WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation	2009	Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, Turner Street, London, UK, E1 2AD.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 21-Jan Volume (1):CD003999. doi Issue 1 Start Page CD003999 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100909747; 0 (Chewing Gum); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); CIN: Ann Intern Med. 2009 Jul 21;151(2):JC1-11. PMID: 19620155; UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;8:CD003999. PMID: 23963584; RF: 93; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 19160228 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD003999.pub3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19160228 Abstract BACKGROUND: A number of treatments can help smokers make a successful quit attempt, but many initially successful quitters relapse over time. Several interventions were proposed to help prevent relapse. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether specific interventions for relapse prevention reduce the proportion of recent quitters who return to smoking. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register in August 2008 for studies mentioning relapse prevention or maintenance in title, abstracts or keywords. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of relapse prevention interventions with a minimum follow up of six months. We included smokers who quit on their own, or were undergoing enforced abstinence, or who were participating in treatment programmes. We included trials that compared relapse prevention interventions to a no intervention control, or that compared a cessation programme with additional relapse prevention components to a cessation programme alone. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Studies were screened and data extracted by one author and checked by a second. Disagreements were resolved by discussion or referral to a third author. MAIN RESULTS: Fifty-four studies met inclusion criteria, but were heterogeneous in terms of populations and interventions. We considered 36 studies that randomized abstainers separately from studies that randomized participants prior to their quit date.Looking at studies of behavioural interventions which randomised abstainers, we detected no benefit of brief and 'skills-based' relapse prevention methods for women who had quit smoking due to pregnancy, or for smokers undergoing a period of enforced abstinence during hospitalisation or military training. We also failed to detect significant effects of behavioural interventions in trials in unselected groups of smokers who had quit on their own or with a formal programme. Amongst trials randomising smokers prior to their quit date and evaluating the effect of additional relapse prevention components we also found no evidence of benefit of behavioural interventions in any subgroup. Overall, providing training in skills thought to be needed for relapse avoidance did not reduce relapse, but most studies did not use experimental designs best suited to the task, and had limited power to detect expected small differences between interventions. For pharmacological interventions, extended treatment with varenicline significantly reduced relapse in one trial (risk ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.36). Pooling of five studies of extended treatment with bupropion failed to detect a significant effect (risk ratio 1.17; 95% confidence interval 0.99 to 1.39). Two small trials of oral nicotine replacement treatment (NRT) failed to detect an effect but treatment compliance was low and in two other trials of oral NRT randomizing short-term abstainers there was a significant effect of intervention. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: At the moment there is insufficient evidence to support the use of any specific behavioural intervention for helping smokers who have successfully quit for a short time to avoid relapse. The verdict is strongest for interventions focusing on identifying and resolving tempting situations, as most studies were concerned with these. There is little research available regarding other behavioural approaches. Extended treatment with varenicline may prevent relapse. Extended treatment with bupropion is unlikely to have a clinically important effect. Studies of extended treatment with nicotine replacement are needed. Descriptors Behavior Therapy, Chewing Gum, Female, Humans, Male, Nicotine/therapeutic use, Nicotinic Agonists, Pregnancy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Secondary Prevention, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hajek,P., Stead,L. F., West,R., Jarvis,M., Lancaster,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090121 PMCID Editors
Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation	2009	Department of Primary Care & General Practice, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK, B15 2TT. a.c.parsons@bham.