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Smoking stages in an Iranian adolescent population 2012 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Print(0)
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Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta Medica Iranica
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Med.Iran.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
50
Issue
11
Start Page
746
Other Pages
754
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 14540050R; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
1735-9694; 0044-6025
Accession Number
PMID: 23292626
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
22821 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23292626
Abstract
The aim of this study is determining the prevalence of smoking stages in adolescents of Tabriz city (northwest of Iran) and identifying the personal, environmental, and psychological factors relating to cigarette smoking. Fifty-seven high schools were randomly selected, and 4903 students were completed a self-administered questionnaire about cigarette smoking and the related risk factors. The association of independent variables with cigarette smoking was evaluated using the ordinal logistic regression model. In total, 17.3% of the participants were experimenters (95% CI: 15.8-18.9) and 5.0% were regular smokers (95% CI: 3.7-6.2). The results showed that the male gender (OR=2.92; CI: 1.94-4.77), age (OR=1.27; CI: 1.02-1.64), having general risk taking behavior (OR=1.50; CI: 1.02-2.21), presence of a cigarette smoker in the family (OR=1.78; CI: 1.23-2.54), friendship with close cigarette smoker friends (OR=2.52; CI: 1.65-3.86), substance abuse experience (OR=8.27; CI: 2.61-25.61), attitude toward cigarette smoking (OR=1.22; CI: 1.10-1.27) and positive thinking about cigarette smoking (OR=1.05; CI: 1.01-1.14) are associated to cigarette smoking in adolescents. The cigarette smoking prevalence is minimal in Tabriz city adolescents, especially in girls; but the experimenter prevalence is considerable. Findings of this study justifies adopting more serious measures in the pre-adolescence and adolescence period.
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mohammadpoorasl,A., Nedjat,S., Fakhari,A., Yazdani,K., Rahimi Foroushani,A., Fotouhi,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Tobacco use in 3 billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys 2012 Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214-8028, USA. ggiovino@buff alo.edu
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Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Lancet (London, England)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Lancet
Pub Date Free Form
18-Aug
Volume
380
Issue
9842
Start Page
668
Other Pages
679
Notes
LR: 20150708; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; GR: G0701732/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; GR: MC_U137686857/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; JID: 2985213R; CIN: Lancet. 2012 Dec 1;380(9857):1906; author reply 1906-7. PMID: 23200498; CIN: Lancet.
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1474-547X; 0140-6736
Accession Number
PMID: 22901888
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61085-X [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22901888
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite the high global burden of diseases caused by tobacco, valid and comparable prevalence data for patterns of adult tobacco use and factors influencing use are absent for many low-income and middle-income countries. We assess these patterns through analysis of data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). METHODS: Between Oct 1, 2008, and March 15, 2010, GATS used nationally representative household surveys with comparable methods to obtain relevant information from individuals aged 15 years or older in 14 low-income and middle-income countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Vietnam). We compared weighted point estimates and 95% CIs of tobacco use between these 14 countries and with data from the 2008 UK General Lifestyle Survey and the 2006-07 US Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. All these surveys had cross-sectional study designs. FINDINGS: In countries participating in GATS, 48.6% (95% CI 47.6-49.6) of men and 11.3% (10.7-12.0) of women were tobacco users. 40.7% of men (ranging from 21.6% in Brazil to 60.2% in Russia) and 5.0% of women (0.5% in Egypt to 24.4% in Poland) in GATS countries smoked a tobacco product. Manufactured cigarettes were favoured by most smokers (82%) overall, but smokeless tobacco and bidis were commonly used in India and Bangladesh. For individuals who had ever smoked daily, women aged 55-64 years at the time of the survey began smoking at an older age than did equivalently aged men in most GATS countries. However, those individuals who had ever smoked daily and were aged 25-34-years when surveyed started to do so at much the same age in both sexes. Quit ratios were very low (
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Giovino,G.A., Mirza,S.A., Samet,J.M., Gupta,P.C., Jarvis,M.J., Bhala,N., Peto,R., Zatonski,W., Hsia,J., Morton,J., Palipudi,K.M., Asma,S., GATS Collaborative Group
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Should any workplace be exempt from smoke-free law: the Irish experience 2012 School of Physics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 8, Ireland.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of environmental and public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Environ.Public.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
2012
Issue
Start Page
545483
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101516361; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); OID: NLM: PMC3368201; 2012/01/04 [received]; 2012/03/17 [revised]; 2012/03/27 [accepted]; 2012/05/24 [epublish]; ppubli
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1687-9813; 1687-9805
Accession Number
PMID: 22693522
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM
DOI
10.1155/2012/545483 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22693522
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In 2004, the Irish Government introduced national legislation banning smoking in workplaces; with exemptions for "a place of residence". This paper summarises three Irish studies of exempted premises; prisons, psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes. METHODS: PM(2.5) and nicotine were measured in nursing homes and psychiatric hospitals, in addition to ultrafine particles in the hospitals. In the prisons, officers (n = 30) completed exhaled breath Carbon Monoxide (CO) measurements. Questionnaires determined officers' opinion on introducing smoking prohibitions in prisons. Nursing home smoking policies were examined and questionnaires completed by staff regarding workplace secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. FINDINGS: Ultrafine particle concentrations in psychiatric hospitals averaged 130,000 cm(3), approximately 45% higher than Dublin pub (35.5 mug/m(3)) pre ban. PM(2.5) levels in psychiatric hospitals (39.5 mug/m(3)) were similar to Dublin pubs (35.5 mug/m(3)) pre ban. In nursing homes permitting smoking, similar PM(2.5) levels (33 mug/m(3)) were measured, with nicotine levels (0.57 mug/m(3)) four times higher than "non-smoking" nursing homes (0.13 mug/m(3)). In prisons, 44% of non-smoking officers exhibited exhaled breath CO criteria for light to heavy smokers. CONCLUSIONS: With SHS exposure levels in some exempted workplaces similar to Dublin pubs levels pre ban, policies ensuring full protection must be developed and implemented as a right for workers, inmates and patients.
