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WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort descending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protecting the world from secondhand tobacco smoke exposure: where do we stand and where do we go from here? | 2013 | Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. barnoyaj@wudosis.wustl.edu | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
15
Issue
4
Start Page
789
Other Pages
804
Notes
LR: 20150222; GR: HHSN261201100185P/PHS HHS/United States; GR: R03CA153959/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC3601911; 2012/10/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 23072872
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/nts200 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23072872
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Article 8 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control mandates all signatory countries to "protect citizens from exposure to tobacco smoke in workplaces, public transport and indoor public places." Even though there has been great progress in the implementation of Article 8, still most of the world population remains exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS). In this article, we sought to summarize the research that supports Article 8, where do we stand, and current research gaps and future directions. DISCUSSION: Secondhand smoke is an established cause of heart disease and several types of cancer. Additional research is needed to reach final conclusions for diseases where evidence is only suggestive of causality. The only solution to SHS exposure in public places is banning smoking indoors. Research on the gaming industry and nightclubs, particularly in developing countries, needs to be disseminated to support their inclusion in smoke-free laws. Aside from indoor bans, additional research is needed for outdoor and multiunit housing bans and in support of measures that protect children and other vulnerable populations. The impact of smoke-free laws on other health outcomes, besides heart disease and respiratory outcomes, is another area where further research is needed. Thirdhand smoke assessment and health effects are also likely to be a topic of further research. As new tobacco products emerge, evaluating SHS exposure and effects will be vital. CONCLUSIONS: Furthering research in support of Article 8 can contribute to reach the final goal of protecting everyone from SHS exposure.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Barnoya,J., Navas-Acien,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20121015
PMCID
PMC3601911
Editors
|
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| Multi-species biofilms defined from drinking water microorganisms provide increased protection against chlorine disinfection | 2013 | Department of Biological Sciences, Biofilm Research Group, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Biofouling
Periodical, Abbrev.
Biofouling
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
29
Issue
8
Start Page
917
Other Pages
928
Notes
GR: Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; JID: 9200331; 0 (Disinfectants); 0 (Drinking Water); 4R7X1O2820 (Chlorine); 2013/07/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1029-2454; 0892-7014
Accession Number
PMID: 23879183
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1080/08927014.2013.816298 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23879183
Abstract
A model biofilm, formed of multiple species from environmental drinking water, including opportunistic pathogens, was created to explore the tolerance of multi-species biofilms to chlorine levels typical of water-distribution systems. All species, when grown planktonically, were killed by concentrations of chlorine within the World Health Organization guidelines (0.2-5.0 mg l(-1)). Higher concentrations (1.6-40-fold) of chlorine were required to eradicate biofilm populations of these strains, ~70% of biofilms tested were not eradicated by 5.0 mg l(-1) chlorine. Pathogenic bacteria within the model multi-species biofilms had an even more substantial increase in chlorine tolerance; on average ~700-1100 mg l(-1) chlorine was required to eliminate pathogens from the biofilm, 50-300-fold higher than for biofilms comprising single species. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of biofilms showed distinct 3D structures and multiple cell morphologies and arrangements. Overall, this study showed a substantial increase in the chlorine tolerance of individual species with co-colonization in a multi-species biofilm that was far beyond that expected as a result of biofilm growth on its own.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Schwering,M., Song,J., Louie,M., Turner,R.J., Ceri,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130724
PMCID
Editors
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| Polymeric ionic liquid modified stainless steel wire as a novel fiber for solid-phase microextraction | 2013 | Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of separation science
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Sep.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
36
Issue
2
Start Page
369
Other Pages
375
Notes
CI: (c) 2012; JID: 101088554; 0 (Ionic Liquids); 0 (Polymers); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 12597-68-1 (Stainless Steel); 2012/07/07 [received]; 2012/08/28 [revised]; 2012/09/11 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1615-9314; 1615-9306
Accession Number
PMID: 23335459
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1002/jssc.201200644 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23335459
Abstract
