WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Who uses snus? A study of Texas adolescents	2012	Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. alexandra.loukas@mail.utexas.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 14 Issue 5 Start Page 626 Other Pages 630 Notes JID: 9815751; 2011/09/08 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 21908457 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntr205 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21908457 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Snus, a smokeless tobacco product, was introduced in the United States in 2006. Because it is available in a variety of flavors and is relatively easy to conceal, snus might be particularly attractive to adolescents. Yet, no studies have examined snus use in U.S. adolescents. This brief report examined (a) differences between adolescent snus users and non-snus users on a variety of demographic, behavioral, and intrapersonal factors and (b) prevalence of snus use among current users of various other tobacco products versus nontobacco users. METHODS: Participants were 8,472 6th- to 12th-grade students who voluntarily completed the 87-item Texas Youth Tobacco Survey during class time. RESULTS: Overall, 7.1% of students reported ever trying snus; of these, 77% were male, 68% were in high school, and 46% were White. Mixed-effects regression models indicated that the prevalence of cigarette, chew, cigar, and alcohol use was higher among snus users than among non-snus users. Compared with non-snus users, snus users performed more poorly in school and perceived snus, cigarettes, chew, and cigars to be less dangerous. Finally, current users of cigarettes, chew, and cigars had a higher prevalence of snus use than did their peers who did not use the respective products. CONCLUSIONS: Among U.S. adolescents, snus use may be part of a constellation of health compromising behaviors. Additional research is needed to determine who is using snus and identify the determinants and consequences of snus use, all of which can inform interventions and policies aimed at decreasing tobacco use among youth. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Loukas,A., Batanova,M.D., Velazquez,C.E., Lang,W.J., Sneden,G.G., Pasch,K.E., Karn,S.S., Robertson,T.R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110908 PMCID Editors
College Students' Polytobacco Use, Cigarette Cessation, and Dependence	2016	Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. alexandra.loukas@austin.utexas.edu.; Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.; Department of Kinesio	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Health Behavior Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Health Behav. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 40 Issue 4 Start Page 514 Other Pages 522 Notes JID: 9602338; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1945-7359; 1087-3244 Accession Number PMID: 27338998 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.5993/AJHB.40.4.13 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27338998 Abstract OBJECTIVES: We examined patterns of tobacco and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among college students. Differences in sociodemographic characteristics between non-users of these products and 4 mutually exclusive groups of tobacco/e-cigarette users were assessed. Differences in cigarette cessation attempts and dependence between exclusive cigarette smokers and users of cigarettes and at least one alternative tobacco product also were examined. METHODS: Participants were 5468 18-29 year-old students from 24 colleges in Texas who completed an online survey. RESULTS: Multiple-product use was more prevalent than single-product use. All 4 current tobacco/e-cigarette-user groups were more likely than non-users to be men and older. College students who were younger when they smoked their first cigarette, and those reporting ever needing a cigarette, were more likely to be multiple-product users than cigarette-only users. There were no group differences in cigarette cessation attempts or any other variables. CONCLUSIONS: Using multiple products is associated with some indicators of dependence, but does not seem to aid or deter college students' smoking cessation attempts. Longitudinal research is needed given that transitions in tobacco/e-cigarette use continue throughout young adulthood. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Loukas,A., Chow,S., Pasch,K.E., Li,X., Hinds Iii,J.T., Marti,C.N., Harrell,M.B., Creamer,M.R., Perry,C.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence and harm perceptions of various tobacco products among college students	2014	Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, TX.