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Data Source
Authors
McCaffrey,M., Goodman,P., Gavigan,A., Kenny,C., Hogg,C., Byrne,L., McLaughlin,J., Young,K., Clancy,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120524
PMCID
PMC3368201
Editors
Ethnicity and waterpipe smoking among US students 2012 Institute of Community Health, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. smabughosh@uh.edu
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Tuberc.Lung Dis.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
16
Issue
11
Start Page
1551
Other Pages
1557
Notes
JID: 9706389; 2012/09/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
France
ISSN/ISBN
1815-7920; 1027-3719
Accession Number
PMID: 23006908
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.5588/ijtld.12.0152 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23006908
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of ethnicity on waterpipe smoking among college students. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study utilized data from University of Houston students through an online survey (n = 2334) from March to April 2011. The survey included questions on demographic characteristics (sex, age, race/ethnicity), tobacco use experience, risk perception, social acceptability and popularity. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of waterpipe use with three outcomes: ever-use vs. no use, past-year use vs. no use and past-month use vs. no use. RESULTS: Half of the sample had previously smoked tobacco using a waterpipe, approximately a third in the past year and 12.5% in the past month. Significant predictors included Middle Eastern ethnicity, Middle Eastern friend, past cigarette or cigar use. Perception of harm was associated with less use in the ever-use model, while perceived addictiveness, social acceptability and popularity of waterpipes were predictors in all models. CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the importance of developing culturally appropriate interventions to control waterpipe smoking among Middle Eastern Americans and those of Indian/Pakistani descent to curb further spread in US society, and highlight the importance of developing interventions that target the perceived addictiveness, social acceptability and popularity of waterpipe smoking.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Abughosh,S., Wu,I.H., Peters,R.J., Hawari,F., Essien,E.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120918
PMCID
Editors
Hookah's new popularity among US college students: a pilot study of the characteristics of hookah smokers and their Facebook displays 2012 Center for Child Health Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMJ open
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMJ Open
Pub Date Free Form
12-Dec
Volume
2
Issue
6
Start Page
10.1136/bmjopen
Other Pages
2012-001709. Print 2012
Notes
LR: 20160603; GR: R21 AA017936/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101552874; OID: NLM: PMC3533013; 2012 [ppublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
2044-6055; 2044-6055
Accession Number
PMID: 23242241
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001709 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23242241
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: (1) To confirm the prevalence of hookah use among US college students. (2) To identify substances commonly smoked in hookahs and other substance use characteristics of hookah smokers. (3) Given the powerful influence of Facebook and its potential role in promoting behaviours, to assess the prevalence of hookah references on Facebook profiles. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Two large US universities; www.Facebook.com. PARTICIPANTS: 307 Facebook profiles were coded and 216 of these profile owners completed an online survey. On average, participants were 18.8 years old (SD=0.7), women (54%), Caucasian (70.4%) and approximately half were from each university. OUTCOME MEASURES: Lifetime and frequency of hookah use, substance smoked in hookah, cigarette and marijuana use, hookah references displayed on Facebook. RESULTS: 27.8% of participants endorsed hookah use; there were no significant differences between age, gender, race or university for hookah use. Hookah users reported smoking tobacco (78%), hash (12%) and both tobacco and marijuana/hash (10%) in their hookah. Compared with non-hookah smokers, hookah smokers were more likely to report using cigarettes (OR=3.41, 95%CI=1.2 to 9.64) and marijuana (OR=15.01, 95%CI=6.5 to 34.65). Hookah references were present on 5% of Facebook profiles. CONCLUSIONS: More than one quarter of college students smoke hookah. Most smoke tobacco in their hookah, and hookah smoking is associated with polysubstance use. Hookah may present new risks for nicotine addiction in this population.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Brockman,L.N., Pumper,M.A., Christakis,D.A., Moreno,M.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20121212
PMCID
PMC3533013
Editors
Primary and dual users of cigars and cigarettes: profiles, tobacco use patterns and relevance to policy 2012 Department of Research and Evaluation, Legacy, Washington, DC, USA. arichardson@legacyforhealth.org
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
14
Issue
8
Start Page
927
Other Pages
932
Notes
JID: 9815751; 2012/01/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 22259149
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntr306 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22259149
