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WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment of the impact of the vehicular traffic on BTEX concentration in ring roads in urban areas of Bari (Italy) | 2010 | Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita degli Studi di Bari, via Orabona 4, Bari, Italy. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Chemosphere
Periodical, Abbrev.
Chemosphere
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
81
Issue
3
Start Page
306
Other Pages
311
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2010; JID: 0320657; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylb
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1879-1298; 0045-6535
Accession Number
PMID: 20696463
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.033 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20696463
Abstract
A BTEX monitoring campaign, consisting of two weekly periods, was carried out in Bari, south-eastern Italy, in order to evaluate the impact of the vehicular traffic on the air quality at the main access roads of the city. Twenty-one sampling sites were selected: the pollution produced by the traffic in the vicinity of all exits from the ring road and some access roads to the city, those with higher traffic density, were monitored. Contemporarily the main meteorological parameters (ambient temperature, wind, atmospheric pressure and natural radioactivity) were investigated. It was found that in the same traffic conditions, barriers, buildings and local meteorological conditions can have important effects on the atmospheric dispersion of pollutants. This situation is more critical in downtown where narrow roads and high buildings avoid an efficient dispersion producing higher levels of BTEX. High spatial resolution monitoring allowed both detecting the most critical areas of the city with high precision and obtaining information on the mean level of pollution, meaning air quality standard of the city. The same concentration pattern and the correlation among BTEX levels in all sites confirmed the presence of a single source, the vehicular traffic, having a strong impact on air quality.
Descriptors
Air Pollutants/analysis, Air Pollution/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Cities, Environmental Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Italy, Toluene/analysis, Transportation, Vehicle Emissions/analysis, Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis, Xylenes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Caselli,M., de Gennaro,G., Marzocca,A., Trizio,L., Tutino,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100808
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Bacterial species associated with traditional starter cultures used for fermented bamboo shoot production in Manipur state of India | 2010 | Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal-795001, Manipur, India. saccharomyces@rediffmail.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of food microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Food Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
30-Sep
Volume
143
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
1
Other Pages
8
Notes
CI: Copyright 2010; JID: 8412849; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (DNA, Intergenic); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 23S); 2010/01/23 [received]; 2010/06/16 [revised]; 2010/07/10 [accepted]; 2010/07/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1879-3460; 0168-1605
Accession Number
PMID: 20696489
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.008 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20696489
Abstract
Soidon is a non-salted acidic fermented food prepared from the succulent bamboo shoot tip of Schizostachyum capitatum Munro by using a traditional liquid starter called "soidon mahi" in Manipur state of India. In this study, 163 bacterial isolates associated with this starter samples were identified and their population distribution was investigated by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), 16S rDNA sequencing and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. This acidic starter (pH 4.5+/-0.15) was dominated by a characteristic association of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) together. The population distribution of dominant species were Bacillus subtilis 29.3%, Bacillus cereus 35.7%, Bacillus pumilus 2.6%, Lactobacillus brevis 9.6%, Lactobacillus plantarum 5.1%, Carnobacterium sp. 11.9%, Enterococcus faecium 1.2% and Pseudomonas fluorescens 4.6%. Alarming population load (10(6)-10(7)cfu/ml) of B. cereus in 87% of starter samples studied should raise concern regarding biosafety of soidon consumption. PCR amplification of 16S-23S rDNA intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region and ITS-RFLP profiles revealed a high diversity with eight subgroups in B. subtilis, five subgroups in B. cereus and three subgroups in L. brevis isolates. The most abundant B. subtilis subgroup IB.1 distributed in most of the samples showed very less clonal variability during RAPD analysis. The molecular methods used in this study identified the dominant strains of Bacillus and LAB distributed in most of the starter samples. These dominant strains of B. subtilis, L. brevis and L. plantarum would allow for developing a defined starter culture for the production of quality soidon.
