WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Mobile phone-based interventions for smoking cessation	2012	National Institute forHealth Innovation, University of Auckland, Auckland,New Zealand. r.whittaker@nihi.auckland.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 14-Nov Volume 11 Issue Start Page CD006611 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160510; JID: 100909747; CIN: Evid Based Nurs. 2013 Oct;16(4):108-9. PMID: 23389384; UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;4:CD006611. PMID: 27060875; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 23152238 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD006611.pub3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23152238 Abstract BACKGROUND: Innovative and effective smoking cessation interventions are required to appeal to those who are not accessing traditional cessation services. Mobile phones are widely used and are now well-integrated into the daily lives of many, particularly young adults. Mobile phones are a potential medium for the delivery of health programmes such as smoking cessation. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether mobile phone-based interventions are effective at helping people who smoke, to quit. SEARCH METHODS: For the most recent update, we searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register in May 2012. We also searched UK Clinical Research Network Portfolio for current projects in the UK and the ClinicalTrials register for on-going or recently completed studies. We searched through the reference lists of identified studies and attempted to contact the authors of ongoing studies, with no restrictions placed on language or publication date. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized or quasi-randomized trials. Participants were smokers of any age who wanted to quit. Studies were those examining any type of mobile phone-based intervention. This included any intervention aimed at mobile phone users, based around delivery via mobile phone, and using any functions or applications that can be used or sent via a mobile phone. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Information on risk of bias and methodological details was extracted using a standardised form. Participants who dropped out of the trials or were lost to follow-up were considered to be smoking. We calculated risk ratios (RR) for each included study. Meta-analysis of the included studies was undertaken using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect method. Where meta-analysis was not possible, summary and descriptive statistics are presented. MAIN RESULTS: Five studies with at least six month cessation outcomes were included in this review. Three studies involve a purely text messaging intervention that has been adapted over the course of these three studies for different populations and contexts. One study is a multi-arm study of a text messaging intervention and an internet QuitCoach separately and in combination. The final study involves a video messaging intervention delivered via the mobile phone. When all five studies were pooled, mobile phone interventions were shown to increase the long term quit rates compared with control programmes (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.99, over 9000 participants), using a definition of abstinence of no smoking at six months since quit day but allowing up to three lapses or up to five cigarettes. Statistical heterogeneity was substantial as indicated by the I(2) statistic (I(2) = 79%), but as all included studies were similar in design, intervention and primary outcome measure, we have presented the meta-analysis in this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The current evidence shows a benefit of mobile phone-based smoking cessation interventions on long-term outcomes, though results were heterogenous with findings from three of five included studies crossing the line of no effect. The studies included were predominantly of text messaging interventions. More research is required into other forms of mobile phone-based interventions for smoking cessation, other contexts such as low income countries, and cost-effectiveness. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Whittaker,R., McRobbie,H., Bullen,C., Borland,R., Rodgers,A., Gu,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121114 PMCID Editors
Mobility, expansion and management of a multi-species scuba diving fishery in East Africa	2012	Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. hampus@ecology.su.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form Volume 7 Issue 4 Start Page e35504 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150225; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC3328463; 2012/01/11 [received]; 2012/03/16 [accepted]; 2012/04/17 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 22530034 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0035504 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22530034 Abstract BACKGROUND: Scuba diving fishing, predominantly targeting sea cucumbers, has been documented to occur in an uncontrolled manner in the Western Indian Ocean and in other tropical regions. Although this type of fishing generally indicates a destructive activity, little attention has been directed towards this category of fishery, a major knowledge gap and barrier to management. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: With the aim to capture geographic scales, fishing processes and social aspects the scuba diving fishery that operate out of Zanzibar was studied using interviews, discussions, participant observations and catch monitoring. The diving fishery was resilient to resource declines and had expanded to new species, new depths and new fishing grounds, sometimes operating approximately 250 km away from Zanzibar at depths down to 50 meters, as a result of depleted easy-access stock. The diving operations were embedded in a regional and global trade network, and its actors operated in a roving manner on multiple spatial levels, taking advantage of unfair patron-client relationships and of the insufficient management in Zanzibar. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: This study illustrates that roving dynamics in fisheries, which have been predominantly addressed on a global scale, also take place at a considerably smaller spatial scale. Importantly, while proposed management of the sea cucumber fishery is often generic to a simplified fishery situation, this study illustrates a multifaceted fishery with diverse management requirements. The documented spatial scales and processes in the scuba diving fishery emphasize the need for increased regional governance partnerships to implement management that fit the spatial scales and processes of the operation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Eriksson,H., de la Torre-Castro,M., Olsson,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120417 PMCID PMC3328463 Editors