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act provides an unprecedented opportunity to regulate tobacco in the United States. However, restrictions on little cigars, cigarillos, and large cigars are notably absent from the Act, which may create a favorable environment for increased dual usage of cigars. The purpose of this study is to examine demographic profiles and tobacco use behaviors of dual, as opposed to primary, users of cigarettes and cigars. METHODS: This study used data from a cross-sectional nationally representative survey of 2,649 adult smokers and nonsmokers. Multivariable regression analysis was used to compare the demographic characteristics and tobacco use behaviors of dual users versus cigarette-only smokers. RESULTS: Data indicate that 12.5% of cigarette smokers are dual users of cigars. Dual users are more likely to be male, 18-29 years of age, non-Hispanic Black, of lower educational attainment, and either unemployed or out of the work force. Dual users were less likely than cigarette-only smokers to be daily cigarette smokers (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.02), more likely to have made a recent quit attempt (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.44, 3.97), and more likely to have used at least one other alternative product (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.26, 4.05), including snus, e-cigarettes, dissolvables, and chewing tobacco. CONCLUSIONS: As greater restrictions on cigarettes become implemented in the United States, it will be critical to monitor increased dual use of cigars, in order to inform prevention and treatment strategies and guide more comprehensive policy efforts.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Richardson,A., Xiao,H., Vallone,D.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120117
PMCID
Editors
The neuroprotective effect of vitamin E on chronic sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment: the role of oxidative stress 2012 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. khalzoubi@just.edu.jo
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Behavioural brain research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Behav.Brain Res.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Jan
Volume
226
Issue
1
Start Page
205
Other Pages
210
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 8004872; 0 (Neuroprotective Agents); 1406-18-4 (Vitamin E); EC 1.11.1.6 (Catalase); EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase); GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione); 2011/07/09 [received]; 2011/09/06 [revised]; 2011/09/10 [accepted]
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1872-7549; 0166-4328
Accession Number
PMID: 21944940
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.bbr.2011.09.017 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21944940
Abstract
Sleep deprivation induces oxidative stress and impairs learning and memory processes. Vitamin E, on the other hand, is a strong antioxidant that has neuroprotective effect on the brain. In this study, we examined the potential protective effect of chronic administration of vitamin E on chronic sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment. In addition, possible molecular targets for vitamin E effects on chronic sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment were determined. Sleep deprivation was induced in rats using modified multiple platform model. Vitamin E (100mg/kg) was administered to animals by oral gavage. Behavioral study was conducted to test the spatial learning and memory using the radial arm water maze (RAWM). In addition, the hippocampus was dissected out and antioxidant markers including glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and GSH/GSSG, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed. The results of this project revealed that chronic sleep deprivation impaired both (short- and long-term) memories (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Alzoubi,K.H., Khabour,O.F., Rashid,B.A., Damaj,I.M., Salah,H.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110916
PMCID
Editors
Electronic cigarette use among teenagers and young adults in Poland 2012 Tobacco Dependence Research Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, 55 Philpot Street, London, E1 2JH, UK. m.goniewicz@qmul.ac.uk
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Pediatrics
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pediatrics
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
130
Issue
4
Start Page
e879
Other Pages
85
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 0376422; 0 (Ganglionic Stimulants); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2012/09/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-4275; 0031-4005
Accession Number
PMID: 22987874
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1542/peds.2011-3448 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22987874
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery-powered devices developed with the goal of mimicking the action of smoking, including nicotine delivery, without the toxic effects of tobacco smoke. Little is known about the uptake of e-cigarettes among young people. METHODS: A survey was conducted with a cluster sample of 20240 students enrolled at 176 nationally representative Polish high schools and universities between September 2010 and June 2011. We estimated national e-cigarette prevalence among various demographic groups by using population weights. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate which demographic factors were independent predictors of 2 outcomes: ever use of e-cigarettes and use in the previous 30 days. RESULTS: Among high school students, aged 15 to 19 years, 23.5% had ever used e-cigarettes and 8.2% had done so within the previous 30 days. Among those in universities, aged 20 to 24 years, 19.0% had ever used an e-cigarette and 5.9% had done so in the previous 30 days. In multivariate analyses that controlled for covariates, smoking cigarettes, male gender, living in an urban area, and having parents who smoke were associated with ever use of e-cigarettes. Overall, 3.2% of never smoking students reported ever use of e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: About one-fifth of Polish youth have tried e-cigarettes; most of them had previously smoked cigarettes. It is unclear whether e-cigarettes are just a novelty that young people try only once or whether they have potential to compete in the marketplace with conventional cigarettes.
