WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Impact of cigarette package health warnings with pictures in Mexico: results from a survey of smokers in Guadalajara	2012	Departamento de Investigaciones sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Salud publica de Mexico Periodical, Abbrev. Salud Publica Mex. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 54 Issue 3 Start Page 254 Other Pages 263 Notes LR: 20121109; GR: P01 CA138389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0404371; 2012/03/08 [received]; 2012/04/25 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Mexico ISSN/ISBN 1606-7916; 0036-3634 Accession Number PMID: 22689163 Language spa SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0036-36342012000300007 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22689163 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of the first pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on cigarette packs in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 1 765 adult smokers from Guadalajara, Mexico, 2010. Logistic regression models were estimated to determine the association between recall of having purchased a pack with a pictorial HWL and psychosocial variables indicating their impact. RESULTS: 58% reported having purchased a pack with one of the pictorial HWLs, and these were considered the exposed population. Exposed smokers reported a greater frequency of thinking about smoking-related risks (34 vs. 25% p=0.003), and thinking about quitting smoking (23 vs. 14% p=0.001). Exposure to pictorial HWLs was also associated with a greater acceptability of HWLs as a means of communicating with smokers (93 vs. 87% p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thrasher,J.F., Perez-Hernandez,R., Arillo-Santillan,E., Barrientos-Gutierrez,I. Original/Translated Title Impacto de las advertencias con pictogramas en las cajetillas de cigarrillos en Mexico: resultados de una encuesta en fumadores de Guadalajara URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The association between tobacco and the risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children and adolescents: analyses from Phase Three of the ISAAC programme	2012	Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. e.mitchell@auckland.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Thorax Periodical, Abbrev. Thorax Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 67 Issue 11 Start Page 941 Other Pages 949 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0417353; 2012/06/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3296; 0040-6376 Accession Number PMID: 22693180 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200901 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22693180 Abstract BACKGROUND: Exposure to parental smoking is associated with wheeze in early childhood, but in 2006 the US Surgeon General stated that the evidence is insufficient to infer a causal relationship between exposure and asthma in childhood and adolescents. AIMS: To examine the association between maternal and paternal smoking and symptoms of asthma, eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis. METHODS: Parents or guardians of children aged 6-7 years completed written questionnaires about symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema, and several risk factors, including maternal smoking in the child's first year of life, current maternal smoking (and amount) and paternal smoking. Adolescents aged 13-14 years self completed the questionnaires on these symptoms and whether their parents currently smoked. RESULTS: In the 6-7-year age group there were 220 407 children from 75 centres in 32 countries. In the 13-14-year age group there were 350 654 adolescents from 118 centres in 53 countries. Maternal and paternal smoking was associated with an increased risk of symptoms of asthma, eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis in both age groups, although the magnitude of the OR is higher for symptoms of asthma than the other outcomes. Maternal smoking is associated with higher ORs than paternal smoking. For asthma symptoms there is a clear dose relationship (1-9 cigarettes/day, OR 1.27; 10-19 cigarettes/day, OR 1.35; and 20+ cigarettes/day, OR 1.56). When maternal smoking in the child's first year of life and current maternal smoking are considered, the main effect is due to maternal smoking in the child's first year of life. There was no interaction between maternal and paternal smoking. CONCLUSIONS: This study has confirmed the importance of maternal smoking, and the separate and additional effect of paternal smoking. The presence of a dose-response effect relationship with asthma symptoms suggests that the relationship is causal, however for eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis causality is less certain. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mitchell,E.A., Beasley,R., Keil,U., Montefort,S., Odhiambo,J., ISAAC Phase Three Study Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120612 PMCID Editors
Should any workplace be exempt from smoke-free law: the Irish experience	2012	School of Physics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 8, Ireland.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental and public health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2012 Issue Start Page 545483 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101516361; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); OID: NLM: PMC3368201; 2012/01/04 [received]; 2012/03/17 [revised]; 2012/03/27 [accepted]; 2012/05/24 [epublish]; ppubli Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1687-9813; 1687-9805 Accession Number PMID: 22693522 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM DOI 10.1155/2012/545483 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22693522 Abstract BACKGROUND: In 2004, the Irish Government introduced national legislation banning smoking in workplaces; with exemptions for "a place of residence". This paper summarises three Irish studies of exempted premises; prisons, psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes. METHODS: PM(2.5) and nicotine were measured in nursing homes and psychiatric