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 16 Issue 5 Start Page 519 Other Pages 526 Notes JID: 9815751; 2013/11/09 [aheadofprint]; 2013/12/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24212764 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntt174 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24212764 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Although use of non-cigarette alternative tobacco products (ATPs) is increasingly prevalent in the United States, little is known about the varying patterns of tobacco use among college students. This study examined prevalence of ATP use and differences across 4 groups of students (nontobacco, cigarette-only, polytobacco, and ATP-only users) on perceptions of danger and beliefs about government safety evaluation of tobacco products. METHODS: An online survey was administered to 5,028 students attending 7 public universities within a larger university system (M age = 20.5 years, 59.6% female, 54.6% Hispanic/Latino). Multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate differences between the 4 groups on perceived danger of tobacco products and beliefs regarding government safety evaluation of these products. RESULTS: Prevalence of ATP use among the sample ranged from 0.4% for dissolvable tobacco to 10.8% for hookah. Group membership was significantly associated with perceived danger of each tobacco product, whereby cigarette-only and ATP-only users reported significantly higher levels of perceived danger for most ATPs than did polytobacco users. Furthermore, cigarette-only, polytobacco, and ATP-only users were significantly more likely than nonusers to believe that the government evaluates some tobacco products for safety. CONCLUSIONS: ATP use among young adult college students is prevalent. Furthermore, students who use ATPs in conjunction with cigarettes (i.e., polytobacco users) appear to be at highest risk for the continuation and subsequent dependence on nicotine, given their danger perceptions and beliefs of government evaluation. Future research examining trajectories of use, particularly among polytobacco users, is needed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Latimer,L.A., Batanova,M., Loukas,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131109 PMCID Editors
Measurements of vascular function using strain-gauge plethysmography: technical considerations, standardization, and physiological findings	2004	Department of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. mwelsch@lsu.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of physiology.Heart and circulatory physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Physiol.Heart Circ.Physiol. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 286 Issue 1 Start Page H99 Other Pages H107 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 100901228; CIN: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004 Aug;287(2):H981. PMID: 15277210; 2003/09/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0363-6135; 0363-6135 Accession Number PMID: 14512279 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1152/ajpheart.00529.2003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14512279 Abstract The main purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between measures of fitness [estimated peak oxygen consumption (V(O2) peak) and handgrip strength] and forearm vascular function in 55 young (22.6 +/- 3.5 yr) adults. In addition, the present study considered methodological and technical aspects regarding the examination of the venous system using mercury in-Silastic strain-gauge plethysmography (MSGP). Forearm venous capacitance and outflow were examined using five different [7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 mmHg < diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] venous occlusion pressures and after a 5- and 10-min period of venous occlusion. A pressure of 7 mmHg < DBP and a period of 10 min venous occlusion produced the greatest (P < 0.05) venous capacitance and outflow, without altering arterial indexes. Reproducibility of forearm arterial and venous indexes were evaluated at rest and after 5 min of upper arm arterial occlusion at 240 mmHg on three different occasions within 10 days with the interclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.70 and 0.94. Estimated V(O2) peak correlated with postocclusion arterial inflow (r = 0.54, P = 0.012) and resting venous outflow (r = 0.56, P = 0.016). Finally, handgrip strength was associated with venous capacitance (r = 0.57, P = 0.007) and outflow (r = 0.67, P = 0.001). These results indicate that the examination of forearm vascular function using MSGP is reproducible. Moreover, the data show the importance of careful consideration of the selection of venous occlusion pressure and period when implementing these measures in longitudinal trials. Finally, the associations between fitness and venous measures suggest a link between venous function and exercise performance. Descriptors Adult, Arteries/physiology, Blood Pressure, Constriction, Female, Forearm/blood supply, Hand Strength, Humans, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, Plethysmography/methods, Reproducibility of Results, Veins/physiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Alomari,M. A., Solomito,A., Reyes,R., Khalil,S. M., Wood,R. H., Welsch,M. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20030925 PMCID Editors
Metatranscriptomic analysis of lactic acid bacterial gene expression during kimchi fermentation	2013	Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of food microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 15-May Volume 163 Issue 3-Feb Start Page 171 Other Pages 179 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 8412849; 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 2012/12/24 [received]; 2013/02/26 [revised]; 2013/02/27 [accepted]; 2013/03/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-3460; 0168-1605 Accession Number PMID: 23558201 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.022 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23558201 Abstract Barcode-based 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing showed that the kimchi microbiome was dominated by six lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Leuconostoc (Lc.) mesenteroides, Lactobacillus (Lb.) sakei, Weissella (W.) koreensis, Lc. gelidum, Lc. carnosum, and Lc. gasicomitatum. Therefore, we used completed genome sequences of representatives of these bacteria to investigate metatranscriptomic gene-expression profiles during kimchi fermentation. Total mRNA was extracted from kimchi samples taken at five time points during a 29 day-fermentation. Nearly all (97.7%) of the metagenome sequences that were recruited on all LAB genomes of GenBank mapped onto the six LAB strains; this high coverage rate indicated that this approach for assessing processes carried out by the kimchi microbiome was valid. Expressed mRNA sequences (as cDNA) were determined using Illumina GA IIx. Assignment of mRNA sequences to metabolic genes using MG-RAST revealed the prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism and lactic acid fermentation. The mRNA sequencing reads were mapped onto genomes of the six LAB strains, which showed that Lc. mesenteroides was most active during the early-stage fermentation, whereas gene expression by Lb. sakei and W. koreensis was high during later stages. However, gene expression by Lb. sakei decreased rapidly at 25 days of fermentation, which was possibly caused by bacteriophage infection of the Lactobacillus species. Many genes related to carbohydrate transport and hydrolysis and lactate fermentation were actively expressed, which indicated typical heterolactic acid fermentation. Mannitol dehydrogenase-encoding genes (mdh) were identified from all Leuconostoc species and especially Lc. mesenteroides, which harbored three copies (two copies on chromosome and one copy on plasmid) of mdh with different expression patterns. These results contribute to knowledge of the active populations and gene expression in the LAB community responsible for an important fermentation process. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Jung,J.Y., Lee,S.H., Jin,H.M., Hahn,Y., Madsen,E.L., Jeon,C.O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130306 PMCID Editors
Quantifying the Short-Term Costs of Conservation Interventions for Fishers at Lake Alaotra, Madagascar	2015	Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom; Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom.; Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Imperia	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 24-Jun Volume 10 Issue 6 Start Page e0129440 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150630; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC4481106; 2015 [ecollection]; 2014/07/13 [received]; 2015/05/06 [accepted]; 2015/06/24 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 26107284 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0129440 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26107284 Abstract Artisanal fisheries are a key source of food and income for millions of people, but if poorly managed, fishing can have declining returns as well as impacts on biodiversity. Management interventions such as spatial and temporal closures can improve fishery sustainability and reduce environmental degradation, but may carry substantial short-term costs for fishers. The Lake Alaotra wetland in Madagascar supports a commercially important artisanal fishery and provides habitat for a Critically Endangered primate and other endemic wildlife of conservation importance. Using detailed data from more than 1,600 fisher catches, we used linear mixed effects models to explore and quantify relationships between catch weight, effort, and spatial and temporal restrictions to identify drivers of fisher behaviour and quantify the potential effect of fishing restrictions on catch. We found that restricted area interventions and fishery closures would generate direct short-term costs through reduced catch and income, and these costs vary between groups of fishers using different gear. Our results show that conservation interventions can have uneven impacts on local people with different fishing strategies. This information can be used to formulate management strategies that minimise the adverse impacts of interventions, increase local support and compliance, and therefore maximise conservation effectiveness. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wallace,A.P., Milner-Gulland,E.J., Jones,J.P., Bunnefeld,N., Young,R., Nicholson,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150624 PMCID PMC4481106 Editors
Using twitter to examine smoking behavior and perceptions of emerging tobacco products	2013	Department of Linguistics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 29-Aug Volume 15 Issue 8 Start Page e174 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150423; GR: U01 CA154280/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U01CA154280/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U54 HL108460/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U54HL108460/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3758063; OTO: NOTNLM; Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 23989137 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.2534 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23989137 Abstract BACKGROUND: Social media platforms such as Twitter are rapidly becoming key resources for public health surveillance applications, yet little is known about Twitter users' levels of informedness and sentiment toward tobacco, especially with regard to the emerging tobacco control challenges posed by hookah and electronic cigarettes. OBJECTIVE: To develop a content and sentiment