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Title Sort ascending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Increasing hookah use in California	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Am J Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 101 Issue 10 Start Page 1876 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 21852640 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Hookah use is gaining popularity nationwide. We determined the correlates and trends for hookah use from the California Tobacco Survey. Between 2005 and 2008 hookah use increased more than 40%, and in 2008, 24.5% of young men reported ever using a hookah. Hookah use was more common among the young (18-24 years), the educated, the non-Hispanic Whites, and the cigarette smokers. Hookah use is increasing in California, especially among young adults, and in 2008 reached the highest prevalence ever reported for both genders. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, California/epidemiology, Continental Population Groups/statistics & numerical data, Data Collection, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Young Adult Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222344/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300196 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Smith,Joshua R., Edland,Steven D., Novotny,Thomas E., Hofstetter,C. R., White,Martha M., Lindsay,Suzanne P., Al-Delaimy,Wael Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Increased self-efficacy to quit and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms predict smoking cessation following nicotine dependence treatment	2011	Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. schnoll@mail.med.upenn.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Jan-Feb Volume 36 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 144 Other Pages 147 Notes LR: 20150224; CI: Copyright (c) 2010; GR: P50 CA143187/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA143187/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA143187-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA126969/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA126969/CA/NCI NI Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 20869812 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial, Phase IV; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.024 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20869812 Abstract AIM: To examine changes in nicotine withdrawal, nicotine craving, self-efficacy to quit smoking, and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms as predictors of smoking cessation following behavioral counseling and nicotine replacement therapy in a sample of smokers. DESIGN AND SETTING: The data were ascertained from a randomized effectiveness trial comparing nicotine patch to nicotine lozenge. Predictors of smoking cessation were assessed at baseline and 5 weeks post-baseline, and 24-hour point prevalence abstinence, biochemically confirmed, was assessed at the end-of-treatment (week 15) and 6 months after a target quit date (week 27). PARTICIPANTS: 642 treatment-seeking smokers randomized to 12 weeks of nicotine patch or nicotine lozenge. FINDINGS: Participants who showed a greater increase in self-efficacy to quit smoking (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16, p=.01) and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04, p=.05) were significantly more likely to have quit smoking at week 15. Participants who showed a greater increase in self-efficacy to quit smoking (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06, p=.01) were significantly more likely to have quit smoking at week 27. Changes in withdrawal symptoms and craving were not related to week 15 or week 27 abstinence rates. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight two relatively under-studied potential psychological predictors of abstinence following treatment for nicotine dependence. Behavioral counseling interventions to promote smoking cessation should help smokers develop confidence in their ability to quit smoking and increase their sense of control over withdrawal symptoms to increase their chances for cessation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Schnoll,R.A., Martinez,E., Tatum,K.L., Glass,M., Bernath,A., Ferris,D., Reynolds,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100924 PMCID PMC2981675 Editors
Incorporation of natural uncultivable Legionella pneumophila into potable water biofilms provides a protective niche against chlorination stress	2009	IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal. salome.giao@deb.uminho.pt	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Biofouling Periodical, Abbrev. Biofouling Pub Date Free Form Volume 25 Issue 4 Start Page 335 Other Pages 341 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 9200331; 0 (Culture Media); 0 (Disinfectants); 0 (Peptide Nucleic Acids); 4R7X1O2820 (Chlorine); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1029-2454; 0892-7014 Accession Number PMID: 19241230 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/08927010902802232 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19241230 Abstract Legionella pneumophila is a waterborne pathogen that has been isolated sporadically from drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). Resistance to disinfectants is mainly attributed to the association of cells with amoebae, but biofilms are also thought to provide some degree of protection. In the present work, a two-stage chemostat was used to form heterotrophic biofilms from drinking water to study the influence of chlorine on the presence of naturally occurring L. pneumophila. The pathogen was tracked in planktonic and sessile biofilm phases using standard culture recovery techniques for cultivable cells and a peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridisation assay for total cells. The results showed that the total number of