WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Prevalence of Hookah smoking in relation to religiosity and familial support in college students of Tabriz, northwest of Iran	2014	Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. poorasl@yahoo.com.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.; Clinical Ps	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of research in health sciences Periodical, Abbrev. J.Res.Health.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Autumn Volume 14 Issue 4 Start Page 268 Other Pages 271 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101480094; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/06/30 [received]; 2014/10/25 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 2228-7809; 2228-7795 Accession Number PMID: 25503281 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 1681 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25503281 Abstract BACKGROUND: Hookah smoking has increased worldwide especially among youth and young adults and has been identified as an emerging threat to public health. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hookah use and related factors in a sample of Iranian college students. METHODS: This study took place in Tabriz (northwest of Iran) in April and May 2011. The randomly selected sample consisted of 1837 college students. Data was collected in a survey. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure religious belief, parental support and risk taking behaviors including hookah smoking. Logistic regression model was performed in data analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of hookah smoking was 8.5% (CI95%: 7.3-9.9). After adjustment, being male (OR= 2.01), living in single house in comparison with living with parents (OR= 2.22), smoking (OR= 5.96) and ever drug abuse (OR= 3.02) were factors associated with students' hookah use. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a low prevalence of hookah smoking in Iranian college female students and revealed some of its associated factors. We demonstrated the co-occurrence of risky behaviors which emphasizes the importance of interventions aimed at reducing or preventing different high risk behaviors simultaneously. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mohammadpoorasl,A., Abbasi Ghahramanloo,A., Allahverdipour,H., Modaresi Esfeh,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking stages in an Iranian adolescent population	2012	Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta Medica Iranica Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Med.Iran. Pub Date Free Form Volume 50 Issue 11 Start Page 746 Other Pages 754 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 14540050R; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 1735-9694; 0044-6025 Accession Number PMID: 23292626 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 22821 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23292626 Abstract The aim of this study is determining the prevalence of smoking stages in adolescents of Tabriz city (northwest of Iran) and identifying the personal, environmental, and psychological factors relating to cigarette smoking. Fifty-seven high schools were randomly selected, and 4903 students were completed a self-administered questionnaire about cigarette smoking and the related risk factors. The association of independent variables with cigarette smoking was evaluated using the ordinal logistic regression model. In total, 17.3% of the participants were experimenters (95% CI: 15.8-18.9) and 5.0% were regular smokers (95% CI: 3.7-6.2). The results showed that the male gender (OR=2.92; CI: 1.94-4.77), age (OR=1.27; CI: 1.02-1.64), having general risk taking behavior (OR=1.50; CI: 1.02-2.21), presence of a cigarette smoker in the family (OR=1.78; CI: 1.23-2.54), friendship with close cigarette smoker friends (OR=2.52; CI: 1.65-3.86), substance abuse experience (OR=8.27; CI: 2.61-25.61), attitude toward cigarette smoking (OR=1.22; CI: 1.10-1.27) and positive thinking about cigarette smoking (OR=1.05; CI: 1.01-1.14) are associated to cigarette smoking in adolescents. The cigarette smoking prevalence is minimal in Tabriz city adolescents, especially in girls; but the experimenter prevalence is considerable. Findings of this study justifies adopting more serious measures in the pre-adolescence and adolescence period. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mohammadpoorasl,A., Nedjat,S., Fakhari,A., Yazdani,K., Rahimi Foroushani,A., Fotouhi,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A persisting secondhand smoke hazard in urban public places: results from fine particulate (PM2.5) air sampling	2011	Department of Public Health, University of Otago Wellington, PO Box 7343 Wellington South, New Zealand. nick.wilson@otago.