analysis of tobacco-related Twitter posts and build machine learning classifiers to detect tobacco-relevant posts and sentiment towards tobacco, with a particular focus on new and emerging products like hookah and electronic cigarettes. METHODS: We collected 7362 tobacco-related Twitter posts at 15-day intervals from December 2011 to July 2012. Each tweet was manually classified using a triaxial scheme, capturing genre, theme, and sentiment. Using the collected data, machine-learning classifiers were trained to detect tobacco-related vs irrelevant tweets as well as positive vs negative sentiment, using Naive Bayes, k-nearest neighbors, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. Finally, phi contingency coefficients were computed between each of the categories to discover emergent patterns. RESULTS: The most prevalent genres were first- and second-hand experience and opinion, and the most frequent themes were hookah, cessation, and pleasure. Sentiment toward tobacco was overall more positive (1939/4215, 46% of tweets) than negative (1349/4215, 32%) or neutral among tweets mentioning it, even excluding the 9% of tweets categorized as marketing. Three separate metrics converged to support an emergent distinction between, on one hand, hookah and electronic cigarettes corresponding to positive sentiment, and on the other hand, traditional tobacco products and more general references corresponding to negative sentiment. These metrics included correlations between categories in the annotation scheme (phihookah-positive=0.39; phi(e-cigs)-positive=0.19); correlations between search keywords and sentiment (chi(2)(4)=414.50, P<.001 cramer="" v="0.36)," and="" the="" most="" discriminating="" unigram="" features="" for="" positive="" negative="" sentiment="" ranked="" by="" log="" odds="" ratio="" in="" machine="" learning="" component="" of="" study.="" automated="" classification="" tasks="" svms="" using="" a="" relatively="" small="" number="" achieved="" best="" performance="" tobacco-related="" from="" unrelated="" tweets="" score="0.85)." conclusions:="" novel="" insights="" available="" through="" twitter="" tobacco="" surveillance="" are="" attested="" high="" prevalence="" sentiment.="" this="" is="" correlated="" complex="" ways="" with="" social="" image="" personal="" experience="" recently="" popular="" products="" such="" as="" hookah="" electronic="" cigarettes.="" several="" apparent="" perceptual="" disconnects="" between="" these="" their="" health="" effects="" suggest="" opportunities="" control="" education.="" finally="" posts="" shows="" promising="" edge="" over="" strictly="" keyword-based="" approaches="" yielding="" an="" improved="" signal-to-noise="" data="" paving="" way="" applications.=""> Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Myslin,M., Zhu,S.H., Chapman,W., Conway,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130829 PMCID PMC3758063 Editors
Effects of dissuasive packaging on young adult smokers	2011	Department of Marketing, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand. janet.hoek@otago.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form May Volume 20 Issue 3 Start Page 183 Other Pages 188 Notes JID: 9209612; 2010/10/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 20966135 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2010.037861 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20966135 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco industry documents illustrate how packaging promotes smoking experimentation and reinforces existing smokers' behaviour. Plain packaging reduces the perceived attractiveness of smoking and creates an opportunity to introduce larger pictorial warnings that could promote cessation-linked behaviours. However, little is known about the effects such a combined policy measure would have on smokers' behaviour. METHODS: A 3 (warning size) 4 (branding level) plus control (completely plain pack) best-worst experiment was conducted via face-to-face interviews with 292 young adult smokers from a New Zealand provincial city. The Juster Scale was also used to estimate cessation-linked behaviours among participants. RESULTS: Of the 13 options tested, respondents were significantly less likely to choose those featuring fewer branding elements or larger health warnings. Options that featured more branding elements were still preferred even when they also featured a 50% health warning, but were significantly less likely to be chosen when they featured a 75% warning. Comparison of a control pack representing the status quo (branded with 30% front of pack warning) and a plain pack (with a 75% warning) revealed the latter would be significantly more likely to elicit cessation-related behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: Plain packs that feature large graphic health warnings are significantly more likely to promote cessation among young adult smokers than fully or partially branded packs. The findings support the introduction of plain packaging and suggest use of unbranded package space to feature larger health warnings would further promote cessation. Descriptors* Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hoek,J., Wong,C., Gendall,P., Louviere,J., Cong,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20101021 PMCID Editors
