WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
High consumption of smokeless tobacco ("snus") predicts increased risk of type 2 diabetes in a 10-year prospective study of middle-aged Swedish men	2012	Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. claes-goran.ostenson@ki.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Scandinavian Journal of Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Scand.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 40 Issue 8 Start Page 730 Other Pages 737 Notes JID: 100883503; 2012/10/31 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Sweden ISSN/ISBN 1651-1905; 1403-4948 Accession Number PMID: 23117209 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1177/1403494812459814 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23117209 Abstract AIMS: Cigarette smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In Sweden and the US, people shift from smoking cigarettes to smokeless tobacco, i.e. oral moist snuff, "snus", to attain harm-reduction. There are limited and conflicting data as to whether snus increases the risk of T2D. The present study investigated if snus use predicts the risk of T2D incidence. METHODS: This is a prospective population-based study where middle-aged Swedish men (n=2,383), without previously diagnosed T2D, were investigated with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline in 1992-94 and at follow-up 10 years later. Odds ratios (ORs) for newly diagnosed T2D at follow-up were assessed among those using snus, or cigarettes, at both baseline and follow-up, adjusted for major confounders. RESULTS: The OR for T2D was not significantly increased in the whole group of snus users. However, the risk of diabetes increased with increasing weekly snus consumption; ORs (CIs) for >four boxes of snus/week were 2.1 (CI 0.9-4.9), and for >five boxes/week 3.3 (CI 1.4-8.1). For comparison, men smoking at baseline and still smoking at follow-up had an increased risk of diabetes compared with never smokers, OR 1.5 (CI 0.8-3.0), most evident for those smoking >15 cigarettes per day, OR 2.4 (CI 1.0-5.8). Tobacco use was associated with estimations of low insulin response (OGTT), but not low insulin sensitivity (HOMA). CONCLUSIONS: High consumption of snus, like smoking, predicts risk of developing T2D. This should be considered when seeking harm-reduction by changing from use of cigarettes to snus. T2D risk from tobacco use may be mediated by effects on beta-cell function. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ostenson,C.G., Hilding,A., Grill,V., Efendic,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121031 PMCID Editors
Quantitative Analyses of Esophageal Cancer Research in Pakistan	2016	Department of Molecular Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory, Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi, Pakistan Email : asif@asifqureshi.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP Periodical, Abbrev. Asian Pac.J.Cancer.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 17 Issue 7 Start Page 3117 Other Pages 3122 Notes JID: 101130625; ppublish Place of Publication Thailand ISSN/ISBN 1513-7368; 1513-7368 Accession Number PMID: 27509939 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27509939 Abstract BACKGROUND: Healthcare research is a neglected discipline in Pakistan and research related to esophageal cancer (ranks 9th in Pakistani males and 5th in females) is no exception in this regard. Particularly, there are no data available to delineate the overall status of esophageal cancer epidemiological studies in Pakistan. This study describes the first ever effort to make a systematic quantification, in an attempt to provide a roadmap to all stakeholders for designing appropriate epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: International (PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge) and local (PakMedinet) scientific databases as well as Google search engine were searched using specified keywords to extract relevant publication. Well defined inclusion criteria were implemented to select publications for final analyses. All data were recorded by at least 3 authors and consensus data were entered into and analyzed for descriptive statistics (such as frequencies, percentages and annual growth rates) using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. RESULTS: A total of 79 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria including 20 publications for which full texts were not available. Of the 79 publications, 59 (74.6%) were original/research publications, 5 (6.3%) were case reports, 4 (5.1%) were research communications, 2 (2.5%) were review articles, 1 was (1.2%) correspondence and 8 (10.1%) were un defined categories. Only 13 Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Qureshi,M.A., Khan,S., Ujjan,I.D., Iqbal,A., Khan,R., Khan,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Nitrogen uptake and preference in a forest understory following invasion by an exotic grass	2011	Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. jmf@illinois.