Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort descending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation | 2009 | Department of Primary Care & General Practice, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK, B15 2TT. a.c.parsons@bham.ac.uk | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cochrane Database Syst.Rev.
Pub Date Free Form
21-Jan
Volume
(1):CD006219. doi
Issue
1
Start Page
CD006219
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 100909747; 0 (Antidepressive Agents); 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Piperidines); 0 (Pyrazoles); 0 (Quinoxalines); 158681-13-1 (rimonabant); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-493X; 1361-6137
Accession Number
PMID: 19160269
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
10.1002/14651858.CD006219.pub2 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19160269
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Most people who stop smoking gain weight, on average about 7 kg in the long term. There are some interventions that have been specifically designed to tackle smoking cessation whilst also limiting weight gain. Many smoking cessation pharmacotherapies and other interventions may also limit weight gain. OBJECTIVES: This review is divided into two parts. (1) Interventions designed specifically to aid smoking cessation and limit post-cessation weight gain (2) Interventions designed to aid smoking cessation that may also plausibly have an effect on weight SEARCH STRATEGY: Part 1: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group's Specialized Register which includes trials indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciSearch and PsycINFO, and other reviews and conference abstracts. Part 2: We searched the included studies of Cochrane smoking cessation reviews of nicotine replacement therapy, antidepressants, nicotine receptor partial agonists, cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists (rimonabant), and exercise interventions, published in Issue 4, 2008 of The Cochrane Library. SELECTION CRITERIA: Part 1: We included trials of interventions designed specifically to address both smoking cessation and post-cessation weight gain that had measured weight at any follow-up point and/or smoking six months or more after quitting.Part 2: We included trials from the selected Cochrane reviews that could plausibly modify post-cessation weight gain if they had reported weight gain by trial arm at end of treatment or later. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data in duplicate on smoking and weight for part 1 trials, and on weight only for part 2. Abstinence from smoking is expressed as a risk ratio (RR), using the most rigorous definition of abstinence available in each trial, and biochemically validated rates if available. The outcome is expressed as the difference in weight change between trial arms from baseline. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using the Mantel-Haenszel method for smoking and inverse variance for weight using a fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: We found evidence that pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing post-cessation weight gain resulted in a significant reduction in weight gain at the end of treatment (dexfenfluramine (-2.50kg [-2.98kg to -2.02kg], fluoxetine (-0.80kg [-1.27kg to -0.33kg], phenylpropanolamine (PPA) (-0.50kg [-0.80kg to -0.20kg], naltrexone (-0.76kg [-1.51kg to -0.01kg])). No evidence of maintenance of the treatment effect was found at six or 12 months.Among the behavioural interventions, only weight control advice was associated with no reduction in weight gain and with a possible reduction in abstinence. Individualized programmes were associated with reduced weight gain at end of treatment and at 12 months (-2.58kg [-5.11kg to -0.05kg]), and with no effect on abstinence (RR 0.74 [0.39 to 1.43]). Very low calorie diets (-1.30kg (-3.49kg to 0.89kg] at 12 months) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (-5.20kg (-9.28kg to -1.12kg] at 12 months) were both associated with improved abstinence and reduced weight gain at end of treatment and at long-term follow up.Both bupropion (300mg/day) and fluoxetine (30mg and 60mg/day combined) were found to limit post-cessation weight gain at the end of treatment (-0.76kg [-1.17kg to -0.35kg] I(2)=48%) and -1.30kg [-1.91kg to -0.69kg]) respectively. There was no evidence that the weight reducing effect of bupropion was dose-dependent. The effect of bupropion at one year was smaller and confidence intervals included no effect (-0.38kg [-2.001kg to 1.24kg]).We found no evidence that exercise interventions significantly reduced post-cessation weight gain at end of treatment but evidence for an effect at 12 months (-2.07kg [-3.78kg, -0.36kg]).Treatment with NRT resulted in attenuation of post-cessation weight gain (-0.45kg [-0.70kg, -0.20kg]) at the end of treatment, with no evidence that the effect differed for different forms of NRT. The estimat
Descriptors
Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use, Benzazepines/administration & dosage, Exercise, Female, Humans, Male, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage, Piperidines/administration & dosage, Pyrazoles/administration & dosage, Quinoxalines/administration & dosage, Smoking Cessation/methods, Varenicline, Weight Gain/drug effects
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Parsons,A. C., Shraim,M., Inglis,J., Aveyard,P., Hajek,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090121
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Development of an ionic liquid based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples | 2009 | Dpto. Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Instituto de Investigacion y Analisis Alimentario, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
4-Sep
Volume
1216
Issue
36
Start Page
6356
Other Pages
6364
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 9318488; 0 (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate); 0 (1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate); 0 (Imidazoles); 0 (Ionic Liquids); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 0