Influence of integrated services on postpartum family planning use: a cross-sectional survey from urban Senegal	2013	Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. ilene_speizer@unc.edu.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 14-Aug Volume 13 Issue Start Page 752 Other Pages 2458-13-752 Notes GR: 5 R24 HD050924/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: R24 HD050924/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3846684; 2013/01/16 [received]; 2013/08/08 [accepted]; 2013/08/14 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 23941611 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-752 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23941611 Abstract BACKGROUND: Although the majority of postpartum women indicate a desire to delay a next birth, family planning (FP) methods are often not offered to, or taken up by, women in the first year postpartum. This study uses data from urban Senegal to examine exposure to FP information and services at the time of delivery and at child immunization appointments and to determine if these points of integration are associated with greater use of postpartum FP. METHODS: A representative, household sample of women, ages 15-49, was surveyed from six cities in Senegal in 2011. This study focuses on women who were within two years postpartum (n = 1879). We also include women who were surveyed through exit interviews after a visit to a high volume health facility in the same six cities; clients included were visiting the health facility for delivery, post-abortion care, postnatal care, and child immunization services (n = 794). Descriptive analyses are presented to examine exposure to FP services among postpartum women and women visiting the health facility. Logistic regression models are used to estimate the effect of integrated services on postpartum FP use in the household sample of women. Analyses were conducted using Stata version 12. RESULTS: Among exit interview clients, knowledge of integrated services is high but only a few reported receiving FP services. A majority of the women who did not receive FP services indicated an interest in receiving such information and services.Among the household sample of women up to two-years postpartum, those who received FP information at the time of delivery are more likely to be using modern FP postpartum than their counterparts who also delivered in a facility but did not receive such information. Exposure to FP services at an immunization visit was not significantly related to postpartum FP use. Another key finding is that women with greater self-efficacy are more likely to use a modern FP method. CONCLUSION: This study's findings lend strong support for the need to improve integration of FP services into maternal, newborn, and child health services with the goal of increasing postpartum women's use of FP methods in urban Senegal. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Speizer,I.S., Fotso,J.C., Okigbo,C., Faye,C.M., Seck,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130814 PMCID PMC3846684 Editors
Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives	2015	Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Psychology, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Department of Safety of Pesticides, German	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 24 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page i22 Other Pages i30 Notes LR: 20150319; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: P50DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R0 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 25666550 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051907 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25666550 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological properties of waterpipe smoke. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major databases between 1991 and 2014. Search keywords included a combination of: waterpipe, narghile, hookah, shisha along with names of chemical compounds and classes of compounds, in addition to terms commonly used in cellular biology and aerosol sizing. STUDY SELECTION: The search was limited to articles published in English which reported novel data on waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) toxicant content, biological activity or particle size and which met various criteria for analytical rigour including: method specificity and selectivity, precision, accuracy and recovery, linearity, range, and stability. DATA EXTRACTION: Multiple researchers reviewed the reports and collectively agreed on which data were pertinent for inclusion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Waterpipe smoke contains significant concentrations of toxicants thought to cause dependence, heart disease, lung disease and cancer in cigarette smokers, and includes 27 known or suspected carcinogens. Waterpipe smoke is a respirable aerosol that induces cellular responses associated with pulmonary and arterial diseases. Except nicotine, smoke generated using tobacco-free preparations marketed for 'health conscious' users contains the same or greater doses of toxicants, with the same cellular effects as conventional products. Toxicant yield data from the analytical laboratory are consistent with studies of exposure biomarkers in waterpipe users. CONCLUSIONS: A sufficient evidence base exists to support public health interventions that highlight the fact that WTS presents a serious inhalation hazard. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shihadeh,A., Schubert,J., Klaiany,J., El Sabban,M., Luch,A., Saliba,N.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150209 PMCID PMC4345918 Editors

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