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Health care providers' adherence to tobacco treatment for waterpipe, cigarette and dual users in Vietnam 2016 Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: donna.shelley@nyumc.org.; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; Institute of Social and
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addictive Behaviors
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
10-Aug
Volume
64
Issue
Start Page
49
Other Pages
53
Notes
LR: 20160820; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 7603486; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/03/18 [received]; 2016/08/07 [revised]; 2016/08/09 [accepted]; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1873-6327; 0306-4603
Accession Number
PMID: 27543834
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
S0306-4603(16)30281-7 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27543834
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Almost half of adult men in Vietnam are current cigarette smokers. Recent surveys also suggest a high prevalence of water pipe use, particularly in rural areas. Yet services to treat tobacco dependence are not readily available. The purpose of this study was to characterize current tobacco use treatment patterns among Vietnamese health care providers and factors influencing adherence to recommended guidelines for tobacco use screening and cessation interventions for water pipe, cigarette and dual users. METHODS: We conducted cross sectional surveys of 929 male current tobacco users immediately after they completed a primary care visit at one of 18 community health centers. RESULTS: Thirty-four percent of smokers used cigarettes only, 24% water pipe only, and 42% were dual users. Overall 12% of patients reported that a provider asked them if they used tobacco products during the visit. Providers were significantly more likely to screen cigarette smokers compared with water pipe or dual users (16%, 9% and 11% respectively). Similarly, 9% of current cigarette smokers received advice to quit compared to 6% of water pipe and 5% of dual users. No patients reported that their health care provider offered them assistance to quit (e.g., self-help materials, referral). CONCLUSION: Despite ratifying the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, Vietnam has not made progress in implementing policies and systems to ensure smokers are receiving evidence-based treatment. High rates of water pipe and dual use indicate a need for health care provider training and policy changes to facilitate treatment for both cigarette and water pipe use.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Data Source
Authors
Shelley,D., Kumar,P., Lee,L., Nguyen,L., Nguyen,T.T., VanDevanter,N., Cleland,C.M., Nguyen,N.T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160810
PMCID
Editors
Prevalence, distribution, and social determinants of tobacco use in 30 sub-Saharan African countries 2014 Department of Population Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Sungai Long, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia. chandrashekharats@yahoo.com.; Department of Community Health Sciences, Patan Academy of Health Scienc
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Med.
Pub Date Free Form
18-Dec
Volume
12
Issue
Start Page
243
Other Pages
014-0243-x
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 101190723; OID: NLM: PMC4296681; 2014/07/20 [received]; 2014/11/21 [accepted]; 2014/12/18 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1741-7015; 1741-7015
Accession Number
PMID: 25518855
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1186/s12916-014-0243-x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25518855
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control prioritizes monitoring of tobacco use by population-based surveys, information about the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use in sub-Saharan Africa is limited. We provide country-level prevalence estimates for smoking and smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and assess their social determinants. METHODS: We analyzed population-based data of the most recent Demographic Health Surveys performed between 2006 and 2013 involving men and women in 30 sub-Saharan African countries. Weighted country-level prevalence rates were estimated for 'current smoking' (cigarettes, pipe, cigars, etc.) and 'current SLT use' (chewing, snuff, etc.). From the pooled datasets for men and women, social determinants of smoking and SLT use were assessed through multivariate analyses using a dummy country variable as a control and by including a within-country sample weight for each country. RESULTS: Among men, smoking prevalence rates were high in Sierra Leone (37.7%), Lesotho (34.1%), and Madagascar (28.5%); low (
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Sreeramareddy,C.T., Pradhan,P.M., Sin,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141218
PMCID
PMC4296681
Editors
Smoking cessation: intentions, attempts and techniques 2009 Department of Population Studies and Surveillance, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue Toronto, Ontario M5G 2L7. scott.leatherdale@cancercare.on.ca
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Health reports
Periodical, Abbrev.
