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The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author Sort descending | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Impact and duration of brief surgeon-delivered smoking cessation advice on attitudes regarding nicotine dependence and tobacco harms for patients with peripheral arterial disease | 2016 | Department of Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH; VA Outcomes Group, White River Junction, VT. Electronic address: Karina.A.Newhall@hitchcock.org.; Section of Vascular Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH.; Sectio | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annals of Vascular Surgery
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Vasc.Surg.
Pub Date Free Form
10-Aug
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160813; CI: Published by Elsevier Inc.; JID: 8703941; 2016/02/06 [received]; 2016/05/31 [revised]; 2016/06/03 [accepted]; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1615-5947; 0890-5096
Accession Number
PMID: 27521828
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
S0890-5096(16)30599-4 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27521828
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite the recognized benefits of smoking cessation, many clinicians question if a brief smoking cessation intervention can help dedicated smokers with peripheral arterial disease understand nicotine dependence and harms related to smoking. We investigated the impact and durability of a multi-modal smoking cessation intervention on patient attitudes regarding nicotine dependence and the health effects of smoking. METHODS: We conducted a pilot cluster randomized trial of a brief smoking cessation intervention at eight vascular surgery practices between September 1, 2014 and August 31, 2015. Compared with control sites, patients at intervention sites received protocolized brief cessation counseling, medications and referrals to a quitline. After their clinic visit and again at 3 months, participants completed a brief survey about patient attitudes regarding nicotine dependence and the health effects of smoking. Responses to questions were analyzed using Chi2 and student's t-tests. RESULTS: All trial participants (n=156) complete the initial survey, and 75 (45%) participants completed the follow-up survey. Intervention and control patients both reported a greater than 30-pack-year history (80% vs 90%, p=0.07) and previous failed quit attempts (77% vs 78%, p=0.8). Compared to usual care, patients in the intervention group were more likely to describe hearing advice to quit from their surgeon (98% vs. 77%, p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Newhall,K., Suckow,B., Spangler,E., Brooke,B.S., Schanzer,A., Tan,T., Burnette,M., Edelen,M.O., Farber,A., Goodney,P., VAPOR investigators (complete list in Appendix)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160810
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Epidemiology of esophageal cancer, especially adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction | 2000 | Department of Surgery, Hospital Clinic y Provincial, University of Barcelona Medical School, Spain. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Recent results in cancer research.Fortschritte der Krebsforschung.Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer
Periodical, Abbrev.
Recent Results Cancer Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
155
Issue
Start Page
1
Other Pages
14
Notes
LR: 20150828; JID: 0044671; RF: 82; ppublish
Place of Publication
GERMANY
ISSN/ISBN
0080-0015; 0080-0015
Accession Number
PMID: 10693234
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
10693234
Abstract
The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) has been increasing over the past 15 years in western countries. Surgical series and population-based studies show that, by 1994, adenocarcinomas of the esophagus accounted for half of all esophageal cancer among white men. The causes of this increase in incidence remain to be elucidated. Esophageal adenocarcinomas and a portion of EGJ adenocarcinomas arise from long and short segments of specialized intestinal metaplasia (Barrett's esophagus). The prevalence of long segments of Barrett's esophagus (> 3 cm) in patients having endoscopy for reflux symptoms is 3%, and 1% in those undergoing endoscopy for any clinical indication. However, a silent majority of patients with Barrett's esophagus remain unrecognized in the general population and may not be diagnosed unless adenocarcinoma develops. Recent studies document a rise in the diagnosis of specialized intestinal metaplasia of the cardia. Nearly all these patients have associated carditis, and Helicobacter pylori infection has been linked to this condition. The possible origin of EGJ adenocarcinomas in the sequence carditis--specialized intestinal metaplasia needs to be clarified. Smoking and obesity are additional risk factors for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and EGJ. Current data does not confirm H. pylori as a risk factor for cancer of the EGJ.
Descriptors
Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology/etiology/genetics, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology/genetics, Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology/genetics, Esophagogastric Junction/pathology, Helicobacter Infections/complications, Humans, Incidence, Life Style
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Pera,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease after lung transplantation: pathophysiology and implications for treatment | 2010 | Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Surgery
Periodical, Abbrev.
