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Risk-taking behaviors and subgrouping of college students: a latent class analysis 2013 1Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Print(0)
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Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American journal of men's health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Mens.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
7
Issue
6
Start Page
475
Other Pages
481
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101287723; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/03/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1557-9891; 1557-9883
Accession Number
PMID: 23539632
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1177/1557988313483540 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23539632
Abstract
Risk-taking behaviors have negative consequences on adolescent and young adult's health. The aim of this study was to identify the subgroups of college students on the basis of risk-taking behaviors and to assess the role of demographic characteristics, religious beliefs, and parental support on membership of specific subgroup. The cross-sectional study took place in Tabriz (northwest of Iran) in April and May of 2011. The randomly selected sample consisted of 1,837 college students. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Latent class analysis was performed to achieve the study's objectives. Four latent classes were identified: (a) low risk, (b) cigarette and hookah smoker, (c) sexual and drinking risk-takers (for males)/sexual risk takers (for females), and (d) high risk. Notably, 13.3% of the males and 4.3% of the females were in the high-risk class. The results identified evidence of protective influence of familial support and religiosity on risky behaviors. A fair number of college students, males in particular, were identified as high risk-takers. Design and implementation of preventive interventions for this segment of the population are necessary. Higher level of familial support and religiosity may serve as preventive factors in risk-taking behaviors.
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mohammadpoorasl,A., Ghahramanloo,A.A., Allahverdipour,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130328
PMCID
Editors
Cork as a new (green) coating for solid-phase microextraction: determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 2013 Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
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Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Analytica Chimica Acta
Periodical, Abbrev.
Anal.Chim.Acta
Pub Date Free Form
15-Apr
Volume
772
Issue
Start Page
33
Other Pages
39
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0370534; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2012/11/16 [received]; 2013/02/01 [revised]; 2013/02/13 [accepted]; 2013/02/20 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-4324; 0003-2670
Accession Number
PMID: 23540245
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.aca.2013.02.021 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23540245
Abstract
A new fiber for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was prepared employing cork as a coating. The morphology and composition of the cork fiber was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The proposed fiber was used for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in river water samples by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring-mass spectrometry (GC-SIM-MS). A central composite design was used for optimization of the variables involved in the extraction of PAHs from water samples. The optimal extraction conditions were extraction time and temperature of 60 min and 80 degrees C, respectively. The detection and quantification limits were 0.03 and 0.1 mug L(-1), respectively. The recovery values were between 70.2 and 103.2% and the RSD was /=0.96 and the fiber-to-fiber reproducibility showed RSD=18.6% (n=5). The efficiency of the cork fiber was compared with commercially available fibers and good results were achieved, demonstrating the applicability and great potential of cork as a coating for SPME.
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Dias,A.N., Simao,V., Merib,J., Carasek,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130220
PMCID
Editors
Second-hand smoke in mental healthcare settings: time to implement total smoke-free bans? 2013 Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of epidemiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Epidemiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
42
Issue
3
Start Page
886
Other Pages
893
Notes
JID: 7802871; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: Int J Epidemiol. 2013 Jun;42(3):894-5. PMID: 23918856; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/03/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1464-3685; 0300-5771
Accession Number
PMID: 23543600
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ije/dyt014 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23543600
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Second-hand smoke is associated with adverse health effects. Many countries have extended smoke-free policies to public buildings and workplaces such as hospitals, but mental health units have usually been exempted from complete smoke-free bans. The objective of this study was to evaluate second-hand smoke levels in mental health units with different types of smoking bans. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate second-hand smoke in 64 mental health inpatient units (95.5% of the all such units) in Catalonia, Spain. We measured air concentrations of particulate matter
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Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ballbe,M., Sureda,X., Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Salto,E., Gual,A., Fernandez,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130329
PMCID
Editors
GHPSS multicenter Italian survey: smoking prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, and tobacco cessation training among third-year medical students 2013 Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tumori
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tumori
Pub Date Free Form
Jan-Feb
Volume
99
Issue
1
Start Page
17
Other Pages
22
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 0111356; ppublish
Place of Publication
Italy
ISSN/ISBN
2038-2529; 0300-8916
Accession Number
PMID: 23548994
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM
DOI
10.1700/1248.13782 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23548994
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals have an important role to play both as advisers - influencing smoking cessation - and as role models. The aims of this study were to examine smoking prevalence, knowledge and attitudes among Italian university students attending medical schools using the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) approach. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among University students of 9 Italian medical schools (age ranging between 19 and 29 years). The GHPSS questionnaire was self-administered. A logistic regression model was used to identify possible factors associated with tobacco smoking status. Data were analyzed with the software SPSS 19.0 for Windows. RESULTS: Seven hundred thirty medical students (response rate 100%) were enrolled. The prevalence of current smokers was 20.4% (males 22.4%, females 19.1%). Of the total sample, 87.7% believed that health professionals should receive specific training in techniques to quit smoking, and 65% believed that health professionals had a role in giving advice or information about smoking cessation. However, 89.4% answered that they had not received specific training on smoking cessation techniques. Multivariate analysis showed that students belonging to universities in southern Italy were more likely to be smokers (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.03-3.97). CONCLUSIONS: This Italian multicenter survey found that one fifth of future medical doctors are smokers. There is a need to adopt a standard undergraduate curriculum containing comprehensive tobacco prevention and cessation training to improve their effectiveness as role models.