Health Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
20
Issue
3
Start Page
31
Other Pages
39
Notes
LR: 20131213; JID: 9012854; ppublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
0840-6529; 0840-6529
Accession Number
PMID: 19813437
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19813437
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A better understanding of charateristics associated with intentions to quit smoking and quit attempts and of the use of various aids is required to develop effective cessation strategies. DATA AND METHODS: Data from the 2006 Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey were used to examine intentions to quit smoking, quit attempts, use of cessation aids, and receipt of cessation advice from health professionals. RESULTS: One-third of Canadian smokers aged 15 or older reported intentions to quit within the next 30 days, and almost half had tried to quit in the past year. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was associated with intending to quit and quit attempts. The intention to quit was strongly associated with the number of past quit attempts. Half of current smokers who had seen a doctor in the past year had been advised to reduce or quit smoking.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Canada, Female, Humans, Intention, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Leatherdale,S. T., Shields,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Influence of an optically thick water layer on the bond-strength of composite resin to dental enamel after IR laser ablation 2003 Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Lasers in surgery and medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Lasers Surg.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
33
Issue
4
Start Page
264
Other Pages
269
Notes
LR: 20141120; CI: Copyright 2003; GR: 1R01 DE 14554/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8007168; 0 (Composite Resins); 059QF0KO0R (Water); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0196-8092; 0196-8092
Accession Number
PMID: 14571452
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1002/lsm.10229 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
14571452
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several studies of hard tissue ablation with Er:YAG lasers have shown that the addition of an optically thick water layer ( approximately 1 mm) added to the surface of dental enamel before each incident laser pulse, profoundly influences the rate and efficiency of ablation and the resulting surface morphology. The objective of this study was the determination of laser parameters which result in clinically useful bond strengths without the need for phosphoric acid etching. The hypothesis to be tested was that laser irradiation through a relatively thick layer of water would result in a surface to which composite could be bonded with bond strength similar to surfaces etched with phosphoric acid. This hypothesis is predicated on the assumption that the water prevents the formation of non-apatite calcium phosphate phases on the enamel surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a calibrated syringe pump and a motion control system were used to uniformly treat flat enamel surfaces using free-running Er:YAG laser pulses with and without water, and 9.6 mum CO(2) laser pulses on a dry surface for comparison. The rate of water delivery that resulted in the most efficient ablation was determined by profiling the resulting laser incisions using optical coherence tomography. In addition, enamel surfaces of 5 x 5 mm(2) were uniformly treated and the resulting surface morphology was examined using synchrotron radiation-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SR-FTIR), and optical and electron microscopy. The influence of the modified surface morphology on the adhesion of composite resin was investigated. RESULTS: The shear-bond strength of composite bonded to enamel surfaces irradiated at intensities clinically relevant for caries removal approached values measured for conventional acid etching when the water delivery rate was optimized. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that composite restorative materials can be directly bonded to laser prepared surfaces without the necessity of further surface preparation and acid etching and that the addition of a thick water layer ( approximately 1 mm) prevents the formation of undesirable CaP phases that compromise adhesion to restorative materials. 2003.
Descriptors
Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cattle, Composite Resins/radiation effects, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/radiation effects, In Vitro Techniques, Lasers, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Water
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley-Liss, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Staninec,M., Xie,J., Le,C. Q., Fried,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Oral health of dental assistants and patients receiving maintenance--an investigation based on a district of Thuringia, Germany 2013 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of dental hygiene
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Dent.Hyg.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
11
Issue
4
Start Page
253
Other Pages
259
Notes
CI: (c) 2013; JID: 101168070; 0 (Cariostatic Agents); 0 (Mouthwashes); Q80VPU408O (Fluorides); OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/11/09 [accepted]; 2013/01/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1601-5037; 1601-5029
Accession Number
PMID: 23331414
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; D; IM
DOI
10.1111/idh.12013 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23331414
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess data for the oral health behaviour and oral health of dental assistants (DAs) and patients (PTs) who regularly received preventive dental care. METHODS: One-hundred DAs (38.8 years) and 100 PTs (44 years) participated in the study conducted in the Unstrut-Hainich region of Thuringia, Germany. A questionnaire established oral hygiene and smoking habits. The dental examination included the caries index DMF-T, evaluation of the periodontal situation (PSI) as well as gingival inflammation [papilla bleeding index (PBI)]. RESULTS: Seventy-seven DAs and 46 PTs used dental floss regularly. Twenty-four DAs and 27 PTs were smokers. The mean DMF-T of DAs was 12.5, which was significantly lower than the DMF-T of PTs (17.0) (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons A/S
Data Source
Authors
Ziebolz,D., Klopfleisch,S., Fresmann,S., Hornecker,E., Mausberg,R.F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130119
PMCID
Editors
Impact of temperature and storage duration on the chemical and odor quality of military packaged water in polyethylene terephthalate bottles 2013 Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Michael.Greifenstein@us.army.mil
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Science of the total environment
Periodical, Abbrev.