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The New Zealand medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. N.Z.Med.J. Pub Date Free Form 4-Mar Volume 124 Issue 1330 Start Page 34 Other Pages 47 Notes JID: 0401067; 0 (Hazardous Substances); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: N Z Med J. 2011 Mar 4;124(1330):5-7. PMID: 21681245; epublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 1175-8716; 0028-8446 Accession Number PMID: 21681251 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21681251 Abstract AIM: To assess the need for additional smokefree settings, by measuring secondhand smoke (SHS) in a range of public places in an urban setting. METHODS: Measurements were made in Wellington City during the 6-year period after the implementation of legislation that made indoor areas of restaurants and bars/pubs smokefree in December 2004, and up to 20 years after the 1990 legislation making most indoor workplaces smokefree. Fine particulate levels (PM2.5) were measured with a portable real-time airborne particle monitor. We collated data from our previously published work involving random sampling, purposeful sampling and convenience sampling of a wide range of settings (in 2006) and from additional sampling of selected indoor and outdoor areas (in 2007-2008 and 2010). RESULTS: The "outdoor" smoking areas of hospitality venues had the highest particulate levels, with a mean value of 72 mcg/m3 (range of maximum values 51-284 mcg/m3) (n=20 sampling periods). These levels are likely to create health hazards for some workers and patrons (i.e., when considered in relation to the WHO air quality guidelines). National survey data also indicate that these venues are the ones where SHS exposure is most frequently reported by non-smokers. Areas inside bars that were adjacent to "outdoor" smoking areas also had high levels, with a mean of 54 mcg/m3 (range of maximum values: 18-239 mcg/m3, for n=13 measurements). In all other settings mean levels were lower (means: 2-22 mcg/m3). These other settings included inside traditional style pubs/sports bars (n=10), bars (n=18), restaurants (n=9), cafes (n=5), inside public buildings (n=15), inside transportation settings (n=15), and various outdoor street/park settings (n=22). During the data collection in all settings made smokefree by law, there was only one occasion of a person observed smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that compliance in pubs/bars and restaurants has remained extremely high in this city in the nearly six years since implementation of the upgraded smokefree legislation. The results also highlight additional potential health gain from extending smokefree policies to reduce SHS exposure in the "outdoor" smoking areas of hospitality venues and to reduce SHS drift from these areas to indoor areas. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wilson,N., Edwards,R., Parry,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110304 PMCID Editors
Misperceptions of "light" cigarettes abound: national survey data	2009	Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, Box 7343, Wellington South, New Zealand. nick.wilson@otago.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 8-May Volume 9 Issue Start Page 126 Other Pages 2458-9-126 Notes LR: 20141209; JID: 100968562; 0 (Tars); 0 (tobacco tar); OID: NLM: PMC2695454; 2008/11/04 [received]; 2009/05/08 [accepted]; 2009/05/08 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 19426502 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-9-126 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19426502 Abstract BACKGROUND: Many smokers believe that "light" cigarettes are less harmful than regular cigarettes, which is at variance with the scientific evidence. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) aims to address this problem in Article 11 which deals with misleading labelling of tobacco products. In this study we aimed to determine smokers' use and beliefs concerning "light" and "mild" cigarettes ("lights"), including in relation to ethnicity, deprivation and other socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS: The New Zealand (NZ) arm of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC Project) uses as its sampling frame the NZ Health Survey. This is a national sample with boosted sampling of Maori, Pacific peoples and Asians. From this sample we surveyed adult smokers (n = 1376) about use and beliefs relating to "light" cigarettes. We assessed the associations with smoking "lights" after adjusting for socio-demographic variables, and smoking-related behaviours and beliefs. RESULTS: Many smokers of "lights" believed that smoking "lights" made it easier to quit smoking (25%), that "lights" are less harmful (42%), and that smokers of "lights" take in less tar (43%). Overall most "lights" smokers (60%) had at least one of these three beliefs, a proportion significantly higher than for smokers of "regular" cigarettes at 45% (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.29 - 2.96). While "lights" smokers had significantly lower tobacco consumption and were more aware of smoking harms, they were no more likely to be intending to quit or have made a previous quit attempt. By ethnicity, both Maori and Pacific people were less likely to smoke "lights" than Europeans (aOR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.35 - 0.80 and aOR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.05 - 0.40 respectively). In contrast there was no significant difference by level of deprivation. Roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco smokers were less likely to smoke "light" forms of RYO tobacco while both older and women smokers were more likely to smoke "lights". CONCLUSION: Most "lights" smokers have one or more misperceptions about the product they use, and were no more likely to intend to quit or to have made a quit attempt. In response to such misperceptions, governments could act further to eliminate all misleading tobacco marketing. Ideally, they could not only adopt FCTC requirements, but go further by requiring plain packaging for all tobacco products. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Marketing, Middle Aged, New Zealand, Product Labeling, Smoking, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Socioeconomic Factors, Tars, Tobacco Industry, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wilson,N., Weerasekera,D., Peace,J., Edwards,R., Thomson,G., Devlin,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090508 PMCID PMC2695454 Editors
