Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author Sort ascending | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indoor particulate matter and secondhand smoke: simulation of an exposure scenario | 2014 | Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annali di Igiene : Medicina Preventiva e di Comunita
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Ig.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar-Apr
Volume
26
Issue
2
Start Page
186
Other Pages
189
Notes
JID: 9002865; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
Italy
ISSN/ISBN
1120-9135; 1120-9135
Accession Number
PMID: 24763452
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.7416/ai.2014.1975 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24763452
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate secondhand smoke (SHS) contribution on indoor Particulate Matter (PM) concentrations due to a single smoked cigarette in a real exposure scenario. METHODS: Total Suspended Particles (TSP) and sizes =10 (PM(10)), =4 (PM(4)), =2.5 (PM(2.5)), and =1 mum (PM(1)) levels were measured before, during and after smoking in an enclosed smoke-free environment. The measurement was stopped 30 minutes after extinguishing the cigarette, to focus the monitoring just on SHS. RESULTS: PM(1) concentrations dramatically increased during and 30 minutes after smoking (mean values: 21.1, 1544.0 and 279.0 mug/m3 before, during and after, respectively), while the other PM fractions remained almost unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: This experiment implies that smoking even one cigarette produces important indoor air pollution which may considerably increase individual exposure to ultrafine particles, and, consequently, pose a serious threat to health.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Protano,C., Cattaruzza,M.S., Osborn,J.F., Vitali,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| From directive to practice: are pictorial warnings and plain packaging effective to reduce the tobacco addiction? | 2015 | Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: alice.mannocci@uniroma1.it.; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.; Department | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
129
Issue
12
Start Page
1563
Other Pages
1570
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0376507; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/09/01 [received]; 2015/03/11 [revised]; 2015/08/22 [accepted]; 2015/12/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1476-5616; 0033-3506
Accession Number
PMID: 26452706
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.puhe.2015.08.014 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26452706
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Tobacco packaging represents an important form of promotion of tobacco products and for this reason plain packaging (PP) can be considered an additional tobacco control measure. In Italy the current tobacco packaging is branded with textual warnings. The study investigated the perception of PP with textual warnings (PPTWs) and pictorial warnings (PPPWs) in Italy. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: The study was conducted on adults who were current, never and former smokers. The participants watched out three types of packages (current packaging, PPTWs and PPPWs) and eight pictorial warnings, and indicated which they considered the most effective ones to motivate smoking cessation or reduction and to prevent the onset. RESULTS: 1065 subjects were recruited. The PPPWs were considered the most effective in motivating to quit, reduce and prevent the smoking habits (ranged 83.4%-96.1%) in all tobacco users and age groups (40 years) (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Mannocci,A., Colamesta,V., Mipatrini,D., Messina,G., Gualano,M.R., Gianfagna,F., Boccia,G., Langiano,E., Nicolotti,N., Veronesi,G., Siliquini,R., De Vito,E., La Torre,G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20151210
PMCID
Editors
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| Air pollution in Boston bars before and after a smoking ban | 2006 | Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA. repace@comcast.net | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
27-Oct
Volume
6
Issue
Start Page
266
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20140907; JID: 100968562; 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC1637107; 2006/04/28 [received]; 2006/10/27 [accepted]; 2006/10/27 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 17069654
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
1471-2458-6-266 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17069654
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We quantified the air quality benefits of a smoke-free workplace law in Boston Massachusetts, U.S.A., by measuring air pollution from secondhand smoke (SHS) in 7 pubs before and after the law, comparing actual ventilation practices to engineering society (ASHRAE) recommendations, and assessing SHS levels using health and comfort indices. METHODS: We performed real-time measurements of respirable particle (RSP) air pollution and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAH), in 7 pubs and outdoors in a model-based design yielding air exchange rates for RSP removal. We also assessed ventilation rates from carbon dioxide concentrations. We compared RSP air pollution to the federal Air Quality Index (AQI) and the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) to assess health risks, and assessed odor and irritation levels using published SHS-RSP thresholds. RESULTS: Pre-smoking-ban RSP levels in 6 pubs (one pub with a non-SHS air quality problem was excluded) averaged 179 microg/m3, 23 times higher than post-ban levels, which averaged 7.7 microg/m3, exceeding the NAAQS for fine particle pollution (PM2.5) by nearly 4-fold. Pre-smoking ban levels of fine particle air pollution in all 7 of the pubs were in the Unhealthy to Hazardous range of the AQI. In the same 6 pubs, pre-ban indoor carcinogenic PPAH averaged 61.7 ng/m3, nearly 10 times higher than post-ban levels of 6.32 ng/m3. Post-ban particulate air pollution levels were in the Good AQI range, except for 1 venue with a defective gas-fired deep-fat fryer, while post-ban carcinogen levels in all 7 pubs were lower than outdoors. CONCLUSION: During smoking, although pub ventilation rates per occupant were within ASHRAE design parameters for the control of carbon dioxide levels for the number of occupants present, they failed to control SHS carcinogens or RSP. Nonsmokers' SHS odor and irritation sensory thresholds were massively exceeded. Post-ban air pollution measurements showed 90% to 95% reductions in PPAH and RSP respectively, differing little from outdoor concentrations. Ventilation failed to control SHS, leading to increased risk of the diseases of air pollution for nonsmoking workers and patrons. Boston's smoking ban eliminated this risk.