Sci.Total Environ.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Jul
Volume
456-457
Issue
Start Page
376
Other Pages
383
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0330500; 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Polyethylene Terephthalates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2013/01/06 [received]; 2013/03/06 [revised]; 2013/03/25 [accepted]; 2013/04/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1879-1026; 0048-9697
Accession Number
PMID: 23624011
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.092 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23624011
Abstract
The impact of temperature and storage time on military packaged water (MPW) quality was examined at four temperatures (23.0 degrees C to 60.0 degrees C) for 120 days. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles were filled in California and Afghanistan with unbuffered water treated by reverse osmosis. The US military's water pH long-term potability standard was exceeded, and US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking water pH and odor intensity limits were also exceeded. During a 70 day exposure period, Port Hueneme MPW total organic carbon and total trihalomethane levels increased from
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Greifenstein,M., White,D.W., Stubner,A., Hout,J., Whelton,A.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130430
PMCID
Editors
The Prevalence of E-cigarette Use in a Sample of U.S. Air Force Recruits 2015 Department of Preventive Medicine and Center for Population Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee. Electronic address: mlittl18@uthsc.edu.; Department of Preventive Medicine and Center for Population Sciences, Univers
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
49
Issue
3
Start Page
402
Other Pages
408
Notes
LR: 20150824; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: DA 036510-S1/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA-036510/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA036510/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8704773; NIHMS670017; OID: NLM: NIHMS670017 [Available on 09/01/16]; OI
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-2607; 0749-3797
Accession Number
PMID: 25896193
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.amepre.2015.02.019 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25896193
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is increasing markedly in the general population. Yet, remarkably little research exists to examine these ongoing trends in at-risk populations, and nothing is known about the prevalence of e-cigarette use among military personnel. The purpose of the current study is to provide recent (2013-2014) data on the prevalence of regular e-cigarette use in a population of recruits prior to their entry into the U.S. military. METHODS: The study utilized a cross-sectional assessment of e-cigarette and other tobacco and nicotine-containing product (TNCP) use in 2013-2014 among 10,043 U.S. Air Force (USAF) recruits in Technical Training. Chi-square tests, the Cochran-Armitage test for trend, and logistic regression models tested differences and trends across time for e-cigarette use. RESULTS: The rate of e-cigarette use among recruits was 5.2%, which doubled (3% to 6.5%, p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Little,M.A., Derefinko,K.J., Colvin,L., Ebbert,J.O., Bursac,Z., Talcott,G.W., Richey,P.A., Klesges,R.C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150418
PMCID
PMC4546868
Editors
Waterpipe Use and Susceptibility to Cigarette Smoking Among Never-Smoking Youth 2015 Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas. Electronic address: spveeran@utmb.edu.; Department of Community and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.; Depa
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
49
Issue
4
Start Page
502
Other Pages
511
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 8704773; 2014/08/23 [received]; 2015/03/23 [revised]; 2015/03/23 [accepted]; 2015/07/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-2607; 0749-3797
Accession Number
PMID: 26143951
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.amepre.2015.03.035 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26143951
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Susceptibility to cigarette smoking, defined as the lack of a firm decision against smoking, is a strong predictor of regular smoking and addiction. Several modifiable risk factors have been identified among never cigarette smokers, and one potential factor of interest is waterpipe use. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of waterpipe use with susceptibility to cigarette smoking among never-smoking youth. METHODS: In a pooled analysis of 17 Arab nations with nationally representative Global Youth Tobacco Surveys conducted during 2002-2011, tobacco-related information was obtained from 30,711 never-smoking adolescents representing 4,962,872 youth. Study outcome was susceptibility to cigarette smoking, and primary exposure was waterpipe use. Data were analyzed in 2014 using weighted logistic regression models, including stratified models by gender, to determine the odds of susceptibility to cigarette smoking with waterpipe use, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: Overall, 20% of never-smoking youth were susceptible to cigarette smoking, ranging from 13.1% in Oman to 32.6% in Somalia; 5.2% currently used waterpipe, ranging from 0.3% in Morocco to 23.5% in Kuwait. The estimated odds of susceptibility to cigarette smoking were 2.5 (95% CI=1.9, 3.4) times higher for adolescents who used waterpipe in the past month compared with those who did not, controlling for confounders. Estimates were similar when stratified by gender. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe use is associated with susceptibility to cigarette smoking. Study findings identify a novel risk factor for never smokers to initiate smoking and will help the public health community develop and implement policies around waterpipe use prevention.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Veeranki,S.P., Alzyoud,S., Kheirallah,K.A., Pbert,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150703
