WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Evaluation of the pulmonary effects of short-term nose-only cigarette smoke exposure in mice	2012	Department of Physiology, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE. anemmar@uaeu.ac.ae	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) Periodical, Abbrev. Exp.Biol.Med.(Maywood) Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 237 Issue 12 Start Page 1449 Other Pages 1456 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 100973463; EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase); EC 2.5.1.18 (Glutathione Transferase); GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1535-3699; 1535-3699 Accession Number PMID: 23354403 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1258/ebm.2012.012103 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23354403 Abstract Much is known about the chronic effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on lung function and inflammation and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms related to the short-term exposure to CS are not fully understood. Here, we assessed the effect of CS generated by nine consecutive cigarettes per day for four days in a nose-only exposure system on airway resistance measured using forced oscillation technique, lung inflammation and oxidative stress in BALB/c mice. Control mice were exposed to air. Mice exposed to CS showed a significant increase of neutrophils and lymphocytes numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The total protein and endothelin levels in BAL fluid were significantly augmented suggesting an increase of alveolar-capillary barrier permeability. Similarly, airway resistance was significantly increased in the CS group compared with controls. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation levels in lung tissue were significantly increased. The antioxidant activities of reduced glutathione, glutathione S transferase and superoxide dismutase were all significantly increased following CS exposure, indicating that CS could trigger adaptive responses that counterbalance the potentially damaging activity of oxygen radicals induced by CS exposure. In conclusion, our data indicate that short-term nose-only exposure to CS causes lung inflammation and increase of airway resistance mediated at least partly through the oxidative stress. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Nemmar,A., Raza,H., Subramaniyan,D., John,A., Elwasila,M., Ali,B.H., Adeghate,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: a study in Lisbon restaurants	2012	Departamento de Genetica, Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr. Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP, Lisboa, Portugal.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of toxicology and environmental health.Part A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Toxicol.Environ.Health A Pub Date Free Form Volume 75 Issue 13-15 Start Page 857 Other Pages 866 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100960995; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1528-7394; 0098-4108 Accession Number PMID: 22788372 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/15287394.2012.690690 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22788372 Abstract Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), also referred to as secondhand smoke (SHS), is a major threat to public health and is increasingly recognized as an occupational hazard to workers in the hospitality industry. Therefore, several countries have implemented smoke-free regulations at hospitality industry sites. In Portugal, since 2008, legislation partially banned smoking in restaurants and bars but until now no data have been made available on levels of indoor ETS pollution/exposure at these locations. The aim of this study was to examine the occupational exposure to ETS/SHS in several restaurants in Lisbon, measured by indoor fine particles (PM(2.5)) and urinary cotinine concentration in workers, after the partial smoking ban in Portugal. Results showed that the PM(2.5) median level in smoking designated areas was 253 mug/m(3), eightfold higher than levels recorded in canteens or outdoor. The nonsmoking rooms of mixed restaurants exhibited PM(2.5) median level of 88 mug/m(3), which is higher than all smoke-free locations studied, approximately threefold greater than those found in canteens. Importantly, urinary cotinine concentrations were significantly higher in nonsmoker employees working in those smoking designated areas, confirming exposure to ETS. The proportion of smokers in those rooms was found to be significantly positively correlated with nonsmoker urinary cotinine and indoor PM(2.5) levels, establishing that both markers were occupational-ETS derived. The use of reinforced ventilation systems seemed not to be sufficient to decrease the observed ETS pollution/exposure in those smoking locations. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the partial restrictions on smoking in Portuguese venues failed to provide adequate protection to their employees, irrespective of protective measures used. Therefore, a smoke-free legislation protecting individuals from exposure to ETS/SHS in all public places and workplaces is urgently needed in Portugal. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Pacheco,S.A., Aguiar,F., Ruivo,P., Proenca,M.C., Sekera,M., Penque,D., Simoes,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Patterns of tobacco use and dual use in US young adults: the missing link between youth prevention and adult cessation	2012	Department of Research and Evaluation, Legacy, Washington, DC 20036, USA. jrath@legacyforhealth.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental and public health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2012 Issue Start Page 679134 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150225; JID: 101516361; OID: NLM: PMC3361253; 2011/11/04 [received]; 2012/01/20 [accepted]; 2012/05/14 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1687-9813; 1687-9805 Accession Number PMID: 22666279 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1155/2012/679134 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22666279 Abstract Few studies address the developmental transition from youth tobacco use uptake to regular adulthood use, especially for noncigarette tobacco products. The current study uses online panel data from the Legacy Young Adult Cohort Study to describe the prevalence of cigarette, other tobacco product, and dual use in a nationally representative sample of young adults aged 18-34 (N = 4,201). Of the 23% of young adults who were current tobacco users, 30% reported dual use. Ever use, first product used, and current use were highest for cigarettes, cigars, little cigars, and hookah. Thirty-two percent of ever tobacco users reported tobacco product initiation after the age of 18 and 39% of regular users reported progressing to regular use during young adulthood. This study highlights the need for improved monitoring of polytobacco use across the life course and developing tailored efforts for young adults to prevent progression and further reduce overall population prevalence. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rath,J.M., Villanti,A.C., Abrams,D.B., Vallone,D.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120514 PMCID PMC3361253 Editors
Sensitization of Candida albicans biofilms to various antifungal drugs by cyclosporine A	2012	DST-FIST Sponsored School of Life Sciences, SRTM University, Nanded, India.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Clin.Microbiol.Antimicrob. Pub Date Free Form 4-Oct Volume 11 Issue Start Page 27 Other Pages 0711-11-27 Notes LR: 20150222; JID: 101152152; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 1400-61-9 (Nystatin); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 83HN0GTJ6D (Cyclosporine); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconaz Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1476-0711; 1476-0711 Accession Number PMID: 23035934 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1476-0711-11-27 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23035934 Abstract BACKGROUND: Biofilms formed by Candida albicans are resistant towards most of the available antifungal drugs. Therefore, infections associated with Candida biofilms are considered as a threat to immunocompromised patients. Combinatorial drug therapy may be a good strategy to combat C. albicans biofilms. METHODS: Combinations of five antifungal drugs- fluconazole (FLC), voriconazole (VOR), caspofungin (CSP), amphotericin B (AmB) and nystatin (NYT) with cyclosporine A (CSA) were tested in vitro against planktonic and biofilm growth of C. albicans. Standard broth micro dilution method was used to study planktonic growth, while biofilms were studied in an in vitro biofilm model. A chequerboard format was used to determine fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) of combination effects. Biofilm growth was analyzed using XTT-metabolic assay. RESULTS: MICs of various antifungal drugs for planktonic growth of C. albicans were lowered in combination with CSA by 2 to 16 fold. Activity against biofilm development with FIC indices of 0.26, 0.28, 0.31 and 0.25 indicated synergistic interactions between FLC-CSA, VOR-CSA, CSP-CSA and AmB-CSA, respectively. Increase in efficacy of the drugs FLC, VOR and CSP against mature biofilms after addition of 62.5 mug/ml of CSA was evident with FIC indices 0.06, 0.14 and 0.37, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The combinations with CSA resulted in increased susceptibility of biofilms to antifungal drugs. Combination of antifungal drugs with CSA would be an effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against biofilm associated C. albicans infections. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shinde,R.B., Chauhan,N.M., Raut,J.S., Karuppayil,S.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121004 PMCID PMC3508915 Editors