Descriptors
Air Movements, Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Boston, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Occupational Exposure/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Program Evaluation, Public Policy, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence, Risk Assessment, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Ventilation/standards
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Repace,J. L., Hyde,J. N., Brugge,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20061027
PMCID
PMC1637107
Editors
|
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| Does stage-based smoking cessation advice in pregnancy result in long-term quitters? 18-month postpartum follow-up of a randomized controlled trial | 2005 | Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham UK. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addiction
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
100
Issue
1
Start Page
107
Other Pages
116
Notes
LR: 20071115; JID: 9304118; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
0965-2140; 0965-2140
Accession Number
PMID: 15598198
Language
eng
SubFile
Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
ADD936 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
15598198
Abstract
AIMS: To evaluate the effect on quitting smoking at 18 months postpartum of smoking cessation interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) delivered in pregnancy compared to current standard care. It has been claimed that TTM-based interventions will continue to create quitters after the end of the intervention period. DESIGN: Cluster randomized trial. SETTING: Antenatal clinics in general practices in the West Midlands, UK. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 918 pregnant smokers originally enrolled in the trial, of which 393 women were followed-up at 18 months postpartum. INTERVENTIONS: One hundred general practices were randomized into the three trial arms. Midwives in these practices delivered three interventions: A (standard care), B (TTM-based self-help manuals) and C (TTM-based self-help manuals plus sessions with an interactive computer program giving individualized smoking cessation advice). MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported continuous and point prevalence abstinence since pregnancy. FINDINGS: When combined together, there was a slight and not significant benefit for both TTM arms compared to the control, with an odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.20 (0.29-4.88) for continuous abstinence. For point prevalence abstinence, the OR (95%CI) was 1.15 (0.66-2.03). Seven of the 54 (13%) women who had quit at the end of pregnancy were still quit 18 months later, and there was no evidence that the TTM-based interventions were superior in preventing relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The TTM-based interventions may have shown some evidence of a short-term benefit for quitting in pregnancy but no benefit relative to standard care when followed-up in the longer-term.
