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Comparison of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among pupils in the urban area of Sousse, Tunisia. Tunis Med. 2010 Jul; 88(7):470-3.(Letter to editor). Pro 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tunis Med
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tunis.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
89
Issue
5
Start Page
505
Other Pages
6
Notes
ID: 21557194
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data, Bias (Epidemiology), Humans, Tobacco/chemistry, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tunisia/epidemiology, World Health Organization
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21557194
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ben Saad,Helmi, Chaouachi,Kamal
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Assessment of narghile (shisha, hookah) smokers' actual exposure to toxic chemicals requires further sound studies 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
6
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
ID: 21584212
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is hazardous for health. However, not all forms of tobacco use entail the same risks and the latter should be studied and compared in a sound realistic way. Smoking machines for cigarettes (which are consumed in a few minutes) were early designed as a tool to evaluate the actual intake of toxic substances ('toxicants') by smokers. However, the yields (tar, nicotine, CO, etc.) provided by such machines poorly reflect the actual human smoking behaviour known to depend on numerous factors (anxiety, emotions, anthropological situation, etc.). In the case of narghile smoking, the problems are even more complex, particularly because of the much longer duration of a session. A recent study from the US-American University of Beirut was based on a field smoking topography and claimed consistency with a laboratory smoking machine. We offer a point by point critical analysis of such methods on which most of the 'waterpipe' antismoking literature since 2002 is based.
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3094468/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v6i0.5934
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chaouachi,Kamal
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Drugs for Smoking Cessation 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Book, Section
Periodical, Full
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2011
Place of Publication
Ottawa (ON)
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
PMID: 27512794
Language
eng
SubFile
Review; Book Chapter
DOI
NBK379209 [bookaccession]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27512794
Abstract
Most people who try to quit unaided are unsuccessful in the long-term. Smoking is a complex addiction, with physical and psychological components. Interventions to help smokers quit may include drug therapy to manage withdrawal and cravings for nicotine (the addictive chemical component of tobacco) and/or behavioural therapy such as counselling or education. Evidence-based information on the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of drug therapy can help to inform decisions about pharmacologic-based strategies for smoking cessation.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
CADTH Report / Project in Briefs
Database
Publisher
#NAME?
Data Source
Authors
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation 2011 Department of Primary Health Care, University of Oxford, Rosemary Rue Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cochrane Database Syst.Rev.
Pub Date Free Form
16-Feb
Volume
(2):CD006103. doi
Issue
2
Start Page
CD006103
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 100909747; 0 (Alkaloids); 0 (Azocines); 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Quinolizines); 0 (Quinoxalines); 01ZG3TPX31 (Bupropion); 53S5U404NU (cytisine); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); CIN: Ann Intern Med. 2
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-493X; 1361-6137
Accession Number
PMID: 21328282
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM
DOI
10.1002/14651858.CD006103.pub5 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21328282
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nicotine receptor partial agonists may help people to stop smoking by a combination of maintaining moderate levels of dopamine to counteract withdrawal symptoms (acting as an agonist) and reducing smoking satisfaction (acting as an antagonist). Varenicline was developed as a nicotine receptor partial agonist from cytisine, a drug widely used in central and eastern Europe for smoking cessation. The first trial reports of varenicline were released in 2006, and further trials have now been published or are currently underway. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this review is to assess the efficacy and tolerability of nicotine receptor partial agonists, including varenicline and cytisine, for smoking cessation. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group's specialised register for trials, using the terms ('varenicline' or 'cytisine' or 'Tabex' or 'nicotine receptor partial agonist') and 'smoking' in the title or abstract, or as keywords. We also searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL using MeSH terms and free text, and we contacted authors of trial reports for additional information where necessary. The latest search was in September 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials which compared the treatment drug with placebo. We also included comparisons with bupropion and nicotine patches where available. We excluded trials which did not report a minimum follow-up period of six months from start of treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data on the type of participants, the dose and duration of treatment, the outcome measures, the randomization procedure, concealment of allocation, and completeness of follow up.The main outcome measured was abstinence from smoking after at least six months from the beginning of treatment. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence, and preferred biochemically validated rates where they were reported. Where appropriate we performed meta-analysis to produce a risk ratio, using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: We found 11 trials of varenicline compared with placebo for smoking cessation; three of these included a bupropion experimental arm. We also found one relapse prevention trial, comparing varenicline with placebo, and two open-label trials comparing varenicline with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). We also include one trial in which all the participants were given varenicline, but received behavioural support either online or by phone calls, or by both methods. This trial is not included in the analyses, but contributes to the data on safety and tolerability. The included studies covered >10,300 participants, 6892 of whom used varenicline. We identified one trial of cytisine (Tabex) for inclusion.The pooled risk ratio (RR) (10 trials, 4443 people, excluding one trial evaluating long term safety) for continuous abstinence at six months or longer for varenicline at standard dosage versus placebo was 2.31 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.01 to 2.66). Varenicline at lower or variable doses was also shown to be effective, with an RR of 2.09 (95% CI 1.56 to 2.78; 4 trials, 1272 people). The pooled RR for varenicline versus bupropion at one year was 1.52 (95% CI 1.22 to 1.88; 3 trials, 1622 people). The RR for varenicline versus NRT for point prevalence abstinence at 24 weeks was 1.13 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.35; 2 trials, 778 people). The two trials which tested the use of varenicline beyond the 12-week standard regimen found the drug to be well-tolerated during long-term use. The main adverse effect of varenicline was nausea, which was mostly at mild to moderate levels and usually subsided over time. Post-marketing safety data raised questions about a possible association between varenicline and depressed mood, agitation, and suicidal behaviour or ideation. The labelling of varenicline was amended in 2008, and the manufacturers produced a Medication Guide. Thus far, surveillance reports and seconda
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cahill,K., Stead,L.F., Lancaster,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110216
PMCID
Editors
Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation 2011 Department of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, Minnesota, USA, 55905.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cochrane Database Syst.Rev.
Pub Date Free Form
16-Feb
Volume
(2):CD004306. doi
Issue
2
Start Page
CD004306
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151222; JID: 100909747; 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Chewing Gum); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Quinoxalines); 01ZG3TPX31 (Bupropion); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;10:CD004306. PMID: 26501380; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-493X; 1361-6137
Accession Number
PMID: 21328266
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM
DOI
10.1002/14651858.CD004306.pub4 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21328266
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to nicotine addiction and long-term use can lead to health problems including periodontal disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of behavioural and pharmacologic interventions for the treatment of ST use. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Dissertation Abstracts Online, and Scopus. Date of last search: October 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials of behavioural or pharmacological interventions to help users of ST to quit with follow up of at least six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data. We summarised as odds ratios. For subgroups of trials with similar types of intervention and without substantial statistical heterogeneity, we estimated pooled effects using a Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect method. MAIN RESULTS: Data from one study suggest that varenicline increases ST abstinence rates (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.08 to 2.36) among Swedish snus users.Two trials of bupropion SR did not detect a benefit of treatment at six months or longer (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.57). Nicotine replacement therapy (patch, gum, and lozenge) was not observed to increase tobacco abstinence rates (OR 1.14, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.42). There was statistical heterogeneity among the 14 trials of behavioural interventions; seven of them reported statistically and clinically significant benefits, four suggested benefit but with wide CIs, whilst two had similar intervention and control quit rates and relatively narrow CIs. Heterogeneity was not explained by the design (individual or cluster randomization), whether participants were selected for interest in quitting, or specific intervention components. Most trials included either telephone counselling, an oral examination and feedback about any ST induced mucosal changes, or both. In a post-hoc subgroup analysis there was some evidence that behavioural interventions which include telephone counselling might increase abstinence rates more than interventions with less contact. In one trial an interactive website increased abstinence more than a static website. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Varenicline and behavioural interventions may help ST users to quit. Behavioural interventions incorporating telephone counselling or an oral examination are likely to increase abstinence rates.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ebbert,J., Montori,V.M., Erwin,P.J., Stead,L.F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110216
PMCID
Editors
Acute effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking: a double-blind, placebo-control study 2011 Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0205, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and alcohol dependence
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Jul
