WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Predictors of quit attempts and abstinence among smokers not currently interested in quitting	2012	Cancer Prevention & Control, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. jardin@musc.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 14 Issue 10 Start Page 1197 Other Pages 1204 Notes LR: 20150225; GR: K23DA020482/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA021619/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC3457712; 2012/03/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 22387995 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI nts015 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22387995 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Rates of quitting smoking remain stagnant, and thus it is becoming increasingly important to identify determinants of successful quitting behavior. The primary purpose of the current study was to examine predictors of quit attempts and 7-day point prevalence abstinence in a large nationally based sample. The study population consisted exclusively of smokers with minimal interest in quitting in the immediate future, for whom the need to identify facilitating factors of cessation is highly significant. METHODS: Participants consisted of 849 smokers participating in a nationwide population-based randomized controlled trial (RCT) to promote quit attempts and cessation; all participants were not currently interested in cessation. RESULTS: After adjusting for treatment group, and using a multivariate logistic approach, a combination of motivational and self-efficacy variables consistently predicted quit attempts, regardless of how quit attempts were defined (i.e., any self-defined vs. 24 hr). Additionally, a greater number of previous quit attempts significantly predicted making future quit attempts. In terms of achieving short-term abstinence, regardless of whether analyses were restricted to individuals who made prior quit attempts or not, self-efficacy emerged as the only significant consistent predictor. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike previous studies, we did not find strong evidence suggesting unique predictors for making a quit attempt compared with achieving abstinence. Our findings demonstrate that even among smokers not currently interested in quitting, self-efficacy and motivation are key factors in the cessation process. Overall, the findings have important implications, as they highlight factors to target for future treatment. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jardin,B.F., Carpenter,M.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120301 PMCID PMC3457712 Editors
Factors associated with smoking, quit attempts and attitudes towards total smoking bans at university: a survey of seven universities in England, Wales and Northern Ireland	2012	Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom. walidansari@glos.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP Periodical, Abbrev. Asian Pac.J.Cancer.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 13 Issue 2 Start Page 705 Other Pages 714 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101130625; ppublish Place of Publication Thailand ISSN/ISBN 1513-7368; 1513-7368 Accession Number PMID: 22524848 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22524848 Abstract OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the associations between socio-demographic, health and wellbeing variables (independent variables) and daily smoking, attempts to quit smoking, and agreement with smoking ban (dependent variables). METHODS: Data from 3,706 undergraduate students were collected from seven universities in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland using a standardised questionnaire. RESULTS: About 15.8% of the whole sample reported daily smoking, while 12% were occasional smokers. Smoking was significantly more prevalent among males, but the difference was due to a higher rate of occasional smokers. About every second smoker (55%) had attempted to quit smoking. Almost 45% of the whole sample agreed or strongly agreed with implementing a total smoking ban on campus. Daily smoking was more likely among students with not sufficient income, students whose fathers had at least a bachelor degree; and, students who reported binge drinking. Conversely, daily smoking was less likely among students who rated their health as very good/excellent, those who ate >/=5 portions of fruit or vegetables, and those who had never taken illicit drugs. Previous attempt/s to quit smoking were more likely among students who have never taken illicit drugs and those who agreed with a total smoking ban; and less likely among those with not sufficient income. Daily smokers were less likely to report quit attempts as compared to occasional smokers. An agreement with smoking ban was more likely among students who rated their health as very good/excellent, those who ate >/=5 portions of fruit or vegetables daily, and those who had never taken illicit drugs, but less likely among daily smokers. CONCLUSION: Favourable health practices and positive attitudes towards smoking ban were associated with each other. Interventions would need to comprise multi-component programmes that do not solely focus on smoking prevention/cessation, but also on other health promoting practices as well. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors El Ansari,W., Stock,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of exposure biomarkers in offshore workers exposed to low benzene and toluene concentrations	2012	Institut universitaire romand de Sante au Travail, Lausanne, Switzerland. Nancy.Hopf@hospvd.ch	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International archives of occupational and environmental health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.Arch.Occup.Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 85 Issue 3 Start Page 261 Other Pages 271 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7512134; 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Petroleum); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); 3KD92ZL2KH (muconic acid); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); X045WJ989B ( Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1432-1246; 0340-0131 Accession Number PMID: 21671104 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s00420-011-0664-1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21671104 Abstract PURPOSE: Characterize ethylbenzene and xylene air concentrations, and explore the biological exposure markers (urinary t,t-muconic acid (t,t-MA) and unmetabolized toluene) among petroleum workers offshore. Offshore workers have increased health risks due to simultaneous exposures to several hydrocarbons present in crude oil. We discuss the pooled benzene exposure results from our previous and current studies and possible co-exposure interactions. METHODS: BTEX air concentrations were measured during three consecutive 12-h work shifts among 10 tank workers, 15 process operators, and 18 controls. Biological samples were collected pre-shift on the first day of study and post-shift on the third day of the study. RESULTS: The geometric mean exposure over the three work shifts were 0.02 ppm benzene, 0.05 ppm toluene, 0.03 ppm ethylbenzene, and 0.06 ppm xylene. Benzene in air was significantly correlated with unmetabolized benzene in blood (r = 0.69, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hopf,N.B., Kirkeleit,J., Bratveit,M., Succop,P., Talaska,G., Moen,B.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110614 PMCID Editors
The impact of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure on pregnancy outcomes, infant health, and the threat of third-hand smoke exposure to our environment and to our children	2012	Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, California 92354 USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Przeglad lekarski Periodical, Abbrev. Przegl.Lek. Pub Date Free Form Volume 69 Issue 10 Start Page 717 Other Pages 720 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 19840720R; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 0033-2240; 0033-2240 Accession Number PMID: 23421018 Language eng SubFile Editorial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23421018 Abstract Smoking during pregnancy is associated with various adverse effects on pregnancy and fetal development, carries a lot of serious complications such as spontaneous abortion, placental abruption, and reduced birth weight of the newborn. Children of smoking mothers have an increased risk of premature birth, low birth weight, sudden infant death syndrome and respiratory diseases during infancy. Smoking also causes long-term risk of maternal health problems such as: heart disease, cancer, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and higher mortality rate. Because women are more likely to quit smoking during pregnancy than at any other time, there are attempts to increase motivation and help them to stop smoking at the procreative phase of their life. The article describes interventions that are carried out in Loma Linda, where the educational program "When You Smoke Your Baby Smokes" reminds parents about the health effects of smoking during pregnancy and harmful impact on child's health caused by second-hand smoke. Another threat to health and environment of our children, is the nicotine coming from indirect exposure to tobacco smoke. Residual nicotine that persists in high concentrations on the interior surfaces, including clothing, is forming in the reaction of nitric acid carcinogenic compounds of specific nitrosamines. In addition, ozone and related atmospheric oxidants react with nicotine smoke or smoke coming from the second-hand smoke, giving the smallest particles with high risk of asthma. Efforts towards reducing exposure to tobacco smoke coming from the passive and indirect smoking should be placed at a high priority throughout the European Union. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Merritt,T.A., Mazela,J., Adamczak,A., Merritt,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
N-(2-{[5-Bromo-2-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]sulfan-yl}-4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-4- methyl-benzene-sulfonamide	2012		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 1-Aug Volume 68 Issue Pt 8 Start Page o2590 Other Pages 1 Notes LR: 20130304; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3415028; 2012/07/19 [received]; 2012/07/24 [accepted]; 2012/07/28 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 22905015 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536812033375 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22905015 Abstract In the title compound, C(22)H(23)BrN(4)O(4)S(2), the benzene rings bridged by the sulfonamide group are tilted relative to each other by 68.9 (1) degrees and the dihedral angle between the sulfur-bridged pyrimidine and benzene rings is 69.7 (1) degrees . The mol-ecular conformation is stabilized by a weak intra-molecular pi-pi stacking inter-action between the pyrimidine and the 4-methylbenzene rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.934 (2) A]. The morpholine ring adopts a chair conformation and is disordered over two positions with an occupancy ratio of 0.853 (6):0.147 (6). In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds into chains extending along the a axis and further, through C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN and C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO inter-actions, into a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kant,R., Gupta,V.K., Kapoor,K., Kumar,M., Mallesha,L., Sridhar,M.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120728 PMCID PMC3415028 Editors
Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, 2011	2012	Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC, MS K-33, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. dhe0@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Morbidity and mortality weekly report.Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002) Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Surveill.Summ. Pub Date Free Form 8-Jun Volume 61 Issue 4 Start Page 1 Other Pages 162 Notes JID: 101142015; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-8636; 0892-3787 Accession Number PMID: 22673000 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI ss6104a1 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22673000 Abstract PROBLEM: Priority health-risk behaviors, which are behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults, often are established during childhood and adolescence, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated and preventable. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: September 2010-December 2011. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-risk behaviors among youth and young adults: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. In addition, YRBSS monitors the prevalence of obesity and asthma. YRBSS includes a national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) conducted by CDC and state and large urban school district school-based YRBSs conducted by state and local education and health agencies. This report summarizes results from the 2011 national survey, 43 state surveys, and 21 large urban school district surveys conducted among students in grades 9-12. RESULTS: Results from the 2011 national YRBS indicated that many high school students are engaged in priority health-risk behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among persons aged 10-24 years in the United States. During the 30 days before the survey, 32.8% of high school students nationwide had texted or e-mailed while driving, 38.7% had drunk alcohol, and 23.1% had used marijuana. During the 12 months before the survey, 32.8% of students had been in a physical fight, 20.1% had ever been bullied on school property, and 7.8% had attempted suicide. Many high school students nationwide are engaged in sexual risk behaviors associated with unintended pregnancies and STDs, including HIV infection. Nearly half (47.4%) of students had ever had sexual intercourse, 33.7% had had sexual intercourse during the 3 months before the survey (i.e., currently sexually active), and 15.3% had had sexual intercourse with four or more people during their life. Among currently sexually active students, 60.2% had used a condom during their last sexual intercourse. Results from the 2011 national YRBS also indicate many high school students are engaged in behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among adults aged >/= 25 years in the United States. During the 30 days before the survey, 18.1% of high school students had smoked cigarettes and 7.7% had used smokeless tobacco. During the 7 days before the survey, 4.8% of high school students had not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices and 5.7% had not eaten vegetables. Nearly one-third (31.1%) had played video or computer games for 3 or more hours on an average school day. INTERPRETATION: Since 1991, the prevalence of many priority health-risk behaviors among high school students nationwide has decreased. However, many high school students continue to engage in behaviors that place them at risk for the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Variations were observed in many health-risk behaviors by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. The prevalence of some health-risk behaviors varied substantially among states and large urban school districts. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION: YRBS data are used to measure progress toward achieving 20 national health objectives for Healthy People 2020 and one of the 26 leading health indicators; to assess trends in priority health-risk behaviors among high school students; and to evaluate the impact of broad school and community interventions at the national, state, and local levels. More effective school health programs and other policy and programmatic interventions are needed to reduce risk and improve health outcomes among youth. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Eaton,D.K., Kann,L., Kinchen,S., Shanklin,S., Flint,K.H., Hawkins,J., Harris,W.A., Lowry,R., McManus,T., Chyen,D., Whittle,L., Lim,C., Wechsler,H., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Impact of cigarette package health warnings with pictures in Mexico: results from a survey of smokers in Guadalajara	2012	Departamento de Investigaciones sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Salud publica de Mexico Periodical, Abbrev. Salud Publica Mex. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 54 Issue 3 Start Page 254 Other Pages 263 Notes LR: 20121109; GR: P01 CA138389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0404371; 2012/03/08 [received]; 2012/04/25 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Mexico ISSN/ISBN 1606-7916; 0036-3634 Accession Number PMID: 22689163 Language spa SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0036-36342012000300007 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22689163 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of the first pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on cigarette packs in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 1 765 adult smokers from Guadalajara, Mexico, 2010. Logistic regression models were estimated to determine the association between recall of having purchased a pack with a pictorial HWL and psychosocial variables indicating their impact. RESULTS: 58% reported having purchased a pack with one of the pictorial HWLs, and these were considered the exposed population. Exposed smokers reported a greater frequency of thinking about smoking-related risks (34 vs. 25% p=0.003), and thinking about quitting smoking (23 vs. 14% p=0.001). Exposure to pictorial HWLs was also associated with a greater acceptability of HWLs as a means of communicating with smokers (93 vs. 87% p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thrasher,J.F., Perez-Hernandez,R., Arillo-Santillan,E., Barrientos-Gutierrez,I. Original/Translated Title Impacto de las advertencias con pictogramas en las cajetillas de cigarrillos en Mexico: resultados de una encuesta en fumadores de Guadalajara URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Irritable bowel syndrome, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia: overlap analysis using loglinear models	2012	Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arab journal of gastroenterology : the official publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. Arab J.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 13 Issue 1 Start Page 20 Other Pages 23 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 101298363; 2011/08/23 [received]; 2011/12/28 [revised]; 2012/02/29 [accepted]; 2012/04/05 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Egypt ISSN/ISBN 2090-2387; 1687-1979 Accession Number PMID: 22560820 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ajg.2012.02.005 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22560820 Abstract BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and dyspepsia are three most important gastrointestinal disorders which occur frequently together in patients. This study aims to assess the association between IBS, GERD and dyspepsia by using loglinear model analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional household survey, the purpose of which was to find the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms, disorders and the related factors, has been done from May 2006 to December 2007 in Tehran province, Iran. Subjects were interviewed by trained personnel. GERD was diagnosed as the experience of heartburn and/or acid regurgitation at least once a week for the last 3 months. IBS and dyspepsia were diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria. Loglinear models were applied to investigate the simultaneous association between IBS, GERD and dyspepsia. RESULTS: 77.9% of IBS patients had dyspepsia symptoms and 74.7% had GERD symptoms as well at the same time. As for the other two symptoms, 66% of GERD patients were also suffering from dyspepsia. CONCLUSIONS: These three symptoms frequently overlap; the overlap is systematic and not by chance or random. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Arab Journal of Gastroenterology. Published by Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Pourhoseingholi,A., Vahedi,M., Pourhoseingholi,M.A., Ashtari,S., Moghimi-Dehkordi,B., Safaee,A., Zali,M.R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120405 PMCID Editors
Cotinine versus questionnaire: early-life environmental tobacco smoke exposure and incident asthma	2012	Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. carlsten@mail.ubc.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Pediatr. Pub Date Free Form 5-Dec Volume 12 Issue Start Page 187 Other Pages 2431-12-187 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; JID: 100967804; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); OID: NLM: PMC3543177; 2012/06/01 [received]; 2012/11/28 [accepted]; 2012/12/05 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2431; 1471-2431 Accession Number PMID: 23216797 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2431-12-187 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23216797 Abstract BACKGROUND: The use of biomarkers has expanded considerably, as an alternative to questionnaire-based metrics of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); few studies have assessed the affect of such alternative metrics on diverse respiratory outcomes in children, and we aimed to do so. METHODS: We evaluated various measures of birth-year ETS, in association with multiple respiratory endpoints early years of life, in the novel context of a birth cohort at high risk for asthma. We administered questionnaires to parents, both at the end of pregnancy and at one year of life, and measured cotinine in cord blood (CCot; in 275 children) and in urine (UCot; obtained at 12 months in 365 children), each by radioimmunoassay. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association of the various metrics with recurrent wheeze at age 2 and with bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and asthma at age 7. RESULTS: Self-reported 3rd trimester maternal smoking was associated with significantly increased risk for recurrent wheeze at age 2 (odds ratio 3.5 [95% confidence interval = 1.2,10.7]); the risks associated with CCot and 3rd trimester smoking in any family member were similar (OR 2.9 [1.2,7.0] and 2.6 [1.0,6.5], respectively). No metric of maternal smoking at 12 months appeared to significantly influence the risk of recurrent wheeze at age 2, and no metric of ETS at any time appeared to significantly influence risk of asthma or BHR at age 7. CONCLUSIONS: Biomarker- and questionnaire-based assessment of ETS in early life lead to similar estimates of ETS-associated risk of recurrent wheeze and asthma. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Carlsten,C., Dimich-Ward,H., DyBuncio,A., Becker,A.B., Chan-Yeung,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121205 PMCID PMC3543177 Editors
Effectiveness of a web-based cognitive-behavioral tool to improve mental well-being in the general population: randomized controlled trial	2012	Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. john.powell@phc.ox.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 31-Dec Volume 15 Issue 1 Start Page e2 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; ISRCTN/ISRCTN48134476; GR: PDA/02/06/096/Department of Health/United Kingdom; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3636304; 2012/06/26 [received]; 2012/10/04 [accepted]; 2012/10/02 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 23302475 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.2240 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23302475 Abstract BACKGROUND: Interventions to promote mental well-being can bring benefits to the individual and to society. The Internet can facilitate the large-scale and low-cost delivery of individually targeted health promoting interventions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a self-directed Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral skills training tool in improving mental well-being in a population sample. METHODS: This was a randomized trial with a waiting-list control. Using advertisements on a national health portal and through its mailing list, we recruited 3070 participants aged 18 or over, resident in England, and willing to give their email address and access a fully automated Web-based intervention. The intervention (MoodGYM) consisted of 5 interactive modules that teach cognitive-behavioral principles. Participants in the intervention arm received weekly email reminders to access the intervention. The control group received access to the intervention after the trial was completed and received no specific intervention or email reminders. Outcomes were assessed by using self-completion questionnaires. The primary outcome was mental well-being measured with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Secondary outcomes were Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) depression scores, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) anxiety scores, EuroQol Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire (EQ-5D) quality of life scores, physical activity, and health service use. All outcomes were measured at baseline, and at 6- and 12-week follow-ups. RESULTS: A total of 1529 (49.80%) participants completed final follow-up at 12 weeks. Retention was 73.11% (1123/1536) in the control arm and 26.47% (406/1534) in the intervention arm. No relationship between baseline measures and withdrawal could be established. The analysis of WEMWBS mental well-being scores using a linear mixed model for repeated measures showed no difference between intervention and control group at baseline (difference -0.124 points, 95% CI -0.814 to 0.566), and significant improvements for the intervention group at 6 weeks (2.542 points, 95% CI 1.693-3.390) and at 12 weeks (2.876 points, 95% CI 1.933-3.819). The model showed a highly significant (P<.001 intervention="" by="" time="" interaction="" effect.="" there="" were="" also="" significant="" improvements="" in="" self-rated="" scores="" of="" depression="" and="" anxiety.="" given="" the="" high="" level="" attrition="" a="" sensitivity="" analysis="" with="" imputed="" missing="" values="" was="" undertaken="" that="" showed="" positive="" effect="" intervention.="" conclusions:="" participants="" allocated="" to="" arm="" had="" an="" average="" increase="" approximately="" points="" on="" wemwbs="" scale="" compared="" no="" for="" control="" group.="" three="" this="" is="" one-third="" standard="" deviation.="" low-cost="" automated="" designed="" shift="" population="" distribution="" mental="" well-being="" small="" difference="" per="" individual="" could="" yield="" major="" benefit="" terms.="" common="" other="" web-based="" interventions="" rates="" attrition.="" further="" work="" needed="" improve="" acceptability="" evaluate="" against="" placebo="" disaggregate="" from="" trial="" registration:="" international="" randomised="" controlled="" number="" register="" isrctn="" http:="" webcite="" at=""> Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Powell,J., Hamborg,T., Stallard,N., Burls,A., McSorley,J., Bennett,K., Griffiths,K.M., Christensen,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121231 PMCID PMC3636304 Editors

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