Descriptors
Adult, Behavior Therapy/methods, Cluster Analysis, Confidence Intervals, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Promotion, Humans, Odds Ratio, Patient Compliance, Patient Education as Topic/methods, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications/prevention & control, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Treatment Outcome
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lawrence,T., Aveyard,P., Cheng,K. K., Griffin,C., Johnson,C., Croghan,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Fine particle air pollution and secondhand smoke exposures and risks inside 66 US casinos | 2011 | Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. repace@comcast.net | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
111
Issue
4
Start Page
473
Other Pages
484
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 0147621; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2010/04/28 [received]; 2011/02/07 [revised]; 2011/02/12 [accepted]; 2011/03/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0953; 0013-9351
Accession Number
PMID: 21440253
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.007 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21440253
Abstract
Smoking bans often exempt casinos, exposing occupants to fine particles (PM(2.5)) from secondhand smoke. We quantified the relative contributions to PM(2.5) from both secondhand smoke and infiltrating outdoor sources in US casinos. We measured real-time PM(2.5), particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAH), and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) (as an index of ventilation rate) inside and outside 8 casinos in Reno, Nevada. We combined these data with data from previous studies, yielding a total of 66 US casinos with smoking in California, Delaware, Nevada, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, developing PM(2.5) frequency distributions, with 3 nonsmoking casinos for comparison. Geometric means for PM(2.5) were 53.8 mug/m(3) (range 18.5-205 mug/m(3)) inside smoking casinos, 4.3 mug/m(3) (range 0.26-29.7 mug/m(3)) outside those casinos, and 3.1 mug/m(3) (range 0.6-9 mug/m(3)) inside 3 nonsmoking casinos. In a subset of 21 Reno and Las Vegas smoking casinos, PM(2.5) in gaming areas averaged 45.2 mug/m(3) (95% CI, 37.7-52.7 mug/m(3)); adjacent nonsmoking casino restaurants averaged 27.2 mug/m(3) (95% CI, 17.5-36.9 mug/m(3)), while PM(2.5) outside the casinos averaged 3.9 mug/m(3) (95% CI, 2.5-5.3 mug/m(3)). For a subset of 10 Nevada and Pennsylvania smoking casinos, incremental (indoor-outdoor) PM(2.5) was correlated with incremental PPAH (R(2)=0.79), with ventilation rate-adjusted smoker density (R(2)=0.73), and with smoker density (R(2)=0.60), but not with ventilation rates (R(2)=0.15). PPAH levels in 8 smoking casinos in 3 states averaged 4 times outdoors. The nonsmoking casinos' PM(2.5) (n=3) did not differ from outdoor levels, nor did their PPAH (n=2). Incremental PM(2.5) from secondhand smoke in approximately half the smoking casinos exceeded a level known to produce cardiovascular morbidity in nonsmokers after less than 2h of exposure, posing acute health risks to patrons and workers. Casino ventilation and air cleaning practices failed to control secondhand smoke PM(2.5). Drifting PM(2.5) from secondhand smoke contaminated unseparated nonsmoking areas. Smoke-free casinos reduced PM(2.5) to the same low levels found outdoors.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Repace,J.L., Jiang,R.T., Acevedo-Bolton,V., Cheng,K.C., Klepeis,N.E., Ott,W.R., Hildemann,L.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110325
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Changing patterns of tobacco use in a middle-aged population: the role of snus, gender, age, and education | 2011 | Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umea University, Sweden. margareta.norberg@epiph.umu.se | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Global health action
Periodical, Abbrev.
Glob.Health.Action
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
4
Issue
Start Page
10.3402/gha.v4i0.5613. Epub 2011 Jun 3
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20150204; JID: 101496665; OID: NLM: PMC3118776; OTO: NOTNLM; 2010/09/10 [received]; 2011/03/21 [revised]; 2011/05/03 [accepted]; 2011/06/03 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Sweden
ISSN/ISBN
1654-9880; 1654-9880
Accession Number
PMID: 21695071
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3402/gha.v4i0.5613 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21695071
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In Sweden, the smoking prevalence has declined. In 2007, it was among the lowest in the industrialized world. A steady increase in the use of Swedish oral moist snuff, snus, has occurred in parallel. This development is neither solicited by authorities nor the medical establishment, but rather has occurred along with increased awareness of the dangers of smoking, and has been promoted by product development and marketing of snus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate time trends in patterns of tobacco use in northern Sweden during 1990-2007. DESIGN: Cross-sectional (99,381 subjects) and longitudinal (26,867 subjects) data from the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme (VIP) 1990-2007 were analyzed. All adults in Vasterbotten County are invited to a VIP health examination at ages 40, 50, and 60 years, and until 1995 also 30 years. Smoking and use of snus were evaluated by gender, age and educational groups. Intermittent smoking was categorized as smoking. RESULTS: From the period 1990-1995 to the period 2002-2007, smoking prevalence decreased from 26 to 16% among men and from 27 to 18% among women. The differences in prevalence increased between educational groups. The decline in smoking was less and the increase of snus use was greater among those with basic education. The use of snus among basic-educated 40-year-olds reached 35% among men and 14% among women during 2002-2007. Dual smoking and snus use increased among men and women with basic education. Smoking without snus use was more prevalent among women. Gender differences in total smoking prevalence (smoking only plus dual use) were small in all age groups, but increased among those with basic education reaching 7.3% during 2002-2007, with women being more frequent smokers. Smoking prevalences were similar among never, former and current snus users. Among the 30,000 former smokers, 38% of men and 64% of women had never used snus. Longitudinal data showed a decline in total tobacco use from baseline until follow-up and this was mainly due to a smoking cessation rate of
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Norberg,M., Lundqvist,G., Nilsson,M., Gilljam,H., Weinehall,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110603
PMCID
PMC3118776
Editors
|
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| Determinants of waterpipe use amongst adolescents in Northern Sweden: a survey of use pattern, risk perception, and environmental factors | 2015 | Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. rathi.ramji@pubcare.uu.se.; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. judy.arnetz@hc.msu.edu.; Department of Family Medicine, | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC research notes
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Res.Notes
Pub Date Free Form
15-Sep
Volume
8
Issue
Start Page
441
Other Pages
015-1413-4
Notes
LR: 20150918; JID: 101462768; OID: NLM: PMC4570251; 2014/10/07 [received]; 2015/09/07 [accepted]; 2015/09/15 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1756-0500; 1756-0500
Accession Number
PMID: 26374502
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/s13104-015-1413-4 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26374502
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Determinants of waterpipe use in adolescents are believed to differ from those for other tobacco products, but there is a lack of studies of possible social, cultural, or psychological aspects of waterpipe use in this population. This study applied a socioecological model to explore waterpipe use, and its relationship to other tobacco use in Swedish adolescents. METHODS: A total of 106 adolescents who attended an urban high-school in northern Sweden responded to an anonymous questionnaire. Prevalence rates for waterpipe use were examined in relation to socio-demographics, peer pressure, sensation seeking behavior, harm perception, environmental factors, and depression. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent reported ever having smoked waterpipe (ever use), with 30% having done so during the last 30 days (current use). Among waterpipe ever users, 60% had ever smoked cigarettes in comparison to 32% of non-waterpipe smokers (95% confidence interval 1.4-7.9). The odds of having ever smoked waterpipe were three times higher among male high school seniors as well as students with lower grades. Waterpipe ever users had three times higher odds of having higher levels of sensation-seeking (95% confidence interval 1.2-9.5) and scored high on the depression scales (95% confidence interval 1.6-6.8) than non-users. The odds of waterpipe ever use were four times higher for those who perceived waterpipe products to have pleasant smell compared to cigarettes (95% confidence interval 1.7-9.8). Waterpipe ever users were twice as likely to have seen waterpipe use on television compared to non-users (95% confidence interval 1.1-5.7). The odds of having friends who smoked regularly was eight times higher for waterpipe ever users than non-users (95% confidence interval 2.1-31.2). CONCLUSION: The current study reports a high use of waterpipe in a select group of students in northern Sweden. The study adds the importance of looking at socioecological determinants of use, including peer pressure and exposure to media marketing, as well as mental health among users.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ramji,R., Arnetz,J., Nilsson,M., Jamil,H., Norstrom,F., Maziak,W., Wiklund,Y., Arnetz,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150915
PMCID
PMC4570251
Editors
|
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| Waterpipe smoking among college students in the United States: a review of the literature | 2012 | Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. grekine@wayne.edu | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of American college health : J of ACH
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Am.Coll.Health
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
60
Issue
3
Start Page
244
Other Pages
249
Notes
JID: 8214119; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1940-3208; 0744-8481
Accession Number
PMID: 22420702
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
10.1080/07448481.2011.589419 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22420702