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 19646707
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2009.07.032 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19646707
Abstract
A simple, rapid and efficient method, ionic liquid based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME), has been developed for the first time for the determination of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples. The chemical affinity between the ionic liquid (1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) and the analytes permits the extraction of the PAHs from the sample matrix also allowing their preconcentration. Thus, this technique combines extraction and concentration of the analytes into one step and avoids using toxic chlorinated solvents. The factors affecting the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of ionic liquid, type and volume of disperser solvent, extraction time, dispersion stage, centrifuging time and ionic strength, were optimised. Analysis of extracts was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with fluorescence detection (Flu). The optimised method exhibited a good precision level with relative standard deviation values between 1.2% and 5.7%. Quantification limits obtained for all of these considered compounds (between 0.1 and 7 ng L(-1)) were well below the limits recommended in the EU. The extraction yields for the different compounds obtained by IL-DLLME, ranged from 90.3% to 103.8%. Furthermore, high enrichment factors (301-346) were also achieved. The extraction efficiency of the optimised method is compared with that achieved by liquid-liquid extraction. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of PAHs in real water samples (tap, bottled, fountain, well, river, rainwater, treated and raw wastewater).
Descriptors
Analytic Sample Preparation Methods, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Imidazoles, Ionic Liquids, Microchemistry/methods, Osmolar Concentration, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Rain/chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Rivers/chemistry, Solvents, Time Factors, Water/chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Pena,M. T., Casais,M. C., Mejuto,M. C., Cela,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090721
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in the adult Chinese population | 2009 | Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Endoscopy
Periodical, Abbrev.
Endoscopy
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
41
Issue
12
Start Page
1011
Other Pages
1017
Notes
CI: Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart New York.; JID: 0215166; 2009/12/04 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8812; 0013-726X
Accession Number
PMID: 19967617
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1055/s-0029-1215291 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19967617
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in an adult Chinese population without gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between March 2006 and February 2007, consecutive individuals aged between 18 and 75 years, who underwent routine upper endoscopy as part of their regular medical examination were recruited. Demographic and medical information were collected. Erosive esophagitis was defined endoscopically as visible breaks of the distal esophageal mucosa. Barrett's esophagus was diagnosed endoscopically and confirmed histologically. "Silent GERD" was defined when erosive esophagitis and/or Barrett's esophagus were present in an individual without reflux symptoms. RESULTS: Among the 2580 individuals included, erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus were found in 4.3 % (n = 110) and 1.0 % (n = 27), respectively. In individuals with erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus, 33.6 % and 40.7 %, respectively, were asymptomatic. Thus, the prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in individuals without GERS was 1.6 % and 0.5 %, respectively, giving an overall prevalence of silent GERD of 2.0 % (46 / 2270). Multivariate analysis identified that male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.87, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.24 - 6.66; P = 0.014), hiatus hernia (OR = 9.68, 95 %CI 5.00 - 17.95; P < 0.001), and alcohol consumption (OR = 3.17, 95 %CI 1.44 - 6.97; P = 0.004) were positively associated with erosive esophagitis, whereas Helicobacter Pylori infection (OR = 0.37, 95 %CI 0.14 - 0.98; P = 0.046) was negatively associated with erosive esophagitis. Alcohol consumption (OR = 5.32, 95 %CI 1.55 - 13.33; P = 0.008) was positively associated with Barrett's esophagus in asymptomatic individuals. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of the adult Chinese population without reflux symptoms, the prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus is 1.6 % and 0.5 %, respectively, with an overall prevalence of silent GERD of 2.0 %. Male sex, hiatus hernia, and alcohol consumption are positively associated with erosive esophagitis, whereas a negative association exists for H. pylori infection. Alcohol consumption is positively associated with Barrett's esophagus.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis/epidemiology, China/epidemiology, Esophagitis/diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology, Esophagoscopy, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Peng,S., Cui,Y., Xiao,Y. L., Xiong,L. S., Hu,P. J., Li,C. J., Chen,M. H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20091204
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Temporal distribution, behaviour and reactivities of BTEX compounds in a suburban Atlantic area during a year | 2009 | Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of A Coruna, Campus da Zapateira s/n, E-15071 A Coruna, Spain. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Environ.Monit.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
11
Issue
6
Start Page