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Authors
Saulle,R., Bontempi,C., Baldo,V., Boccia,G., Bonaccorsi,G., Brusaferro,S., Donato,F., Firenze,A., Gregorio,P., Pelissero,G., Sella,A., Siliquini,R., Boccia,A., La Torre,G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Metatranscriptomic analysis of lactic acid bacterial gene expression during kimchi fermentation 2013 Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
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Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of food microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Food Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
15-May
Volume
163
Issue
3-Feb
Start Page
171
Other Pages
179
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 8412849; 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 2012/12/24 [received]; 2013/02/26 [revised]; 2013/02/27 [accepted]; 2013/03/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1879-3460; 0168-1605
Accession Number
PMID: 23558201
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.022 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23558201
Abstract
Barcode-based 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing showed that the kimchi microbiome was dominated by six lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Leuconostoc (Lc.) mesenteroides, Lactobacillus (Lb.) sakei, Weissella (W.) koreensis, Lc. gelidum, Lc. carnosum, and Lc. gasicomitatum. Therefore, we used completed genome sequences of representatives of these bacteria to investigate metatranscriptomic gene-expression profiles during kimchi fermentation. Total mRNA was extracted from kimchi samples taken at five time points during a 29 day-fermentation. Nearly all (97.7%) of the metagenome sequences that were recruited on all LAB genomes of GenBank mapped onto the six LAB strains; this high coverage rate indicated that this approach for assessing processes carried out by the kimchi microbiome was valid. Expressed mRNA sequences (as cDNA) were determined using Illumina GA IIx. Assignment of mRNA sequences to metabolic genes using MG-RAST revealed the prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism and lactic acid fermentation. The mRNA sequencing reads were mapped onto genomes of the six LAB strains, which showed that Lc. mesenteroides was most active during the early-stage fermentation, whereas gene expression by Lb. sakei and W. koreensis was high during later stages. However, gene expression by Lb. sakei decreased rapidly at 25 days of fermentation, which was possibly caused by bacteriophage infection of the Lactobacillus species. Many genes related to carbohydrate transport and hydrolysis and lactate fermentation were actively expressed, which indicated typical heterolactic acid fermentation. Mannitol dehydrogenase-encoding genes (mdh) were identified from all Leuconostoc species and especially Lc. mesenteroides, which harbored three copies (two copies on chromosome and one copy on plasmid) of mdh with different expression patterns. These results contribute to knowledge of the active populations and gene expression in the LAB community responsible for an important fermentation process.