hospitals, in addition to ultrafine particles in the hospitals. In the prisons, officers (n = 30) completed exhaled breath Carbon Monoxide (CO) measurements. Questionnaires determined officers' opinion on introducing smoking prohibitions in prisons. Nursing home smoking policies were examined and questionnaires completed by staff regarding workplace secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. FINDINGS: Ultrafine particle concentrations in psychiatric hospitals averaged 130,000 cm(3), approximately 45% higher than Dublin pub (35.5 mug/m(3)) pre ban. PM(2.5) levels in psychiatric hospitals (39.5 mug/m(3)) were similar to Dublin pubs (35.5 mug/m(3)) pre ban. In nursing homes permitting smoking, similar PM(2.5) levels (33 mug/m(3)) were measured, with nicotine levels (0.57 mug/m(3)) four times higher than "non-smoking" nursing homes (0.13 mug/m(3)). In prisons, 44% of non-smoking officers exhibited exhaled breath CO criteria for light to heavy smokers. CONCLUSIONS: With SHS exposure levels in some exempted workplaces similar to Dublin pubs levels pre ban, policies ensuring full protection must be developed and implemented as a right for workers, inmates and patients. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors McCaffrey,M., Goodman,P., Gavigan,A., Kenny,C., Hogg,C., Byrne,L., McLaughlin,J., Young,K., Clancy,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120524 PMCID PMC3368201 Editors
Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment	2012	Department of General Practice, School of Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center,Maastricht, Netherlands.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 13-Jun Volume (6):CD004305. doi Issue 6 Start Page CD004305 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160602; JID: 100909747; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 22696341 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD004305.pub4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22696341 Abstract BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that provision of financial assistance for smokers trying to quit, or reimbursement of their care providers, could lead to an increased rate of successful quit attempts. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this review was to assess the impact of reducing the costs of providing or using smoking cessation treatment through healthcare financing interventions on abstinence from smoking. The secondary objectives were to examine the effects of different levels of financial support on the use and/or prescription of smoking cessation treatment and on the number of smokers making a quit attempt. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register in April 2012. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled trials and interrupted time series studies involving financial benefit interventions to smokers or their healthcare providers or both. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated for individual studies on an intention-to-treat basis and meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. We included economic evaluations when a study presented the costs and effects of two or more alternatives. MAIN RESULTS: We found eleven trials involving financial interventions directed at smokers and healthcare providers.Full financial interventions directed at smokers had a statistically significant favourable effect on abstinence at six months or greater when compared to no intervention (RR 2.45, 95% CI 1.17 to 5.12, I(2) = 59%, 4 studies). There was also a significant effect of full financial interventions when compared to no interventions on the number of participants making a quit attempt (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.32, I(2) = 15%) and use of smoking cessation treatment (NRT: RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.15, I(2) = 43%; bupropion: RR 3.22, 95% CI 1.41 to 7.34, I(2) = 71%; behavioural therapy: RR 1.77, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.65). There was no evidence of an effect on smoking cessation when we pooled two trials of financial incentives directed at healthcare providers (RR 1.16, CI 0.98 to 1.37, I(2) = 0%). Comparisons of full coverage with partial coverage, partial coverage with no coverage, and partial coverage with another partial coverage intervention did not detect significant effects. Comparison of full coverage with partial or no coverage resulted in costs per additional quitter ranging from $119 to $6450. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Full financial interventions directed at smokers when compared to no financial interventions increase the proportion of smokers who attempt to quit, use smoking cessation treatments, and succeed in quitting. The absolute differences are small but the costs per additional quitter are low to moderate. We did not detect an effect on smoking cessation from financial incentives directed at healthcare providers. The methodological qualities of the included studies need to be taken into consideration when interpreting the results. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Reda,A.A., Kotz,D., Evers,S.M., van Schayck,C.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120613 PMCID Editors
Interventions for tobacco cessation in the dental setting	2012	Department of Dental Specialities, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.Carr.Alan@mayo.edu.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 13-Jun Volume (6):CD005084. doi Issue 6 Start Page CD005084 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160602; GR: 1R21DE016024/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA096881/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DE016024/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100909747; NIHMS548637; OID: NLM: NIHMS548637; OID: NLM: PMC3916957; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 22696348 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD005084.pub3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22696348 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco use has significant adverse effects on oral health. Oral health professionals in the dental office or community setting have a unique opportunity to increase tobacco abstinence rates among tobacco users. OBJECTIVES: This review assesses the effectiveness of interventions for tobacco cessation delivered by oral health professionals and offered to cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users in the dental office or community setting. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (1966-November 2011), EMBASE (1988-November 2011), CINAHL (1982-November 2011), Healthstar (1975-November 2011), ERIC (1967-November 2011), PsycINFO (1984-November 2011), National Technical Information Service database (NTIS, 1964-November 2011), Dissertation Abstracts Online (1861-November 2011), Database of Abstract of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE, 1995-November 2011), and Web of Science (1993-November 2011). SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized and pseudo-randomized clinical trials assessing tobacco cessation interventions conducted by oral health professionals in the dental office or community setting with at least six months of follow-up. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently reviewed abstracts for potential inclusion and abstracted data from included trials. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. The primary outcome was abstinence from smoking or all tobacco use (for users of smokeless tobacco) at the longest follow-up, using the strictest definition of abstinence reported. The effect was summarised as an odds ratio, with correction for clustering where appropriate. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistic and where appropriate a pooled effect was estimated using an inverse variance fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: Fourteen clinical trials met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Included studies assessed the efficacy of interventions in the dental office or in a community school or college setting. Six studies evaluated the effectiveness of interventions among smokeless tobacco (ST) users, and eight studies evaluated interventions among cigarette smokers, six of which involved adult smokers in dental practice settings. All studies employed behavioral interventions and only one required pharmacotherapy as an interventional component. All studies included an oral examination component. Pooling all 14 studies suggested that interventions conducted by oral health professionals can increase tobacco abstinence rates (odds ratio [OR] 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44 to 2.03) at six months or longer, but there was evidence of heterogeneity (I(2) = 61%). Within the subgroup of interventions for smokers, heterogeneity was smaller (I(2) = 51%), but was largely attributable to a large study showing no evidence of benefit. Within this subgroup there were five studies which involved adult smokers in dental practice settings. Pooling these showed clear evidence of benefit and minimal heterogeneity (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.70 to 3.35, 5 studies, I(2) = 3%) but this was a posthoc subgroup analysis. Amongst the studies in smokeless tobacco users the heterogeneity was also attributable to a large study showing no sign of benefit, possibly due to intervention spillover to control colleges; the other five studies indicated that interventions for ST users were effective (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.36 to 2.11). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence suggests that behavioral interventions for tobacco cessation conducted by oral health professionals incorporating an oral examination component in the dental office or community setting may increase tobacco abstinence rates among both cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users. Differences between the studies limit the ability to make conclusive recommendations regarding the intervention components that should be incorporated into clinical practice, however, behavioral counselling (typically brief) in c Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Carr,A.B., Ebbert,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120613 PMCID PMC3916957 Editors
Molecular and phenotypic characterisation of extended spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M Escherichia coli from farm animals in Great Britain	2012	Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Research in veterinary science Periodical, Abbrev. Res.Vet.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 93 Issue 3 Start Page 1142 Other Pages 1150 Notes CI: Crown Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 0401300; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2011/12/07 [received]; 2012/04/30 [revised]; 2012/05/07 [accepted]; 2012/06/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1532-2661; 0034-5288 Accession Number PMID: 22704719 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.05.001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22704719 Abstract The aim of this study was to characterise CTX-M Escherichia coli isolates from cattle, chickens and turkeys in Great Britain with respect to CTX-M sequence type, replicon type, ability to transfer plasmids, and for the presence of antibiotic resistance, fitness and virulence genes as determined by micro-arrays. The main CTX-M enzymes identified in E. coli from cattle, chicken and turkeys were 14 and 15, 1 and 15, and 1 and 14 respectively. Most isolates from different animal species transferred their plasmids with similar frequencies. The plasmid replicon type I1-lambda was most common and seen in 23%, 95% and 50% of the isolates tested from cattle, chickens and turkeys respectively, whilst types F, FIA, FIB and K were common to isolates from cattle and turkeys only. Thirty-eight different antibiotic resistance genes were detected by micro-array including aad genes, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, cat genes dfrA, floR, strA, strB, sul, sul2 tetA and tetB. Thirty-nine different fitness and virulence genes were also detected by-micro-array, including espP, ireA, lpfA, mchF, prfB and tsh. Fisher exact test and hierarchical clustering of the antibiotic resistance and virulence gene results showed some genes were more commonly associated with isolates from chickens or cattle. This study provides a baseline of the characteristics of CTX-M E. coli isolates from animals in Great Britain and suggests that chicken and cattle CTX-M E. coli represent different populations. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Elsevier India Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved Data Source Authors Toszeghy,M., Phillips,N., Reeves,H., Wu,G., Teale,C., Coldham,N., Randall,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120615 PMCID Editors