1216
Other Pages
1225
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 100968688; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); 2009/04/02 [aheadofprint]; 2009/06/01 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1464-0333; 1464-0325
Accession Number
PMID: 19513453
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1039/b819370c [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19513453
Abstract
The temporal distribution of BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers) in ambient air was studied in a suburban Atlantic area in the northwest of Spain. These compounds mean serious risks for public and occupational health and for biological and physical environments. A total of 1200 samples were analysed during a year, and in most of the samples toluene was the most abundant VOC followed by benzene or m+p-xylene. The average concentrations were 1.62, 2.15, 0.60, 0.94 and 0.47 microg m(-3) for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m+p-xylenes and o-xylene respectively, although they reached values as high as 50.53, 28.57, 21.33, 46.13 and 22.74 microg m(-3) for the compounds in the same order. An exhaustive study was carried out to establish how both emission sources and the climatic conditions affected the BTEX levels measured in the outskirts of a small city. Wind directions and speeds, daily and seasonal BTEX profiles, ratios among the concentrations measured in the sampling site, in the city centre and in the fuels commonly used by the cars in the city were studied. The pollution roses revealed the presence of diffuse BTEX sources affecting the sampling point, although all the compounds reached their highest levels when the wind blew from an industrial area in the SW of the city. The daily BTEX profiles were well-correlated with the traffic pattern in the accesses to the city and the seasonal profile showed that the highest concentrations were reported in summertime. The ratios T/B, m+p-X/B and o-X/B were 1.32, 0.58 and 0.29 respectively; these values were lower than the ones reported in previous studies carried out in the centre of the same city. This could be caused by the major distance from the sampling point to the city centre and by the changes in the fuels and in the kind of vehicles used in the city. The correlation coefficients among the TEX fraction were always higher than 0.72 but benzene only showed a good correlation with these compounds in winter. The correlations between BTEX concentrations and their contributions to the photochemistry in the sampling area were used in order to evaluate the distance from the road traffic source and to estimate the presence of fresh or old air masses in the sampling point. This study provides data which can be useful to establish the BTEX levels in suburban areas from the coastal Atlantic region and improves the knowledge of the BTEX presence in this kind of area.
Descriptors
Air Pollutants/analysis, Atmosphere, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Cities, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Seasons, Spain, Suburban Health, Temperature, Toluene/analysis, Vehicle Emissions/analysis, Volatilization, Wind, Xylenes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Perez-Rial,D., Lopez-Mahia,P., Muniategui-Lorenzo,S., Prada-Rodriguez,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090402
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and dampness: respiratory symptoms in Sardinian children--DRIAS study | 2009 | Department of Animal and Human Biology, University La Sapienza, Piazz. Le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. roberta.pirastu@uniroma1.it | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
109
Issue
1
Start Page
59
Other Pages
65
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 0147621; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2007/11/27 [received]; 2008/07/30 [revised]; 2008/09/04 [accepted]; 2008/10/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0953; 0013-9351
Accession Number
PMID: 18952207
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2008.09.002 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18952207
Abstract
Indoor exposures at home, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and mould/dampness adversely affect respiratory health of children. Disturbi Respiratori nell'Infanzia e Ambiente in Sardegna (DRIAS) (Respiratory Symptoms in children and the Environment in Sardegna, Italy) aims at relating the prevalence of respiratory and allergic symptoms to indoor exposures in Sardinian children. DRIAS, a cross-sectional investigation of respiratory symptoms/diseases, used a modified version of ISAAC questionnaire, included 4122 children attending 29 primary schools in the school year 2004-2005. If both parents smoke the prevalence for current wheeze and current asthma is almost doubled in comparison with never smokers, for persistent cough and phlegm a role is suggested when only mother smokes. Among mothers smoking in pregnancy, the prevalence of current wheeze and current asthma is increased. Exposure to ETS and family atopy have a joint effect resulting in an almost tripling of prevalence for current wheeze and more than four times for current asthma. Exposure to "dampness" (mould or dampness) both during the first year of life and currently is associated with increased prevalence of current wheeze, persistent cough or phlegm and current rhino-conjunctivitis; if exposure is only during the first year of life a doubling or more of prevalence is observed for current wheeze, current asthma, and persistent cough or phlegm. DRIAS results add evidence to the causal role of childhood exposure to ETS in the development of respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, and wheezing) and asthma. The joint effect of ETS and family atopy is corroborated. The results strengthen the evidence for a causal association between "dampness" and respiratory health, pointing to its possible independent role in causing asthma, a long-lasting exposure entails a doubled prevalence for both asthmatic and bronchitis symptoms.