Volume
116
Issue
3-Jan
Start Page
102
Other Pages
109
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.; GR: F31 DA028102/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: F31 DA028102-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: F31DA028102/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01
Place of Publication
Ireland
ISSN/ISBN
1879-0046; 0376-8716
Accession Number
PMID: 21277706
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.026 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21277706
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Waterpipe tobacco smoking usually involves heating flavored tobacco with charcoal and inhaling the resulting smoke after it has passed through water. Waterpipe tobacco smoking increases heart rate and produces subjective effects similar to those reported by cigarette smokers. These responses are thought to be nicotine-mediated, though no placebo-control studies exist. Accordingly, this double-blind, placebo-control study compared the acute physiological and subjective effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking to those produced when participants used a waterpipe to smoke a flavor-matched, tobacco-free preparation. METHODS: Occasional waterpipe tobacco smokers (n = 37; 2-5 monthly smoking episodes for >/= 6 months) completed two double-blind, counterbalanced sessions that differed by product: preferred brand/flavor of waterpipe tobacco or flavor-matched, tobacco-free preparation. For each 45-min, ad lib smoking episode blood and expired air CO were sampled, cardiovascular and respiratory response were measured, and subjective response was assessed. RESULTS: Waterpipe tobacco smoking significantly increased mean (+/- SEM) plasma nicotine concentration (3.6 +/- 0.7 ng/ml) and heart rate (8.6 +/- 1.4 bpm) while placebo did not (0.1 +/- 0.0 ng/ml; 1.3 +/- 0.9b pm). For carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and expired air CO, significant increases were observed for tobacco (3.8 +/- 0.4%; 27.9 +/- 2.6 ppm) and for placebo (3.9 +/- 0.4%; 27.7 +/- 3.3 ppm) with no differences across condition. Independent of condition, symptoms of nicotine/tobacco abstinence (e.g., "urges to smoke", "anxious") were reduced and direct effects (e.g., "dizzy", "satisfy") increased. DISCUSSION: These results from the first placebo-control study of waterpipe tobacco smoking demonstrate that waterpipe-induced heart rate increases are almost certainly mediated by nicotine though the subjective effects observed in these occasional smokers were not.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Blank,M.D., Cobb,C.O., Kilgalen,B., Austin,J., Weaver,M.F., Shihadeh,A., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110201
PMCID
PMC3098931
Editors
Diversity of lactic acid bacteria associated with traditional fermented dairy products in Mongolia 2011 Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, P. R. China.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of dairy science
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Dairy Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
94
Issue
7
Start Page
3229
Other Pages
3241
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 2985126R; 0 (RNA, Bacterial); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 2010/08/16 [received]; 2011/03/18 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1525-3198; 0022-0302
Accession Number
PMID: 21700007
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3168/jds.2010-3727 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21700007
Abstract
Spontaneous milk fermentation has a long history in Mongolia, and beneficial microorganisms have been handed down from one generation to the next for use in fermented dairy products. The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) communities in fermented yak, mare, goat, and cow milk products by analyzing 189 samples collected from 13 different regions in Mongolia. The LAB counts in these samples varied from 3.41 to 9.03 log cfu/mL. Fermented yak and mare milks had almost identical mean numbers of LAB, which were significantly higher than those in fermented goat milk but slightly lower than those in fermented cow milk. In total, 668 isolates were obtained from these samples using de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar and M17 agar. Each isolate was considered to be presumptive LAB based on gram-positive and catalase-negative properties, and was identified at the species level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, multiplex PCR assay, and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. All isolates from Mongolian dairy products were accurately identified as Enterococcus faecalis (1 strain), Enterococcus durans (3 strains), Lactobacillus brevis (3 strains), Lactobacillus buchneri (2 strains), Lactobacillus casei (16 strains), Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (142 strains), Lactobacillus diolivorans (17 strains), Lactobacillus fermentum (42 strains), Lactobacillus helveticus (183 strains), Lactobacillus kefiri (6 strains), Lactobacillus plantarum ssp. plantarum (7 strains), Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (7 strains), Leuconostoc lactis (22 strains), Leuconostoc mesenteroides (21 strains), Streptococcus thermophilus (195 strains), and Weissella cibaria (1 strain). The predominant LAB were Strep. thermophilus and Lb. helveticus, which were isolated from all sampling sites. The results demonstrate that traditional fermented dairy products from different regions of Mongolia have complex compositions of LAB species. Such diversity of LAB provides useful information for further studies of probiotic strain selection and starter culture design, with regard to the industrial production of traditional fermented milk.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Yu,J., Wang,W.H., Menghe,B.L., Jiri,M.T., Wang,H.M., Liu,W.J., Bao,Q.H., Lu,Q., Zhang,J.C., Wang,F., Xu,H.Y., Sun,T.S., Zhang,H.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists for smoking cessation 2011 Department of Primary Health Care, University of Oxford, Rosemary Rue Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cochrane Database Syst.Rev.