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Jung,J.Y., Lee,S.H., Jin,H.M., Hahn,Y., Madsen,E.L., Jeon,C.O.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130306
PMCID
Editors
Effect of phosphoric acid etching on the shear bond strength of two self-etch adhesives 2013 SUNY at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine Department of Restorative Dentistry, Buffalo, NY, USA. cs252@buffalo.edu
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Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Appl.Oral Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan-Feb
Volume
21
Issue
1
Start Page
56
Other Pages
62
Notes
LR: 20150427; JID: 101189774; 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); OID: NLM: PMC3881806; 2012/05/09 [received]; 2013/01/11 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
1678-7765; 1678-7757
Accession Number
PMID: 23559113
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; D; IM
DOI
S1678-77572013000100056 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23559113
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of optional phosphoric acid etching on the shear bond strength (SBS) of two self-etch adhesives to enamel and dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-six bovine mandibular incisors were ground flat to obtain enamel and dentin substrates. A two-step self-etch adhesive (FL-Bond II) and a one-step self-etch adhesive (BeautiBond) were applied with and without a preliminary acid etching to both the enamel and dentin. The specimens were equally and randomly assigned to 4 groups per substrate (n=12) as follows: FL-Bond II etched; FL-Bond II un-etched; BeautiBond etched; BeautiBond un-etched. Composite cylinders (Filtek Z100) were bonded onto the treated tooth structure. The shear bond strength was evaluated after 24 hours of storage (37 degrees C, 100% humidity) with a testing machine (Ultra-tester) at a speed of 1 mm/min. The data was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's test with a significance level of p
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Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Sabatini,C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC3881806
Editors
Evidence of emerging hookah use among university students: a cross-sectional comparison between hookah and cigarette use 2013 Department of Behavioral Science and Community Health, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. tebarnett@phhp.ufl.edu
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
5-Apr
Volume
13
Issue
Start Page
302
Other Pages
2458-13-302
Notes
LR: 20150427; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3626777; 2012/10/01 [received]; 2013/04/02 [accepted]; 2013/04/05 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 23560649
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-13-302 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23560649
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The emergence of hookah is being noted on college campuses and in large U.S. cities and evidence points to an increasing trend for college students. The purpose of this study was to assess hookah use and identify associations with cigarette smoking and demographic factors. METHODS: An intercept sampling method was used at various locations on a large university campus in the southeastern United States, yielding a high participation rate (52%). A total of 1,203 participants completed a computer-aided survey that assessed the use of tobacco products. The sample characteristics were then weighted to match the University population of students enrolled during the same semester. Bivariate (chi-square and t-test) and multivariate (logistic regression) tests of association were conducted to assess differences between cigarette and hookah users. RESULTS: Hookah smoking exceeded cigarette smoking for both ever use (46.4% vs 42.1%) and past year use (28.4% vs 19.6%). Females and males used hookah at similar rates. Hispanic respondents had the highest prevalence of current use of hookah (18.9%) and cigarettes (16.4%). CONCLUSIONS: As hookah surpasses cigarette use, efforts need to be made to slow the increase in new tobacco products that are attractive to young adults and that pose many of the same health risks as those related to traditional tobacco products. Prevalence of all emerging tobacco products, including hookah, and the relationship with cigarette use needs to be monitored on an ongoing basis.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Barnett,T.E., Smith,T., He,Y., Soule,E.K., Curbow,B.A., Tomar,S.L., McCarty,C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130405
PMCID
PMC3626777
Editors
The potential of solvent-minimized extraction methods in the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fish oils 2013 Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Food Chemistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Food Chem.
Pub Date Free Form
15-Aug
Volume
139
Issue
4-Jan
Start Page
1036
Other Pages
1043
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 7702639; 0 (Fish Oils); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 2012/07/13 [received]; 2012/11/08 [revised]; 2013/02/04 [accepted]; 2013/02/16 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
0308-8146; 0308-8146
Accession Number
PMID: 23561207
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.02.012 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23561207
Abstract
Fish oil has been identified as one of the most important contributors to the level of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in feed products. The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fish oils is complicated due to the fat matrix, which affects both extraction efficiency and analytical quality. This article reviews and addresses two of the most relevant analytical methods for determining 11 mutagenic and carcinogenic PAHs, as well as two EPA indicator PAHs in fish oils. We discuss and critically evaluate two different extraction procedures, such as ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction (USAE) and ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction (USAEME). Clean-up of extracts was performed by solid-phase extraction using C18 and glass columns containing silica gel and florisil for USAE or only C18 for USAEME. Detection of the selected PAHs was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection for determination. Optimization of the variables affecting extraction by the selected extraction techniques was conducted and recoveries ranged from 70% to 100% by USAE and from 70% to 108% by USAEME with estimated quantification limits between 0.020 and 2.6 mug/kg were achieved. Moreover, the applicability of the selected methods was evaluated by the analysis of real samples. To our knowledge, this is the first time that USAEME has been applied to the determination of PAHs in food matrices, such as oil fish samples. The methods proposed were applied to the determination of the target PAHs in fish samples from different countries, and it was found that the low PAH contamination of the selected fish oils could mainly occur by atmospheric sources.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Yebra-Pimentel,I., Martinez-Carballo,E., Regueiro,J., Simal-Gandara,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130216