Descriptors
Bacteria/classification/genetics/growth & development, Bacterial Load, Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods, Bambusa/metabolism/microbiology, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, DNA, Intergenic, DNA, Ribosomal, Fermentation, Food Handling, Food Microbiology, Food Safety, India, Plant Shoots, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, RNA, Ribosomal, 23S, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, Sequence Analysis, DNA
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Jeyaram,K., Romi,W., Singh,T. A., Devi,A. R., Devi,S. S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100715
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Second hand smoke in alfresco areas | 2010 | WA Tobacco Document Searching Program, Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia. j.stafford@curtin.edu.au | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals
Periodical, Abbrev.
Health.Promot.J.Austr
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
21
Issue
2
Start Page
99
Other Pages
105
Notes
JID: 9710936; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
Australia
ISSN/ISBN
1036-1073; 1036-1073
Accession Number
PMID: 20701558
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20701558
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED: There are moves to ban smoking in outdoor areas of pubs, restaurants and cafes. Some argue that this is unnecessary as exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) is minimal. The aim of this study was to determine potential exposure of patrons to SHS in outdoor areas of eating and drinking venues. METHODS: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were measured in the alfresco areas of 28 cafes and pubs. Data were collected on the number of smokers present during sampling and factors that could influence PM2.5concentrations. PM2.5concentrations for periods with and without smokers were compared using paired and independent sample tests. RESULTS: PM2.5 concentrations were significantly increased when there was at least one smoker compared to periods with no smoking (14.25 microg/m3 and 3.98 g/m3, respectively). There was evidence of a dose response increase with mean concentrations for none, one and two or more smokers of 3.98, 10.59and 17.00microg/m3, respectively. The differences remained significant after controlling for other factors. When two or more people were smoking, average PM2.5reached levels the US Environmental Protection Agency warns may put particularly sensitive people at risk of respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking increases PM2.5concentrations in outdoor areas to levels that are potentially hazardous to health.
Descriptors
Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, New South Wales, Particulate Matter/analysis, Restaurants, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Stafford,J., Daube,M., Franklin,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Genetic characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolates of pigs from a Portuguese intensive swine farm | 2010 | Center of Genetics and Biotechnology/Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Foodborne pathogens and disease
Periodical, Abbrev.
Foodborne Pathog.Dis.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
7
Issue
12
Start Page
1569
Other Pages
1573
Notes
JID: 101120121; 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins); 0 (Genetic Markers); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2010/08/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1556-7125; 1535-3141
Accession Number
PMID: 20704503
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1089/fpd.2010.0598 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20704503
Abstract
There is a great concern by the emergence and the wide dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among animal Escherichia coli isolates. We intended to determinate the carriage level and type of ESBLs in E. coli obtained from fecal samples from pigs raised on an intensive pig farm in Portugal; further to characterize other associated resistance genes and their plasmid content, the phylogenetic groups, and the clonal relationship of ESBL-positive isolates. Sixty-five fecal samples were seeded in Levine media supplemented with cefotaxime for E. coli recovery. Susceptibility to 16 antimicrobial agents was performed by disk diffusion agar. ESBL-phenotypic detection was carried out by double-disk test; and the presence of the genes encoding TEM, OXA, SHV, and CTX-M type beta-lactamases was studied by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Other mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic groups were also determined. Clonal relationship was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were detected in 16 fecal samples, and one isolate per sample was studied. The CTX-M-1 type ESBL was detected in the 16 isolates. The gene encoding TEM-1 was identified to be associated with eight CTX-M-1-positive isolates. The tet(A) gene was found in 12 of 14 tetracycline-resistant isolates, and the aadA or strA-strB genes were found in the streptomycin-resistant isolates. Fourteen and two ESBL-containing isolates belonged to A and B1 phylogenetic groups, respectively. Clonal relationship of ESBL-containing isolates identified seven unrelated patterns. Swine represent an important reservoir of ESBL-containing E. coli isolates, especially of the CTX-M-1 type.