Impact of cigarette packages warning labels in relation to tobacco-smoking dependence and motivation to quit	2012	Sezione igiene, Dipartimento di sanita pubblica e malattie infettive, Universita Sapienza di Roma, Italy. alice.mannocci@uniroma1.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Epidemiologia e prevenzione Periodical, Abbrev. Epidemiol.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Mar-Apr Volume 36 Issue 2 Start Page 100 Other Pages 107 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8902507; ppublish Place of Publication Italy ISSN/ISBN 1120-9763; 1120-9763 Accession Number PMID: 22706360 Language ita SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM DOI 1306 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22706360 Abstract OBJECTIVE: the principal aim was to assess the impact of health warnings on cigarette packages in Italy, the reduction of daily number of cigarette smoked, in relationship to the tobacco-smoking dependence and motivation to quit. The second aim was to compare the impact of text warnings versus graphi depictions. DESIGN: cross-sectional study (survey). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: the study was conducted through interviews to an opportunistic sample of smokers.The subject enrolled were adult smokers (years >/= 18), living in the province of Rome. Data were collected in two outpatient clinics located in Morlupo and Rome. Interviews were administered in the waiting rooms, to patients or to their relatives/ helpers. The survey was conducted in June-September 2010. The sample size (266 participants) was computed using a power of 80%, a confidence level of 95%, an expected frequency of smokers with a low motivation to quit who reduced number of cigarettes due to warnings of 15%, and a frequency of smokers with a higher motivation to quit who reduced number of cigarettes due to warnings of 30%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: the effect of the health warnings used in Italy on smoking reduction was measured with the following self-reported items: "Are you or have you been influenced by the health warnings on cigarettes packages (in relation to the daily number of cigarettes smoked)?"; "Have you changed your smoking habits due to the warnings (for example: don't smoking after a coffee.)?"; "Have you ever stopped smoking due to the warnings?" The effect of labels that used shock images on cigarette boxes was measured using followed self-reported questions: "If shocking images were used on cigarette boxes, would they have greater effect than simple warning text currently used?"; "If your favourite cigarettes brand decide to change the look of its cigarette boxes with shocking images on smoking health damages, would you be driven to change it?" RESULTS: thanks to the health warnings, 95% of the 270 participants were informed on smoking damages, 14% (34 smokers) reduced the number cigarettes per day, and 5% (12 smokers) attempted to quit. Forty-five percent of smokers did not know the real impact of light cigarettes on their health, and 49% decided to smoke light cigarettes after having read the warnings. Women were more susceptible to immediate consequences of smoking (appearance of wrinkles; p/= 45 years (OR=2.54; 95%CI 1.05-6.17), more motivated to quit (OR=2.92; 95%CI 1.17-7.30), those who reported they do not like the smoking smell on their own clothes (OR=3.6; 95%CI 1.4-9.0), those who reported warning messages are important (OR=4.93; 95%CI 1.55-15.71), those who changed their own smoking behavior due the warnings (OR=3.31; 95%CI 1.10-9.99) were more likely to reduce daily number of cigarettes due the health warnings. Forty-seven percent thought that health warnings with text and images could have a higher impact in comparison to text-only warnings. Moreover, women were more motivated to change cigarette brand if a brand should introduce pictorial warnings (OR=2.54; 95%CI 1.41-4.56). CONCLUSION: our study showed some positive effects of the introduction of health warnings on cigarette packages. In fact, almost all were informed on tobacco effects, 14% of them reduced the amount of daily smoking, and 5% attempted to quit. Many smokers still believe that switching to lighter cigarettes (e.g. those with less nicotine and tar contents) reduces smoking-related diseases. More than 50% of smokers recognized the importance of health warnings in communicating health risks of smoking, while women were more impressed than men by shocking pictorial warnings. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mannocci,A., Antici,D., Boccia,A., La Torre,G. Original/Translated Title Impatto delle avvertenze riportate sui pacchetti di sigarette in funzione della dipendenza dal fumo di tabacco e del desiderio di smettere in un campione di fumatori URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
N-[4-(4-Bromo-phen-yl)thia-zol-2-yl]-4-(piperidin-1-yl)butanamide	2012		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 1-Jun Volume 68 Issue Pt 6 Start Page o1665 Other Pages Notes JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3379262; 2012/04/28 [received]; 2012/04/29 [accepted]; 2012/05/12 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 22719460 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536812019204 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22719460 Abstract In the title compound, C(18)H(22)BrN(3)OS, the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation. The mean plane of the thia-zole ring forms dihedral angles of 23.97 (10) and 75.82 (10) degrees with the mean planes of its adjacent benzene and piperidine rings, respectively. An intra-molecular N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bond generates an S(7) ring motif in the mol-ecule. In the crystal, no significant inter-moelcular hydrogen bonds are observed, but a weak pi-pi inter-action with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.8855 (13) A occurs. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ghabbour,H.A., Kadi,A.A., El-Subbagh,H.I., Chia,T.S., Fun,H.K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120512 PMCID PMC3379262 Editors