Pub Date Free Form
16-Mar
Volume
(3):CD005353. doi
Issue
3
Start Page
CD005353
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20141120; JID: 100909747; 0 (Amides); 0 (N-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(3-cyanophenyl)-1-methylpropyl)-2-methyl-2-((5-(trifluor omethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)propanamide); 0 (Piperidines); 0 (Pyrazoles); 0 (Pyridines); 0 (Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1); 158681-13-1
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-493X; 1361-6137
Accession Number
PMID: 21412887
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM
DOI
10.1002/14651858.CD005353.pub4 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21412887
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Selective type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor antagonists may assist with smoking cessation by restoring the balance of the endocannabinoid system, which can be disrupted by prolonged use of nicotine. They also seeks to address many smokers' reluctance to persist with a quit attempt because of concerns about weight gain. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether selective CB1 receptor antagonists (currently rimonabant and taranabant) increase the numbers of people stopping smoking To assess their effects on weight change in successful quitters and in those who try to quit but fail. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Review Group specialized register for trials, using the terms ('rimonabant' or 'taranabant') and 'smoking' in the title or abstract, or as keywords. We also searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO, using major MESH terms. We acquired electronic or paper copies of posters of preliminary trial results presented at the American Thoracic Society Meeting in 2005, and at the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco European Meeting 2006. We also attempted to contact the authors of ongoing studies of rimonabant, and Sanofi Aventis (manufacturers of rimonabant). The most recent search was in January 2011. SELECTION CRITERIA: Types of studies Randomized controlled trialsTypes of participants Adult smokersTypes of interventions Selective CB1 receptor antagonists, such as rimonabant and taranabant. Types of outcome measures The primary outcome is smoking status at a minimum of six months after the start of treatment. We preferred sustained cessation rates to point prevalence, and biochemically verified cessation to self-reported quitting. We regarded smokers who drop out or are lost to follow up as continuing smokers. We have noted any adverse effects of treatment.A secondary outcome is weight change associated with the cessation attempt. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors checked the abstracts for relevance, and attempted to acquire full trial reports. One author extracted the data, and a second author checked them. MAIN RESULTS: We found three trials which met our inclusion criteria, covering 1567 smokers (cessation: STRATUS-EU and STRATUS-US), and 1661 quitters (relapse prevention: STRATUS-WW). At one year, the pooled risk ratio (RR) for quitting with rimonabant 20 mg was 1.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10 to 2.05). No significant benefit was demonstrated for rimonabant at 5 mg dosage. Adverse events included nausea and upper respiratory tract infections. In the relapse prevention trial, smokers who had quit on the 20 mg regimen were more likely to remain abstinent on either active regimen than on placebo; the RR for the 20 mg maintenance group was 1.29 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.57), and for the 5 mg maintenance group 1.30 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.59). There appeared to be no significant benefit of maintenance treatment for the 5 mg quitters. One trial of taranabant was not included in our meta-analyses, as it followed participants only until end of treatment; at eight weeks it found no benefit for treatment over placebo, with an OR of 1.2 (90% CI 0.6 to 2.5). For rimonabant, weight gain was reported to be significantly lower among the 20 mg quitters than in the 5 mg or placebo quitters. During treatment, overweight or obese smokers tended to lose weight, while normal weight smokers did not. For taranabant, weight gain was significantly lower for 2-8 mg versus placebo at the end of eight weeks of treatment. In 2008, post-marketing surveillance led the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) to require Sanofi Aventis to withdraw rimonabant, because of links to mental disorders. The development of taranabant was also suspended by Merck & Co because of unacceptable adverse events. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: From the trial reports available, rimonabant 20 mg may increase the chances of quitting approximately 1(1/2)-fold. The evidence for rimonabant in maintaining abstinence is inconclusive. Rimonabant 20 m
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cahill,K., Ussher,M.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110316
PMCID
Editors