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Goniewicz,M.L., Zielinska-Danch,W.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120917
PMCID
Editors
Species and susceptibility distribution of 1062 clinical yeast isolates to azoles, echinocandins, flucytosine and amphotericin B from a multi-centre study 2012 Mikrobiologische Beratung and Service, Munchen, Germany Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Vienna, Austria.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Mycoses
Periodical, Abbrev.
Mycoses
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
55
Issue
3
Start Page
e124
Other Pages
37
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: (c) 2012; JID: 8805008; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Azoles); 0 (Echinocandins); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); D83282DT06 (Flucytosine); 2012/01/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1439-0507; 0933-7407
Accession Number
PMID: 22233267
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02165.x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22233267
Abstract
Descriptive values were determined for eight antifungal agents within the course of a multi-centre study encompassing 1062 German and Austrian clinical yeast isolates. Candida albicans (54%) was the predominant species isolated followed by Candida glabrata (22%), Candida parapsilosis (6%), Candida tropicalis (5.7%), Candida krusei (4.3%), as well as eleven further candidal and four non-Candida yeast species. While 519 (48.9%) isolates were tested susceptible to all antifungals tested, no isolate was found to exhibit complete cross resistance. For C. albicans, the proportions of susceptible isolates were 93.2% (amphotericin B), 95.6% (flucytosine), 84.3% (fluconazole), 83.8% (posaconazole), 91.8% (voriconazole), 96.5% (anidulafungin), 96.2% (caspofungin) and 97.6% (micafungin). Patterns of complete parallel resistances were observed within azoles (8.8%) and echinocandins (1.7%). While a decreased susceptibility was found infrequently for echinocandins and flucytosine, it was more common for azoles with highest proportions for isolates of C. glabrata (fluconazole, 40.6%; posaconazole, 37.2%), Candida guilliermondii (fluconazole and posaconazole, each 25.0%), C. krusei (posaconazole, 28.3%; voriconazole, 60%), C. parapsilosis (fluconazole, 70.3%) and C. tropicalis (fluconazole, 62.3%). The descriptive values obtained in this study represent a valid basis for the comparison of recent and future epidemiological surveys to analyse the susceptibility of yeast isolates towards major antifungal substances.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Blackwell Verlag GmbH
Data Source
Authors
Schmalreck,A.F., Willinger,B., Haase,G., Blum,G., Lass-Florl,C., Fegeler,W., Becker,K., Antifungal Susceptibility Testing-AFST Study Group
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120111
PMCID
Editors
Determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in aqueous samples by ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 2012 Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Anal.Bioanal Chem.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
402
Issue
4
Start Page
1723
Other Pages
1730
Notes
LR: 20160512; JID: 101134327; 0 (Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 095I377U8F (musk); 2011/08/07 [received]; 2011/11/11 [accepted]; 2011/11/08 [revised]; 2011/12/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1618-2650; 1618-2642
Accession Number
PMID: 22139524
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s00216-011-5573-3 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22139524
Abstract
A simple and solvent-minimized procedure for the determination of six commonly found synthetic polycyclic musks in aqueous samples using ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is described. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of analytes from water samples were systematically investigated. The best extraction conditions involved the rapid injection of a mixture of 1.0 mL of isopropyl alcohol (as a dispersant) and 10 muL of carbon tetrachloride (as an extractant) into 10 mL of water containing 0.5 g of sodium chloride in a conical-bottom glass tube. After ultrasonication for 1.0 min and centrifugation at 5,000 rpm (10 min), the sedimented phase 1.0 muL was directly injected into the GC-MS system. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) were less than 0.6 ng/L. The precision for these analytes, as indicated by relative standard deviations (RSDs), was less than 11% for both intra- and interday analysis. Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 71 and 104%. Their total concentrations were determined in the range from 8.3 to 63.9 ng/L in various environmental samples by using a standard addition method.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Yang,C.Y., Ding,W.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20111204
PMCID
Editors