Descriptors
Air/analysis/standards, Air Microbiology, Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects/analysis, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Housing/standards, Humans, Italy/epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology/etiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Pirastu,R., Bellu,C., Greco,P., Pelosi,U., Pistelli,R., Accetta,G., Biggeri,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20081025
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Water-pipe tobacco smoking among middle and high school students in Arizona | 2009 | Center for Research on Health Care, 230 McKee Place, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. bprimack@pitt.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Pediatrics
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pediatrics
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
123
Issue
2
Start Page
e282
Other Pages
8
Notes
LR: 20141210; GR: K07 CA114315/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K07 CA114315-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K07-CA114315/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA140150/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA140150-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-4275; 0031-4005
Accession Number
PMID: 19171581
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1542/peds.2008-1663 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19171581
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Using a water pipe to smoke tobacco is increasing in prevalence among US college students, and it may also be common among younger adolescents. The purpose of this study of Arizona middle and high school students was to examine the prevalence of water-pipe tobacco smoking, compare water-pipe tobacco smoking with other forms of tobacco use, and determine associations between sociodemographic variables and water-pipe tobacco smoking in this population. METHODS: We added items assessing water-pipe tobacco smoking to Arizona's 2005 Youth Tobacco Survey and used them to estimate statewide water-pipe tobacco smoking prevalence among various demographic groups by using survey weights. We also used multiple logistic regression to determine which demographic characteristics had independent relationships with each of 2 outcomes: ever use of water pipe to smoke tobacco and water-pipe tobacco smoking in the previous 30 days. RESULTS: Median age of the sample was 14. Accounting for survey weights, among middle school students, 2.1% had ever smoked water-pipe tobacco and 1.4% had done so within the previous 30 days. Among those in high school, 10.3% had ever smoked from a water pipe and 5.4% had done so in the previous 30 days, making water-pipe tobacco smoking more common than use of smokeless tobacco, pipes, bidis, and kreteks (clove cigarettes). In multivariate analyses that controlled for covariates, ever smoking of water-pipe tobacco was associated with older age, Asian race, white race, charter school attendance, and lack of plans to attend college. CONCLUSIONS: Among Arizona youth, water pipe is the third most common source of tobacco after cigarettes and cigars. Increased national surveillance and additional research will be important for addressing this threat to public health.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Arizona/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology, Water
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Primack,B. A., Walsh,M., Bryce,C., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC3013632
Editors
|
|||
| Polyvascular extracoronary atherosclerotic disease in patients with coronary artery disease | 2009 | Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, The John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland. tadeuszprzewlocki@op.pl | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Kardiologia polska
Periodical, Abbrev.
Kardiol.Pol.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
67
Issue
8A
Start Page
978
Other Pages
984
Notes
LR: 20140730; JID: 0376352; ppublish
Place of Publication
Poland
ISSN/ISBN
0022-9032; 0022-9032
Accession Number
PMID: 19784902
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19784902
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are the number one killer in the developed countries, accounting for approximately half of all deaths, with the leading causes being myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke. In line with the ageing population, the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD), lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD), supra-aortic arterial disease (SAD) and renal stenosis (RAS) is increasing. Polyvascular atherosclerosis (PVA) coexisting in several territories has an adverse effect on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. AIM: To determine prevalence, coexistence and predictors of significant PAD, SAD and RAS in patients with suspected CAD. METHODS: Based on angiography, the frequency of coexisting CAD, SAD, PAD and RAS (stenosis > or =50%) was determined in 687 (487 male) consecutive patients, aged 63.5 +/- 9.1 years, referred for coronary angiography. RESULTS: Significant CAD was found in 545 (79.3%) patients (1-vessel in 164; 2-vessel in 157; 3-vessel in 224). SAD, RAS and PAD were found in 136 (19.8%), 55 (8%), and 103 (15%) patients, respectively. Of the 545 patients with confirmed CAD, 346 (63.5%) had stenoses limited to coronary arteries. 2-, 3- and 4-level PVA was found in 130 (23.8%), 61 (11.2%) and 8 (1.5%) patients, respectively. Of the 142 patients without CAD, 127 (89.4%) had no significant stenoses elsewhere, 12 (8.5%) had 1 extracoronary territory and 3 (2.1%) had 2-territory involvement. Backward stepwise binary logistic regression analysis showed the following independent predictors of at least 2-level PVA: 2- and 3-vessel CAD (p or = 1.3 ml/dl (p or = 1.3 ml/dl (p 1.3 mg/dl; and 1.9-fold, 2.4-fold and 2-fold in patients with hyperlipidaemia, smokers and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Significant atherosclerosis in extracoronary arterial territories is present in 36% of patients with documented CAD. With advancing PVA, accumulation of atherosclerosis risk factors, previous atherothrombotic events and more severe CAD is observed.
