WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Drug susceptibility of matrix-encapsulated Candida albicans nano-biofilms	2014	Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78249.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Biotechnology and bioengineering Periodical, Abbrev. Biotechnol.Bioeng. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 111 Issue 2 Start Page 418 Other Pages 424 Notes LR: 20160401; CI: (c) 2013; GR: 1R01DE023510-01/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: 5G12 RR013646-10/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DE023510/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: SC1 HL112629/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; GR: SC1HL112629/HL/NHLBI Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1097-0290; 0006-3592 Accession Number PMID: 24114441 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1002/bit.25120 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24114441 Abstract The rise in the use of biomedical devices and implants has seen a concomitant surge in the advent of device-related nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infections of bacterial and fungal origins. The most common nosocomial fungal infection is candidiasis caused mainly by Candida albicans biofilms. Candidiasis is associated with an unacceptably high mortality rate, and there is an urgent need for the discovery of new antifungal drugs that prevent or control biofilm formation. To this end, we recently developed an ultra-high-throughput microarray platform consisting of nano-scale biofilms of C. albicans encapsulated in collagen or alginate hydrogel matrices for antifungal drug screening. Here, we report that the choice of matrix influences the apparent susceptibility of C. albicans to the common antifungal drugs, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. While amphotericin B is equally effective against biofilms grown in collagen and alginate matrices, caspofungin is effective only against biofilms grown only in alginate, but not in collagen. We demonstrate differences in the distribution of the drugs in the two matrices may contribute to the susceptibility of C. albicans nano-biofilms. In a larger context, our results highlight the importance of the choice of matrix as a parameter in 3D cell encapsulation, and suggest a screening strategy to predict drug performance in vivo. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Wiley Periodicals, Inc Data Source Authors Srinivasan,A., Gupta,C.M., Agrawal,C.M., Leung,K.P., Lopez-Ribot,J.L., Ramasubramanian,A.K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131018 PMCID PMC4331649 Editors
Variable bacterial load of Legionella spp. in a hospital water system	2009	Department of Biomedical Science - Hygiene Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. c.napoli@igiene.uniba.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Science of the total environment Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form 20-Dec Volume 408 Issue 2 Start Page 242 Other Pages 244 Notes JID: 0330500; 2009/08/04 [received]; 2009/09/16 [revised]; 2009/09/24 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-1026; 0048-9697 Accession Number PMID: 19836825 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.039 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19836825 Abstract Several approved protocols for the prevention of Legionella pneumonia base the type of intervention (to disinfect or not) on the level of contamination found (cfu/L). However, if the level of contamination by Legionella spp. of a water system fluctuates in a short period of time, inadequate sampling could lead to different decisions being made. To determine if there are significant variations in the bacterial count of Legionella spp., water samples were taken at different times from the same sites. Eight wards were selected from a large hospital in Southern Italy and a water sample was taken from 21 taps in each ward at the same time each day for 5 consecutive days. A Freidman test detected statistically significant differences in average Legionella spp. load over the 5 sampling days (p value10,000 cfu/L in hospitals without documented cases of disease. In the present study, the daily average loads varied, during the 5-day sampling period, above and below this cut-off (10,000 cfu/L). This means that the decision to disinfect or not would be different depending on which day the sampling was carried out. Our data suggest that, especially in health-care facilities, a single sampling would not give a realistic estimation of risk; therefore, even at lower levels of bacterial load, measures should be taken to reduce it further. Descriptors Colony Count, Microbial, Hospitals, Italy, Legionella pneumophila/growth & development, Legionnaires' Disease/microbiology/prevention & control, Statistics, Nonparametric, Water Microbiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Napoli,C., Iatta,R., Fasano,F., Marsico,T., Montagna,M. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Legionella spp. and legionellosis in southeastern Italy: disease epidemiology and environmental surveillance in community and health care facilities	2010	Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology - Hygiene section, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy. c.napoli@igiene.uniba.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 2-Nov Volume 10 Issue Start Page 660 Other Pages 2458-10-660 Notes LR: 20150205; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC2988737; 2009/12/15 [received]; 2010/11/02 [accepted]; 2010/11/02 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 21044294 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-660 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21044294 Abstract BACKGROUND: Following the publication of the Italian Guidelines for the control and prevention of legionellosis an environmental and clinical surveillance has been carried out in Southeastern Italy. The aim of the study is to identify the risk factors for the disease, so allowing better programming of the necessary prevention measures. METHODS: During the period January 2000 - December 2009 the environmental surveillance was carried out by water sampling of 129 health care facilities (73 public and 56 private hospitals) and 533 buildings within the community (63 private apartments, 305 hotels, 19 offices, 4 churches, 116 gyms, 3 swimming pools and 23 schools). Water sampling and microbiological analysis were carried out following the Italian Guidelines. From January 2005, all facilities were subject to risk analysis through the use of a standardized report; the results were classified as good (G), medium (M) and bad (B). As well, all the clinical surveillance forms for legionellosis, which must be compiled by physicians and sent to the Regional Centre for Epidemiology (OER), were analyzed. RESULTS: Legionella spp. was found in 102 (79.1%) health care facilities and in 238 (44.7%) community buildings. The percentages for the contamination levels 10,000 cfu/L were respectively 33.1%, 53.4% and 13.5% for samples from health care facilities and 33.5%, 43.3% and 23.2% for samples from the community. Both in hospital and community environments, Legionella pneumophila serogroup (L. pn sg) 2-14 was the most frequently isolate (respectively 54.8% and 40.8% of positive samples), followed by L. pn sg 1 (respectively 31.3% and 33%). The study showed a significant association between M or B score at the risk analysis and Legionella spp. positive microbiological test results (p < 0.001). From clinical surveillance, during the period January 2001 - August 2009, 97 cases of legionellosis were reported to the OER: 88 of community origin and 9 nosocomial. The most frequent symptoms were: fever (93.8%), cough (70.1%), dyspnea (58.8%), shivering (56.7%). Radiological evidence of pneumonia was reported in 68%. The laboratory diagnostic methods used were: urinary antigen (54.3%), single antibody titer (19.8%), only seroconversion (11.1%), other diagnostic methods (14.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests that risk analysis and environmental microbiological surveillance should be carried out more frequently to control the environmental spread of Legionella spp. Furthermore, the laboratory diagnosis of legionellosis cannot be excluded only on the basis of a single negative test: some patients were positive to only one of the diagnostic tests. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Community-Acquired Infections, Female, Health Facilities, Humans, Italy/epidemiology, Legionella/isolation & purification, Legionellosis/epidemiology/etiology, Male, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Risk Factors, Water Supply Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Napoli,C., Fasano,F., Iatta,R., Barbuti,G., Cuna,T., Montagna,M. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20101102 PMCID PMC2988737 Editors
Susceptibility to echinocandins of Candida spp. strains isolated in Italy assessed by European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods	2015	Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Hygiene Section, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari, Italy. mariateresa.montagna@uniba.it.; Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Hygiene Section, University of	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 20-May Volume 15 Issue Start Page 106 Other Pages 015-0442-4 Notes LR: 20150522; JID: 100966981; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Lipopeptides); 9HLM53094I (anidulafungin); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); R10H71BSWG (micafungin); OID: NLM: PMC4437500; 2015/01/09 [received]; 2015/05/11 [accepted]; 2015/05/20 [aheado Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2180; 1471-2180 Accession Number PMID: 25990252 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/s12866-015-0442-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25990252 Abstract BACKGROUND: The echinocandins are recommended as first-line therapy for Candida species infections, but drug resistance, especially among Candida glabrata, is becoming more frequent. We investigated the antifungal susceptibility of anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin against 584 isolates of Candida spp. (bloodstream, other sterile sites) collected from patients admitted to an Italian university hospital between 2000 and 2013. The susceptibility was evaluated using the broth microdilution method according to both the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST EDef 7.2) and the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI M27-A3). The echinocandin susceptibilities were assessed on the basis of the species-specific clinical breakpoints proposed by the EUCAST version 6.1 and CLSI M27-S4 documents. The two methods were comparable by assessing essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement (CA), and Spearman's correlation analysis (rho, r). RESULTS: The modal minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs; mug mL (-1)) values by both methods (EUCAST/CLSI) for anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin for each species were, respectively, as follows: C. albicans, 0.03/0.12, 0.016/0.5, and 0.016/0.008; C. parapsilosis complex, 2/1, 2/2, and 2/1; C. tropicalis, 0.06/0.12, 0.06/0.12, and 0.06/0.12; C. glabrata complex, 0.03/0.25, 0.06/0.12, and 0.03/0.06; C. guilliermondii, 2/1, 2/2, and 2/2; and C. krusei, 0.06/0.12, 0.12/0.5, and 0.06/0.12. The overall resistance rates for EUCAST/CLSI were as follows: anidulafungin, 2.5/0.9%; caspofungin, breakpoint not available/3.8%; micafungin, 2.7/1.5%. Candida glabrata complex was the least susceptible to all three echinocandins, and the percentages of resistant isolates by EUCAST/CLSI were as follows: anidulafungin, 13.5/2.7%; caspofungin, breakpoint not available/16.2%; micafungin, 18.9/13.5%. The overall EA was 93 % for micafungin, 92% for anidulafungin, and 90% for caspofungin. The CA was >90% for all organism-drug combinations with the exception of C. glabrata and anidulafungin (89%). Spearman's rho for EUCAST/CLSI was 0.89 (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Montagna,M.T., Lovero,G., Coretti,C., Martinelli,D., De Giglio,O., Iatta,R., Balbino,S., Rosato,A., Caggiano,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150520 PMCID PMC4437500 Editors
Legionella spp., amoebae and not-fermenting Gram negative bacteria in an Italian university hospital water system	2014	Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy.; Italian National Research Council, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Messina, Italy.; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine : AAEM Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Agric.Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 3 Start Page 489 Other Pages 493 Notes JID: 9500166; ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 1898-2263; 1232-1966 Accession Number PMID: 25292115 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.5604/12321966.1120623 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25292115 Abstract INTRODUCTION: In hospital and other health care facilities, contamination of water systems by potentially infectious microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa, is a source of nosocomial infections, which may originate fromcolonization of water pipes, cooling towers, spa pools, taps, showers and water supplies. Objective. The study focuses on the occurrence of Legionella spp., free-living amoebae and non-fermenting Gram-negative microorganisms in a University hospital water system located in the town of Messina (Sicily, Italy), which had never been examined previously. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2008 - March 2009, hot tap water samples were collected from 10 wards. Legionella spp. recovered on selective culture medium were identified by microagglutination latex test; free-living amoebae were cultured using Escherichia coli as a food source. Non-fermenting Gram negative microorganisms were identified by API 20 NE strips. RESULTS: Legionella spp. were found in 33.33% of the samples. L. pneumophila serogroup 1 was recovered from the Laboratory Diagnostic and Anaesthesia-Neurology Wards, with a peak of 3.5 x 10(4) cfu/L in May 2008. L. pneumophila serogroups 2-14 were found in the Othorhinolaryngology, Pathologic Anatomy, Paediatrics and Surgery Wards, and peaked (4 x 10(4) cfu/L) in April 2008. Pseudomonadaceae and Hyphomycetes were also detected. Legionella spp. were recovered from samples positive for non-pathogenic amoebae Hartmannella spp. CONCLUSION: This first study of a Messina hospital water system suggested potential health risks related to the detection of Hartmannella spp., as reservoirs for Legionella spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram negative non-fermenting bacterium frequently causing nosocomial pneumonia. The urgent need for monitoring programmes and prevention measures to ensure hospital water safety is stressed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lagana,P., Caruso,G., Piccione,D., Gioffre,M.E., Pino,R., Delia,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence and Severity of Depression and Its Association with Substance Use in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia	2016	Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Ethiopia.; College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia.; Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Ethiopia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Depression research and treatment Periodical, Abbrev. Depress Res.Treat. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2016 Issue Start Page 3460462 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160415; JID: 101546752; OID: NLM: PMC4812317; 2015/11/20 [received]; 2016/02/15 [revised]; 2016/02/16 [accepted]; 2016/03/16 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2090-1321; 2090-1321 Accession Number PMID: 27069680 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1155/2016/3460462 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27069680 Abstract Background. Depression is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and affects 350 million people worldwide. Substance use could be the risk factor for depression. Objective. We aim to determine the prevalence and severity of depression and its association with substance use. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 650 respondents in Jimma town in March 2014. A multistage stratified sampling method was conducted. Structured questionnaire and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scale were used for data collection. Data analysis was done using the SPSS Version 20.0 for Windows. Results. The participation rate of respondents was 590/650 (90.77%). The proportion of females was 300 (50.9%). The current prevalence of depression was 171 (29.0%). Based on the BDI-II grading of the severity of depression, 102 (59.6%) had mild, 56 (32.7%) had moderate, 13 (7.6%) had severe depression. In the present study, age of 55 years and above [OR = 5.94, CI: 2.26-15.58], being widowed [OR = 5.18, CI: 1.18-22.76], illiterates [OR = 9.06, CI: 2.96-27.75], khat chewing [OR = 10.07, CI: 5.57-18.25], cigarette smoking [OR = 3.15, CI: 1.51-6.58], and shisha usage [OR = 3.04, CI: 1.01-9.19] were significantly and independently associated with depression. Conclusion. The finding depicted that depression was a moderate public health problem. Advanced age, being widowed, illiterate, khat chewing, and cigarette and shisha smocking could be the potential risk factors for depression. Risk reduction is recommended. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mossie,A., Kindu,D., Negash,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160316 PMCID PMC4812317 Editors
Influence of metals on rhinosinusal polyposis in Sardinian population (Italy)	2016	Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.; INBB-National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy.; Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental science and pollution research international Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Sci.Pollut.Res.Int. Pub Date Free Form 13-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160814; JID: 9441769; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/03/04 [received]; 2016/08/04 [accepted]; 2016/08/13 [aheadofprint]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1614-7499; 0944-1344 Accession Number PMID: 27522207 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1007/s11356-016-7406-6 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27522207 Abstract Metals have strong toxic effects in humans and can act as immunoregulatory factors. The purpose of our study was to determine whether the concentrations of metals are associated with the clinical course of nasal polyposis (NP). We measured the concentrations of 10 metals and non-metal (Zn, Mn, Se, Fe, Cr, Ni, Pb, Al, Cd, and Cu) in 58 patients with NP, and 29 controls with a healthy nasal mucosa. We used electron microscopy to compare the ultrastructural features of the nasal mucosa between NP patients and healthy controls. Concentrations of metals in nasal polyps and healthy mucosa were determined by mass spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of the nasal mucosa were obtained. The mean tissue concentrations of all 10 metals and non-metal were significantly lower in NP patients than in healthy controls (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Asara,Y., Melis,A., De Luca,L.M., Bozzo,C., Castiglia,P., Chessa,G., Piras,P., Karligkiotis,A., Bandiera,P., Malaguarnera,M., Marchal,J.A., Madeddu,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160813 PMCID Editors
Molecular monitoring of bacterial community structure in long-aged nukadoko: pickling bed of fermented rice bran dominated by slow-growing lactobacilli	2007	Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. nakayama@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Periodical, Abbrev. J.Biosci.Bioeng. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 104 Issue 6 Start Page 481 Other Pages 489 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100888800; 2007/05/28 [received]; 2007/09/18 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1389-1723; 1347-4421 Accession Number PMID: 18215635 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1263/jbb.104.481 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18215635 Abstract Nukadoko is the fermented rice bran bed traditionally used for pickling vegetables in Japan. Here, we investigate the bacterial community structure of nukadoko using several culture-independent methods. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequence analysis of V2-V3 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) fragments amplified from a long-aged nukadoko bacterial community indicated seven predominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) closely related to known Lactobacillus species. Phylogenetic analysis of these OTUs indicated a major cluster consisting of six OTUs including a dominant OTU closely related to Lactobacillus acidifarinae and one distinct OTU corresponding to Lactobacillus acetotolerans. L. acetotolerans was commonly detected as a dominant species in samples from different seasons. The succession of microbial community structure in the fermentation and ripening processes was investigated using a laboratory model nukadoko. The L. acidifarinae-like bacteria grew rapidly with a pH decrease in the first few days after inoculation, whereas L. acetotolerans grew slowly and became dominant after one week. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) showed that the doubling time of L. acetotolerans was 12 h, while that of total bacteria was 4 h. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) targeting 16S rRNA showed a low metabolic activity of L. acetotolerans throughout the fermentation and ripening processes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that L. acetotolerans was a dominant bacterium in the ripening period and had a low metabolic activity. These results indicate that the slow-growing L. acetotolerans stably dominated nukadoko microbiota after the L. acidifarinae-like bacteria mainly contributed to the lactic acid fermentation of the rice bran. Descriptors Colony Count, Microbial/methods, Fermentation, Lactobacillus/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Oryza/microbiology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Nakayama,J., Hoshiko,H., Fukuda,M., Tanaka,H., Sakamoto,N., Tanaka,S., Ohue,K., Sakai,K., Sonomoto,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of environmental tobacco smoke on respiratory health of boys and girls from kindergarten: results from 15 districts of northern China	2007	Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Indoor air Periodical, Abbrev. Indoor Air Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 17 Issue 6 Start Page 475 Other Pages 483 Notes LR: 20130520; JID: 9423515; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0905-6947; 0905-6947 Accession Number PMID: 18045272 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI INA495 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18045272 Abstract The effects of childhood environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on respiratory symptoms were investigated in 6053 kindergarten-aged children residing in 15 districts of northern China. Responses to a self-administered questionnaire completed by parents of children from 30 kindergartens were used to ascertain children with persistent cough, persistent phlegm, asthma symptom, current asthma, wheeze and wheeze without asthma. In first 2 years ETS exposure and current ETS exposure were associated with increased prevalence of persistent cough, persistent phlegm, wheeze and wheeze without asthma. Among boys, ETS exposure was associated with more respiratory symptoms and diseases than in girls. ETS exposure during pregnancy was associated with asthma symptom [odds ratio (OR), 3.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.28-7.03], current asthma (OR, 3.38; 95% CI: 1.25-9.14), persistent cough (OR, 1.64; 95% CI: 1.13-2.37), persistent phlegm (OR, 1.74; 95% CI: 1.01-3.01), wheeze (OR, 1.75; 95% CI: 1.15-2.68), and wheeze without asthma (OR, 1.46; 95% CI: 1.01-2.37) only among boys. In boys, the adjusted ORs for increased risk of asthma symptom and current asthma for household exposures (> or =10 cigarettes smoked per day vs. none smoked) during workday were 2.04 (95% CI: 1.01-3.89) and 2.76 (95% CI: 1.06-9.58), respectively. We conclude that ETS exposure increases the occurrence of respiratory symptoms and diseases during childhood. Boys may be more susceptible to ETS than girls. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a highly prevalent respiratory irritant. In agreement with previous cross-sectional studies, our study indicates that exposure to ETS may increase the occurrence of respiratory symptoms and diseases in children, and the association of ETS exposure and respiratory health of children increased in strength with number of cigarettes smoked inside the house per day during workday and day-off. Boys may be more susceptible to ETS than girls. These findings support the view that measures should be taken to reduce ETS exposure for children. Descriptors Child, Child, Preschool, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure/adverse effects, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology/etiology, Students, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dong,G. H., Cao,Y., Ding,H. L., Ma,Y. N., Jin,J., Zhao,Y. D., He,Q. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Low vitamin D, and bone mineral density with depressive symptoms burden in menopausal and postmenopausal women	2015	Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey ; Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Mancheste	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of mid-life health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Midlife Health. Pub Date Free Form Jul-Sep Volume 6 Issue 3 Start Page 108 Other Pages 114 Notes LR: 20151107; JID: 101552746; OID: NLM: PMC4604669; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication India ISSN/ISBN 0976-7800 Accession Number PMID: 26538987 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.4103/0976-7800.165590 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26538987 Abstract BACKGROUND: The reported association between vitamin D level and loss of Bone mineral densitometry measurements (BMD) has been controversial. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine whether low vitamin D level and BMD are associated with depresive symptoms as burden in Arab women during the menopausal and postmenopausal period. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used at the Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers in Qatar. SUBJECTS: A multi-stage sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1436 women aged 45-65 years were included during July 2012 and November 2013 and 1106 women agreed to participate (77.2%) and responded to the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BMD (g/m(2)) was assessed at the BMD unit using a Lunar Prodigy DXA system (Lunar Corp., Madison, WI). The antero-posterior lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the mean of the proximal right and left femur were be measured by two technician and then reviewed by one radiologist. Data on body mass index (BMI), clinical biochemistry variables including serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were collected. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered for depression purposes. RESULTS: Of the 1436 women living in urban and rural areas, 1106 women agreed to participate (77.0%) and responded to the study. The mean age and standard deviation of the subjects was 53.8 +/- 3.2. The median age of natural menopausal in the present study was 49 years (mean and standard deviation 49.5 +/- 3.1 and postmenopausal was 58.1 +/- 3.3). There were statistically significant differences between menopausal stages with regards to ethnicity, education level, systolic and dialostic blood pressure, parity, sheesha smoking and depressive symptoms. Overall 30.4% of women were affected with osteopenia/osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal (24.4% vs 35.7%; P = 0.0442). Osteopenia in premenopausal and postmenopausal (18.7% vs 29.3%; P = 0.030) and Osteoporosis (9.9% vs 15.9%; P = 0.049) were significantly higher in post-menopausal women than in premenopausal women (P = 0.046). Similarly, vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among postmenopausal women than menopausal women. Overall, only 15.1% of women had optimum vitamin D level and 15.5% had severe, 33.2% had moderate vitamin D insufficiency and 36.3% had mild vitamin D insufficiency in menopausal and post menopausal women (P = 0.021). The study revealed that vitamin D level, hemoglobin level, serum iron fasting plasma glucose, calcium, triglycerides, high density lipid (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipid (LDL) Cholesterol, alkaline phosphate and magnesium were considerably lower in postmenopausal compared to menopausal women (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bener,A., Saleh,N.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4604669 Editors

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