Electro membrane extraction followed by low-density solvent based ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction combined with derivatization for determining chlorophenols and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	2012	Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 22-Jun Volume 1243 Issue Start Page 14 Other Pages 22 Notes LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 9318488; 0 (Chlorophenols); 0 (Emulsions); 0 (Membranes, Artificial); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); NV1779205D (1-Octanol); 2012/03/01 [received]; 2012/04/23 [revised]; 2012/04/23 [accepted] Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3778; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 22579488 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.054 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22579488 Abstract A highly efficient and simple two-step method, electro membrane extraction (EME) followed by low-density solvent based ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (EME-LDS-USAEME) combined with derivatization and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), was developed for the determination of trace level chlorophenols in environmental water samples. In the first step, the analytes were extracted, under electrical potential, from the sample solution into the acceptor solution, which was held in a polypropylene membrane sheet with 1-octanol as the supported liquid membrane. The acceptor solution from the first step was then employed as the sample solution for the second step of LDS-USAEME. In this step, the target analytes were extracted into a solvent with lower density than water that was dispersed in the sample solution with the assistance of ultrasound. The extract was separated from the sample solution by centrifugation and collected as the upper layer. Finally, the extract with a derivatization reagent were injected into a GC-MS system for analysis. Six chlorophenols, 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,3-dichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol were selected here as model compounds for developing and evaluating the method. Several factors influencing the extraction and derivatization were investigated. With the EME-LDS-USAEME procedure, high enrichment factors of up to 2198 were achieved. Under the most favorable conditions, good limits of detection (down to 0.005 mug/L), linearity (from 0.05-10 to 0.2-10 mug/L, depending on the analytes), and repeatability of extraction (RSDs below 9.7%, n=5) were obtained. The proposed method was applied to determine chlorophenols in drainwater samples. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Guo,L., Lee,H.K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120501 PMCID Editors
Presence of erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes in lactic acid bacteria from fermented foods of Indian origin	2012	Department of Food Microbiology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, India.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Periodical, Abbrev. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 102 Issue 4 Start Page 541 Other Pages 551 Notes LR: 20131121; GENBANK/HQ615663; GENBANK/HQ615664; GENBANK/HQ615665; GENBANK/HQ615666; GENBANK/HQ615667; GENBANK/HQ615668; GENBANK/HQ615669; GENBANK/HQ615670; GENBANK/HQ615671; GENBANK/HQ615672; GENBANK/HQ615673; GENBANK/HQ615674; GENBANK/HQ615675; GENBANK Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1572-9699; 0003-6072 Accession Number PMID: 22644346 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s10482-012-9749-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22644346 Abstract Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) resistant to erythromycin were isolated from different food samples on selective media. The isolates were identified as Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus lactis, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Of the total 60 isolates, 88 % harbored the ermB gene. The efflux gene msrA was identified in E. faecium, E. durans, E. lactis, E. casseliflavus, P. pentosaceus and L. fermentum. Further analysis of the msrA gene by sequencing suggested its homology to msrC. Resistance to tetracycline due to the genes tetM, tetW, tetO, tetK and tetL, alone or in combination, were identified in Lactobacillus species. The tetracycline efflux genes tetK and tetL occurred in P. pentosaceus and Enterococcus species. Since it appeared that LAB had acquired these genes, fermented foods may be a source of antibiotic resistance. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thumu,S.C., Halami,P.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120529 PMCID Editors
A novel extraction technique based on carbon nanotubes reinforced hollow fiber solid/liquid microextraction for the measurement of piroxicam and diclofenac combined with high performance liquid chromatography	2012	Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form 15-Oct Volume 100 Issue Start Page 153 Other Pages 161 Notes LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 2984816R; 0 (Nanotubes, Carbon); 0 (Salts); 0 (Solvents); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 13T4O6VMAM (Piroxicam); 144O8QL0L1 (Diclofenac); 2012/05/31 [received]; 2012/08/16 [revised]; 2012/08/27 [accepted]; 2012/09/03 [ahead Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 23141323 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.08.042 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23141323 Abstract A novel design of carbon nanotubes reinforced hollow fiber solid/liquid phase microextraction (CNTs-HF-SLPME) was developed to determine piroxicam and diclofenac in different real water samples. Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were held in the pores of hollow fiber with sol-gel technology. The pores and lumen of carbon nanotubes reinforced hollow fiber were subsequently filled with a muL volume of organic solvent (1-octanol), and then the whole assembly was used for the extraction of the target analytes in direct immersion sampling mode. The target analytes were extracted from the sample by two extractants, one of which is organic solvent placed inside the pores and lumen of hollow fiber and the other one is CNTs held in the pores of hollow fiber. After extraction, the analytes were desorbed in acetonitrile and analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. This novel extraction mode showed more excellent extraction performance in comparison with conventional hollow fiber liquid microextraction (without adding CNTs) and carbon nanotubes reinforced hollow fiber solid microextraction (CNTs held in the pores of hollow fiber, but no organic solvents placed inside the lumen of hollow fiber) under the respective optimum conditions. This method provided 47- and 184-fold enrichment factors for piroxicam and diclofenac, respectively, good inter-fiber repeatability and batch-to-batch reproducibility. Linearity was observed in the range of 20-960 mug L(-1) for piroxicam, and 10-2560 mug L(-1) for diclofenac, with correlation coefficients of 0.9985 and 0.9989, respectively. The limits of detection were 4.58 mug L(-1) for piroxicam and 0.40 mug L(-1) for diclofenac. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Song,X.Y., Shi,Y.P., Chen,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120903 PMCID Editors
Effectiveness of a proactive mail-based alcohol Internet intervention for university students: dismantling the assessment and feedback components in a randomized controlled trial	2012	Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. preben.bendtsen@liu.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 31-Oct Volume 14 Issue 5 Start Page e142 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150222; ISRCTN/ISRCTN24735383; GR: WT086516MA/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3510746; 2012/01/20 [received]; 2012/07/11 [accepted]; 2012/05/29 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 23113955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.2062 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23113955 Abstract BACKGROUND: University students in Sweden routinely receive proactive mail-based alcohol Internet interventions sent from student health services. This intervention provides personalized normative feedback on alcohol consumption with suggestions on how to decrease drinking. Earlier feasibility trials by our group and others have examined effectiveness in simple parallel-groups designs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of electronic screening and brief intervention, using a randomized controlled trial design that takes account of baseline assessment reactivity (and other possible effects of the research process) due to the similarity between the intervention and assessment content. The design of the study allowed for exploration of the magnitude of the assessment effects per se. METHODS: This trial used a dismantling design and randomly assigned 5227 students to 3 groups: (1) routine practice assessment and feedback, (2) assessment-only without feedback, and (3) neither assessment nor feedback. At baseline all participants were blinded to study participation, with no contact being made with group 3. We approached students 2 months later to participate in a cross-sectional alcohol survey. All interventions were fully automated and did not have any human involvement. All data used in the analysis were based on self-assessment using questionnaires. The participants were unaware that they were participating in a trial and thus were also blinded to which group they were randomly assigned. RESULTS: Overall, 44.69% (n = 2336) of those targeted for study completed follow-up. Attrition was similar in groups 1 (697/1742, 40.01%) and 2 (737/1742, 42.31% retained) and lower in group 3 (902/1743, 51.75% retained). Intention-to-treat analyses among all participants regardless of their baseline drinking status revealed no differences between groups in all alcohol parameters at the 2-month follow-up. Per-protocol analyses of groups 1 and 2 among those who accepted the email intervention (36.2% of the students who were offered the intervention in group 1 and 37.3% of the students in group2 ) and who were risky drinkers at baseline (60.7% follow-up rate in group 1 and 63.5% in group 2) suggested possible small beneficial effects on weekly consumption attributable to feedback. CONCLUSIONS: This approach to outcome evaluation is highly conservative, and small benefits may follow the actual uptake of feedback intervention in students who are risky drinkers, the precise target group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 24735383; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN24735383 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6Awq7gjXG). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bendtsen,P., McCambridge,J., Bendtsen,M., Karlsson,N., Nilsen,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121031 PMCID PMC3510746 Editors