PMCID
Editors
Secondhand smoke exposure in a rural high school 2007 Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Sch.Nurs.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
23
Issue
4
Start Page
222
Other Pages
228
Notes
JID: 9206498; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1059-8405; 1059-8405
Accession Number
PMID: 17676970
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; N
DOI
1059-8405-23-4-222 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17676970
Abstract
Although federal law requires all public schools to be smoke free, lack of compliance with the smoke-free policy is commonly reported. The aims of this study were to describe the indoor fine-particle (PM(2.5)) air pollution in a rural high school and surrounding public venues. This cross-sectional, nonexperimental study was conducted in Monroe County, Kentucky (population of 11,756). Fine-particle concentrations were measured in the high school and 5 public venues using spectrometers. Because of illegal student smoking, PM(2.5) concentrations were 19 times higher in the boys' student restroom than the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for outdoor air (670 vs. 35 microg/m(3)). The staff restrooms adjacent to the student restroom where staff did not smoke also showed high PM(2.5) levels. Average indoor air pollution in the public venues was 158 microg/m(3). Strict enforcement of smoke-free school policy and cessation resources are needed to reduce secondhand smoke exposure. Collaborative school-community campaigns involving parents, students, mass media, and community organizations may be effective in reducing the harm caused by tobacco. Implications for school nurses are discussed.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Consumer Participation, Cooperative Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Female, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Interinstitutional Relations, Kentucky, Male, Mass Media, Nurse's Role, Public Facilities/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data, Rural Health/statistics & numerical data, School Health Services/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data, School Nursing, Schools/organization & administration, Smoking Cessation, Time Factors, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Toilet Facilities
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lee,K., Hahn,E. J., Riker,C. A., Hoehne,A., White,A., Greenwell,D., Thompson,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Adolescent Electronic Cigarette and Cigarette Use 2015 Department of Preventive Medicine and jtrimis@usc.edu.; Department of Preventive Medicine and.; Department of Preventive Medicine and.; Department of Preventive Medicine and.; Department of Preventive Medicine and.; Department of Preventive Medicine and.;
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Pediatrics
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pediatrics
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
136
Issue
2
Start Page
308
Other Pages
317
Notes
LR: 20160801; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: P50 CA180905/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50CA180905/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0376422; OID: NLM: PMC4516947; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-4275; 0031-4005
Accession Number
PMID: 26216326
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1542/peds.2015-0639 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26216326
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among adolescents has increased since their introduction into the US market in 2007. Little is known about the role of e-cigarette psychosocial factors on risk of e-cigarette or cigarette use in adolescence. METHODS: Information on e-cigarette and cigarette psychosocial factors (use and attitudes about use in the home and among friends) was collected from 11th- and 12th-grade participants in the Southern California Children's Health Study during the spring of 2014. RESULTS: Of 2084 participants, 499 (24.0%) had used an e-cigarette, including 200 (9.6%) current users (past 30 days); 390 participants (18.7%) had smoked a combustible cigarette, and 119 (5.7%) were current cigarette smokers. Cigarette and e-cigarette use were correlated. Nevertheless, 40.5% (n = 81) of current e-cigarette users had never smoked a cigarette. Psychosocial factors (home use of each product, friends' use of and positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and participant perception of the harm of e-cigarettes were strongly positively associated both with e-cigarette and cigarette use. Most youth who reported e-cigarette use had friends who used e-cigarettes, and almost half of current users reported that they did not believe there were health risks associated with e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal studies of adolescents are needed to determine whether the strong association of e-cigarette psychosocial factors with both e-cigarette and cigarette use will lead to increased cigarette use or dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, or whether e-cigarettes will serve as a gateway to cigarette use.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
by the American Academy of Pediatrics
Data Source
Authors
Barrington-Trimis,J.L., Berhane,K., Unger,J.B., Cruz,T.B., Huh,J., Leventhal,A.M., Urman,R., Wang,K., Howland,S., Gilreath,T.D., Chou,C.P., Pentz,M.A., McConnell,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4516947
Editors