WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
In vitro susceptibility of Candida species to four antifungal agents assessed by the reference broth microdilution method	2013	Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University and Universite Bulvari, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full TheScientificWorldJournal Periodical, Abbrev. ScientificWorldJournal Pub Date Free Form 22-Oct Volume 2013 Issue Start Page 236903 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150422; JID: 101131163; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OID: NLM: PMC3819922; 2013 [ecollection]; 2 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1537-744X; 1537-744X Accession Number PMID: 24250260 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1155/2013/236903 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24250260 Abstract This study was performed to determine the distribution of Candida species isolated from the blood cultures of the patients hospitalized in our hospital and to investigate their antifungal susceptibility. Candida strains were identified at species level by using classical methods and API ID 32C (bioMerieux, France) identification kits. The susceptibility of the strains to amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin was evaluated by using the reference broth microdilution method in document M27-A3 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Of the 111 Candida strains isolated, 47.7% were identified as C. albicans and 52.3% as non-albicans Candida strains. The MIC ranges were 0.03-1 mug/mL for amphotericin B, 0.125->/=64 mug/mL for fluconazole, 0.03-16 mug/mL for voriconazole, and 0.015-0.25 mug/mL for caspofungin. All Candida strains were susceptible to amphotericin B and caspofungin. 10.8% isolates were resistant to fluconazole and 8.1% isolates were dose-dependent susceptible. While 0.9% isolate was resistant to voriconazole, 0.9% isolate was dose-dependent susceptible. In our study, C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were the most frequently encountered agents of candidemia and it was detected that voriconazole with a low resistance rate might also be used with confidence in the treatment of infections occurring with these agents, primarily besides amphotericin B and caspofungin. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Eksi,F., Gayyurhan,E.D., Balci,I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131022 PMCID PMC3819922 Editors
Predominance of IncL/M and IncF plasmid types among CTX-M-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bulgarian hospitals	2014	Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, et Immunologica Scandinavica Periodical, Abbrev. APMIS Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 122 Issue 7 Start Page 608 Other Pages 615 Notes CI: (c) 2013; JID: 8803400; EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-M-15); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-M-3); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase SHV-12); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/05/15 [received]; 2013/08/30 [acc Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 1600-0463; 0903-4641 Accession Number PMID: 24303846 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1111/apm.12204 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24303846 Abstract Our objective was to investigate the plasmid replicon-types involved in spread of ESBLs among Bulgarian Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Sixty-three isolates, with transferable beta-lactam resistance determinants, collected between 2007 and 2009 in six medical institutions, were analysed with respect to their antimicrobial susceptibility, ESBL-, RAPD-, and plasmid replicon-type. Phylogenetic typing and screening for the O25b-ST131 lineage were carried out for E. coli. The predominant ESBLs were CTX-M-15 (81%) among E. coli and CTX-M-3 (58%) among K. pneumoniae. Other sporadically found ESBLs were SHV-12 and TEM-139, and for the first time in Bulgaria, CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-14. Replicon typing revealed that plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-3 exclusively belonged to IncL/M-type, while blaCTX-M-15 was predominantly (94%) associated with IncF-type plasmids. Among E. coli, 59% of the isolates were clonally related. Isolates of that cluster produced CTX-M-15, belonged to the O25b-ST131 lineage, predominantly harboured plasmids with the FIA replicon, and were found in five centres. Among CTX-M-3-producing K. pneumoniae, two prevailing RAPD-types were found, one remained restricted to one centre and the second was found in three centres. The incompatibility groups IncN and IncA/C linked with blaSHV-12 respectively blaTEM-139 were found only once. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed investigation of plasmids carrying ESBL genes among Bulgarian isolates demonstrating wide distribution of conjugative IncF plasmids among CTX-M-15-producing E. coli and IncL/M plasmids among CTX-M-3 positive K. pneumoniae isolates. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Data Source Authors Markovska,R., Schneider,I., Ivanova,D., Mitov,I., Bauernfeind,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131205 PMCID Editors