Surgery
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
148
Issue
4
Start Page
737
Other Pages
44; discussion 744-5
Notes
LR: 20141203; CI: Copyright (c) 2010; GR: T32 AA013527/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 AA013527-08/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 AA013527-09/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0417347; NIHMS279574; OID: NLM: NIHMS279574; OID: NLM: PMC3
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1532-7361; 0039-6060
Accession Number
PMID: 20727564
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.surg.2010.07.011 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20727564
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is thought to be a risk factor for the development or progression of chronic rejection after lung transplantation. However, the prevalence of GERD and its risk factors, including esophageal dysmotility, hiatal hernia and delayed gastric emptying after lung transplantation, are still unknown. In addition, the prevalence of Barrett's esophagus, a known complication of GERD, has not been determined in these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and extent of GERD, as well as the frequency of these risk factors and complications of GERD in lung transplant patients. METHODS: Thirty-five consecutive patients underwent a combination of esophageal function testing, upper endoscopy, barium swallow, and gastric emptying scan after lung transplantation. RESULTS: In this patient population, the prevalence of GERD was 51% and 22% in those who had been retransplanted. Of patients with GERD,36% had ineffective esophageal motility (IEM), compared with 6% of patients without GERD (P = .037). No patient demonstrated hiatal hernia on barium swallow. The prevalence of delayed gastric emptying was 36%. The prevalence of biopsy-confirmed Barrett's esophagus was 12%. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that, after lung transplantation, more than half of patients had GERD, and that GERD was more common after retransplantation. IEM and delayed gastric emptying are frequent in patients with GERD. Hiatal hernia is rare. The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus is not negligible. We conclude that GERD is highly prevalent after lung transplantation, and that delayed gastric emptying and Barrett's esophagus should always be suspected after lung transplantation because they are common risks factors and complications of GERD.
Descriptors
Adult, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology/physiopathology, Humans, Lung Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Mosby, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Davis,C. S., Shankaran,V., Kovacs,E. J., Gagermeier,J., Dilling,D., Alex,C. G., Love,R. B., Sinacore,J., Fisichella,P. M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100821
PMCID
PMC3066258
Editors
|
|||
| A Barrett's esophagus registry of over 1000 patients from a specialist center highlights greater risk of progression than population-based registries and high risk of low grade dysplasia | 2015 | Department of Surgery, Trinity Center for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus / I.S.D.E
Periodical, Abbrev.
Dis.Esophagus
Pub Date Free Form
Feb-Mar
Volume
28
Issue
2
Start Page
121
Other Pages
126
Notes
CI: (c) 2014; JID: 8809160; Adenocarcinoma Of Esophagus; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/01/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1442-2050; 1120-8694
Accession Number
PMID: 24428806
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1111/dote.12166 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24428806
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) arising from chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux (GERD) is the main pathologic precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The risk of progression to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and EAC is unclear, and recent population studies from Denmark and Northern Ireland suggest that this has been overestimated in the past. No data exist from the Republic of Ireland. A detailed clinical, endoscopic, and pathologic database was established in one center as a proposed pilot for a national registry, and initial and follow-up data were abstracted by a data manager. One thousand ninety-three patients were registered, 60 patients with HGD were excluded, leaving 1033, with a median age of 59 and 2 : 1 male to female ratio, and 3599 person-years of follow-up. The overall incidence of HGD/EAC was 1.33% per year overall, 0.85% if the first year is excluded. Within the first year after index endoscopy, 18 cases of HGD or EAC were identified, and 30 following the first year. Low-grade dysplasia (LGD) on index endoscopy was associated with an incidence of progression of 6.5% per year, and 3.1% when tertiary referrals were excluded. These data provide important demographic and clinical information on the population of Irish patients with BE, with incidence rates of progression higher than recently published population-based registry series, perhaps relating to sampling and pathological assessment. Low-grade dysplasia on initial biopsy is a significant proxy marker of risk of progression.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus
Data Source
Authors
Picardo,S.L., O'Brien,M.P., Feighery,R., O'Toole,D., Ravi,N., O'Farrell,N.J., O'Sullivan,J.N., Reynolds,J.V.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140115
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Barrett's esophagus: a surgical disease | 1999 | Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0788, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Gastrointest.Surg.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul-Aug
Volume
3
Issue
4
Start Page
397
Other Pages
403; discussion 403-4
Notes
LR: 20041117; JID: 9706084; ppublish
Place of Publication
UNITED STATES
ISSN/ISBN
1091-255X; 1091-255X
Accession Number
PMID: 10482692
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
S1091255X99800560 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