Descriptors
Animals, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Escherichia coli/drug effects/enzymology/growth & development/isolation & purification, Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics, Feces/microbiology, Genes, MDR, Genetic Markers, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Plasmids/genetics, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Portugal, Swine/microbiology, beta-Lactamases/genetics
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Goncalves,A., Torres,C., Silva,N., Carneiro,C., Radhouani,H., Coelho,C., Araujo,C., Rodrigues,J., Vinue,L., Somalo,S., Poeta,P., Igrejas,G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100812
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of organic priority pollutants and emerging compounds in wastewater and snow samples using multiresidue protocols on the basis of microextraction by packed sorbents coupled to large volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analy | 2010 | Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. ailette.prieto-sobrina@ufz.de | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
17-Sep
Volume
1217
Issue
38
Start Page
6002
Other Pages
6011
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: 2010; JID: 9318488; 0 (Humic Substances); 0 (Phenols); 0 (Phthalic Acids); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Sewage); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls); 2010/05/21 [received]; 2010/07/22 [revi
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 20719318
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.070 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20719318
Abstract
This paper describes the development and validation of a new procedure for the simultaneous determination of 41 multi-class priority and emerging organic pollutants in water samples using microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) followed by large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LVI-GC-MS). Apart from method parameter optimization the influence of humic acids as matrix components on the extraction efficiency of MEPS procedure was also evaluated. The list of target compounds includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalate esters (PEs), nonylphenols (NPs), bisphenol A (BPA) and selected steroid hormones. The performance of the new at-line microextraction-LVI-GC-MS protocol was compared to standard solid-phase extraction (SPE) and LVI-GC-MS analysis. LODs for 100 mL samples (SPE) ranged from 0.2 to 736 ng L(-1) were obtained. LODs for 800 microL of sample (MEPS) were between 0.2 and 266 ng L(-1). In the case of MEPS methodology even a sample volume of only 800 microL allowed to detect the target compounds. These results demonstrate the high sensitivity of both procedures which permitted to obtain good recoveries (>75%) for all cases. The precision of the methods, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD) was below 21% for all compounds and both methodologies. Finally, the developed methods were applied to the determination of target analytes in various samples, including snow and wastewater.
Descriptors
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Humic Substances, Phenols/analysis/chemistry, Phthalic Acids/analysis/chemistry, Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis/chemistry, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis/chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Sewage/chemistry, Snow/chemistry, Solid Phase Microextraction/methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/chemistry
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Prieto,A., Schrader,S., Moeder,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100803
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease after lung transplantation: pathophysiology and implications for treatment | 2010 | Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Surgery
Periodical, Abbrev.
Surgery
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
148
Issue
4
Start Page
737
Other Pages
44; discussion 744-5
Notes
LR: 20141203; CI: Copyright (c) 2010; GR: T32 AA013527/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 AA013527-08/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 AA013527-09/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0417347; NIHMS279574; OID: NLM: NIHMS279574; OID: NLM: PMC3
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1532-7361; 0039-6060
Accession Number
PMID: 20727564
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.surg.2010.07.011 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20727564
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is thought to be a risk factor for the development or progression of chronic rejection after lung transplantation. However, the prevalence of GERD and its risk factors, including esophageal dysmotility, hiatal hernia and delayed gastric emptying after lung transplantation, are still unknown. In addition, the prevalence of Barrett's esophagus, a known complication of GERD, has not been determined in these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and extent of GERD, as well as the frequency of these risk factors and complications of GERD in lung transplant patients. METHODS: Thirty-five consecutive patients underwent a combination of esophageal function testing, upper endoscopy, barium swallow, and gastric emptying scan after lung transplantation. RESULTS: In this patient population, the prevalence of GERD was 51% and 22% in those who had been retransplanted. Of patients with GERD,36% had ineffective esophageal motility (IEM), compared with 6% of patients without GERD (P = .037). No patient demonstrated hiatal hernia on barium swallow. The prevalence of delayed gastric emptying was 36%. The prevalence of biopsy-confirmed Barrett's esophagus was 12%. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that, after lung transplantation, more than half of patients had GERD, and that GERD was more common after retransplantation. IEM and delayed gastric emptying are frequent in patients with GERD. Hiatal hernia is rare. The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus is not negligible. We conclude that GERD is highly prevalent after lung transplantation, and that delayed gastric emptying and Barrett's esophagus should always be suspected after lung transplantation because they are common risks factors and complications of GERD.