Dutch patients, retail chicken meat and poultry share the same ESBL genes, plasmids and strains	2011	Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands. m.leversteinvhall@umcutrecht.nl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Microbiol.Infect. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 17 Issue 6 Start Page 873 Other Pages 880 Notes CI: 2011 The Authors. Clinical Microbiology and Infection; 2011; JID: 9516420; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2011/04/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1469-0691; 1198-743X Accession Number PMID: 21463397 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03497.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21463397 Abstract Intestinal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) -producing bacteria in food-producing animals and contamination of retail meat may contribute to increased incidences of infections with ESBL-producing bacteria in humans. Therefore, distribution of ESBL genes, plasmids and strain genotypes in Escherichia coli obtained from poultry and retail chicken meat in the Netherlands was determined and defined as 'poultry-associated' (PA). Subsequently, the proportion of E. coli isolates with PA ESBL genes, plasmids and strains was quantified in a representative sample of clinical isolates. The E. coli were derived from 98 retail chicken meat samples, a prevalence survey among poultry, and 516 human clinical samples from 31 laboratories collected during a 3-month period in 2009. Isolates were analysed using an ESBL-specific microarray, sequencing of ESBL genes, PCR-based replicon typing of plasmids, plasmid multi-locus sequence typing (pMLST) and strain genotyping (MLST). Six ESBL genes were defined as PA (bla(CTX-M-1) , bla(CTX-M-2) , bla(SHV-2) , bla(SHV-12) , bla(TEM-20) , bla(TEM-52) ): 35% of the human isolates contained PA ESBL genes and 19% contained PA ESBL genes located on IncI1 plasmids that were genetically indistinguishable from those obtained from poultry (meat). Of these ESBL genes, 86% were bla(CTX-M-1) and bla(TEM-52) genes, which were also the predominant genes in poultry (78%) and retail chicken meat (75%). Of the retail meat samples, 94% contained ESBL-producing isolates of which 39% belonged to E. coli genotypes also present in human samples. These findings are suggestive for transmission of ESBL genes, plasmids and E. coli isolates from poultry to humans, most likely through the food chain. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Data Source Authors Leverstein-van Hall,M.A., Dierikx,C.M., Cohen Stuart,J., Voets,G.M., van den Munckhof,M.P., van Essen-Zandbergen,A., Platteel,T., Fluit,A.C., van de Sande-Bruinsma,N., Scharinga,J., Bonten,M.J., Mevius,D.J., National ESBL surveillance group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110404 PMCID Editors
Voriconazole-induced inhibition of the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B in Candida strains with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole: an effect not predicted by the MIC value alone	2011	Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. anders.lignell@akademiska.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 55 Issue 4 Start Page 1629 Other Pages 1637 Notes LR: 20150205; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (CDR1 protein, Candida albicans); 0 (Fungal Proteins); 0 (Membrane Transport Proteins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OID: NLM: PMC3067173; 2011 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-6596; 0066-4804 Accession Number PMID: 21282443 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1128/AAC.00791-10 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21282443 Abstract An antagonistic effect of voriconazole on the fungicidal activity of sequential doses of amphotericin B has previously been demonstrated in Candida albicans strains susceptible to voriconazole. Because treatment failure and the need to switch to other antifungals are expected to occur more often in infections that are caused by resistant strains, it was of interest to study whether the antagonistic effect was still seen in Candida strains with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole. With the hypothesis that antagonism will not occur in voriconazole-resistant strains, C. albicans strains with characterized mechanisms of resistance against voriconazole, as well as Candida glabrata and Candida krusei strains with differences in their degrees of susceptibility to voriconazole were exposed to voriconazole or amphotericin B alone, to both drugs simultaneously, or to voriconazole followed by amphotericin B in an in vitro kinetic model. Amphotericin B administered alone or simultaneously with voriconazole resulted in fungicidal activity. When amphotericin B was administered after voriconazole, its activity was reduced (median reduction, 61%; range, 9 to 94%). Levels of voriconazole-dependent inhibition of amphotericin B activity differed significantly among the strains but were not correlated with the MIC values (correlation coefficient, -0.19; P = 0.65). Inhibition was found in C. albicans strains with increases in CDR1 and CDR2 expression but not in the strain with an increase in MDR1 expression. In summary, decreased susceptibility to voriconazole does not abolish voriconazole-dependent inhibition of the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B in voriconazole-resistant Candida strains. The degree of interaction could not be predicted by the MIC value alone. Descriptors Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Candida/drug effects, Candida albicans/drug effects, Candida glabrata/drug effects, Drug Interactions, Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics/physiology, Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Humans, Membrane Transport Proteins, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pyrimidines/pharmacology, Triazoles/pharmacology, Voriconazole Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lignell,A., Lowdin,E., Cars,O., Sanglard,D., Sjolin,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110131 PMCID PMC3067173 Editors