10482692
Abstract
Barrett's metaplasia can develop in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and metaplasia can evolve into dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. The optimal treatment for Barrett's metaplasia and dysplasia is still being debated. The study reported herein was designed to assess the following: (1) the incidence of Barrett's metaplasia among patients with GERD; (2) the ability of laparoscopic fundoplication to control symptoms in patients with Barrett's metaplasia; (3) the results of esophagectomy in patients with high-grade dysplasia; and (4) the character of endoscopic follow-up programs of patients with Barrett's disease being managed by physicians throughout a large geographic region (northern California). Five-hundred thirty-five patients evaluated between October 1989 and February 1997 at the University of California San Francisco Swallowing Center had a diagnosis of GERD established by upper gastrointestinal series, endoscopy, manometry, and pH monitoring. Thirty-eight symptomatic patients with GERD and Barrett's metaplasia underwent laparoscopic fundoplication. Eleven other consecutive patients with high-grade dysplasia underwent transhiatal esophagectomies. Barrett's metaplasia was present in 72 (13%) of the 535 patients with GERD. The following results were achieved in patients who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication (n = 38): Heartburn resolved in 95% of patients, regurgitation in 93% of patients, and cough in 100% of patients. With regard to transhiatal esophagectomy (n = 11), the average duration of the operation was 339 +/- 89 minutes. The only significant complications were two esophageal anastomotic leaks, both of which resolved without sequelae. Mean hospital stay was 14 +/- 5 days. There were no deaths. The specimens showed high-grade dysplasia in seven patients and invasive adenocarcinoma (undiagnosed preoperatively) in four (36%). These results can be summarized as follows: (1) Barrett's metaplasia was present in 13% of patients with GERD being evaluated at a busy diagnostic center; (2) laparoscopic fundoplication was highly successful in controlling symptoms of GERD in patients with Barrett's metaplasia; (3) in patients with high-grade dysplasia esophagectomy was performed safely (invasive cancer had eluded preoperative endoscopic biopsies in one third of these patients); and (4) even though periodic endoscopic examination of Barrett's disease is universally recommended, this was actually done in fewer than two thirds of patients being managed by a large number of independent physicians in this geographic area.
Descriptors
Adenocarcinoma/pathology, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects, Barrett Esophagus/etiology/pathology/surgery, California, Cough/therapy, Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology, Esophagectomy/adverse effects, Esophagoscopy, Esophagus/pathology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fundoplication, Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications, Heartburn/therapy, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Incidence, Laparoscopy, Length of Stay, Male, Manometry, Metaplasia, Middle Aged, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Time Factors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Patti,M. G., Arcerito,M., Feo,C. V., Worth,S., De Pinto,M., Gibbs,V. C., Gantert,W., Tyrrell,D., Ferrell,L. F., Way,L. W.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Laparoscopic treatment of obese patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus: a prospective study | 2012 | Department of Surgery, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 999, Santiago, Chile. ibraghet@redclinicauchile.cl | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Obesity Surgery
Periodical, Abbrev.
Obes.Surg.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
22
Issue
5
Start Page
764
Other Pages
772
Notes
JID: 9106714; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1708-0428; 0960-8923
Accession Number
PMID: 22392129
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1007/s11695-011-0531-x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22392129
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Short-segment Barrett's esophagus (SSBE) or long-segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE) is the consequence of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is frequently associated with obesity. Obesity is a significant risk factor for the development of GERD symptoms, erosive esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Morbidly obese patients who submitted to gastric bypass have an incidence of GERD as high as 50% to 100% and Barrett's esophagus reaches up to 9% of patients. METHODS: In this prospective study, we evaluate the postoperative results after three different procedures--calibrated fundoplication + posterior gastropexy (CFPG), fundoplication + vagotomy + distal gastrectomy + Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy (FVDGRYGJ), and laparoscopic resectional Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRRYGBP)--among obese patients. RESULTS: In patients with SSBE who submitted to CFPG, the persistence of reflux symptoms and endoscopic erosive esophagitis was observed in 15% and 20.2% of them, respectively. Patients with LSBE were submitted to FVDGRYGJ or LRRYGBP which significantly improved their symptoms and erosive esophagitis. No modifications of LESP were observed in patients who submitted to LRRYGBP before or after the operation. Acid reflux diminished after the three types of surgery were employed. Patients who submitted to LRRYGBP presented a significant reduction of BMI from 41.5 +/- 4.3 to 25.7 +/- 1.3 kg/m(2) after 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with LSBE, FVDGRYGJ presents very good results in terms of improving GERD and Barrett's esophagus, but the reduction of weight is limited. LRRYGBP improves GERD disease and Barrett's esophagus with proven reduction in body weight and BMI, thus becoming the procedure of choice for obese patients.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Braghetto,I., Korn,O., Csendes,A., Gutierrez,L., Valladares,H., Chacon,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| A pattern-matched Twitter analysis of US cancer-patient sentiments | 2016 | Department of Surgery, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.; Department of Surgery, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, College of Engi | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of surgical research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Surg.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