A polymeric ionic liquid modified stainless steel wire for solid-phase microextraction was reported. Mercaptopropyl-functionalized stainless steel wire that was formed by co-condensation of tetramethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane via a sol-gel process, which is followed by in situ surface radical chain-transfer polymerization of 1-vinyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate to result in polymeric ionic liquid modified stainless steel wire. The fiber surface was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Coupled with GC, extraction performance of the fiber was tested with phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as model analytes. Effects of extraction and desorption conditions were investigated systematically in our work. RSDs for single-fiber repeatability and fiber-to-fiber reproducibility were less than 7.34 and 16.82%, respectively. The calibration curves were linear in a wide range for all analytes and the detection limits were in the range of 10-60 ng L(-1) . Two real water samples from the Yellow River and local waterworks were applied to test the as-established solid-phase microextraction-GC method with the recoveries of samples spiked at 10 mug L(-1) ranged from 83.35 to 119.24%. The fiber not only exhibited excellent extraction efficiency, but also very good rigidity, stability and durability.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Data Source
Authors
Xu,L., Jia,J., Feng,J., Liu,J., Jiang,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Cigarette packet warning labels can prevent relapse: findings from the International Tobacco Control 4-Country policy evaluation cohort study | 2013 | VicHealth Centre for Tobacco Control, The Cancer Council Victoria, Carlton, Victoria, Australia. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
22
Issue
e1
Start Page
e43
Other Pages
50
Notes
LR: 20150225; GR: 57897/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; GR: 79551/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; GR: C312/A3726/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; GR: P01 CA138389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P01 CA138389/CA/NCI NIH HH
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 22535363
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050254 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22535363
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the links between health warning labels (WLs) on cigarette packets and relapse among recently quit smokers. DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal cohort survey. SETTING: Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA. PARTICIPANTS: 1936 recent ex-smokers (44.4% male) from one of the first six waves (2002-2007) of the International Tobacco Control 4-Country policy evaluation survey, who were followed up in the next wave. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Whether participants had relapsed at follow-up (approximately 1 year later). RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, very frequent noticing of WLs among ex-smokers was associated with greater relapse 1 year later (OR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.09, p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Partos,T.R., Borland,R., Yong,H.H., Thrasher,J., Hammond,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120425
PMCID
PMC3963175
Editors
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| IncI1/ST3 and IncN/ST1 plasmids drive the spread of blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-1/-32 in diverse Escherichia coli clones from different piggeries | 2013 | REQUIMTE, Laboratorio de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Antimicrob.Chemother.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
68
Issue
10
Start Page
2245
Other Pages
2248
Notes
JID: 7513617; EC 3.5.2.- (TEM-52 beta-lactamase); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase CTX-M-32, E coli); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/05/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1460-2091; 0305-7453
Accession Number
PMID: 23719233
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/jac/dkt187 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23719233
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among food animals/products has raised concerns about their possible transmission through the food chain. We aimed to characterize piggeries (pigs, piggery environments) as reservoirs of TEM-52- and CTX-M-encoding plasmids and clones. METHODS: Forty-three samples from five Portuguese intensive production farms were studied (2006-07). Twenty-two ESBL-producing (13 TEM-52, 6 CTX-M-32, 3 CTX-M-1) Escherichia coli isolates from healthy pigs, feed and liquid manure were further characterized. Standard methods were used for clonal (PFGE, MLST) and plasmid (S1-PFGE, replicon typing, pMLST, RFLP) analysis. PCR and sequencing were used for analysis of blaCTX-M genetic context and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. RESULTS: TEM-52 (n = 13/22; 59%), CTX-M-32 (n = 6/22; 27%) and CTX-M-1 (n = 3/22; 14%) were identified in feed (36%), swine faeces (36%), swine hide (9%) and liquid manure (18%) at different farms. Diverse phylogenetic groups and clones were identified among TEM-52 (7 A, 3 B1, 2 B2, 1 D; 8 clones)-producing, CTX-M-1 (1 A, 1 B1, 1 D; 3 clones)-producing and CTX-M-32 (4 A, 2 B1; 4 clones)-producing isolates. However, the ST10 clonal complex was frequent among TEM-52 (n = 6) and CTX-M-32 (n = 3) producers. blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-1/-32 genes were identified within epidemic IncI1/ST3 and IncN/ST1 plasmid variants, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We report for the first time a piggery reservoir for blaTEM-52. The spread of blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-1/-32 within and/or between different piggeries was mostly associated with epidemic plasmids and clones previously identified in humans and other animal hosts in different EU countries, highlighting possible distribution along the food chain.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Rodrigues,C., Machado,E., Peixe,L., Novais,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130529
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Impact of temperature and storage duration on the chemical and odor quality of military packaged water in polyethylene terephthalate bottles | 2013 | Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Michael.Greifenstein@us.army.mil | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Science of the total environment
Periodical, Abbrev.