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Oecologia Periodical, Abbrev. Oecologia Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 167 Issue 3 Start Page 781 Other Pages 791 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0150372; 0 (Nitrogen Isotopes); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); 2010/11/08 [received]; 2011/05/12 [accepted]; 2011/05/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1432-1939; 0029-8549 Accession Number PMID: 21625979 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1007/s00442-011-2030-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21625979 Abstract Plant-soil interactions have been proposed as a causative mechanism explaining how invasive plant species impact ecosystem processes. We evaluate whether an invasive plant influences plant and soil-microbe acquisition of nitrogen to elucidate the mechanistic pathways by which invaders might alter N availability. Using a (15)N tracer, we quantify differences in nitrogen uptake and allocation in communities with and without Microstegium vimineum, a shade-tolerant, C(4) grass that is rapidly invading the understories of eastern US deciduous forests. We further investigate if plants or the microbial biomass exhibit preferences for certain nitrogen forms (glycine, nitrate, and ammonium) to gain insight into nitrogen partitioning in invaded communities. Understory native plants and M. vimineum took up similar amounts of added nitrogen but allocated it differently, with native plants allocating primarily to roots and M. vimineum allocating most nitrogen to shoots. Plant nitrogen uptake was higher in invaded communities due primarily to the increase in understory biomass when M. vimineum was present, but for the microbial biomass, nitrogen uptake did not vary with invasion status. This translated to a significant reduction (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fraterrigo,J.M., Strickland,M.S., Keiser,A.D., Bradford,M.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110529 PMCID Editors
The use of allograft and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein for instrumented atlantoaxial fusions	2014	Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Neurological Surg	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World neurosurgery Periodical, Abbrev. World Neurosurg. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 82 Issue 6 Start Page 1369 Other Pages 1373 Notes LR: 20160519; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 101528275; 0 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2); 0 (Recombinant Proteins); 0 (Transforming Growth Factor beta); 0 (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2); CIN: World Neurosurg. 2014 Dec;82(6):1050-1. PMID: 2 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1878-8769; 1878-8750 Accession Number PMID: 23336983 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.wneu.2013.01.083 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23336983 Abstract BACKGROUND: Iliac crest autograft is the historic gold standard for bone grafting, but is associated with a significant patient morbidity. Fusion rates of C1-C2 up to 88.9% using allograft and 96.7% using autologous iliac crest bone graft can be achieved when combined with rigid screw fixation. We sought to determine our fusion rate when combining allograft with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rh-BMP2) and rigid screw fixation. METHODS: We reviewed our experience using allograft, bone morphogenetic protein (rh-BMP2) and screw fixation of C1-C2 in 52 patients and examined indications, surgical technique, fusion rates, and complications. In 28 patients, corticocancellous allograft pieces were laid along decorticated bone after a C2 neurectomy was performed. In 24 patients, unicortical iliac crest allograft was precision-cut to fit between the C1 lamina and C2 spinous processes. RESULTS: Fifty-two C1-C2 fusions were performed with allograft, rh-BMP2, and rigid screw fixation. There were 25 female and 27 male patients ranging in age from 6 to 92 years (mean, 65.8 years). Operative indications included trauma (56%), degenerative disease (21%), rheumatoid arthritis (15%), congenital anomalies (6%), and synovial cyst (2%). The mean follow-up was 23.9 +/- 2.1 months (range, 2-55 months). The mean dose of rh-BMP2 used for all patients was 4.5 mg (range, 2.2-12 mg). In patients who achieved sufficient follow-up, 100% achieved solid fusion: 45/50 Lenke A, 5/50 Lenke B. There were no known complications attributable to the use of rh-BMP2. CONCLUSIONS: The use of small doses of rh-BMP2 added to allograft in addition to rigid screw fixation is a safe and highly effective means of promoting a solid fusion of the atlantoaxial complex and spares the patient the morbidity of iliac crest harvest. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Hood,B., Hamilton,D.K., Smith,J.S., Dididze,M., Shaffrey,C., Levi,A.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130119 PMCID Editors
Neurology and diving	2014	Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: masse010@mc.duke.edu.; Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Handbook of clinical neurology Periodical, Abbrev. Handb.Clin.Neurol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 120 Issue Start Page 959 Other Pages 969 Notes CI: (c) 2014; JID: 0166161; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0072-9752; 0072-9752 Accession Number PMID: 24365363 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4087-0.00063-2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24365363 Abstract Diving exposes a person to the combined effects of increased ambient pressure and immersion. The reduction in pressure when surfacing can precipitate decompression sickness (DCS), caused by bubble formation within tissues due to inert gas supersaturation. Arterial gas embolism (AGE) can also occur due to pulmonary barotrauma as a result of breath holding during ascent or gas trapping due to disease, causing lung hyperexpansion, rupture and direct entry of alveolar gas into the blood. Bubble disease due to either DCS or AGE is collectively known as decompression illness. Tissue and intravascular bubbles can induce a cascade of events resulting in CNS injury. Manifestations of decompression illness can vary in severity, from mild (paresthesias, joint pains, fatigue) to severe (vertigo, hearing loss, paraplegia, quadriplegia). Particularly as these conditions are uncommon, early recognition is essential to