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 21-Jan Volume (1):CD006219. doi Issue 1 Start Page CD006219 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100909747; 0 (Antidepressive Agents); 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Piperidines); 0 (Pyrazoles); 0 (Quinoxalines); 158681-13-1 (rimonabant); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 19160269 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD006219.pub2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19160269 Abstract BACKGROUND: Most people who stop smoking gain weight, on average about 7 kg in the long term. There are some interventions that have been specifically designed to tackle smoking cessation whilst also limiting weight gain. Many smoking cessation pharmacotherapies and other interventions may also limit weight gain. OBJECTIVES: This review is divided into two parts. (1) Interventions designed specifically to aid smoking cessation and limit post-cessation weight gain (2) Interventions designed to aid smoking cessation that may also plausibly have an effect on weight SEARCH STRATEGY: Part 1: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group's Specialized Register which includes trials indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciSearch and PsycINFO, and other reviews and conference abstracts. Part 2: We searched the included studies of Cochrane smoking cessation reviews of nicotine replacement therapy, antidepressants, nicotine receptor partial agonists, cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists (rimonabant), and exercise interventions, published in Issue 4, 2008 of The Cochrane Library. SELECTION CRITERIA: Part 1: We included trials of interventions designed specifically to address both smoking cessation and post-cessation weight gain that had measured weight at any follow-up point and/or smoking six months or more after quitting.Part 2: We included trials from the selected Cochrane reviews that could plausibly modify post-cessation weight gain if they had reported weight gain by trial arm at end of treatment or later. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data in duplicate on smoking and weight for part 1 trials, and on weight only for part 2. Abstinence from smoking is expressed as a risk ratio (RR), using the most rigorous definition of abstinence available in each trial, and biochemically validated rates if available. The outcome is expressed as the difference in weight change between trial arms from baseline. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using the Mantel-Haenszel method for smoking and inverse variance for weight using a fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: We found evidence that pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing post-cessation weight gain resulted in a significant reduction in weight gain at the end of treatment (dexfenfluramine (-2.50kg [-2.98kg to -2.02kg], fluoxetine (-0.80kg [-1.27kg to -0.33kg], phenylpropanolamine (PPA) (-0.50kg [-0.80kg to -0.20kg], naltrexone (-0.76kg [-1.51kg to -0.01kg])). No evidence of maintenance of the treatment effect was found at six or 12 months.Among the behavioural interventions, only weight control advice was associated with no reduction in weight gain and with a possible reduction in abstinence. Individualized programmes were associated with reduced weight gain at end of treatment and at 12 months (-2.58kg [-5.11kg to -0.05kg]), and with no effect on abstinence (RR 0.74 [0.39 to 1.43]). Very low calorie diets (-1.30kg (-3.49kg to 0.89kg] at 12 months) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (-5.20kg (-9.28kg to -1.12kg] at 12 months) were both associated with improved abstinence and reduced weight gain at end of treatment and at long-term follow up.Both bupropion (300mg/day) and fluoxetine (30mg and 60mg/day combined) were found to limit post-cessation weight gain at the end of treatment (-0.76kg [-1.17kg to -0.35kg] I(2)=48%) and -1.30kg [-1.91kg to -0.69kg]) respectively. There was no evidence that the weight reducing effect of bupropion was dose-dependent. The effect of bupropion at one year was smaller and confidence intervals included no effect (-0.38kg [-2.001kg to 1.24kg]).We found no evidence that exercise interventions significantly reduced post-cessation weight gain at end of treatment but evidence for an effect at 12 months (-2.07kg [-3.78kg, -0.36kg]).Treatment with NRT resulted in attenuation of post-cessation weight gain (-0.45kg [-0.70kg, -0.20kg]) at the end of treatment, with no evidence that the effect differed for different forms of NRT. The estimat Descriptors Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use, Benzazepines/administration & dosage, Exercise, Female, Humans, Male, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage, Piperidines/administration & dosage, Pyrazoles/administration & dosage, Quinoxalines/administration & dosage, Smoking Cessation/methods, Varenicline, Weight Gain/drug effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Parsons,A. C., Shraim,M., Inglis,J., Aveyard,P., Hajek,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090121 PMCID Editors
Water-pipe tobacco smoking among middle and high school students in Arizona	2009	Center for Research on Health Care, 230 McKee Place, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. bprimack@pitt.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 123 Issue 2 Start Page e282 Other Pages 8 Notes LR: 20141210; GR: K07 CA114315/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K07 CA114315-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K07-CA114315/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA140150/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA140150-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 19171581 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.1542/peds.2008-1663 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19171581 Abstract BACKGROUND: Using a water pipe to smoke tobacco is increasing in prevalence among US college students, and it may also be common among younger adolescents. The purpose of this study of Arizona middle and high school students was to examine the prevalence of water-pipe tobacco smoking, compare water-pipe tobacco smoking with other forms of tobacco use, and determine associations between sociodemographic variables and water-pipe tobacco smoking in this population. METHODS: We added items assessing water-pipe tobacco smoking to Arizona's 2005 Youth Tobacco Survey and used them to estimate statewide water-pipe tobacco smoking prevalence among various demographic groups by using survey weights. We also used multiple logistic regression to determine