25-Jun
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160815; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 0376340; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/01/29 [received]; 2016/06/03 [revised]; 2016/06/09 [accepted]; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1095-8673; 0022-4804
Accession Number
PMID: 27523257
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
S0022-4804(16)30175-5 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27523257
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Twitter has been recognized as an important source of organic sentiment and opinion. This study aimed to (1) characterize the content of tweets authored by the United States cancer patients; and (2) use patient tweets to compute the average happiness of cancer patients for each cancer diagnosis. METHODS: A large sample of English tweets from March 2014 through December 2014 was obtained from Twitter. Using regular expression software pattern matching, the tweets were filtered by cancer diagnosis. For each cancer-specific tweetset, individual patients were extracted, and the content of the tweet was categorized. The patients' Twitter identification numbers were used to gather all tweets for each patient, and happiness values for patient tweets were calculated using a quantitative hedonometric analysis. RESULTS: The most frequently tweeted cancers were breast (n = 15,421, 11% of total cancer tweets), lung (n = 2928, 2.0%), prostate (n = 1036, 0.7%), and colorectal (n = 773, 0.5%). Patient tweets pertained to the treatment course (n = 73, 26%), diagnosis (n = 65, 23%), and then surgery and/or biopsy (n = 42, 15%). Computed happiness values for each cancer diagnosis revealed higher average happiness values for thyroid (h_avg = 6.1625), breast (h_avg = 6.1485), and lymphoma (h_avg = 6.0977) cancers and lower average happiness values for pancreatic (h_avg = 5.8766), lung (h_avg = 5.8733), and kidney (h_avg = 5.8464) cancers. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms that patients are expressing themselves openly on social media about their illness and that unique cancer diagnoses are correlated with varying degrees of happiness. Twitter can be employed as a tool to identify patient needs and as a means to gauge the cancer patient experience.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Crannell,W.C., Clark,E., Jones,C., James,T.A., Moore,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160625
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Global air monitoring study: a multi-country comparison of levels of indoor air pollution in different workplaces | 2009 | Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore. dsokhn@nccs.com.sg | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Acad.Med.Singapore
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
38
Issue
3
Start Page
202
Other Pages
206
Notes
GR: P50 CA111236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7503289; ppublish
Place of Publication
Singapore
ISSN/ISBN
0304-4602; 0304-4602
Accession Number
PMID: 19347072
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19347072
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: A local study completed in Singapore, which was part of an international multi-country study that aims to develop a global assessment of exposure to second-hand smoke in indoor workplaces, gathered data regarding the indoor air quality of public areas. It was hypothesised that air would be less polluted in non-smoking venues compared to places where smoking occurred. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A TSI SidePak AM510 Personal Aerosol Monitor was used to sample and record the levels of respirable suspended particles (RSP) in the air. A broad range of venues were sampled in Singapore. The primary goal of data analysis was to assess the difference in the average levels of RSP in smoke-free and non smoke-free venues. Data was assessed at 3 levels: (a) the mean RSP across all venues sampled compared with the mean levels of smoke-free and non smoke-free venues, (b) levels in venues where smoking occurred compared with similar venues in Ireland, and (c) comparison between smoke-free and non smoke-free areas according to the type of venue. Statistical significance was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: The level of indoor air pollution was 96% lower in smoke-free venues compared to non smoke-free venues. Averaged across each type of venue, the lowest levels of indoor air pollution were found in restaurants (17 microg/m3) and the highest in bars (622 microg/m3); both well above the US EPA Air Quality Index hazardous level of >or=251 ug/m3. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that workers and patrons are exposed to harmful levels of a known carcinogen and toxin. Policies that prohibit smoking in public areas dramatically reduce exposure and improve worker and patron health.
Descriptors
Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Environmental Monitoring, Ireland, Restaurants, Singapore, Smoking, Workplace
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Koong,H. N., Khoo,D., Higbee,C., Travers,M., Hyland,A., Cummings,K. M., Dresler,C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| The influence of gingival dimensions on bleeding upon probing in young adults with plaque-induced gingivitis | 2002 | Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat. hp.muller@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Clinical oral investigations
Periodical, Abbrev.
