on the adverse cardiovascular effects of WPS are scarce. Here, we assessed the cardiovascular effects of nose-only exposure to mainstream WPS generated by commercially available honey-flavored "moasel" tobacco in BALB/c mice. The duration of the session was 30 min/day for 1 mo. Control mice were exposed to air. WPS caused a significant increase of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in vivo (+13 mmHg) and plasma concentrations of IL-6 (+30%) but not that of TNF-alpha. Heart concentrations of IL-6 (+184%) and TNF-alpha (+54%) were significantly increased by WPS. Concentrations of ROS (+95%) and lipid peroxidation (+27%) were significantly increased, whereas those of GSH were decreased (-21%). WPS significantly shortened the thrombotic occlusion time in pial arterioles (-46%) and venules (40%). Plasma von Willebrand factor concentrations were significantly increased (+14%) by WPS. Erythrocyte numbers (+15%) and hematocrit (+17%) were significantly increased. Blood samples taken from mice exposed to WPS and exposed to ADP showed significant platelet aggregation compared with air-exposed mice. WPS caused a significant shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time (-45%) and prothrombin time (-13%). We conclude that 1-mo nose-only exposure to WPS increased SBP and caused cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, and prothrombotic events. Our findings provide plausible elucidation that WPS is injurious to the cardiovascular system.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nemmar,A., Yuvaraju,P., Beegam,S., John,A., Raza,H., Ali,B.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130628
PMCID
Editors
Recreational technical diving part 2: decompression from deep technical dives 2013 Navy Experimental Diving Unit, Panama City Beach, FL 7012, USA. david.doolette.as@navy.mil
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Diving and hyperbaric medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Diving.Hyperb.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
43
Issue
2
Start Page
96
Other Pages
104
Notes
LR: 20141212; JID: 101282742; 206GF3GB41 (Helium); 37291-87-5 (nitrox); 58933-55-4 (heliox); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); S88TT14065 (Oxygen); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/01/06 [received]; 2013/02/23 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Australia
ISSN/ISBN
1833-3516; 1833-3516
Accession Number
PMID: 23813463
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23813463
Abstract
Technical divers perform deep, mixed-gas 'bounce' dives, which are inherently inefficient because even a short duration at the target depth results in lengthy decompression. Technical divers use decompression schedules generated from modified versions of decompression algorithms originally developed for other types of diving. Many modifications ostensibly produce shorter and/or safer decompression, but have generally been driven by anecdote. Scientific evidence relevant to many of these modifications exists, but is often difficult to locate. This review assembles and examines scientific evidence relevant to technical diving decompression practice. There is a widespread belief that bubble algorithms, which redistribute decompression in favour of deeper decompression stops, are more efficient than traditional, shallow-stop, gas-content algorithms, but recent laboratory data support the opposite view. It seems unlikely that switches from helium- to nitrogen-based breathing gases during ascent will accelerate decompression from typical technical bounce dives. However, there is evidence for a higher prevalence of neurological decompression sickness (DCS) after dives conducted breathing only helium-oxygen than those with nitrogen-oxygen. There is also weak evidence suggesting less neurological DCS occurs if helium-oxygen breathing gas is switched to air during decompression than if no switch is made. On the other hand, helium-to-nitrogen breathing gas switches are implicated in the development of inner-ear DCS arising during decompression. Inner-ear DCS is difficult to predict, but strategies to minimize the risk include adequate initial decompression, delaying helium-to-nitrogen switches until relatively shallow, and the use of the maximum safe fraction of inspired oxygen during decompression.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Doolette,D.J., Mitchell,S.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Air quality at outdoor community events: findings from fine particulate (PM2.5) sampling at festivals in Edmonton, Alberta 2014 a Earth & Atmospheric Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada .
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of environmental health research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Environ.Health Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
24
Issue
3
Start Page
215
Other Pages
225
Notes
JID: 9106628; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2013/07/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1369-1619; 0960-3123
Accession Number
PMID: 23815801
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1080/09603123.2013.807328 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23815801
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with a broad range of health risks. This study assessed the impacts of cooking smoke and environmental tobacco smoke on air quality at outdoor community events in Edmonton, Alberta (Canada). Data were collected at three festivals in July-August 2011 using a portable real-time airborne particle monitor. The pooled mean PM2.5 level was 12.41 mug/m(3). Peak readings varied from 52 to 1877 mug/m(3). Mean PM2.5 near food stalls was 35.42 mug/m(3), which exceeds the WHO limit for 24 h exposure. Mean PM2.5 levels with smokers present were 16.39 mug/m(3) (all points) and 9.64 mug/m(3) (excluding points near food stalls). Although some smokers withdrew from common spaces, on average 20 smokers/hour were observed within 3 m. Extending smoking bans would improve air quality and address related concerns. However, food preparation is a more pressing area for policy action to reduce PM2.5 exposure at these community events.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Collins,D., Parsons,M., Zinyemba,C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130701
PMCID
Editors
Organic nitrogen uptake of Scots pine seedlings is independent of current carbohydrate supply 2013 Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umea, Sweden.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tree physiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tree Physiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
33
Issue
6
Start Page
590
Other Pages
600
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 100955338; 0 (Ammonium Compounds); 0 (Nitrates); 0 (Nitrogen Isotopes); 7440-44-0 (Carbon); 9005-25-8 (Starch); 94ZLA3W45F (Arginine); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
1758-4469; 0829-318X
Accession Number
PMID: 23824240
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1093/treephys/tpt041 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23824240
Abstract
In boreal forests, seedling establishment is limited by various factors including soil nitrogen (N) availability. Seedlings may absorb N from soil in a variety of inorganic and organic forms; however, the energy and thus carbohydrate requirements for uptake and assimilation of N vary with N source. We studied the importance of current photoassimilates for the acquisition and allocation of different N sources by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris (L.)) seedlings. Girdling was used as a tool to impair phloem transport of photoassimilates, and hence gradually deprive roots of carbohydrates. Seedlings were cultivated in a greenhouse on equimolar N concentrations of one of the N sources-arginine, ammonium or nitrate-and then girdled prior to a pulse-chase uptake experiment with isotopically labeled N sources. Girdling proved to be efficient in decreasing levels of soluble sugars and starch in the roots. Uptake rate of arginine N was highest, intermediate for ammonium N and lowest for nitrate N. Moreover, the uptake of arginine N was unaffected by girdling, while the uptake of the two inorganic N sources decreased to 45-56% of the ungirdled controls. In arginine-treated seedlings, 95-96% of the acquired arginine N resided in the roots, whereas a significant shift in the N distribution toward the shoot was evident in girdled seedlings treated with inorganic N. This spatial shift was especially pronounced in nitrate-treated seedlings suggesting that the reduction and following incorporation into roots was limited by the availability of current photoassimilates. These results suggest that there are energetic benefits for seedlings to utilize organic N sources, particularly under circumstances where carbohydrate supply is limited. Hence, these putative benefits might be of importance for the survival and growth of seedlings when carbohydrate reserves are depleted in early growing season, or in light-limited environments, such as those sustained by continuous cover forestry systems.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Gruffman,L., Palmroth,S., Nasholm,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors