WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Exploring the relationship between cigarette prices and smoking among adults: a cross-country study of low- and middle-income nations	2014	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 16 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page S10 Other Pages 5 Notes JID: 9815751; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24343955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntt170 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24343955 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Evidence on the relationship between cigarette prices and adult smoking in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is relatively limited. This study offers new descriptive evidence on this relationship using data from a set of 13 LMICs. METHODS: We use Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) cross-country data from approximately 200,000 participants aged 15 and older. Estimates on the relationship between prices and adult smoking were obtained from logit models of smoking participation and ordinary least squares models of conditional cigarette demand. RESULTS: Higher prices were associated with lower demand across countries, in terms of both smoking prevalence and daily number of cigarettes smoked among smokers. Our estimates suggest that the total price elasticity of cigarette demand in LMICs is approximately -0.53. We find that higher socioeconomic status (SES), represented through wealth and education effects is associated with lower chance of smoking overall, but among existing smokers, it may be associated with a larger number of cigarettes smoked. CONCLUSIONS: After controlling for a set of individual demographic and country characteristics, cigarette prices retain a significant role in shaping cigarette demand across LMICs. Because higher SES is associated with a reduced chance of smoking overall but also with increased daily consumption among current smokers, optimal tobacco tax policies in LMICs may face an added need to accommodate to shifting SES structures within the populations of these countries. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kostova,D., Tesche,J., Perucic,A.M., Yurekli,A., Asma,S., GATS Collaborative Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Exploring the use of little cigars by students at a historically black university	2008	Department of Public Health Education, North Carolina Central University, P.O. Box 19738, Durham, NC 27707, USA. djolly@nccu.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventing chronic disease Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Chronic Dis. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page A82 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160317; JID: 101205018; OID: NLM: PMC2483573; 2008/06/15 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-1151; 1545-1151 Accession Number PMID: 18558032 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI A82 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18558032 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Considerable evidence exists that little cigars are popular among African American adolescents and young adults who smoke. However, few studies have been published on the use of this tobacco product by young blacks in the United States. This research investigated little-cigar use among students at a historically black university in the southeastern United States. METHODS: As a follow-up to a survey on tobacco use among freshmen that revealed unexpectedly high rates of little-cigar use, 3 focus groups were conducted with current or former smokers of little cigars. Topics included preferred brands of little cigars, preference for little cigars over cigarettes, social contexts for smoking little cigars, perceived health risks of smoking little cigars relative to smoking cigarettes, and thoughts about quitting. RESULTS: Focus group participants preferred little cigars to cigarettes for various reasons, among them taste, smell, a better "buzz," social purposes, status, and perceptions that smoking little cigars is less addictive and less harmful than smoking cigarettes. Opinions on health risks varied; some participants believed that health risks can be reduced by removing the inner liner of little cigars. CONCLUSION: Use of little cigars should be addressed in tobacco research, use prevention, and use cessation efforts, targeting students at historically black colleges and perhaps other young African Americans. Results also suggest that clear distinctions should be made among cigarettes, little cigars, and cigars, and that tobacco use prevention and cessation programs should debunk myths that little cigars are a safe alternative to cigarettes. Study findings should be confirmed and elucidated through additional research. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, African Americans, Female, Focus Groups, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking/ethnology, Smoking/ethnology, Southeastern United States/epidemiology, Students, Universities Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jolly,D. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080615 PMCID PMC2483573 Editors
Exploring use of nontraditional tobacco products through focus groups with young adult smokers, 2002	2008	Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop K-50, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA. prichter@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventing chronic disease Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Chronic Dis. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page A87 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160317; JID: 101205018; OID: NLM: PMC2483554; 2008/06/15 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-1151; 1545-1151 Accession Number PMID: 18558037 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI A87 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18558037 Abstract INTRODUCTION: In 2002, 16 focus groups with young adult smokers who used or had tried nontraditional tobacco products (e.g., bidis, shisha, herbal cigarettes, kreteks, cigars, herbal smokeless products) were conducted in Dallas, Texas, and Chattanooga, Tennessee, to gain an understanding of the appeal of these products. METHODS: In each city, groups were segmented by race or ethnicity and by educational status. RESULTS: Many consistent themes emerged across the groups. Nontraditional tobacco use is not common among young adult smokers. Although some products such as Black & Mild and Swisher Sweets cigars are used frequently by some groups, other products such as shisha, kreteks, and herbal cigarettes are less well known and infrequently used. Among focus group participants, use of nontraditional tobacco products tends to occur in clubs, during social gatherings, or at times when cigarettes are unavailable. More college students than those who were not in college cited cost and inconvenience of purchasing nontraditional tobacco products as reasons for not using them. All focus group participants agreed that African Americans use cigars more than any other racial or ethnic group. CONCLUSION: Overall, findings suggest that the reasons for trying nontraditional tobacco products did not differ by race or ethnicity. Family members and peers were mentioned as the source of nontraditional tobacco products when first used. Cost, convenience, taste, smell, and strength were given as reasons both for using these products and for discontinuing their use. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Female, Focus Groups, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking/epidemiology/ethnology, Smoking/epidemiology/ethnology, Smoking Cessation, Students, Tennessee/epidemiology, Texas/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Richter,P., Caraballo,R., Pederson,L. L., Gupta,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080615 PMCID PMC2483554 Editors
Exposure of pregnant women to waterpipe and cigarette smoke	2013	Department of Community Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan. a zab_mohammed@hu.edu.jo	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 15 Issue 1 Start Page 231 Other Pages 237 Notes LR: 20150225; GR: R01-CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03-TW008371/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC3524068; 2012/05/09 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 22573726 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/nts119 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22573726 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Throughout the Eastern Mediterranean region, tobacco is used primarily in 2 forms: cigarette smoking and waterpipe smoking. Despite the fact that tobacco use is considered as a global public health threat, waterpipe smoking is reported to be growing in popularity, particularly among women. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence and patterns of cigarette, waterpipe, and passive smoking among pregnant women in Jordan, and to assess their perception of harmful effects of cigarette and waterpipe smoking. METHODS: A total of 500 pregnant women were randomly recruited from maternity clinics in North and Middle of Jordan and surveyed regarding exposure to waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking. RESULTS: The results showed that 7.9% of women were current cigarette smokers and 8.7% were current waterpipe smokers. About 82.4% of all women reported that they are exposed to cigarette smoke and 32.8% reported that they are exposed to waterpipe smoke. The most common place where women are exposed to cigarette and waterpipe smoke was their house (50.4% and 48.7%, respectively) followed by public places (31.4% and 21.4%, respectively). In addition, the husband was the main source for exposure to cigarette and waterpipe smoke (48.5% and 42.7%, respectively). Approximately, 74% of women believed that cigarette smoking is addictive, whereas only 55.1% reported that waterpipe smoking leads to addiction. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure of pregnant women to tobacco smoke is a public health problem in Jordan that requires immediate action. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Azab,M., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Anabtawi,M.M., Quttina,M., Khader,Y., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120509 PMCID PMC3524068 Editors
Exposure to Advertisements and Electronic Cigarette Use Among US Middle and High School Students	2016	Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; and Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Sciences, Scientific Education and Professional Development Program Office, Centers for Disease Contr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form May Volume 137 Issue 5 Start Page 10.1542/peds.2015 Other Pages 4155 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 0376422; 2016/01/28 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 27244815 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 10.1542/peds.2015-4155 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27244815 Abstract BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among US students increased significantly during 2011 to 2014. We examined the association between e-cigarette advertisement exposure and current e-cigarette use among US middle school and high school students. METHODS: Data came from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey (n = 22 007), a survey of students in grades 6 through 12. The association between current e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements via 4 sources (Internet, newspapers/magazines, retail stores, and TV/movies) was assessed. Three advertising exposure categories were assessed: never/rarely, sometimes, and most of the time/always. Separate logistic regression models were used to measure the association, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, grade, and other tobacco use. RESULTS: Compared with students who reported exposure to e-cigarette advertisements never/rarely, the odds of current e-cigarette use were significantly (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher by the American Academy of Pediatrics Data Source Authors Singh,T., Agaku,I.T., Arrazola,R.A., Marynak,K.L., Neff,L.J., Rolle,I.T., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Exposure to cadmium among sheesha smokers and how do they compare to cigarette smokers	2000	Al-Saleh, I., Biological and Med. Res. Department, King Faisal Spec. Hosp./Res. Ctr., Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Trace Elem.Exp.Med. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 13 Issue 4 Start Page 381 Other Pages 388 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0896-548X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Blood cadmium (B-Cd) and urinary cadmium (U-Cd) were assessed among non-smokers, cigarette smokers, sheesha smokers, and both cigarette and sheesha smokers. Urinary cotinine (U-cotinine), which is a metabolite of nicotine with a biological half-life of > 10 h was used as a marker of exposure to tobacco smoke. Results indicate that smoking sheesha is another source of tobacco exposure. B-Cd, U-Cd, and U-cotinine were significantly higher among cigarette and both cigarette and sheesha smokers. U-cotinine was associated only with B-Cd concentrations. Exposure to Cd from smoking cigarette or/and sheesha could effect some of the renal dysfunction indices. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Descriptors cadmium, cotinine, tobacco smoke, adolescent, adult, article, blood level, smoking, devices, human, kidney disease, kidney function, male, priority journal, smoking habit, tobacco, urine level Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al-Saleh,I., Shinwari,N., Basile,P., Al-Dgaither,S., Al-Mutairi,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in German restaurants, pubs and discotheques	2008	Department of Environmental Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, Germany. gabriele.bolte@lgl.bayern.de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Expo.Sci.Environ.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 18 Issue 3 Start Page 262 Other Pages 271 Notes JID: 101262796; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2007/06/13 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1559-064X; 1559-0631 Accession Number PMID: 17565353 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 7500590 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17565353 Abstract In contrast to other countries, there is an on-going debate but still no smoke-free legislation in Germany. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in hospitality venues is assumed to be high, but air quality data are lacking. Therefore, the aim of our study was to perform a comprehensive exposure assessment by analysing the indoor air concentration of toxic or carcinogenic ETS compounds in restaurants, pubs, and discotheques. Active sampling of indoor air was conducted for 4 h during the main visiting hours in 28 hospitality venues. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), volatile organic compounds (VOC), aldehydes/ketones, and cadmium were analysed. In addition, particle mass concentration was assessed with two different methods and particle number concentration (PNC) was determined. Median nicotine levels were 15 microg/m(3) in restaurants, 31 microg/m(3) in pubs, and 193 microg/m(3) in discotheques. Across these three sampling site categories median levels of 3-ethenylpyridine ranged from 3 to 24 microg/m(3), median levels of benzene from 8 to 20 microg/m(3), median levels of cadmium from 3 to 10 ng/m(3), and median levels of the sum of 16 PAH according to US-EPA from 215 to 375 ng/m(3), respectively. Median PM(2.5) mass concentration assessed gravimetrically varied between 178 and 808 microg/m(3) and PNC between 120,000 and 210,000 particles per cm(3) in restaurants, pubs, and discotheques. The majority of the particles had a size of 0.01-0.5 microm. Concentrations of ETS compounds were always highest in discotheques. The strong correlation between ETS-specific markers (nicotine, 3-ethenylpyridine) and PM(2.5), PAH, VOC, aldehydes/ketones, and cadmium indicated ETS as main source of these toxic or carcinogenic substances. In conclusion, indoor air concentrations of ETS constituents were high in German hospitality venues and represented a substantial health threat. Effective measures to protect patrons and staff from ETS exposure are necessary from a public health point of view. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects/analysis, Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/analysis, Environmental Health, Environmental Monitoring, Germany, Humans, Particle Size, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis/toxicity, Public Facilities, Restaurants, Risk Assessment, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis, Ventilation Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bolte,G., Heitmann,D., Kiranoglu,M., Schierl,R., Diemer,J., Koerner,W., Fromme,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20070613 PMCID Editors
Exposure to fine and ultrafine particles from secondhand smoke in public places before and after the smoking ban, Italy 2005	2007	University of Rome La Sapienza, 5 Ple Aldo Moro, 00185 Rome, Italy. pasquale.valente@iss.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 5 Start Page 312 Other Pages 317 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); OID: NLM: PMC2598558; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 17897989 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 16/5/312 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17897989 Abstract BACKGROUND: A smoking ban in all indoor public places was enforced in Italy on 10 January 2005. METHODS: We compared indoor air quality before and after the smoking ban by monitoring the indoor concentrations of fine (<2.5 microm diameter, PM2.5) and ultrafine particulate matter (<0.1 microm diameter, UFP). PM2.5 and ultrafine particles were measured in 40 public places (14 bars, six fast food restaurants, eight restaurants, six game rooms, six pubs) in Rome, before and after the introduction of the law banning smoking (after 3 and 12 months). Measurements were taken using real time particle monitors (DustTRAK Mod. 8520 TSI; Ultra-fine Particles Counter-TRAK Model 8525 TSI). The PM2.5 data were scaled using a correction equation derived from a comparison with the reference method (gravimetric measurement). The study was completed by measuring urinary cotinine, and pre-law and post-law enforcement among non-smoking employees at these establishments RESULTS: In the post-law period, PM2.5 decreased significantly from a mean concentration of 119.3 microg/m3 to 38.2 microg/m3 after 3 months (p<0.005), and then to 43.3 microg/m3 a year later (p<0.01). The UFP