Mobilization of PAHs from the coal-tar lining of water mains as a result of disinfection	1998	Maier, M., Stadtwerke Karlsruhe, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 1998/ Volume 16 Issue 4-Mar Start Page 211 Other Pages 219 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0735-1917 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Coal-tar was commonly used as an internal lining for corrosion protection of water pipes from the 19th century up to the present. In this project the principal mechanisms for the occurrence of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in drinking water distribution systems were investigated. The results showed that the occurrence of PAHs in a distribution system was linked to the presence of the disinfectants chlorine and chlorine dioxide. In laboratory experiments it was demonstrated that the coal-tar surface represents a substrate for the growth of biofilms which exhibits protective effects. Generally, hostile environmental conditions for microbiological activity of the biofilm such as disinfection, stagnation periods and anaerobic conditions could be identified as the most important factors to favour the occurrence of PAHs in the drinking water. It was clearly shown that disturbances in the hydraulic regime such as water hammers, operation of valves and rapid increases in flow velocity can result in enhanced PAH concentrations. Immediately after stagnation periods PAH concentrations increased to levels which exceeded the prescribed concentrations of the EC-guideline of 200 ng/l. The destabilisation of the biofilm matrix resulted in the release of particles highly contaminated with PAHs which may be responsible for the contamination of the drinking water. Descriptors chlorine, chlorine dioxide, coal tar, disinfectant agent, drinking water, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, conference paper, disinfection, flow rate, leaching, pipeline, turbidity, United Kingdom, water contamination, water flow, water quality, water supply, water treatment Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Maier,M., Lloyd,B. J., Maier,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Modeling of residual chlorine in water distribution system	2003	Li, X., Department of Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Environmental Sciences Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Sci. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 15 Issue 1 Start Page 136 Other Pages 144 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1001-0742 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Water quality within water distribution system may vary with both location and time. Water quality models are used to predict the spatial and temporal variation of water quality throughout water system. A model of residual chlorine decay in water pipe has been developed, given the consumption of chlorine in reactions with chemicals in bulk water, bio-films on pipe wall, in corrosion process, and the mass transport of chlorine from bulk water to pipe wall. Analytical methods of the flow path from water sources to the observed point and the water age of every observed node were proposed. Model is used to predict the decay of residual chlorine in an actual distribution system. Good agreement between calculated and measured values was obtained. Descriptors chlorine, article, chemistry, quality control, theoretical model, time, water flow, water supply Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Li,X., Gu,D. -M, Qi,J. -Y, Ukita,M., Zhao,H. -B Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Modeling the Health Effects of Expanding e-Cigarette Sales in the United States and United Kingdom: A Monte Carlo Analysis	2015	Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco2Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JAMA internal medicine Periodical, Abbrev. JAMA Intern.Med. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 175 Issue 10 Start Page 1671 Other Pages 1680 Notes LR: 20151007; GR: 1P50CA180890/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA180890/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32HP19025/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 101589534; CIN: JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Oct;175(10):1603-4. PMID: 26322472; NIHMS720243; OID: NLM: NIHMS72 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2168-6114; 2168-6106 Accession Number PMID: 26322924 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; AIM; IM DOI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4209 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26322924 Abstract IMPORTANCE: The prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is increasing. Population health effects will depend on cigarette smoking behaviors, levels of dual use with conventional cigarettes, and e-cigarette toxicity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate potential health effects of various scenarios of increasing promotion and use of e-cigarettes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A base case model was developed using data on actual cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns that quantifies transitions from an initial state of no cigarette or e-cigarette use to 1 of 5 final states: never use of cigarettes or e-cigarettes, cigarette use, e-cigarette use, dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, or quit. Seven scenarios were created that cover a range of use patterns, depending on how the e-cigarette market might develop, as well as a range of possible long-term health effects of e-cigarette use. Scenarios for changes from the base case were evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations. Separate sets of base case model parameters were evaluated for the US and UK populations. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: We assigned unitless health "costs" for each final state on a scale of 0 to 100. Population health "costs" were compared with the base case (status quo) assuming e-cigarette use health "costs" from 1% to 50% as dangerous as conventional cigarette use health costs. RESULTS: Compared with the base case, a harm reduction scenario in which e-cigarette use increases only among smokers who are interested in quitting with more quit attempts and no increased initiation of e-cigarette use among nonsmokers, and another scenario in which e-cigarettes are taken up only by youth who would have smoked conventional cigarettes, had population-level health benefits regardless of e-cigarette health costs in both the United States and United Kingdom. Conversely, scenarios in which e-cigarette promotion leads to renormalization of cigarette smoking or e-cigarettes are used primarily by youth who never would have smoked showed net health harms across all e-cigarette health costs. In other scenarios, the net health effect varied on the basis of the health cost of e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: According to this analysis, widespread promotion of e-cigarettes may have a wide range of population-level health effects, depending on both e-cigarette health risks and patterns of use. Absent the primary effect of e-cigarette promotion being only to divert current or future conventional cigarette smokers to e-cigarette use, the current uncertainty about the health risks of e-cigarettes, increasing e-cigarette use among youth, and the varying health effects at different e-cigarette health costs suggest a potential for harm. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kalkhoran,S., Glantz,S.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4594196 Editors