Occupational exposure of petroleum depot workers to BTEX compounds	2012	Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center and School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mrazari@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Occup.Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 3 Issue 1 Start Page 39 Other Pages 44 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101535763; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Petroleum); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); 2011/08/06 [received]; 2011/12/07 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 2008-6520; 2008-6520 Accession Number PMID: 23022850 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 110 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23022850 Abstract BACKGROUND: Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are the most important toxic volatile compounds in the air and could be easily absorbed through the respiratory tract. In recent years, the risk of exposure to BTEX compounds, especially benzene as a carcinogen, has been considered in petroleum depot stations. OBJECTIVE: To assess the occupational exposure of petroleum depot workers in Iran to BTEX compounds. METHODS: After completing a questionnaire and assessing occupational exposure to BTEX compounds, 78 (46 exposed and 32 non-exposed) depot workers were randomly selected to participate in this study. Air sampling and analysis of BTEX was conducted according to the NIOSH method No. 1501. Analysis of urinary hippuric acid, as an indicator of toluene exposure, was carried out according to NIOSH method No. 8300. Personal monitoring of the high exposure group to BTEX compounds was repeated to verify the results obtained in the first phase of the monitoring. RESULTS: Among the 9 operating groups studied, occupational exposure to benzene and toluene was higher in quality control and gasoline loading operators-the median exposure ranged from 0.16 to 1.63 ppm for benzene and 0.2 to 2.72 ppm for toluene. Median exposure of other group members to BTEX compounds was below the detection limit of analytical method (0.07, 0.06, 0.05, and 0.05 ppm, respectively). The level of toluene exposure measured showed correlation with neither post-shift urinary hippuric acid (Spearman's rho = 0.128, p = 0.982) nor with the difference between post- and pre-shift urinary hippuric acid (Spearman's rho = 0.089, p = 0.847) in depot operational workers. CONCLUSION: Gasoline loading operators are exposed to a relatively high level of benzene. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rezazadeh Azari,M., Naghavi Konjin,Z., Zayeri,F., Salehpour,S., Seyedi,M.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The importance of exposure rate on odds ratios by cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption for esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium	2012	Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. lubinj@mail.nih.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 36 Issue 3 Start Page 306 Other Pages 316 Notes LR: 20150325; CI: Published by Elsevier Ltd.; GR: CA59636/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K05 CA124911/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA015704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA57947-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DK063616/DK/NIDD Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1877-783X; 1877-7821 Accession Number PMID: 22504051 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.canep.2012.03.001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22504051 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), esophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma (EGJA) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and alcohol consumption with ESCC. However, no analyses have examined how delivery rate modifies the strength of odds ratio (OR) trends with total exposure, i.e., the impact on the OR for a fixed total exposure of high exposure rate for short duration compared with low exposure rate for long duration. METHODS: The authors pooled data from 12 case-control studies from the Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON), including 1242 (EAC), 1263 (EGJA) and 954 (ESCC) cases and 7053 controls, modeled joint ORs for cumulative exposure and exposure rate for cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, and evaluated effect modification by sex, body mass index (BMI), age and self-reported acid reflux. RESULTS: For smoking, all sites exhibited inverse delivery rate effects, whereby ORs with pack-years increased, but trends weakened with increasing cigarettes/day. None of the examined factors modified associations, except for ESCC where younger ages at diagnosis enhanced smoking effects (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lubin,J.H., Cook,M.B., Pandeya,N., Vaughan,T.L., Abnet,C.C., Giffen,C., Webb,P.M., Murray,L.J., Casson,A.G., Risch,H.A., Ye,W., Kamangar,F., Bernstein,L., Sharp,L., Nyren,O., Gammon,M.D., Corley,D.A., Wu,A.H., Brown,L.M., Chow,W.H., Ward,M.H., Freedman,N.D., Whiteman,D.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120413 PMCID PMC3489030 Editors

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