L. pneumophila cells in biofilms was not affected by the concentrations of chlorine tested, and the presence of L. pneumophila could not be detected by culturing. To restrict the outbreaks of disease caused by this bacterium, efforts need to be concentrated on preventing L. pneumophila from re-entering an infectious state by maintaining residual disinfectant levels through the entire DWDS network so that the resuscitation of cells via contact with amoebae is prevented. Descriptors Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Chlorine/analysis/pharmacology, Colony Count, Microbial, Culture Media, Disinfectants/analysis/pharmacology, Disinfection/methods, Fresh Water/microbiology, Halogenation, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Legionella pneumophila/drug effects/genetics/growth & development/isolation & purification, Peptide Nucleic Acids/genetics, Plankton/growth & development, Water Microbiology, Water Supply Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Giao,M. S., Wilks,S., Azevedo,N. F., Vieira,M. J., Keevil,C. W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Uygur and Han Chinese adults in Urumqi	2012	Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China. nchy69@163.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World journal of gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. World J.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form 28-Dec Volume 18 Issue 48 Start Page 7333 Other Pages 7340 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100883448; 0 (Tea); OID: NLM: PMC3544039; OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/09/14 [received]; 2012/10/31 [revised]; 2012/11/11 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 2219-2840; 1007-9327 Accession Number PMID: 23326142 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3748/wjg.v18.i48.7333 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23326142 Abstract AIM: To investigate the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its related risk factors in Uygur and Han Chinese adult in Urumqi, China. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken in a total of 972 Uygur (684 male and 288 female) aged from 24 to 61 and 1023 Han Chinese (752 male and 271 female) aged from 23 to 63 years. All participants were recruited from the residents who visited hospital for health examination from November 2011 to May 2012. Each participant signed an informed consent and completed a GERD questionnaire (Gerd Q) and a lifestyle-food frequency questionnaire survey. Participants whose Gerd Q score was >/= 8 and met one of the following requirements would be enrolled into this research: (1) being diagnosed with erosive esophagitis (EE) or Barrett's esophagus (BE) by endoscopy; (2) negative manifestation under endoscopy (non-erosive reflux disease, NERD) with abnormal acid reflux revealed by 24-h esophageal pH monitoring; and (3) suffering from typical heartburn and regurgitation with positive result of proton pump inhibitor test. RESULTS: According to Gerd Q scoring criteria, 340 cases of Uygur and 286 cases of Han Chinese were defined as GERD. GERD incidence in Uygur was significantly higher than in Han Chinese (35% vs 28%, chi(2) = 11.09, P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Niu,C.Y., Zhou,Y.L., Yan,R., Mu,N.L., Gao,B.H., Wu,F.X., Luo,J.Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3544039 Editors
IncI1/ST3 and IncN/ST1 plasmids drive the spread of blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-1/-32 in diverse Escherichia coli clones from different piggeries	2013	REQUIMTE, Laboratorio de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 68 Issue 10 Start Page 2245 Other Pages 2248 Notes JID: 7513617; EC 3.5.2.- (TEM-52 beta-lactamase); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase CTX-M-32, E coli); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/05/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1460-2091; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 23719233 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/jac/dkt187 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23719233 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among food animals/products has raised concerns about their possible transmission through the food chain. We aimed to characterize piggeries (pigs, piggery environments) as reservoirs of TEM-52- and CTX-M-encoding plasmids and clones. METHODS: Forty-three samples from five Portuguese intensive production farms were studied (2006-07). Twenty-two ESBL-producing (13 TEM-52, 6 CTX-M-32, 3 CTX-M-1) Escherichia coli isolates from healthy pigs, feed and liquid manure were further characterized. Standard methods were used for clonal (PFGE, MLST) and plasmid (S1-PFGE, replicon typing, pMLST, RFLP) analysis. PCR and sequencing were used for analysis of blaCTX-M genetic context and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. RESULTS: TEM-52 (n = 13/22; 59%), CTX-M-32 (n = 6/22; 27%) and CTX-M-1 (n = 3/22; 14%) were identified in feed (36%), swine faeces (36%), swine hide (9%) and liquid manure (18%) at different farms. Diverse phylogenetic groups and clones were identified among TEM-52 (7 A, 3 B1, 2 B2, 1 D; 8 clones)-producing, CTX-M-1 (1 A, 1 B1, 1 D; 3 clones)-producing and CTX-M-32 (4 A, 2 B1; 4 clones)-producing isolates. However, the ST10 clonal complex was frequent among TEM-52 (n = 6) and CTX-M-32 (n = 3) producers. blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-1/-32 genes were identified within epidemic IncI1/ST3 and IncN/ST1 plasmid variants, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We report for the first time a piggery reservoir for blaTEM-52. The spread of blaTEM-52 and blaCTX-M-1/-32 within and/or between different piggeries was mostly associated with epidemic plasmids and clones previously identified in humans and other animal hosts in different EU countries, highlighting possible distribution along the food chain. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rodrigues,C., Machado,E., Peixe,L., Novais,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130529 PMCID Editors