Sci.Total Environ.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Jul
Volume
456-457
Issue
Start Page
376
Other Pages
383
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0330500; 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Polyethylene Terephthalates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2013/01/06 [received]; 2013/03/06 [revised]; 2013/03/25 [accepted]; 2013/04/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1879-1026; 0048-9697
Accession Number
PMID: 23624011
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.092 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23624011
Abstract
The impact of temperature and storage time on military packaged water (MPW) quality was examined at four temperatures (23.0 degrees C to 60.0 degrees C) for 120 days. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles were filled in California and Afghanistan with unbuffered water treated by reverse osmosis. The US military's water pH long-term potability standard was exceeded, and US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking water pH and odor intensity limits were also exceeded. During a 70 day exposure period, Port Hueneme MPW total organic carbon and total trihalomethane levels increased from
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Greifenstein,M., White,D.W., Stubner,A., Hout,J., Whelton,A.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130430
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| The effect of home-bleaching application on the color and translucency of five resin composites | 2013 | Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin10, Turkey. Electronic address: sevcankurtulmusyilmaz@gmail.com. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
41 Suppl 5
Issue
Start Page
e70
Other Pages
5
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0354422; 0 (CeramX); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dental Materials); 0 (Gradia); 0 (Grandio); 0 (Methacrylates); 0 (Organically Modified Ceramics); 0 (Peroxides); 0 (Tooth Bleaching Agents); 0 (clearfil majesty); 059QF0KO0R (Water
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1879-176X; 0300-5712
Accession Number
PMID: 23313829
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; D; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.jdent.2012.12.007 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23313829
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of home bleaching agents on the color and translucency of resin composites. METHODS: Thirty disc shaped specimens (1mm thick) were fabricated from each resin composite (Reflexions, Grandio, Gradia Direct, Clearfil Majesty Esthetic, Ceram-X Mono) and divided into 3 subgroups as carbamide peroxide (CP, Opalescence 10% PF), hydrogen peroxide (HP, 10% Opalescence Treswhite Supreme) and control group (n=10). Baseline CIE L*a*b* color coordinates were measured with spectrophotometer and translucency parameters (TP) were calculated. CP and HP groups were treated with bleaching agents according to manufacturers' instructions and control group was stored in distilled water (DW) for 14 days. Color and translucency measurements were repeated and color differences were calculated, DeltaE values>3.3 were considered as clinically unacceptable. RESULTS: Clinically unacceptable color change was detected for all resin composites exposed to bleaching agents and there was significant color difference between the control group and bleached specimens (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Kurtulmus-Yilmaz,S., Cengiz,E., Ulusoy,N., Ozak,S.T., Yuksel,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130109
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Ashtrays and signage as determinants of a smoke-free legislation's success | 2013 | Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Smoking and Lung Cancer Research Center, Hellenic Cancer Society, Athens, Greece ; Clinic o | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
PloS one
Periodical, Abbrev.
PLoS One
Pub Date Free Form
4-Sep
Volume
8
Issue
9
Start Page
e72945
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20150422; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC3762932; 2013 [ecollection]; 2013/01/15 [received]; 2013/07/21 [accepted]; 2013/09/04 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1932-6203; 1932-6203
Accession Number
PMID: 24023795
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0072945 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24023795
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Successful smoke-free legislation is dependent on political will, enforcement and societal support. We report the success and pitfalls of a non-enforced nationwide smoke-free legislation in Greece, as well as ways in which compliance and enforcement-related factors, including ashtrays and signage, may impact indoor secondhand smoke (SHS) concentrations. METHODS: A follow-up study of venues (n=150, at baseline, n=75 at 2-year follow-up) in Greece assessed indoor particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM 2.5 ) concentrations attributable to SHS smoke every six months for two years (n=455 venue/measurements). RESULTS: Following the implementation of the 2010 smoke-free legislation, mean PM2.5 concentrations attributable to SHS fell from 175.3 microg/m(3) pre-ban to 84.52 microg/m(3) immediately post-ban, increasing over subsequent waves (103.8 microg/m(3) and 158.2 microg/m(3) respectively). Controlling for potential influential factors such as ventilation, time of day, day of week, city and venue type, all post-ban measurements were still lower than during the pre-ban period (Wave 2 beta: -118.7, Wave 3 beta: -87.6, and Wave 4 beta: -69.9). Outdoor or indoor signage banning smoking was not found to affect SHS concentrations (beta: -10.9, p=0.667 and beta: -18.1, p=0.464 respectively). However, ashtray or ashtray equivalents were strong determinants of the existence of indoor SHS (beta: +67 microg/m(3), p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: While the public may be supportive of smoke-free legislation, adherence may decline rapidly if enforcement is limited or nonexistent. Moreover, enforcement agencies should also focus on the comprehensive removal of ashtray equivalents that could act as cues for smoking within a venue.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Vardavas,C.I., Agaku,I., Patelarou,E., Anagnostopoulos,N., Nakou,C., Dramba,V., Giourgouli,G., Argyropoulou,P., Antoniadis,A., Gourgoulianis,K., Ourda,D., Lazuras,L., Bertic,M., Lionis,C., Connolly,G., Behrakis,P., Hellenic Air Monitoring Study Investigators
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130904
PMCID
PMC3762932
Editors
|
|||
| Menopausal age, related factors and climacteric symptoms in Libyan women | 2013 | Departments of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society
Periodical, Abbrev.