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on college student waterpipe use with a focus on undergraduates in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Undergraduate students. METHODS: Studies were accessed using the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Academic Search Premier. Searches included combinations of the following keywords: "waterpipe," "hookah," "shisha," "nargila," "argileh," "hubble bubble," "college," "university," and "student." RESULTS: Results demonstrate that approximately 1 in 5 American college students report past-year waterpipe use. Results also suggest that there are a number of established correlates of waterpipe smoking, including male gender, Arab ethnicity, cigarette smoking, and the belief that waterpipe smoking is less harmful than cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its harmful health effects, waterpipe smoking is quite common among college students. Future research with better methodologies and theoretical frameworks are needed to advance the field.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Grekin,E.R., Ayna,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Indoor air quality in Virginia waterpipe cafes | 2013 | Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
22
Issue
5
Start Page
338
Other Pages
343
Notes
LR: 20150225; GR: F31DA028102/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA025659/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R25 CA090314/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 22447194
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050350 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22447194
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: A revised indoor air quality law has been implemented in Virginia to protect the public from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke exposure. This legislation contains exemptions that include allowances for smoking in a room that is structurally separated and separately ventilated. The objective of the current study was to examine the impact of this law on air quality in waterpipe cafes, as well as to compare the air quality in these cafes to restaurants that allow cigarette smoking and those where no smoking is permitted. METHODS: Indoor air quality in 28 venues (17 waterpipe cafes, five cigarette smoking-permitted restaurants and six smoke-free restaurants (five with valid data)) in Virginia was assessed during 4 March to 27 May 2011. Real-time measurements of particulate matter (PM) with 2.5 mum aerodynamic diameter or smaller (PM2.5) were obtained and occupant behaviour/venue characteristics were assessed. RESULTS: The highest mean PM2.5 concentration was observed for waterpipe cafe smoking rooms (374 mug/m(3), n=17) followed by waterpipe cafe non-smoking rooms (123 mug/m(3), n=11), cigarette smoking-permitted restaurant smoking rooms (119 mug/m(3), n=5), cigarette smoking-permitted restaurant non-smoking rooms (26 mug/m(3), n=5) and smoke-free restaurants (9 mug/m(3), n=5). Smoking density was positively correlated with PM2.5 across smoking rooms and the smoke-free restaurants. In addition, PM2.5 was positively correlated between smoking and non-smoking rooms of venues. CONCLUSIONS: The PM2.5 concentrations observed among the waterpipe cafes sampled here indicated air quality in the waterpipe cafe smoking rooms was worse than restaurant rooms in which cigarette smoking was permitted, and state-required non-smoking rooms in waterpipe cafes may expose patrons and employees to PM2.5 concentrations above national and international air quality standards. Reducing the health risks of secondhand smoke may require smoke-free establishments in which tobacco smoking sources such as water pipes are, like cigarettes, prohibited.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cobb,C.O., Vansickel,A.R., Blank,M.D., Jentink,K., Travers,M.J., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120324
PMCID
PMC3889072
Editors
|
|||
| Waterpipe tobacco smoking: an emerging health crisis in the United States | 2010 | Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American Journal of Health Behavior
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Health Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
May-Jun
Volume
34
Issue
3
Start Page
275
Other Pages
285
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: R01 CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA103827-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA120142-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States;
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1945-7359; 1087-3244
Accession Number
PMID: 20001185
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM
DOI
10.5555/ajhb.2010.34.3.275 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20001185
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and potential health risks of waterpipe tobacco smoking. METHODS: A literature review was performed to compile information relating to waterpipe tobacco smoking. RESULTS: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in prevalence worldwide; in the United States, 10-20% of some young adult populations are current waterpipe users. Depending on the toxicant measured, a single waterpipe session produces the equivalent of at least 1 and as many as 50 cigarettes. Misconceptions about waterpipe smoke content may lead users to underestimate health risks. CONCLUSION: Inclusion of waterpipe tobacco smoking in tobacco control activities may help reduce its spread.
Descriptors
Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/statistics & numerical data, Lebanon/epidemiology, Nicotine/analysis, Prevalence, Smoke/analysis, Smoking/adverse effects/epidemiology/trends, Substance-Related Disorders/etiology, Syria/epidemiology, Tars/analysis, United States/epidemiology
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Cobb,C., Ward,K. D., Maziak,W., Shihadeh,A. L., Eissenberg,T.
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PMCID
PMC3215592
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