Incentives for smoking cessation	2015	Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK, OX2 6GG.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 18-May Volume (5):CD004307. doi Issue 5 Start Page CD004307 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160602; JID: 100909747; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 25983287 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD004307.pub5 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25983287 Abstract BACKGROUND: Material or financial incentives are widely used in an attempt to precipitate or reinforce behaviour change, including smoking cessation. They operate in workplaces, in clinics and hospitals, and to a lesser extent within community programmes. In this third update of our review we now include trials conducted in pregnant women, to reflect the increasing activity and resources now targeting this high-risk group of smokers. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether incentives and contingency management programmes lead to higher long-term quit rates. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register, with additional searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The most recent searches were in December 2014, although we also include two trials published in 2015. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomised controlled trials, allocating individuals, workplaces, groups within workplaces, or communities to experimental or control conditions. We also considered controlled studies with baseline and post-intervention measures. We include studies in a mixed-population setting (e.g. community-, work-, institution-based), and also, for this update, trials in pregnant smokers. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: One author (KC) extracted data and a second (JH-B) checked them. We contacted study authors for additional data where necessary. The main outcome measure in the mixed-population studies was abstinence from smoking at longest follow-up, and at least six months from the start of the intervention. In the trials of pregnant smokers abstinence was measured at the longest follow-up, and at least to the end of the pregnancy. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-one mixed-population studies met our inclusion criteria, covering more than 8400 participants. Ten studies were set in clinics or health centres, one in Thai villages served by community health workers, two in academic institutions, and the rest in worksites. All but six of the trials were run in the USA. The incentives included lottery tickets or prize draws, cash payments, vouchers for goods and groceries, and in six trials the recovery of money deposited by those taking part. The odds ratio (OR) for quitting with incentives at longest follow-up (six months or more) compared with controls was 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19 to 1.69; 17 trials, [20 comparisons], 7715 participants). Only three studies demonstrated significantly higher quit rates for the incentives group than for the control group at or beyond the six-month assessment: One five-arm USA trial compared rewards- and deposit-based interventions at individual and group level, with incentives available up to USD 800 per quitter, and demonstrated a quit rate in the rewards groups of 8.1% at 12 months, compared with 4.7% in the deposits groups. A direct comparison between the rewards-based and the deposit-based groups found a benefit for the rewards arms, with an OR at 12 months of 1.76 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.53; 2070 participants). Although more people in this trial accepted the rewards programmes than the deposit programmes, the proportion of quitters in each group favoured the deposit-refund programme. Another USA study rewarded both participation and quitting up to USD 750, and achieved sustained quit rates of 9.4% in the incentives group compared with 3.6% for the controls. A deposit-refund trial in Thailand also achieved significantly higher quit rates in the intervention group (44.2%) compared with the control group (18.8%), but uptake was relatively low, at 10.5%. In the remaining trials, there was no clear evidence that participants who committed their own money to the programme did better than those who did not, or that contingent rewards enhanced success rates over fixed payment schedules. We rated the overall quality of the older studies as low, but with later trials (post-2000) more likely to meet current standards of methodology and reporting.Eight of nine trials with usable data in pre Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cahill,K., Hartmann-Boyce,J., Perera,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150518 PMCID Editors
Incentives for preventing smoking in children and adolescents	2012	Preventable Chronic Diseases Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia. vanessa.johnston@menzies.edu.au.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 17-Oct Volume 10 Issue Start Page CD008645 Other Pages Notes LR: 20130628; JID: 100909747; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 23076949 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD008645.pub2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23076949 Abstract BACKGROUND: Adult smoking usually has its roots in adolescence. If individuals do not take up smoking during this period it is unlikely that they ever will. Further, once smoking becomes established, cessation is challenging; the probability of subsequently quitting is inversely proportional to the age of initiation. One novel approach to reducing the prevalence of youth smoking is the use of incentives. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether incentives prevent children and adolescents from starting to smoke. We also attempted to assess the dose-response of incentives, the costs of incentive programmes, whether incentives are more or less effective in combination with other interventions to prevent smoking initiation and any unintended consequences arising from the use of incentives. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register, with additional searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CSA databases and PsycINFO for terms relating to incentives, in combination with terms for smoking and tobacco use, and children and adolescents. The most recent searches were in May 2012. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomized controlled trials allocating children and adolescents (aged 5 to 18 years) as individuals, groups or communities to intervention or control conditions, where the intervention included an incentive aimed at preventing smoking uptake. We also considered controlled trials with baseline measures and post-intervention outcomes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were extracted by two authors and assessed independently. The primary outcome was the smoking status of children or adolescents at follow-up who reported no smoking at baseline. We required a minimum follow-up of six months from baseline and assessed each included study for risk of bias. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence in each trial; we did not require biochemical validation of self-reported tobacco use for study inclusion. Where possible we combined eligible studies to calculate pooled estimates at the longest follow-up using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect method, grouping studies by study design. MAIN RESULTS: We identified seven controlled studies that met our inclusion criteria, including participants with an age range of 11 to 14 years. Of the seven trials identified, only five had analysable data relevant for this review and contributed to the meta-analysis (6362 participants in total who were non-smokers at baseline; 3466 in intervention and 2896 in control). All bar one of the studies was a trial of the so-called Smokefree Class Competition (SFC), which has been widely implemented throughout Europe. In this competition, classes with youth generally between the ages of 11 to 14 years commit to being smoke free for a six month period. They report regularly on their smoking status; if 90% or more of the class is non-smoking at the end of the six months, the class goes into a competition to win prizes. The one study that was not a trial of the SFC was a controlled trial in which schools in two communities were assigned to the intervention, with schools in a third community acting as controls. Students in the intervention community with lower smoking rates at the end of the project (one school year) received rewards.Only one study of the SFC competition, a non-randomized controlled trial, reported a significant effect of the competition on the prevention of smoking at the longest follow-up. However, this study had a risk of multiple biases, and when we calculated the adjusted RR we no longer detected a statistically significant difference. The pooled RR for the more robust RCTs (3 studies, n = 3056 participants) suggests that, from the available data, there is no statistically significant effect of incentives to prevent smoking initiation among children and adolescents in the long term (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.19). Pooled results from non-randomized trials also did not detect a significant effect, and we wer Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Johnston,V., Liberato,S., Thomas,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121017 PMCID Editors
In vitro susceptibility testing of Aspergillus spp. against voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin	2010	Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chinese medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Chin.Med.J.(Engl) Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 123 Issue 19 Start Page 2706 Other Pages 2709 Notes LR: 20141120; JID: 7513795; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 304NUG5GF4 (Itraconazole); 6TK1G07BHZ (posaconazole); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 0366-6999; 0366-6999 Accession Number PMID: 21034656 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21034656 Abstract BACKGROUND: During recent years, the incidence of serious infections caused by opportunistic fungi has increased dramatically due to alterations of the immune status of patients with hematological diseases, malignant tumors, transplantations and so forth. Unfortunately, the wide use of triazole antifungal agents to treat these infections has lead to the emergence of Aspergillus spp. resistant to triazoles. The present study was to assess the in vitro activities of five antifungal agents (voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin) against different kinds of Aspergillus spp. that are commonly encountered in the clinical setting. METHODS: The agar-based Etest MIC method was employed. One hundred and seven strains of Aspergillus spp. (5 species) were collected and prepared according to Etest Technique Manuel. Etest MICs were determined with RPMI agar containing 2% glucose and were read after incubation for 48 hours at 35 degrees C. MIC(50), MIC(90) and MIC range were acquired by Whonet 5.4 software. RESULTS: The MIC(90) of caspofungin against A. fumigatus, A. flavus and A. nidulans was 0.094 microg/ml whereas the MIC(90) against A. niger was 0.19 microg/ml. For these four species, the MIC(90) of caspofungin was the lowest among the five antifungal agents. For A. terrus, the MIC(90) of posaconazole was the lowest. For A. fumigatus and A. flavus, the MIC(90) in order of increasing was caspofungin, posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B. The MIC of amphotericin B against A. terrus was higher than 32 microg/ml in all 7 strains tested. CONCLUSIONS: The in vitro antifungal susceptibility test shows the new drug caspofungin, which is a kind of echinocandins, has good activity against the five species of Aspergillus spp. and all the triazoles tested have better in vitro activity than traditional amphotericin B. Descriptors Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Aspergillus/drug effects, Echinocandins/pharmacology, Itraconazole/pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pyrimidines/pharmacology, Triazoles/pharmacology, Voriconazole Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shi,J. Y., Xu,Y. C., Shi,Y., Lu,H. X., Liu,Y., Zhao,W. S., Chen,D. M., Xi,L. Y., Zhou,X., Wang,H., Guo,L. N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