which demographic characteristics had independent relationships with each of 2 outcomes: ever use of water pipe to smoke tobacco and water-pipe tobacco smoking in the previous 30 days. RESULTS: Median age of the sample was 14. Accounting for survey weights, among middle school students, 2.1% had ever smoked water-pipe tobacco and 1.4% had done so within the previous 30 days. Among those in high school, 10.3% had ever smoked from a water pipe and 5.4% had done so in the previous 30 days, making water-pipe tobacco smoking more common than use of smokeless tobacco, pipes, bidis, and kreteks (clove cigarettes). In multivariate analyses that controlled for covariates, ever smoking of water-pipe tobacco was associated with older age, Asian race, white race, charter school attendance, and lack of plans to attend college. CONCLUSIONS: Among Arizona youth, water pipe is the third most common source of tobacco after cigarettes and cigars. Increased national surveillance and additional research will be important for addressing this threat to public health. Descriptors Adolescent, Arizona/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology, Water Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Primack,B. A., Walsh,M., Bryce,C., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3013632 Editors
Comparison of ultrasonic and pressurized liquid extraction for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds in soil samples by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry	2009	Department of Analytical Chemistry, Almeria University, 04071 Almeria, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form 15-Apr Volume 78 Issue 1 Start Page 156 Other Pages 164 Notes JID: 2984816R; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Soil); 0 (Solvents); 2008/06/27 [received]; 2008/10/20 [revised]; 2008/10/31 [accepted]; 2008/11/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 19174219 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2008.10.048 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19174219 Abstract A pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method has been optimized for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil samples and it was compared with ultrasonic extraction. The extraction step was followed by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QqQ-MS/MS) analysis. Parameters such as type of solvent, extraction time, extraction temperature and number of extractions were optimized. There were no significant differences among the two extraction methods although better extraction efficiencies were obtained when PLE was used, minimizing extraction time and solvent consumption. PLE procedure was validated, obtaining limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.02 to 0.75 microg kg(-1) and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 0.07 to 2.50 microg kg(-1) for the selected PAHs. Recoveries were in the range of 59-110%, except for naphthalene, which was the most volatile PAH. Finally, the method was applied to real soil samples from Southeast of Spain. PAHs concentrations were low, and phenanthrene, pyrene, fluorene, benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene were the most frequently detected analytes in the samples. Descriptors Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis/isolation & purification, Pressure, Soil/analysis, Solvents, Spain, Ultrasonics Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Barco-Bonilla,N., Vidal,J. L., Garrido Frenich,A., Romero-Gonzalez,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20081107 PMCID Editors
Cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence, and motivation for smoking cessation in psychiatric inpatients	2009	Psychiatry Resident, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Canadian journal of psychiatry.Revue canadienne de psychiatrie Periodical, Abbrev. Can.J.Psychiatry Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 54 Issue 1 Start Page 36 Other Pages 45 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7904187; ppublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 0706-7437; 0706-7437 Accession Number PMID: 19175978 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19175978 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disease in Canada, and is disproportionately more frequent among psychiatric patients. Smoking cessation interventions can be successfully implemented with psychiatric patients, yet no Canadian studies have evaluated smoking prevalence, nicotine dependence, and motivation for smoking cessation in psychiatric inpatients. Our study did so to help plan appropriate interventions for these patients. METHOD: All inpatients aged 18 years or older admitted to acute-care psychiatry units at the Foothills Medical Centre in Calgary, Alberta, during a 6-month period completed a survey involving questions from the Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), the Readiness to Quit Ladder, and the Decisional Balance for Cigarette Smoking. Responses were analyzed for correlation with discharge diagnoses, age, and sex. RESULTS: Among the total inpatients (n = 342), 211 (62%) completed the survey. Among those, 55% were current cigarette smokers and 17.5% were former smokers. Nicotine dependence (FTND > or = 6) was reported in 45.2% of smokers. Smoking prevalence and nicotine dependence severity was greatest in the substance use disorders (SUD) and psychotic disorders groups. Current smokers endorsed more negative than positive attributes of smoking. Regarding smoking cessation, 51% of patients were precontemplative, 12.7% contemplative, and 36.2% preparatory or action-oriented, despite few receiving advice to quit. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence are highly prevalent in psychiatric inpatients. However, self-reported motivation for smoking cessation is noteworthy, emphasizing that cessation advice and appropriate follow-up care should be provided to psychiatric inpatients who smoke. Descriptors Adult, Female, Health Promotion, Hospitalization, Humans, Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data, Male, Motivation, Prevalence, Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology/rehabilitation, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Solty,H., Crockford,D., White,W. D., Currie,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco smoking is addictive--do not start smoking	2008	Pierwszy Zaklad Medycyny Rodzinnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lodzi. sylwia.kalucka@gmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Przeglad lekarski Periodical, Abbrev. Przegl.Lek. Pub Date Free Form Volume 65 Issue 10 Start Page 653 Other Pages 656 Notes JID: 19840720R; ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 0033-2240; 0033-2240 Accession Number PMID: 19189572 Language pol SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19189572 Abstract Tobacco smoking is addictive- do not start smoking, do not start smoking, each person buying a package of cigarettes can read this inscription. But does he really read it? Every year all over the world one million people try to stop smoking, but only for a few percent this attempt is successful. Giving up the habit of smoking is hard because it leads to biological and psychogenic addiction. The aim of this paper was to check which factors most motivated smokers to stop smoking? 50 active smokers, among them 5 former smokers, who have smoked at least 15 cigarettes a day for 15 years were classified to the preliminary study. Among them there were 23 women, which is 46% of the subjects and 27 men, which is 54% of the subjects. The average number of smoked cigarettes among present smokers was 18.4 pieces, and the former smokers smoked the average of 19 pieces daily. Present smokers smoke 8 years longer, i.e. 26.3 years than former smokers. Inscription placed on cigarette packages concerning the loss of health definitely influence smokers to make another attempt to stop smoking. This important concerns the appearance of lung cancer, the differences were statistically significant between former and present smokers (p < 0.03), women are afraid of lung cancer twice more often than men (p<0.02), also women more often were afraid of cardiovascular system diseases (chi2 = 2.013, p < 0.03) and painful death (chi2 = 7.729, p < 0.006). Over 80% of smokers declared that the raise of the price of cigarette package has a significant influence on further attempt to stop smoking. Among the subjects 20% declared that ad spots on TV positively influence giving up smoking. Other factors such as: chewing gum (only 11.1% willing to try again), tablets (only 8.9%), appearing cough (2.2%), unpleasant tobacco smell (2.2%), the loss of taste (0.0%), the improvement of life comfort (4.4%) at minimum extent motivated smokers to stop smoking. Unsuccessful attempt of giving up smoking should not discourage any smoker no his doctor to further fight for his health. In another attempt the arguments that most motivate the smoker to stop smoking are worth using again. Descriptors Adult, Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology/prevention & control, Causality, Comorbidity, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Incidence, Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology/prevention & control, Male, Middle Aged, Poland/epidemiology, Sex Factors, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kalucka,S. Original/Translated Title Palenie tytoniu uzaleznia--nie zaczynaj palic URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The characteristics of Barrett's esophagus: an analysis of 4120 cases in China	2009	Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus / I.S.D.E Periodical, Abbrev. Dis.Esophagus Pub Date Free Form Volume 22 Issue 4 Start Page 348 Other Pages 353 Notes LR: 20091029; JID: 8809160; EIN: Dis Esophagus. 2009;22(5):475. Hou, Kiao-Hua [corrected to Hou, Xiao-hua]; RF: 42; 2009/01/23 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Australia ISSN/ISBN 1442-2050; 1120-8694 Accession Number PMID: 19191861 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00924.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19191861 Abstract Our objective was to investigate the endoscopic and clinico-pathological characteristics in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) in China. Using the terms 'Barrett's esophagus' and 'Barrett's esophagus, China' as key words, literatures published in Chinese and English journals were searched in Chinese data banks, as well as PubMed and ISI Web of Science from 1989 to 2007. An analysis was carried out with the standard inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 4120 cases were included in this study. BE was found in 2.44% of patients undergoing endoscopy for various symptoms of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases; the male : female ratio was 2.09 : 1, the average age of detection of BE was 53.15 years old, and 51% of patients with BE had typical symptoms for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The island-type BE was predominant (56.80%), and the occurrence of BE with special intestinal metaplasia (SIM) was 36.58%, but SIM was more common in tongue-type BE than island-type and circumferential-type BE (both P < 0.001), as well as in long segment BE (LSBE) than in short segment BE (SSBE) (P < 0.001). A total of 46.39% of patients had Helicobacter pylori infection. The mean length of follow up was 2 years in 492 patients. The incidence of adenocarcinoma was 0.61% patient-years of total follow up. In China, the endoscopic prevalence of BE is lower, but the average age of diagnosis is younger; a high proportion of H. pylori infection is found in patients with BE, and about half of the patients have no typical symptoms of GERD; the tongue-type BE and the LSBE are apt to SIM. Descriptors Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology/pathology, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology/pathology, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology, China/epidemiology, Confidence Intervals, Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology/pathology, Esophagoscopy/methods, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Precancerous Conditions/pathology, Prevalence, Probability, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Sex Distribution, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chen,X., Zhu,L. R., Hou,X. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090123 PMCID Editors
Effect of light-cured filled sealant on shear bond strength of metal and ceramic brackets bonded with a resin-modified glass ionomer cement	2009	Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. kaleselin@yahoo.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Orthod.Dentofacial Orthop. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 135 Issue 2 Start Page 194 Other Pages 198 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8610224; 0 (Acrylic Resins); 0 (Aluminum Silicates); 0 (Dental Alloys); 0 (Fuji Ortho LC); 0 (Glass Ionomer Cements); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Pro Seal); 0 (Resin Cements); 059QF0KO0R (Water); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); 2007/08/01 [r Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1097-6752; 0889-5406 Accession Number PMID: 19201326 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; D; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.12.024 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19201326 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of a highly filled light-cured sealant (HFLCS) on the shear bond strength and bond failure site of metal and ceramic brackets bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). METHODS: Eighty freshly extracted maxillary premolars were randomly divided into 4 groups (20 in each group). In all groups, the teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 20 seconds, and RMGIC (Fuji Ortho LC, GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium) was used for bracket bonding. In groups 1 and 3, the brackets were bonded directly to etched enamel surfaces; in groups 2 and 4, the etched enamel was covered with HFLCS (Pro Seal, Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Ill). Groups 1 and 2 received metal brackets, and groups 3 and 4 had ceramic brackets. The specimens were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours and subsequently tested in shear mode with a universal testing machine. After debonding, the teeth and the brackets were examined under a stereomicroscope (model SMZ-1B, Nikon, Osaka, Japan) at 20-times magnification to assess the residual adhesive on the tooth surfaces. RESULTS: Interaction between HFLCS and bracket type was not statistically significant (P = 0.15). Pretreatment with HFLCS did not cause a statistically significant change in the shear bond values of either metal or ceramic brackets (P = 0.38). Shear bond values of the ceramic brackets were higher than those of the metal brackets independent of HFLCS application (P <0.001). No significant differences were found in bond failure modes in the 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS: HFLCS application on enamel etched with 37% phosphoric acid did not affect the bond strength values and the bond failure modes of metal and ceramic brackets bonded with RMGIC. RESULTS: Interaction between HFLCS and bracket type was not statistically significant (P = 0.15). Pretreatment with HFLCS did not cause a statistically significant change in the shear bond values of either metal or ceramic brackets (P = 0.38). Shear bond values of the ceramic brackets were higher than those of the metal brackets independent of HFLCS application (P <0.001). No significant differences were found in bond failure modes in the 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS: HFLCS application on enamel etched with 37% phosphoric acid did not affect the bond strength values and the bond failure modes of metal and ceramic brackets bonded with RMGIC. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental, Acrylic Resins/chemistry, Aluminum Silicates/chemistry, Ceramics/chemistry, Dental Alloys/chemistry, Dental Enamel/pathology, Glass Ionomer Cements/chemistry, Humans, Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives, Materials Testing, Orthodontic Appliance Design, Orthodontic Brackets, Phosphoric Acids/chemistry, Resin Cements/chemistry, Shear Strength, Stress, Mechanical, Surface Properties, Temperature, Time Factors, Water/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Varlik,S. K., Ulusoy,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Root proliferation of Norway spruce and Scots pine in response to local magnesium supply in soil	2009	College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, P.R. China. junlingz@cau.edu.cn	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tree physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Tree Physiol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 29 Issue 2 Start Page 199 Other Pages 206 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 100955338; 0 (Soil); 27YLU75U4W (Phosphorus); I38ZP9992A (Magnesium); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); RWP5GA015D (Potassium); 2008/12/05 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 0829-318X; 0829-318X Accession Number PMID: 19203945 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/treephys/tpn016 