Determinants of nonmedical use, abuse or dependence on prescription drugs, and use of substance abuse treatment	2013	Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund St, Houston, TX 77030, USA. v.bali4u@gmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP Periodical, Abbrev. Res.Social Adm.Pharm. Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 9 Issue 3 Start Page 276 Other Pages 287 Notes LR: 20150312; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 101231974; 0 (Prescription Drugs); EIN: Res Social Adm Pharm. 2013 Jul-Aug;9(4):495; 2011/09/18 [received]; 2012/04/15 [revised]; 2012/04/16 [accepted]; 2012/06/23 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1934-8150; 1551-7411 Accession Number PMID: 22727534 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.04.008 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22727534 Abstract BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found a negative association between health insurance and nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD), and abuse or dependence on prescription drugs (ADPD); and mixed associations between health insurance and use of substance abuse treatment (SAT). However, effect of health insurance in the specific subgroups of population is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relationship between health insurance and (1) NMUPD, (2) ADPD, and (3) use of SAT services among 12-64 years old, noninstitutionalized individuals and to see if these relationships are different in different subgroups of population. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional survey data from 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: In 2007, self-reported prevalence of NMUPD was approximately 10% (N=15,509,703). In multivariate analysis, NMUPD was negatively associated with health insurance, age, race other than non-Hispanic White, education, marital status, and income ($40,000-$74,999). Past year use of tobacco and alcohol were positively associated with NMUPD. Among those with private health insurance, Hispanics and individuals with family income less than $20,000 and $40,000-$74,999 were more likely prone to NMUPD than others. High school graduates with public health insurance were less likely prone to NMUPD. Approximately, 13% of nonmedical users reported ADPD (N=2,011,229). Health insurance and age were negatively associated with ADPD. However, people who were unmarried, reported fair/poor health, and used tobacco were more likely to report ADPD. Lastly, the use of substance abuse treatment programs was approximately 73% and 76% between NMUPD and ADPD population, respectively. Health insurance was not associated with use of substance abuse treatment. Individuals with high school education were 2.6 times more likely to use substance abuse treatment than the college graduates. Additionally, no significant interaction effects were found between health insurance, and sociodemographic factors on ADPD and the use of substance abuse treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Health insurance had a differential impact on NMUPD only. Among privately insured, Hispanics and individuals reporting family income less than $20,000 were more likely to engage in NMUPD. There is a need to better understand and monitor the use of prescription drugs among these groups. This knowledge can help in developing public health programs and policies that discourage NMUPD among these individuals. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Bali,V., Raisch,D.W., Moffett,M.L., Khan,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120623 PMCID Editors
Contamination of public whirlpool spas: factors associated with the presence of Legionella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli	2013	Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Quebec, QC, Canada. nicholas.brousseau.agence04@ssss.gouv.qc.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental health research Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Health Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 23 Issue 1 Start Page 1 Other Pages 15 Notes JID: 9106628; 2012/06/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1369-1619; 0960-3123 Accession Number PMID: 22731241 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/09603123.2012.678001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22731241 Abstract This work explores the factors associated with contamination of public spas by Legionella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters were measured in water samples from 95 spas inQuebec, Canada. Spa maintenance was documented by a questionnaire. Legionella spp. were detected in 23% of spas, P. aeruginosa in 41% and E. coli in 2%. Bacteria were found in concerning concentrations (Legionella spp. >/= 500 CFU/l, P. aeruginosa >/= 51 CFU/100 ml or E. coli >/= 1 CFU/100 ml) in 26% ofspas. Observed physicochemical parameters frequently differed from recommended guidelines. The following factors decreased the prevalence of concerning microbial contamination: a free chlorine concentration >/= 2 mg/l or total bromine >/= 3 mg/l (p = 0.001), an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) > 650 mV (p = 0.001), emptying and cleaning the spa at least monthly (p = 0.019) and a turbidity = 1 NTU (p = 0.013). Proper regulations and training of spa operators are critical for better maintenance of these increasingly popular facilities. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Brousseau,N., Levesque,B., Guillemet,T.A., Cantin,P., Gauvin,D., Giroux,J.P., Gingras,S., Proulx,F., Cote,P.A., Dewailly,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120625 PMCID Editors

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