Descriptors
Adult, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology/physiopathology, Humans, Lung Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Mosby, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Davis,C. S., Shankaran,V., Kovacs,E. J., Gagermeier,J., Dilling,D., Alex,C. G., Love,R. B., Sinacore,J., Fisichella,P. M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100821
PMCID
PMC3066258
Editors
|
|||
| Examining the influence of aggressive driving behavior on driver injury severity in traffic crashes | 2010 | The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 1 University Station, C1761, Austin, TX 78712-0278, United States. rajeshp@mail.utexas.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Accident; Analysis and Prevention
Periodical, Abbrev.
Accid.Anal.Prev.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
42
Issue
6
Start Page
1839
Other Pages
1854
Notes
CI: 2010; JID: 1254476; 2009/08/17 [received]; 2010/05/04 [revised]; 2010/05/10 [accepted]; 2010/06/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1879-2057; 0001-4575
Accession Number
PMID: 20728635
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.aap.2010.05.005 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20728635
Abstract
In this paper, we capture the moderating effect of aggressive driving behavior while assessing the influence of a comprehensive set of variables on injury severity. In doing so, we are able to account for the indirect effects of variables on injury severity through their influence on aggressive driving behavior, as well as the direct effect of variables on injury severity. The methodology used in the paper to accommodate the moderating effect of aggressive driving behavior takes the form of two models--one for aggressive driving and another for injury severity. These are appropriately linked to obtain the indirect and direct effects of variables. The data for estimation is obtained from the National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Study (NMVCCS). From an empirical standpoint, we consider a fine age categorization until 20 years of age when examining age effects on aggressive driving behavior and injury severity. There are several important results from the empirical analysis undertaken in the current paper based on post-crash data collection on aggressive behavior participation just prior to the crash and injury severity sustained in a crash. Young drivers (especially novice drivers between 16 and 17 years of age), drivers who are not wearing seat belt, under the influence of alcohol, not having a valid license, and driving a pick-up are found to be most likely to behave aggressively. Situational, vehicle, and roadway factors such as young drivers traveling with young passengers, young drivers driving an SUV or a pick-up truck, driving during the morning rush hour, and driving on roads with high speed limits are also found to trigger aggressive driving behavior. In terms of vehicle occupants, the safest situation from a driver injury standpoint is when there are two or more passengers in the vehicle, at least one of whom is above the age of 20 years. These and many other results are discussed, along with implications of the result for graduated driving licensing (GDL) programs.
Descriptors
Accidents, Traffic/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aggression/psychology, Alcoholic Intoxication/epidemiology/prevention & control, Automobile Driving/psychology, Causality, City Planning, Environment Design, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Econometric, Motor Vehicles, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Seat Belts/utilization, Sex Factors, Social Environment, United States, Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology/psychology, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Paleti,R., Eluru,N., Bhat,C. R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100602
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| An analysis of the shear strength of the bond between enamel and porcelain laminate veneers with different etching systems: acid and Er,Cr:YSGG laser separately and combined | 2011 | Faculty of Dentistry, Prosthodontics Department, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. berivandndr@yahoo.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Lasers in medical science
Periodical, Abbrev.