provide appropriate management, consisting of first aid oxygen, targeted fluid resuscitation and hyperbaric oxygen, which is the definitive treatment. Less common neurologic conditions that do not require hyperbaric oxygen include rupture of a labyrinthine window due to inadequate equalization of middle ear pressure during descent, which can precipitate vertigo and hearing loss. Sinus and middle ear overpressurization during ascent can compress the trigeminal and facial nerves respectively, causing temporary facial hypesthesia and lower motor neuron facial weakness. Some conditions preclude safe diving, such as seizure disorders, since a convulsion underwater is likely to be fatal. Preventive measures to reduce neurologic complications of diving include exclusion of individuals with specific medical conditions and safe diving procedures, particularly related to descent and ascent. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Massey,E.W., Moon,R.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Association between right-to-left shunts and brain lesions in sport divers	2003	Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Am Steg 20, 35390 Giessen, Germany. Tibo.Gerriets@neuro.med.uni-giessen.de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Aviat.Space Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 74 Issue 10 Start Page 1058 Other Pages 1060 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 7501714; 0 (Contrast Media); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0095-6562; 0095-6562 Accession Number PMID: 14556567 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14556567 Abstract BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that healthy sport divers may develop clinically silent brain damage, based on the association between a finding of multiple brain lesions on MRI and the presence of right-to-left shunt, a pathway for venous gas bubbles to enter the arterial system. METHODS: We performed echocontrast transcranial Doppler sonography in 42 sport divers to determine the presence of a right-to-left shunt. Cranial MRI was carried out using a 1.5 T magnet. A lesion was counted if it was hyperintense on both T2-weighted and T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequences. To test the hypothesis that the occurrence of postdive arterial gas emboli is related to brain lesions on MRI, we measured postdive intravascular bubbles in a subset of 15 divers 30 min after open water scuba dives. RESULTS: Echocontrast transcranial Doppler sonography revealed a right-to-left shunt in 16 of the divers (38%). Only one hyperintensive lesion of the central white matter was found and that was in a diver with no evidence of a right-to-left shunt. Postdive arterial gas emboli were detected in 3 out of 15 divers; they had a right-to-left shunt, but no pathologic findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the theory that right-to-left shunts can serve as a pathway for venous gas bubbles into the arterial circulation. However, we could not confirm an association between brain lesions and the presence of a right-to-left shunt in sport divers. Descriptors Adult, Brain/blood supply/pathology, Brain Diseases/etiology/physiopathology, Cerebral Arteries/abnormalities, Contrast Media/administration & dosage, Decompression Sickness/etiology/physiopathology, Diving/adverse effects, Echoencephalography, Embolism, Air/physiopathology, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Ultrasonography, Doppler Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gerriets,T., Tetzlaff,K., Hutzelmann,A., Liceni,T., Kopiske,G., Struck,N., Reuter,M., Kaps,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Arteriovenous bubbles following cold water sport dives: relation to right-to-left shunting	2000	Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Neurology Periodical, Abbrev. Neurology Pub Date Free Form 12-Dec Volume 55 Issue 11 Start Page 1741 Other Pages 1743 Notes LR: 20081121; JID: 0401060; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0028-3878; 0028-3878 Accession Number PMID: 11113236 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11113236 Abstract Neurologic injury subsequent to decompression from diving may be due to paradoxical arterialization of venous gas emboli. Of 40 divers who performed 53 open water dives after being tested for a patent foramen ovale (PFO), arterial gas emboli were detected in 7 of 13 dives, which resulted in venous bubbles. In five of these seven dives, there was evidence of a PFO by contrast transcranial Doppler sonography, indicating an increased risk of arterializing venous bubbles in divers with a PFO. Descriptors Adult, Cold Temperature/adverse effects, Decompression Sickness, Diving, Embolism, Air/physiopathology/ultrasonography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ultrasonography, Doppler Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gerriets,T., Tetzlaff,K., Liceni,T., Schafer,C., Rosengarten,B., Kopiske,G., Algermissen,C., Struck,N., Kaps,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Two men with multiple disabilities carry out an assembly work activity with the support of a technology system	2013	Department of Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari , 70100 Bari , Italy.