Climacteric
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
16
Issue
1
Start Page
179
Other Pages
184
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9810959; 0 (Coffee); 0 (Tea); 2012/07/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1473-0804; 1369-7137
Accession Number
PMID: 22762366
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3109/13697137.2012.682107 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22762366
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Studies of the menopause have received much attention recently as fluctuating hormone levels are known to influence a woman's mood and well-being. The present study aimed to evaluate the onset of natural menopause in Libyan women together with the prevalence of postmenopause-related symptoms experienced. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tripoli city, from October 2008 to June 2009; 91 women were recruited from urban and rural areas. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and included a number of lifestyle variables. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 53 years, and the median age at menopause for postmenopausal women was 47 years. Out of 20 possible symptoms, the mean number of symptoms was 8.36. The most frequent symptoms were hot flushes and aching in muscles and joints (74.4%). Increasing level of education was positively associated with more symptoms, and increased tea or coffee consumption resulted in fewer symptoms. Of the total subjects, 8.1% reported no symptoms. In the four domains, 87.2% reported physical symptoms, 83.7% reported psychosocial symptoms, 76.6% reported vasomotor symptoms and 48.8% reported sexual symptoms. Our data showed that the most common disease associated with the frequency of menopausal symptoms was osteoarthritis, followed by hypertension, heart diseases and diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: The age of menopause in Libyan women, as in other developing countries, is less than the median age reported for Western women. The menopausal women experienced various symptoms and morbidities as part of a normal life stage, and their quality of life was negatively affected by these symptoms.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Taher,Y.A., Ben Emhemed,H.M., Tawati,A.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120704
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Medical students' tobacco use and attitudes towards tobacco control | 2013 | Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore. young.do@duke-nus.edu.sg | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Medical education
Periodical, Abbrev.
Med.Educ.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
47
Issue
6
Start Page
607
Other Pages
616
Notes
CI: (c) 2013; JID: 7605655; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2012/09/20 [received]; 2012/12/21 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1365-2923; 0308-0110
Accession Number
PMID: 23662878
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1111/medu.12145 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23662878
Abstract
CONTEXT: Despite their important roles as future doctors in tobacco cessation counselling, the high prevalence of tobacco use among medical students may hinder them from advocating tobacco control policies and providing cessation counselling. Promoting this role among medical students is especially important in low- and middle-income countries with high burdens of tobacco use but limited resources for cessation programmes. This study examined the associations between medical students' tobacco use and their attitudes towards tobacco control policies and the roles of health professionals in the provision of tobacco cessation advice. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included data from the large multi-country dataset generated by the Global Health Professions Student Survey, 2005-2008 (n = 36,533 medical students). Thirteen binary dependent variables related to medical students' attitudes towards tobacco control policies and the health professional's role in cessation counselling were examined using random-effects logistic regression, with tobacco use status as the key explanatory variable. Covariates included gender, receipt of cessation training, country-level and gender-specific smoking prevalence, region, and country income group. RESULTS: Current tobacco use was consistently associated with less favourable attitudes towards tobacco control policy and cessation advice. Compared with never users, daily users were less likely to agree that the sale of tobacco products to adolescents should be banned (odds ratio [OR] 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39-0.58) and that health professionals should routinely advise patients to quit smoking (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.41-0.52) or other forms of tobacco use (OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.72-0.97). Daily users were less likely to agree that health professionals who smoke are less likely to advise patients to stop smoking (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.39-0.41). CONCLUSIONS: Medical schools may benefit from a thorough re-evaluation of the scope of tobacco cessation training in their curricula in order to support students in smoking cessation and to shape their attitudes towards tobacco control. Targeting medical students who are current tobacco users in tobacco control efforts may be beneficial, given the cost-effectiveness of providing cessation advice.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Do,Y.K., Bautista,M.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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