Lasers Med.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
26
Issue
6
Start Page
777
Other Pages
782
Notes
LR: 20141120; JID: 8611515; 12001-21-7 (Dental Porcelain); 2010/03/27 [received]; 2010/08/03 [accepted]; 2010/08/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1435-604X; 0268-8921
Accession Number
PMID: 20730468
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1007/s10103-010-0827-4 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20730468
Abstract
Conditioning of the enamel surface is now an accepted and widely applied technique used to improve retention in porcelain laminate veneer restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate strength of the bond between porcelain laminate veneers and tooth surfaces etched with acid and laser, separately and together. The teeth studied comprised 60 incisors extracted for periodontal reasons. These were divided into four groups according to etching method: group 1, acid etching alone; group 2, acid etching followed by laser etching; group 3, laser etching followed by acid etching; group 4, laser etching alone. The teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid and a Er,Cr:YSGG laser system. In addition, 60 IPS Empress II cylindrical blocks 2 mm in height and 5 mm in diameter were also prepared for the etched tooth surface. These blocks were bonded to the teeth with dual cured resin cement and shear tests were then performed. After the shear tests, Scanning electron microscopy images of the tooth surfaces were obtained at a magnification of x3,800. Etching with acid alone yielded the highest mean value of bond shear strength (15.4+/-3.8 MPa), while laser etching followed by acid etching gave the lowest mean value (11.5+/-4.6 MPa). The mean values of the bond shear strength for acid etching followed by laser etching and laser etching alone were 13.8+/-3.9 MPa and 12.8+/-4.6 MPa, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the groups. The results suggest that laser etching is easy to apply and less time-consuming. They further suggest that the order in which the acid and laser are applied in combined treatments is important.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Dundar,B., Guzel,K.G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100821
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Corrosive microenvironments at lead solder surfaces arising from galvanic corrosion with copper pipe | 2010 | Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, 407 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental science & technology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Sci.Technol.
Pub Date Free Form
15-Sep
Volume
44
Issue
18
Start Page
7076
Other Pages
7081
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 0213155; 0 (Anions); 0 (Chlorides); 0 (Sulfates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2P299V784P (Lead); 789U1901C5 (Copper); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1520-5851; 0013-936X
Accession Number
PMID: 20738129
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1021/es1015185 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20738129
Abstract
As stagnant water contacts copper pipe and lead solder (simulated soldered joints), a corrosion cell is formed between the metals in solder (Pb, Sn) and the copper. If the resulting galvanic current exceeds about 2 muA/cm(2), a highly corrosive microenvironment can form at the solder surface, with pH < 2.5 and chloride concentrations at least 11 times higher than bulk water levels. Waters with relatively high chloride tend to sustain high galvanic currents, preventing passivation of the solder surface, and contributing to lead contamination of potable water supplies. The total mass of lead corroded was consistent with predictions based on the galvanic current, and lead leaching to water was correlated with galvanic current. If the concentration of sulfate in the water increased relative to chloride, galvanic currents and associated lead contamination could be greatly reduced, and solder surfaces were readily passivated.
Descriptors
Anions, Chlorides/analysis, Copper/chemistry, Corrosion, Electricity, Electrodes, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lead/chemistry, Solubility, Sulfates/analysis, Surface Properties, Water/chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis, Water Supply
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nguyen,C. K., Stone,K. R., Dudi,A., Edwards,M. A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Assessment of genotoxicity of waterpipe and cigarette smoking in lymphocytes using the sister-chromatid exchange assay: a comparative study | 2011 | Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. khabour@just.edu.jo | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Mol.Mutagen.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
52
Issue
3
Start Page
224
Other Pages
228
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2010; JID: 8800109; 0 (Mutagens); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2010/04/12 [received]; 2010/04/21 [accepted]; 2010/08/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-2280; 0893-6692
Accession Number
PMID: 20740646
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1002/em.20601 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20740646
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a major world health problem. Recently, waterpipe smoking has become more popular in many countries. Although the genotoxicity associated with cigarette smoking has been extensively investigated, studies evaluating such toxicity in waterpipe users are still lacking. In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in lymphocytes compared with the genotoxicity of cigarette smoking. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) assay. Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy nonsmokers participated in this study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers (CS) were recruited for comparison. The results show that waterpipe smoking and cigarette smoking significantly increase the frequencies of SCEs (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley-Liss, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Khabour,O.F., Alsatari,E.S., Azab,M., Alzoubi,K.H., Sadiq,M.F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100825
PMCID
Editors
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