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Developmental neurorehabilitation Periodical, Abbrev. Dev.Neurorehabil Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 5 Start Page 332 Other Pages 339 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101304394; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1751-8431; 1751-8423 Accession Number PMID: 24020878 Language eng SubFile Case Reports; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.3310/phr04020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24020878 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess whether two persons with multiple disabilities could learn a work activity (i.e., assembling trolley wheels) with the support of a technology system. METHOD: After an initial baseline, the study compared the effects of intervention sessions relying on the technology system (which called the participants to the different workstations and provided feedback and final stimulation) with the effects of intervention sessions carried out without technology. The two types of intervention sessions were conducted according to an alternating treatments design. Eventually, only intervention sessions relying on the technology system were used. RESULTS: Both participants managed to assemble wheels independently during intervention sessions relying on the technology system while they failed during sessions without the system. Their performance was strengthened during the final part of the study, in which only sessions with the system occurred. CONCLUSION: Technology may be critical in helping persons with multiple disabilities manage multi-step work activities. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lancioni,G.E., Singh,N.N., O'Reilly,M.F., Green,V.A., Oliva,D., Campodonico,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Central nervous system involvement in patients with decompression illness	2003	Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sangyo eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health Periodical, Abbrev. Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi Pub Date Free Form May Volume 45 Issue 3 Start Page 97 Other Pages 104 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 9507473; RF: 54; ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1341-0725; 1341-0725 Accession Number PMID: 12833851 Language jpn SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Review; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12833851 Abstract Dysbarism or decompression illness (DCI), a general term applied to all pathological changes secondary to altered environmental pressure, has two forms decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE) after pulmonary barotrauma. Cerebral and spinal disorders have been symptomatically categorized as AGE and DCS, respectively. Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of divers with DCI showed multiple cerebral infarction in the terminal and border zones of the brain arteries. In addition, there were no differences between MRI findings for compressed air and breath-hold divers. Although the pathogenesis of the brain is not well understood, we propose that arterialized bubbles passing through the lungs and heart involved the brain. From the mechanisms of bubble formation, however, this disorder has been classified as DCS. We propose that there is a difference between clinical and mechanical diagnoses in the criteria of brain DCI. In contrast to brain injury, the spinal cord is involved only in compressed air divers, and is caused by disturbed venous circulation due to bubbles in the epidural space. The best approach to prevent diving accidents is to make known the problems for professional and amateur divers. Descriptors Central Nervous System/pathology, Decompression Sickness/diagnosis/etiology/pathology/therapy, Diving/adverse effects, Embolism, Air/diagnosis/etiology/pathology/therapy, Humans, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Occupational Exposure/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kohshi,K., Katoh,T., Abe,H., Wong,R. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Measuring Secondhand Smoke in Muscat, Oman	2015	Department of Non-Communicable Disease Control, Directorate General of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman;; Tobacco Control Section.; Tobacco Free Initiative, Eastern Mediterranean Office of the World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sultan Qaboos University medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Sultan Qaboos Univ.Med.J. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 15 Issue 2 Start Page e288 Other Pages 91 Notes LR: 20150610; JID: 101519915; OID: NLM: PMC4450794; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/08/03 [received]; 2014/10/21 [revised]; 2014/11/06 [accepted]; 2015/05/28 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication Oman ISSN/ISBN 2075-051X; 2075-051X Accession Number PMID: 26052464 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26052464 Abstract OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to measure exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and assess venue compliance with the municipal Law against smoking indoors in public places in Muscat, Oman. METHODS: Following the selection of 30 public indoor venues within the Muscat governorate, the concentration of suspended SHS particulate matter (PM2.5) in the venues' indoor air was measured throughout July and August 2010. RESULTS: Almost all of the venues were found to be compliant with the smoke-free municipal, with the exception of a cafe that served waterpipes for smoking indoors. The concentration of PM2.5 in this venue showed an average level of 256 microg/m(3) which was 64 times the level of that found in the non-smoking venues. CONCLUSION: Aside from one cafe, the majority of the assessed indoor public venues abided by the smoke-free municipal law. However, the enforcement of policies banning smoking in indoor public recreational venues should be re-examined in order to protect member of the public in Oman from exposure to SHS. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Lawati,J.A., Al-Thuhli,Y., Qureshi,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150528 PMCID PMC4450794 Editors

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