Exploring the potential for the drift of secondhand smoke from outdoor to indoor dining areas of restaurants in New Zealand	2014	Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand. frederieke.vanderdeen@otago.ac.nz.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The New Zealand medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. N.Z.Med.J. Pub Date Free Form 20-Jun Volume 127 Issue 1396 Start Page 43 Other Pages 52 Notes LR: 20150708; JID: 0401067; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); epublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 1175-8716; 0028-8446 Accession Number PMID: 24997463 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24997463 Abstract AIM: To examine levels of fine particulates of secondhand smoke (SHS) in outdoor dining/smoking areas and the adjacent indoor dining areas of restaurants to assess possible drift via open windows/doors. METHOD: We measured fine particulates (PM2.5 mcg/m(3)) with real-time aerosol monitors as a marker of SHS inside where smoking is banned and outside dining areas (which permit smoking) of eight restaurants in Wellington. We also collected related background data (e.g. number of smokers, time windows/doors were open, etc.). RESULTS: Highest overall mean PM2.5 levels were observed in the outdoor dining areas (38 mcg/m(3)), followed by the adjacent indoor areas (34 mcg/m(3)), the outdoor ambient air (22 mcg/m(3)) and the indoor areas at the back of the restaurant (21 mcg/m(3)). We found significantly higher PM2.5 levels indoor near the entrance compared to indoor near the back of the restaurant (p=0.006) and in the outdoor smoking area compared to outdoor ambient levels (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors van der Deen,F.S., Pearson,A.L., Petrovic,D., Collinson,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140620 PMCID Editors
Levels of second hand smoke in pubs and bars by deprivation and food-serving status: a cross-sectional study from North West England	2006	Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand. Richard.Edwards@otago.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 22-Feb Volume 6 Issue Start Page 42 Other Pages Notes LR: 20140909; JID: 100968562; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC1397813; 2006/01/25 [received]; 2006/02/22 [accepted]; 2006/02/22 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 16504071 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 1471-2458-6-42 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16504071 Abstract BACKGROUND: The UK government proposed introducing partial smokefree legislation for England with exemptions for pubs and bars that do not prepare and serve food. We set out to test the hypothesis that pubs from more deprived areas and non food-serving pubs have higher levels of particulate air pollution. METHODS: We conducted a cross sectional study in four mainly urban areas of the North West of England. We recruited a stratified random sample of 64 pubs divided into four groups based on whether their local population was affluent or deprived (using a UK area based deprivation measure), and whether or not they served food. The timing of air quality monitoring stratified to ensure similar distribution of monitoring by day of the week and time of evening between groups. We used a portable air quality monitor to collect fine particle (PM2.5) levels over a minimum of 30 minutes in areas where smoking was allowed,, and calculated mean time-time weighted average PM2.5 levels. RESULTS: Mean PM2.5 was 285.5 microg/m3 (95% CI 212.7 to 358.3). Mean levels in the four groups were: affluent food-serving pubs (n = 16) 188.1 microg/m3 (95%CI 128.1 to 248.1); affluent non food-serving (n = 16) 186.8 microg/m3 (95%CI 118.9 to 254.3); deprived food-serving (n = 17) 399.4 microg/m3 (95%CI 177.7 to 621.2); and deprived non food-serving (n = 15) 365.7 microg/m3 (195.6 to 535.7). Levels were higher in pubs in deprived communities: mean 383.6 microg/m3 (95% CI 249.2 to 518.0) vs 187.4 microg/m3 (144.8 to 229.9); geometric mean 245.2 microg/m3 vs 151.2 microg/m3 (p = 0.03). There was little difference in particulate levels between food and non food-serving pubs. CONCLUSION: This study adds to the evidence that the UK government's proposals for partial smokefree legislation in England would offer the least protection to the most heavily exposed group--bar workers and customers in non food-serving pubs in deprived areas. The results suggest these proposals would work against the UK government's stated aim to reduce health inequalities. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/statistics & numerical data, Cross-Sectional Studies, England, Environmental Exposure/analysis/statistics & numerical data, Environmental Monitoring, Food Services/statistics & numerical data, Humans, Poverty Areas, Recreation, Restaurants/classification/standards, Sampling Studies, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/statistics & numerical data, Urban Population, Vulnerable Populations Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Edwards,R., Hasselholdt,C. P., Hargreaves,K., Probert,C., Holford,R., Hart,J., Van Tongeren,M., Watson,A. F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20060222 PMCID PMC1397813 Editors