An epidemiologic analysis of low back pain in primary care: a hot humid country and global comparison	2013	Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation & Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar. abener@hmc.org.qa	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of primary care & community health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Prim.Care.Community Health. Pub Date Free Form 1-Jul Volume 4 Issue 3 Start Page 220 Other Pages 227 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101518419; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/02/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2150-1327; 2150-1319 Accession Number PMID: 23799711 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1177/2150131913479385 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23799711 Abstract BACKGROUND: Low back pain is one of the most common conditions for which patients seek medical care. AIM: The aim of the study was to study the epidemiology of low back pain in primary care setting with emphasis on frequency, sociodemographic factors, and impact of low back pain on lifestyle habits. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. A representative sample of 2742 patients was approached and 2180 subjects agreed to participate in this study (79.5%). The survey was conducted among primary health care visitors during the period from March to October 2012. The questionnaire collected the sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and type of treatment taken for relief from recruited subjects. RESULTS: Of the subjects studied, 52.9% were males and 47.1% were females. The prevalence of low back pain in the study sample was 59.2%. Low back pain was more prevalent among women (67.7%) than among men (51.6%). The proportion of low back pain was highest in the age-group 45 to 55 years in both the genders (37.6% and 36.4%, respectively). Nearly half of the men (45.7%) and women (45.2%) with low back pain were overweight with a significant difference (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bener,A., Dafeeah,E.E., Alnaqbi,K., Falah,O., Aljuhaisi,T., Sadeeq,A., Khan,S., Schlogl,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130219 PMCID Editors
The role of vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis in breast cancer	2012	Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. abener@hmc.org.qa	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of rheumatic diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Rheum.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 15 Issue 6 Start Page 554 Other Pages 561 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: (c) 2012 The Authors International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases (c) 2012; JID: 101474930; 0 (Biomarkers); 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D); 64719-49-9 (25-hydroxyvitamin D); 2012/12/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1756-185X; 1756-1841 Accession Number PMID: 23253239 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/1756-185x.12017 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23253239 Abstract AIM: Epidemiological studies suggest an association between vitamin D and calcium intake and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the association of breast cancer with vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis according to menopausal status and to examine vitamin D and bone mineral density (BMD) levels in breast cancer patients. METHODS: This was an observational cohort hospital-based study. It included 635 patients with breast cancer. Socio-demographic information, type of consanguinity, menopause status, medical history, lifestyle habits, dietary intake, BMD measurements and vitamin D levels were collected. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: Of the studied patients, 36.1% were Qataris, 63.9% non-Qatari Arabs, 40% premenopausal women, 20.9% university graduates and 37.2% housewives. Overall, 31.8% of breast cancer women were affected with osteopenia/osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency (10.7% vs. 7.9%) and severe vitamin D insufficiency (39.2% vs. 32.5%) were higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd Data Source Authors Bener,A., El Ayoubi,H.R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121207 PMCID Editors
Prevalence and correlates of low back pain in primary care: what are the contributing factors in a rapidly developing country	2014	Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation and Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar. ; Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, The	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian spine journal Periodical, Abbrev. Asian Spine J. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 8 Issue 3 Start Page 227 Other Pages 236 Notes LR: 20140630; JID: 101314177; OID: NLM: PMC4068841; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/01/13 [received]; 2013/04/15 [revised]; 2013/07/04 [accepted]; 2014/06/09 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication Korea (South) ISSN/ISBN 1976-1902; 1976-1902 Accession Number PMID: 24967035 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.4184/asj.2014.8.3.227 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24967035 Abstract STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in the primary care setting with emphasis on the socio-demographic contributing factors and impact of LBP on lifestyle habits. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: LBP is one of the most common medical conditions seen in the Primary Health Care Clinic. METHODS: A representative sample of 2,600 patients were approached and 1,829 subjects agreed to participate in this study (70.0%). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, life style habits and type of treatment were collected through a questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of LBP in the study sample was 56.5% (95% confidence interval, 54.2-58.8). LBP was more prevalent among women (53.9%) compared to men (46.1%). There was significant difference between male and female patients of LBP in terms of ethnicity (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bener,A., Dafeeah,E.E., Alnaqbi,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140609 PMCID PMC4068841 Editors