Clin.Oral Investig.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
6
Issue
2
Start Page
69
Other Pages
74
Notes
LR: 20071115; JID: 9707115; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1432-6981; 1432-6981
Accession Number
PMID: 12166716
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
12166716
Abstract
In both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of young adults with plaque-induced gingivitis it has been observed that bleeding upon probing is only weakly associated with supragingival plaque. It has been speculated that gingival bleeding may be influenced by several independent factors other than plaque. Great intra- and interindividual variation of gingival thickness and width has been reported. Based on respective observations, the existence of different gingival phenotypes has been suggested. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible influence of gingival thickness and width on bleeding on probing. Forty young adults with mild, plaque-induced gingivitis, 24 non-smokers and 16 smokers, participated in this cross-sectional study. In addition to periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment loss, width of gingiva, bleeding on probing, and presence of plaque, gingival thickness was measured with an ultrasonic device. Multivariable models were separately calculated for buccal, mandibular lingual, and palatal surfaces and generally adjusted for tooth type. Generalised Estimation Equation methodology was employed in order to adjust for correlated observations. Plaque was significantly associated with bleeding upon probing only at buccal sites (odds ratio 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.19-2.72) An influence of similar magnitude was identified for smoking (odds ratio 1.76; 1.07-2.89). At lingual sites in the mandible, bleeding was influenced by smoking (odds ratio 2.25; 1.18-4.25) and gingival thickness (odds ratio for thick gingiva >1 mm of 1.93; 1.02-3.65), but not plaque. At palatal sites, only periodontal probing depth had an influence (odds ratio 1.89; 1.25-2.84). It was concluded that, apart from supragingival plaque, smoking was an independent risk factor for gingival bleeding on probing. Thin and vulnerable gingiva of insufficient width was not more likely to bleed after probing than thicker tissue.
Descriptors
Adult, Cheek, Confidence Intervals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dental Plaque/complications, Female, Gingiva/pathology/ultrasonography, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/etiology, Gingivitis/etiology, Humans, Incisor, Lip, Logistic Models, Male, Mandible, Maxilla, Molar, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Palate, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Factors, Smoking, Statistics as Topic
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Muller,H. P., Heinecke,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae biofilm tolerance towards systemic antifungals depends on growth phase | 2014 | Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark. rakb@vet.dtu.dk. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
4-Dec
Volume
14
Issue
Start Page
305
Other Pages
014-0305-4
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 100966981; 0 (Antifungal Agents); OID: NLM: PMC4258017; 2014/07/25 [received]; 2014/11/20 [accepted]; 2014/12/04 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2180; 1471-2180
Accession Number
PMID: 25472667
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/s12866-014-0305-4 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25472667
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Biofilm-forming Candida species cause infections that can be difficult to eradicate, possibly because of antifungal drug tolerance mechanisms specific to biofilms. In spite of decades of research, the connection between biofilm and drug tolerance is not fully understood. RESULTS: We used Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model for drug susceptibility of yeast biofilms. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that S. cerevisiae and C. glabrata form similarly structured biofilms and that the viable cell numbers were significantly reduced by treatment of mature biofilms with amphotericin B but not voriconazole, flucytosine, or caspofungin. We showed that metabolic activity in yeast biofilm cells decreased with time, as visualized by FUN-1 staining, and mature, 48-hour biofilms contained cells with slow metabolism and limited growth. Time-kill studies showed that in exponentially growing planktonic cells, voriconazole had limited antifungal activity, flucytosine was fungistatic, caspofungin and amphotericin B were fungicidal. In growth-arrested cells, only amphotericin B had antifungal activity. Confocal microscopy and colony count viability assays revealed that the response of growing biofilms to antifungal drugs was similar to the response of exponentially growing planktonic cells. The response in mature biofilm was similar to that of non-growing planktonic cells. These results confirmed the importance of growth phase on drug efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: We showed that in vitro susceptibility to antifungal drugs was independent of biofilm or planktonic growth mode. Instead, drug tolerance was a consequence of growth arrest achievable by both planktonic and biofilm populations. Our results suggest that efficient strategies for treatment of yeast biofilm might be developed by targeting of non-dividing cells.
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Bojsen,R., Regenberg,B., Folkesson,A.
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20141204
PMCID
PMC4258017
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