Tuberculosis, smoking and risk for lung cancer incidence and mortality	2016	Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg school of public health, Johns Hopkins Un	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of cancer Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Cancer Pub Date Free Form 13-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160813; CI: (c) 2016; JID: 0042124; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/10/27 [received]; 2016/06/30 [revised]; 2016/08/04 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1097-0215; 0020-7136 Accession Number PMID: 27521774 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1002/ijc.30384 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27521774 Abstract Among the exposures associated with risk for lung cancer, a history of tuberculosis is one potentially important factor, given the high prevalence of tuberculosis worldwide. A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the associations of preexisting pulmonary tuberculosis with lung cancer incidence and mortality. The cohort consisted of 1,607,710 Korean adults covered by the National Health Insurance System who had a biennial national medical examination during 1997-2000. During up to 16 years of follow-up, there were 12,819 incident cases of lung cancer and 9,562 lung cancer deaths. Using Cox proportional hazards models and controlling for age, cigarette smoking and other covariates, the presence of underlying tuberculosis was significantly associated with increased risk for lung cancer incidence (HR 1.37 in men with 95% CI 1.29-1.45; HR 1.49 in women with 95% CI 1.28-1.74) and mortality (HR 1.43 in men with 95% CI 1.34-1.52; HR 1.53 in women with 95% CI 1.28-1.83). We also observed a dose-response relationship between number of cigarettes smoked daily and lung cancer risk. There was no evidence for synergism between a history of tuberculosis and smoking. The elevation in risk is relatively modest, particularly in comparison to that from smoking, and a prior history of TB is not likely to be useful risk indicator for clinical purposes. In populations with high prevalence of tuberculosis, it can be considered for incorporation into models for lung cancer risk prediction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher UICC Data Source Authors Hong,S., Mok,Y., Jeon,C., Jee,S.H., Samet,J.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160813 PMCID Editors
Properties of the Cigarette Dependence Scale and the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence in a representative sample of smokers in Norway	2008	Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway. knut.stavem@klinmed.uio.no	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 103 Issue 9 Start Page 1441 Other Pages 1449 Notes JID: 9304118; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0965-2140; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 18783499 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02278.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18783499 Abstract AIMS: To compare the properties of four measures of dependence to nicotine/tobacco, the 12-item Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-12), the six-item Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and two shorter versions of the same measures. METHODS: In a cross-sectional telephone survey of smokers in a representative general population sample in Norway, we compared the measures. We assessed (i) internal consistency reliability with Cronbach's alpha; (ii) compared item scores; and (iii) tested the validity of the questionnaires. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a smaller convenience sample. RESULTS: Among 1265 respondents (64%), 290 (23%) were daily smokers and included in further analysis. Their mean age was 42 years [standard deviation (SD) 15] and 46% were female. They smoked on average 13 cigarettes per day (SD 6). Internal consistency reliability was 0.61 for the FTND (n = 267) and 0.81 for the CDS-12 (n = 266). Score distributions suggested a floor effect for the FTND. Test-retest reliability was 0.90 for the FTND and 0.97 for the CDS-12 (n = 31). The correlation between the scale scores and a question about the maximum willingness to pay for a cigarette after not smoking all day was 0.36 (P < 0.001) for the FTND (n = 262) and 0.45 (P < 0.001) for the CDS-12 (n = 263). There was little difference in the associations of the two scales or their abbreviated versions with external variables. CONCLUSIONS: Telephone administration was acceptable for both questionnaires, and we have established population reference values for the four scales. The questionnaires were associated with each other and showed similar properties. The findings support the construct validity of the scales. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Norway/epidemiology, Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data, Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Telephone, Tobacco Use Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stavem,K., Rogeberg,O. J., Olsen,J. A., Boe,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Linking Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: the case for Indonesia	2008	Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia. doctjand@indosat.net.id	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 47 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page S11 Other Pages 4 Notes JID: 0322116; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2007/08/02 [received]; 2008/04/19 [revised]; 2008/05/05 [accepted]; 2008/05/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0260; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 18585772 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.05.003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18585772 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Indonesia has the fifth highest rate of annual cigarette consumption per person of all countries worldwide. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) was developed to provide data on youth tobacco use to countries for their development of youth-based tobacco control programs. Data in this report can be used as baseline measures for future evaluation of the tobacco control program implemented by Indonesia's Ministry of Health. METHODS: The 2006 Indonesia GYTS is a school-based survey that included separate samples for Java and Sumatera, representing more than 84% of the population of Indonesia. Each sample used a two-stage cluster sample design that produced representative samples of students in secondary grades 1-3, which are associated with ages 13-15 years. RESULTS: This report shows that more than 1 in 10 students (12.6%) currently smoked cigarettes, with the prevalence among boys (24.5%) significantly higher than among girls (2.3%). Of the students who currently smoked, more than 7 in 10 (75.9%) reported that they desired to stop smoking now. Regarding secondhand smoke exposure, more than 6 in 10 students (64.2%) reported that they were exposed to smoke from other people in their home during the week before the survey. More than 9 in 10 students (92.9%) had seen a lot of advertisements for cigarettes on billboards during the past month and more than 8 in 10 (82.8%) had seen a lot of advertisements for cigarettes in newspapers or in magazines. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco control in Indonesia will likely not move forward until the government evaluates and strengthens existing laws, considers passing new strong laws, and develops protocols for enforcing all laws. The Indonesian government also should strongly consider accession to the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior/psychology, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Indonesia/epidemiology, Male, Population Surveillance/methods, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control/statistics & numerical data, World Health Organization Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Aditama,T. Y., Pradono,J., Rahman,K., Warren,C. W., Jones,N. R., Asma,S., Lee,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080510 PMCID Editors
Impacts of physically active and under-active on clinical outcomes of esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy	2016	Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong Uni	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of cancer research Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Cancer.Res. Pub Date Free Form 1-Jul Volume 6 Issue 7 Start Page 1572 Other Pages 1581 Notes LR: 20160814; JID: 101549944; OID: NLM: PMC4969406; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016 [ecollection]; 2016/06/17 [received]; 2016/06/21 [accepted]; 2016/07/01 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2156-6976; 2156-6976 Accession Number PMID: 27508099 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27508099 Abstract Physical activity has been reported to positively influence quality of life and survival in certain cancers. However, the associations between them in esophageal cancer are previously undefined. The aims of this study are to investigate whether physically active esophageal cancer patients have improved quality of life and lower risk of recurrence as well as death compared with physically inactive patients. We evaluated the relationships between postoperative leisure time physical activity and quality of life and recurrence and death among patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer. We respectively used generalized estimating equations and Cox proportional regression to analysis quality of life and survival, adjusting for known potential confounding factors. Comparing esophageal cancer patients reporting more than 9 MET hours per week of postoperative leisure time physical activity with those reporting less, we found improved quality of life. Additionally, we also found that postoperative leisure time physical activity >/=9 MET hours per week, compared with less, was associated with a 23% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 0.666; 95% CI, 0.481-0.921; P=0.014) and a 53% lower risk of recurrence (HR, 0.306; 95% CI 0.218-0.429; P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wang,L., Wang,C., Guan,S., Cheng,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160701 PMCID PMC4969406 Editors

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