In vitro susceptibility of Candida species to four antifungal agents assessed by the reference broth microdilution method	2013	Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University and Universite Bulvari, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full TheScientificWorldJournal Periodical, Abbrev. ScientificWorldJournal Pub Date Free Form 22-Oct Volume 2013 Issue Start Page 236903 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150422; JID: 101131163; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OID: NLM: PMC3819922; 2013 [ecollection]; 2 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1537-744X; 1537-744X Accession Number PMID: 24250260 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1155/2013/236903 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24250260 Abstract This study was performed to determine the distribution of Candida species isolated from the blood cultures of the patients hospitalized in our hospital and to investigate their antifungal susceptibility. Candida strains were identified at species level by using classical methods and API ID 32C (bioMerieux, France) identification kits. The susceptibility of the strains to amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin was evaluated by using the reference broth microdilution method in document M27-A3 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Of the 111 Candida strains isolated, 47.7% were identified as C. albicans and 52.3% as non-albicans Candida strains. The MIC ranges were 0.03-1 mug/mL for amphotericin B, 0.125->/=64 mug/mL for fluconazole, 0.03-16 mug/mL for voriconazole, and 0.015-0.25 mug/mL for caspofungin. All Candida strains were susceptible to amphotericin B and caspofungin. 10.8% isolates were resistant to fluconazole and 8.1% isolates were dose-dependent susceptible. While 0.9% isolate was resistant to voriconazole, 0.9% isolate was dose-dependent susceptible. In our study, C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were the most frequently encountered agents of candidemia and it was detected that voriconazole with a low resistance rate might also be used with confidence in the treatment of infections occurring with these agents, primarily besides amphotericin B and caspofungin. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Eksi,F., Gayyurhan,E.D., Balci,I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131022 PMCID PMC3819922 Editors
In vitro susceptibility of amphotericin-B, voriconazole and caspofungin against Candida guilliermondii biofilms, isolated from dentals units water pipes, under different growth phases	2015	Laboratory of Antibiotics Antifungals: physico-chemistry, synthesis and biological activity, Department of Biology, Tlemcen University, BP119 Imama, Tlemcen, Algeria. Electronic address: wissame85@yahoo.fr.; Laboratory of Antibiotics Antifungals: physico-	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal de mycologie medicale Periodical, Abbrev. J.Mycol.Med. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 25 Issue 1 Start Page 57 Other Pages 62 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9425651; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/08/22 [received]; 2014/10/01 [revised]; 2014/10/30 [accepted]; 2014/11/08 [ Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1773-0449; 1156-5233 Accession Number PMID: 25533329 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.10.027 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25533329 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The dental units water pipes are a favorable medium for biofilms formation because of the small diameter of the pipe and the duration of water stagnation, but the question which arises is the nature of the biofilms which are formed inside? This article gives a progress report on the nature of this microbial contamination and precisely the fungal biofilms formation by examining their susceptibility to antifungal agents under different growth phases. METHODS: Sixteen samples of dental units water pipes were taken from public dental clinic and from stomatology unit at the university hospital of Tlemcen (Algeria). The isolated strains were identified by the conventional mycological methods and were analyzed to determine their minimal concentrations inhibiting their growth (planktonic and sessile forms) using three antifungal agents. RESULTS: Five strains type Candida guilliermondii were identified and analyzed for their resistance to antifungal agents. Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrated the sensitivity of all planktonic Candida guilliermondii cells against amphotericin-B, voriconzole and caspofungin but the sessile cells of these strains revealed a less susceptibility to antifungal agents and even a resistance when the biofilm made mature. CONCLUSION: Several types of yeast contaminated the dental units water pipes and especially Candida guilliermondii that was the most founded. This specie was susceptible to antifungal agents under planctonic forms and resistance where the biofilm made mature. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Masson SAS Data Source Authors Mazari,W., Boucherit-Otmani,Z., Boucherit,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141108 PMCID Editors

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