A measurement-specific quality-of-life satisfaction during premenopause, perimenopause and postmenopause in Arabian Qatari women	2014	Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar ; Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Qatar and New York, USA ; Department Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and He	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of mid-life health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Midlife Health. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page 126 Other Pages 134 Notes LR: 20141018; JID: 101552746; OID: NLM: PMC4195185; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication India ISSN/ISBN 0976-7800 Accession Number PMID: 25316998 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.4103/0976-7800.141190 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25316998 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use an instrument, the menopause-specific quality-of-life satisfaction in the state of Qatar for the premenopausal, menopause and postmenopausal period. DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive study was used to generate menopause symptoms experienced by Arabian Gulf women. Measurement-specific quality-of-life satisfaction questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were performed. SETTING: Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers in Qatar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multistage sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1,500 women aged 40-60 years were included during July 2012 and November 2013, and 1,158 women agreed to participate (77.2%) and responded to the study. RESULTS: The mean age and standard deviation of the subjects was 50.9 +/- 6.1. The median age of natural menopause in the present study was 49 years [mean and standard deviation 49.9 +/- 2.7]. The rate of consanguineous marriages in the sample was found to be 30.3%. There were statistically significance differences between menopausal stages with regard to ethnicity, education level, occupation, type of housing condition, and consanguinity. There were statistically significance differences between menopausal stages concerning BMI groups, Systolic BP, Diastolic BP, physical activity, parity, and sheesha smoking habits. Meanwhile, the present study revealed that the most common disease was found to be diabetes mellitus (11.4%), followed by hypertension (6.6%), asthma (5.6%) and CHD (2.5%), and the majority of subjects (69.5%) had no specific disease. The most frequent symptom was aches in the back and neck (49.2%), night sweat (37.2%), low backache (35.7%), feeling nervous (35.4%) followed by aches in the muscles/joints (34.6%), hot flashes (33.3%), decreased social activities (28.3%), decreased leisure activities (47.6%), difficulty sleeping (28.9%), mood swings (25.4%), and decreased concentration (28.3%), sexual activity (24.1%) and total energy level (26.7%). The lowest reported symptoms were facial hair at 16.1% followed by dissatisfied with my personal life at 18.1%. Cronbach's alpha scores, measuring the internal consistency of questions in each domain for physical, vasomotor, psychosocial and sexual were 0.883, 0.853, 0.697 and 0.805, respectively. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between domains indicated that there is highly significant concordance between the four domains (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bener,A., Falah,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4195185 Editors
Bone mineral density of the spine and femur in healthy Saudi females: relation to vitamin D status, pregnancy, and lactation	1999	Department of Medicine (MBC-46), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Calcified tissue international Periodical, Abbrev. Calcif.Tissue Int. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 65 Issue 1 Start Page 23 Other Pages 28 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 7905481; 0 (Parathyroid Hormone); 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D); SY7Q814VUP (Calcium); OID: PIP: 144813; OID: POP: 00289772; OTO: PIP; GN: PIP: TJ: CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL.; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0171-967X; 0171-967X Accession Number PMID: 10369729 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM; J DOI CT152-98 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 10369729 Abstract Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements of the anterio-posterior lumbar spine and the proximal femur using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, as well as relevant clinical and biochemical parameters, were determined in 321 healthy Saudi females in order to establish reference values and to study the effects of physical and lifestyle factors on BMD. Mean +/- SD of age, body mass index (BMI), number of pregnancies, and total duration of lactation were 35.4 +/- 11.3 years, 26.5 +/- 5.2 kg/m2, 3.1 +/- 3.1, and 23.7 +/- 42.4 months, respectively. Mean +/- SD of serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and PTH levels were 2.37 +/- 0.09 mmol/liter, 24.5 +/- 17.2 nmol/liter, and 52.0 +/- 30.8 pg/ml, respectively. Peak BMD values were observed around age 35 years at the spine and earlier at the femur. Compared with USA females, Saudi females had lower weight-matched Z scores at the spine (-0.126 +/- 1. 078, P = 0.04), femoral neck (-0.234 +/- 0.846, P /=31 years old were 18-41% and 0-7%, respectively, depending on the site examined. Severe hypovitaminosis D (25OHD level </=20 nmol/liter) was present in 52% of the subjects. However, there was no correlation between 25OHD level and BMD at any site. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels correlated significantly with 25OHD levels (r = -0.28, P < 0.0001) and with weight-matched BMD Z scores at the spine (r = -0.17, P = 0.005), femoral neck (r = -0.16, P = 0.007), and Ward's triangle (r = -0.2, P = 0.0008), suggesting that the distribution of 25OHD levels in the cohort is below the threshold needed for maintaining normal BMD. On the other hand, number of pregnancies and total duration of lactation correlated with weight-matched BMD Z scores at the spine (r = -0.17, P = 0.003; r = -0.1, P = 0.08, respectively). We conclude that BMD in healthy Saudi females is significantly lower than in their USA counterparts. This may be due in part to increased number of pregnancies and longer duration of lactation together with prevalent vitamin D deficiency. http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00223/bibs /65n1p23. html; PIP: This paper examines the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine and femur and vitamin D status, pregnancy, and lactation among women in Saudi Arabia. The aims of the study are the following: 1) establish normative data for BMD at the anterio-posterior lumbar spine and femur using dual x-ray absorptiometry; 2) compare the BMD of Saudi females and their US counterparts; and 3) examine the relation of BMD to vitamin D status, pregnancy, and lactation. Samples included 321 healthy Saudi females recruited from the city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results suggest that the mean standard deviation (SD) of age, body mass index, number of pregnancies, and total duration of lactation were, respectively, 35.4 +or- 11.3 years, 26.5 +or- 5.2 kg/sq. m, 3.1 +or- 3.1, and 23.7 +or- 42.4 months. Mean +or- SD of serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and PTH levels were 2.37 +or- 0.09 mmol/liter, 24.5 +or- 17.2 nmol/liter, and 52.0 +or- 30.8 pg/ml, respectively. Peak BMD values were observed around age 35 years at the spine and earlier at the femur. Compared with US females, Saudi females had lower weight-matched Z scores at the spine, femoral neck, and Ward's triangle. On the other hand, the number of pregnancies and total duration of lactation correlated with weight-matched BMD Z scores at the spine. This made the BMD in healthy Saudi females significantly lower than their US counterparts. This may due to the increase number of pregnancies and longer duration of lactation together with prevalent vitamin D deficiency. Descriptors Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Bone Density, Calcium/blood, Child, Female, Femur Neck/metabolism/radiography, Humans, Lactation/physiology, Lumbar Vertebrae/metabolism/radiography, Middle Aged, Parathyroid Hormone/blood, Pregnancy/physiology, Reference Values, Saudi Arabia, United States, Vitamin D/blood, Arab Countries, Asia, Biology, Clinical Research, Deficiency Diseases--women, Developing Countries, Diseases, Lactation, Maternal Physiology, Micronutrients, Nutrition Disorders, Osteoporosis--women, Physiology, Pregnancy, Reproduction, Research Methodology, Research Report, Skeletal Effects--women, Vitamins, Western Asia, Women Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ghannam,N. N., Hammami,M. M., Bakheet,S. M., Khan,B. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cohort study of electronic cigarette use: effectiveness and safety at 24 months	2016	Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy Local Health Unit of Pescara, Pescara, Italy "University G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy Regional Healthcare Agency of Abruzzo, Pescara, Italy.; Department of Medicine	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form 6-Jun Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160608; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; JID: 9209612; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/11/11 [rece Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 27272748 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI tobaccocontrol-2015-052822 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27272748 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of e-cigarettes, by comparing users of only e-cigarettes, smokers of only tobacco cigarettes and dual users. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. We update previous 12-month findings and report the results of the 24-month follow-up. DATA SOURCES: Direct contact and questionnaires by phone or via internet. METHODS: Adults (30-75 years) were classified as: (1) tobacco smokers, if they smoked >/=1 tobacco cigarette/day, (2) e-cigarette users, if they inhaled >/=50 puffs/week of any type of e-cigarette and (3) dual users, if they smoked tobacco cigarettes and also used e-cigarettes. Carbon monoxide levels were tested in 50% of those declaring tobacco smoking abstinence. Hospital discharge data were used to validate possibly related serious adverse events in 46.0% of the sample. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sustained abstinence from tobacco cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes after 24 months, the difference in the number of tobacco cigarettes smoked daily between baseline and 24 months, possibly related serious adverse events. RESULTS: Data at 24 months were available for 229 e-cigarette users, 480 tobacco smokers and 223 dual users (overall response rate 68.8%). Of the e-cigarette users, 61.1% remained abstinent from tobacco (while 23.1% and 26.0% of tobacco-only smokers and dual users achieved tobacco abstinence). The rate (18.8%) of stopping use of either product (tobacco and/or e-cigarettes) was not higher for e-cigarette users compared with tobacco smokers or dual users. Self-rated health and adverse events were similar between all groups. Among those continuing to smoke, there were no differences in the proportion of participants reducing tobacco cigarette consumption by 50% or more, the average daily number of cigarettes and the average self-rated health by baseline group. Most dual users at baseline abandoned e-cigarettes and continued to smoke tobacco. Those who continued dual using or converted from tobacco smoking to dual use during follow-up experienced significant improvements in the 3 outcomes compared with those who continued or switched to only smoking tobacco (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Manzoli,L., Flacco,M.E., Ferrante,M., La Vecchia,C., Siliquini,R., Ricciardi,W., Marzuillo,C., Villari,P., Fiore,M., ISLESE Working Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160606 PMCID Editors

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