PMCID
Editors
Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria from yan-tsai-shin (fermented broccoli stems), a traditional fermented food in Taiwan 2013 Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. yisheng@mail.mcu.edu.tw
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of applied microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Appl.Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
115
Issue
1
Start Page
125
Other Pages
132
Notes
CI: Journal of Applied Microbiology (c) 2013; JID: 9706280; 0 (Bacteriocins); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 2013/01/18 [received]; 2013/03/04 [revised]; 2013/03/13 [accepted]; 2013/04/09 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1365-2672; 1364-5072
Accession Number
PMID: 23565762
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1111/jam.12199 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23565762
Abstract
AIMS: To isolate, characterize and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in yan-tsai-shin (fermented broccoli stems), a traditional fermented food in Taiwan. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 226 LAB were isolated; 111 cultures were isolated from samples collected from seven different markets and 115 from six fresh broccoli samples. These isolates were characterized phenotypically and then initially divided into nine groups (r1 to r9) using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA. Some isolates were further divided into four additional groups by other genetic analysis. The most common bacterial genera in yan-tsai-shin and fresh broccoli were Weissella, Lactococcus and Lactobacillus. Regional similarities in the LAB, with differences in diversity, were observed in this study. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA, rpoA, rpoB and pheS gene sequences, two strains were included in the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus, respectively, and identified as potential novel species or subspecies. In addition, the novel enterococcal strain, and 33 L. lactis subsp. lactis and two Weissella cibaria strains were found to have bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) producing abilities. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the LAB play important roles in the fermentation of yan-tsai-shin. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is the first report describing the distribution and varieties of LAB existing in yan-tsai-shin and fresh broccoli. In addition, two potential novel LAB species or subspecies and one potential novel BLIS were also found in this study.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
The Society for Applied Microbiology
Data Source
Authors
Chen,Y.S., Liou,M.S., Ji,S.H., Yu,C.R., Pan,S.F., Yanagida,F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130409
PMCID
Editors
Water with low concentration of surfactant in dispersed solvent-assisted emulsion dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in aqueous samples 2013 Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
26-Jul
Volume
1300
Issue
Start Page
51
Other Pages
57
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9318488; 0 (Acetates); 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated); 0 (Pesticides); 0 (Polysorbates); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Surface-Active Agents); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 178A96NLP2 (Dodecanol); 76J36KE44B (lauryl acetate); OTO: NOTNLM;
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 23566919
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.073 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23566919
Abstract
A novel sample preparation method, "water with low concentration of surfactant in dispersed solvent-assisted emulsion dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (WLSEME)", coupled with gas chromatography using an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) was developed for the analysis of the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), heptachlor, alpha-endosulfan, 4,4-DDE, 2,4-DDD and endrin, in aqueous samples. A microsyringe is used to withdrew and discharge 10-12muL of the extraction solvent and 60-120muL of water as the dispersed solvent (containing 1mgL(-1), Tween 80) 4 times within 10s to form a cloudy emulsified solution in the syringe. This is then injected into an 8mL aqueous sample spiked with all above OCPs. Dodecyl acetate and 2-dodecanol were both selected as extraction solvents to optimize their conditions separately. The total extraction time was about 0.5min. Under optimum conditions, using dodecyl acetate (12muL) as extraction solvent, the linear range of the method was 10-1000ngL(-1) for all OCPs, and the the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 1 to 5ngL(-1). The absolute recoveries and relative recoveries were from 20.8 to 43.5% and 83.2 to 109.8% for lake water, and 19.9-49.2% and 85.4-115.9% for seawater respectively. In the second method, 2-dodecanol as extraction solvent, the linear range was from 5 to 5000ngL(-1) for the target compounds, and the LODs were between 0.5 and 2ngL(-1). The absolute recoveries and relative recoveries ranged from 25.7 to 42.2% and 96.3-111.2% for sea water, and 22.4-41.9% and 90.7-107.9% for stream water. This could solve several problems, which commonly occur in ultrasound-assisted emulsification micro-extraction (USAEME), dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) and other assisted emulsification methods. These problems include analyte degradation, increased solubility of the extraction solvent and analyte, and high toxicity and large volume of the organic solvent used.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Li,Y., Chen,P.S., Huang,S.D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130228
PMCID
Editors