Modeling the transmission dynamics of Ebola virus disease in Liberia	2015	Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China.; Department of Mathematics, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, P. R. China.; Department of Children's Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Qilu Childr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Scientific reports Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 8-Sep Volume 5 Issue Start Page 13857 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150916; JID: 101563288; OID: NLM: PMC4561958; 2015/05/01 [received]; 2015/08/07 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2045-2322; 2045-2322 Accession Number PMID: 26347015 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1038/srep13857 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26347015 Abstract Ebola virus disease (EVD) has erupted many times in some zones since it was first found in 1976. The 2014 EVD outbreak in West Africa is the largest ever, which has caused a large number of deaths and the most serious country is Liberia during the outbreak period. Based on the data released by World Health Organization and the actual transmission situations, we investigate the impact of different transmission routes on the EVD outbreak in Liberia and estimate the basic reproduction number R0 = 2.012 in the absence of effective control measures. Through sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, we reveal that the transmission coefficients of suspected and probable cases have stronger correlations on the basic reproduction number. Furthermore, we study the influence of control measures (isolation and safe burial measures) on EVD outbreak. It is found that if combined control measures are taken, the basic reproduction number will be less than one and thus EVD in Liberia may be well contained. The obtained results may provide new guidance to prevent and control the spread of disease. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xia,Z.Q., Wang,S.F., Li,S.L., Huang,L.Y., Zhang,W.Y., Sun,G.Q., Gai,Z.T., Jin,Z. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150908 PMCID PMC4561958 Editors
Modelling the Structure and Dynamics of Biological Pathways	2016	The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom.; MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PLoS biology Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS Biol. Pub Date Free Form 10-Aug Volume 14 Issue 8 Start Page e1002530 Other Pages Notes JID: 101183755; 2016/08 [ecollection]; 2016/08/10 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-7885; 1544-9173 Accession Number PMID: 27509052 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002530 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27509052 Abstract There is a need for formalised diagrams that both summarise current biological pathway knowledge and support modelling approaches that explain and predict their behaviour. Here, we present a new, freely available modelling framework that includes a biologist-friendly pathway modelling language (mEPN), a simple but sophisticated method to support model parameterisation using available biological information; a stochastic flow algorithm that simulates the dynamics of pathway activity; and a 3-D visualisation engine that aids understanding of the complexities of a system's dynamics. We present example pathway models that illustrate of the power of approach to depict a diverse range of systems. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors O'Hara,L., Livigni,A., Theo,T., Boyer,B., Angus,T., Wright,D., Chen,S.H., Raza,S., Barnett,M.W., Digard,P., Smith,L.B., Freeman,T.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160810 PMCID Editors
Modifying effect of suicidal ideation on the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors among Korean adolescents	2011	Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi Periodical, Abbrev. J.Prev.Med.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 44 Issue 3 Start Page 118 Other Pages 124 Notes LR: 20150204; JID: 101242972; OID: NLM: PMC3249247; ppublish Place of Publication Korea (South) ISSN/ISBN 2233-4521; 1975-8375 Accession Number PMID: 21617337 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.3.118 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21617337 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Although cigarette smoking is known to be related to the exacerbation of asthma symptoms, several studies have indicated that the prevalence of cigarette smoking among asthmatic adolescents is similar to or even higher than that among non-asthmatic adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors and whether or not the presence of suicidal ideation modifies this relationship among Korean adolescents. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2008 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which included a nationally representative sample of middle and high school students. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cigarette use behaviors among current asthmatics, former asthmatics, and non-asthmatics, after adjusting for gender, grade, school records, socioeconomic status, current alcohol use, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Of 75 238 study participants, 3.5% were current asthmatics and 4.5% were former asthmatics. Compared with non-asthmatics, asthmatics were more likely to report current cigarette use, frequent and heavy cigarette use, and cigarette use before 13 years of age. There were statistically significant interactions between asthma and suicidal ideation in cigarette use behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that asthmatic adolescents are more likely than non-asthmatic adolescents to engage in cigarette use behaviors and the presence of suicidal ideation is an effect modifier of the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors. Particular attention should be paid to the awareness of health risks of cigarette smoking and mental health problems among asthmatic adolescents. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bae,J., Park,E.Y., Park,S.W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3249247 Editors
Molecular and health effects in the upper respiratory tract associated with tobacco smoking other than cigarettes	2019		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of cancer Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 144 Issue 11 Start Page 2635 Other Pages 2643 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Wiley Online Library Data Source google Authors Szyfter, Krzysztof, Napierala, Marta, Florek, Ewa, Braakhuis, Boudewijn JM, Takes, Robert P, Rodrigo, Juan P, Rinaldo, Alessandra, Silver, Carl E, Ferlito, Alfio Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Molecular and health effects in the upper respiratory tract associated with tobacco smoking other than cigarettes	2019		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of cancer Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 144 Issue 11 Start Page 2635 Other Pages 2643 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Wiley Online Library Data Source google Authors Szyfter, Krzysztof, Napierala, Marta, Florek, Ewa, Braakhuis, Boudewijn JM, Takes, Robert P, Rodrigo, Juan P, Rinaldo, Alessandra, Silver, Carl E, Ferlito, Alfio Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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