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19203945 Abstract Nutrient sources in soils are often heterogeneously distributed. Although many studies have examined the root responses to local N and P enrichments in the soil, less research was conducted on root responses to Mg patches. New roots of pre-grown Mg-insufficient and Mg-sufficient plants of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings were allowed to grow into four other pots of equal size, which were placed under the tree-bearing pot. Soils in the lower pots were either unfertilised, or supplied with Mg, or NPK or a mixture of NPKMg sources. Plants were harvested after 9 months of growth. Compared to the corresponding controls (Mg versus unfertilised and NPKMg versus NPK), Mg additions did not have a significant effect on either root dry matter, total root length (TRL) or specific root length (SRL), irrespective of tree species and plant Mg nutritional status. In contrast, NPK and NPKMg additions significantly increased the root dry matter and TRL in the nutrient-rich soil patch, and decreased SRL in Norway spruce. However, the observed root morphological changes did not occur in Scots pine. Root Mg concentrations were increased in Mg-rich soil patches, but those accumulations varied with tree species. Mg accumulation in a marked patch was measured only in newly grown roots of Mg-sufficient Norway spruce, whereas a more homogenous distribution of Mg concentration was observed for all newly grown roots in Mg-insufficient trees in the four soil treatments. In Scots pine, Mg accumulations occurred in both Mg-insufficient and Mg-sufficient plants. These results suggest that Mg patches in the soil may not lead to a local increase in root growth, but to Mg uptake and root Mg accumulation. Tree roots react differently to Mg patches in comparison to their response to N or P patches in the soil. Descriptors Biological Transport, Magnesium/metabolism, Nitrogen/metabolism, Phosphorus/metabolism, Picea/growth & development/metabolism, Pinus sylvestris/growth & development/metabolism, Plant Leaves/physiology, Plant Roots/growth & development/metabolism, Plant Shoots/physiology, Potassium/metabolism, Soil, Trees/growth & development Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Zhang,J., George,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20081205 PMCID Editors
Smoking and caries experience in subjects with various form of periodontal diseases from a teaching hospital clinic	2009	Department of Preventive, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan. rolaperio@yahoo.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of dental hygiene Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Dent.Hyg. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 7 Issue 1 Start Page 55 Other Pages 61 Notes LR: 20100429; JID: 101168070; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1601-5037; 1601-5029 Accession Number PMID: 19215312 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00349.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19215312 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between aggressive periodontitis (AgP), caries and smoking. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who were specifically referred to the Dental Teaching Clinic in Irbid, Jordan for periodontal treatment. Self-administered questionnaire related to socio-demographic data and smoking habits was completed. The oral hygiene, gingival status, periodontal health and dental status of the participants was determined by using the plaque index of Silness and Loe [Acta Odontol Scand, 22 (1964), 121], the gingival index of Loe and Silness [Acta Odontol Scand, 21 (1963), 233], clinical attachment level (CAL) and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index respectively. RESULT: The prevalence of smoking was greater in chronic periodontitis (CP) group (44.2%) than in either chronic gingivitis (CG) (27.4%) or AgP (29.9%) group. Self-reported perio-diseases in the close family was more prevalent (77%) among subjects diagnosed with AgP. The mean plaque scores were significantly higher for smoker than non-smoker in AgP group only (P = 0.04), with significantly greater plaque and gingival scores in CG and CP groups than AgP group (P = 0.012, 0.004). A significantly greater mean gingival scores were noted among CG and CP groups than AgP group (P = 0.004). The mean CAL was higher in smokers than in non-smokers in the three groups, with statistically significant differences in CP and AgP groups (P = 0.04, 0.01 respectively).The mean number of DMFT was significantly higher in smoker than in non-smoker of all age groups (P = 0.016, 0.043 and 0.01). However, mean DMFT was significantly greater in CP and CG than AgP groups. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that (i) higher plaque and gingival index among smokers in all groups; (ii) significant difference in the CAL between smoker and non-smoke in CP and AgP groups; (iii) significant increase in caries risk among smokers in all groups; (iv) smokers and non-smokers of AgP group had significantly lower mean DMFT scores than those of CG or CP groups. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aggressive Periodontitis/epidemiology, Alveolar Bone Loss/epidemiology, Chronic Disease, Chronic Periodontitis/epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, DMF Index, Dental Plaque Index, Female, Gingivitis/epidemiology, Humans, Jordan/epidemiology, Male, Oral Hygiene Index, Periodontal Attachment Loss/epidemiology, Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/epidemiology, Smoking/epidemiology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Habashneh,R., Al-Omari,M. A., Taani,D. Q. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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