Natural populations of lactic acid bacteria associated with silage fermentation as determined by phenotype, 16S ribosomal RNA and recA gene analysis 2011 National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Nasushiobara 329-2793, Japan.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Systematic and applied microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Syst.Appl.Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
34
Issue
3
Start Page
235
Other Pages
241
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; GENBANK/AB572027; GENBANK/AB572028; GENBANK/AB572029; GENBANK/AB572030; GENBANK/AB572031; GENBANK/AB572032; GENBANK/AB572033; GENBANK/AB572034; GENBANK/AB572035; GENBANK/AB572036; GENBANK/AB572037; GENBANK/AB572038; G
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1618-0984; 0723-2020
Accession Number
PMID: 21282025
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.syapm.2010.10.003 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21282025
Abstract
One hundred and fifty-six strains isolated from corn (Zea mays L.), forage paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silages prepared on dairy farms were screened, of which 110 isolates were considered to be lactic acid bacteria (LAB) according to their Gram-positive and catalase-negative characteristics and, mainly, the lactic acid metabolic products. These isolates were divided into eight groups (A-H) based on the following properties: morphological and biochemical characteristics, gamma-aminobutyric acid production capacity, and 16S rRNA gene sequences. They were identified as Weissella cibaria (36.4%), Weissella confusa (9.1%), Leuconostoc citreum (5.3%), Leuconostoc lactis (4.9%), Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides (8.0%), Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (4.5%), Lactobacillus paraplantarum (4.5%) and Lactobacillus plantarum (27.3%). W. cibaria and W. confusa were mainly present in corn silages, and L. plantarum was dominant on sorghum and forage paddy rice silages, while L. pseudomesenteroides, L. plantarum and L. paraplantarum were the dominant species in alfalfa silage. The corn, sorghum and forage paddy rice silages were well preserved with lower pH values and ammonia-N concentrations, but had higher lactic acid content, while the alfalfa silage had relatively poor quality with higher pH values and ammonia-N concentrations, and lower lactic acid content. The present study confirmed the diversity of LAB species inhabiting silages. It showed that the differing natural populations of LAB on these silages might influence fermentation quality. These results will enable future research on the relationship between LAB species and silage fermentation quality, and will enhance the screening of appropriate inoculants aimed at improving such quality.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier GmbH
Data Source
Authors
Pang,H., Qin,G., Tan,Z., Li,Z., Wang,Y., Cai,Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110201
PMCID
Editors
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of composite resin bonded to acid etched or Nd:Yag lased enamel 2011 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Govt. Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India. mm_goswami@yahoo.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Indian Soc.Pedod.Prev.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr-Jun
Volume
29
Issue
2
Start Page
140
Other Pages
143
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 8710631; 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dental Materials); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Z100 composite resin); 0 (single bond); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 454I75YXY0 (Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate); 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide); C6V6S92N3C (Zirconium
Place of Publication
India
ISSN/ISBN
1998-3905; 0970-4388
Accession Number
PMID: 21911953
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; D
DOI
10.4103/0970-4388.84687 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21911953
Abstract
AIMS: In vitro evaluation of the shear bond strength of composite resin bonded to enamel which is pretreated using acid etchant or pulsed Nd:YAG. Qualitative morphological changes in enamel surfaces were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 extracted human teeth were divided in two groups of 30 each (Groups A and B). In Group A, prepared surface of enamel was etched using 35% phosphoric acid (Scotchbond, 3M). In Group B, enamel was surface treated by a surgical Nd:YAG laser beam (Medilas 4060 Fibertom) at 0.8 W, 10 Hz, for 10 s with 80 mJ/pulse power. Bonding agent (single bond dental adhesive, 3M) was applied over the test areas on 20 samples of Groups A and B each, and light cured. Composite resin (Z 100, 3M) was applied onto the test areas as a 3 mm diameter cylinder, and light cured. The samples were tested for shear bond strength. Remaining 10 samples from each group were observed under SEM for morphological changes. RESULTS: The mean shear bond strength was 20.00 MPa (+/- 1.93) and 13.28 MPa (+/-1.97) for Group A and B, respectively. The difference in mean values was statistically significant between Groups A and B (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Goswami,M., Singh,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
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