concentrations also decreased significantly from 76,956 particles/cm3 to 38,079 particles/cm3 (p<0.0001) and then to 51,692 particles/cm3 (p<0.01). Similarly, the concentration of urinary cotinine among non-smoking workers decreased from 17.8 ng/ml to 5.5 ng/ml (p<0.0001) and then to 3.7 ng/ml (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The application of the smoking ban led to a considerable reduction in the exposure to indoor fine and ultrafine particles in hospitality venues, confirmed by a contemporaneous reduction of urinary cotinine. Descriptors Adult, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Biomarkers/urine, Cotinine/urine, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Occupational Exposure/analysis, Particulate Matter/analysis, Public Facilities, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Valente,P., Forastiere,F., Bacosi,A., Cattani,G., Di Carlo,S., Ferri,M., Figa-Talamanca,I., Marconi,A., Paoletti,L., Perucci,C., Zuccaro,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC2598558 Editors
Exposure to respirable suspended particles in smoking and non-smoking sections of pubs in southern Poland	2009	Zaklad Chemii Ogolnej i Nieorganicznej, Katedra Chemii Ogolnej i Analitycznej, Slaski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Katowice.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Przeglad lekarski Periodical, Abbrev. Przegl.Lek. Pub Date Free Form Volume 66 Issue 10 Start Page 628 Other Pages 631 Notes JID: 19840720R; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 0033-2240; 0033-2240 Accession Number PMID: 20301897 Language pol SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20301897 Abstract Particulate matter (PM), including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), is one of the main pollutant which it damages of human health seriously. Tobacco smoke is significant source of PM2.5 in indoor microenvironments. New bill of complete smoking ban in all public places in Poland is currently under consideration in polish parliament. Proposed maximum allowed concentration of PM2.5 for all non-smoking sections is 0.03 mg/m3. Concentrations of tobacco-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were monitored in thirteen pubs located in southern part of Poland during winter season. All examined pubs had two types of sections: smoking and non-smoking. PM2.5 concentrations were monitored during one hour in each section using DustTrak monitor (TSI Inc., USA). The Wilcoxon matched pair test was used to compare pollutant concentrations in smoking vs. non-smoking sections. Average 1-hour PM2.5 concentration in smoking sections was 1.25 +/- 1.85 mg/ m3 and varied from 0.18 do 7.21 mg/ m3. Average 1-hour PM2.5 concentration in non-smoking sections was 0.35 +/- 0.29 mg/m3 and varied from 0.056 to 1.01 mg/m3. The highest temporary PM2.5 concentration of 25.5 mg/m3 was found in a pub located in cellar storey were with volume of 60 m3, 13 smokers and no air-condition. There was little difference in PM2.5 levels between smoking and non-smoking section. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Maximum Allowable Concentration, Particulate Matter/analysis, Poland, Restaurants, Seasons, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cholewinski,M., Adamczyk,R., Czogala,J., Goniewicz,M. L., Zielinska-Danch,W., Sobczak,A., Slodczyk,E., Koszowski,B. Original/Translated Title Narazenie na pyl respirabilny w pubach poludniowej Polski z wydzielonymi miejscami dla palacych papierosy i niepalacych URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Exposure to secondhand smoke and attitudes toward smoke-free workplaces among employed U.S. adults: findings from the National Adult Tobacco Survey	2014	Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA baking@cdc.gov.; Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and He	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 10 Start Page 1307 Other Pages 1318 Notes LR: 20151026; CI: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2014; GR: CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); HHSPA709982; OID: NLM: HHSPA709982; OID: N Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24812025 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu069 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24812025 Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and attitudes toward smoke-free workplaces among employed U.S. adults. METHODS: Data came from the 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey, a landline and cellular telephone survey of adults aged >/=18 years in the United States and the District of Columbia. National and state estimates of past 7-day workplace SHS exposure and attitudes toward indoor and outdoor smoke-free workplaces were assessed among employed adults. National estimates were calculated by sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, annual household income, sexual orientation, U.S. region, and smoking status. RESULTS: Among employed adults who did not smoke cigarettes, 20.4% reported past 7-day SHS exposure at their workplace (state range: 12.4% [Maine] to 30.8% [Nevada]). Nationally, prevalence of exposure was higher among males, those aged 18-44 years, non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic American Indians/Alaska natives compared to non-Hispanic Whites, those with less education and income, those in the western United States, and those with no smoke-free workplace policy. Among all employed adults, 83.8% and 23.2% believed smoking should never be allowed in indoor and outdoor areas of workplaces, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: One-fifth of employed U.S. adult nonsmokers are exposed to SHS in the workplace, and disparities in exposure exist across states and subpopulations. Most employed adults believe indoor areas of workplaces should be smoke free, and nearly one-quarter believe outdoor areas should be smoke free. Efforts to protect employees from SHS exposure and to educate the public about the dangers of SHS and benefits of smoke-free workplaces could be beneficial. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US Data Source Authors King,B.A., Homa,D.M., Dube,S.R., Babb,S.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140508 PMCID PMC4517583 Editors

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