Descriptors
Adult, Aged, Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular/diagnosis/epidemiology, Comorbidity, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Renal/epidemiology, Intermittent Claudication/epidemiology, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology, Poland/epidemiology, Prevalence, Renal Artery Obstruction/epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Smoking/epidemiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Przewlocki,T., Kablak-Ziembicka,A., Kozanecki,A., Rzeznik,D., Pieniazek,P., Musialek,P., Piskorz,A., Sokolowski,A., Roslawiecka,A., Tracz,W.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Activity of micafungin against Candida biofilms | 2009 | Departamento de Inmunologia, Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia, Universidad del Pais Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Bilbao, Vizcaya, Espana. guillermo.quindos@ehu.es | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia
Periodical, Abbrev.
Rev.Iberoam.Micol.
Pub Date Free Form
31-Mar
Volume
26
Issue
1
Start Page
49
Other Pages
55
Notes
LR: 20121115; JID: 9425531; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Lipopeptides); R10H71BSWG (micafungin); RF: 135; 2009/02/06 [received]; 2009/02/12 [accepted]; 2009/05/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Spain
ISSN/ISBN
1130-1406; 1130-1406
Accession Number
PMID: 19463277
Language
spa
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM
DOI
10.1016/S1130-1406(09)70008-7 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19463277
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Most recalcitrant infections are associated to colonization and microbial biofilm development. These biofilms are difficult to eliminate by the immune response mechanisms and the current antimicrobial therapy. AIM: To describe the antifungal of micafungin against fungal biofilms based in the scientific and medical literature of recent years. METHODS: We have done a bibliographic retrieval using the scientific terms "micafungin", "activity", "biofilm", "Candida", "Aspergillus", "fungi", "mycos"*, susceptibility, in PubMed/Medline from the National Library of Medicine from 2006 to 2009. RESULTS: Most current antifungal agents (amphotericin B and fluconazole) and the new azole antifungals have no activity against fungal biofilms. However, micafungin and the rest of echinocandins are very active against Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei biofilms but their activities are variable and less strong against Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis biofilms. Moreover, they have not activities against the biofilms of Cryptococcus y Trichosporon. CONCLUSIONS: The activity of micafungin against Candida biofilms gives more strength to its therapeutic indication for candidaemia and invasive candidiasis associated to catheter, prosthesis and other biomedical devices.
Descriptors
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Aspergillus/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects, Candida/drug effects, Candidiasis/drug therapy, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal, Echinocandins/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Lipopeptides/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Mycoses/drug therapy, Prosthesis-Related Infections/drug therapy, Species Specificity
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Quindos,G., Villar-Vidal,M., Eraso,E.
Original/Translated Title
Actividad de la micafungina contra las biopeliculas de Candida
URL
Date of Electronic
20090507
PMCID
Editors
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| Canadian and English students' beliefs about waterpipe smoking: a qualitative study | 2009 | UK Centre for Tobacco Control Studies, Primary Care Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
10-Jan
Volume
9
Issue
Start Page
10
Other Pages
9/10/2458
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 100968562; 059QF0KO0R (Water); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC2628878; 2008/06/23 [received]; 2009/01/10 [accepted]; 2009/01/10 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 19134220
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-9-10 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19134220
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Waterpipe smoking is becoming popular among western students. The aim was to understand the appeal to students of this form of smoking when other forms of smoking are becoming less common. METHODS: Waterpipe smokers were identified by snowball sampling and interviewed following a semi-structured schedule in waterpipe cafes and in their homes. Constant comparative analysis was used to derive themes for the analysis. RESULTS: Waterpipe smokers saw smoking as an alternative to more expensive nights out in bars. The appeal was related to the communal activity and the novelty of the experience. Respondents had not thought deeply about the health risks and reasoned that if no warnings about waterpipe smoking were apparent (unlike cigarette smoking) then it was probably safe. These observations were reinforced by observations about the mildness of the smoke, the fruit flavours, and beliefs about the filtering of the water. Waterpipe smokers felt no pressure to stop smoking and therefore had not tried to do so, but felt it might be something they did not continue after university. Waterpipe smoking was not linked in students' minds to other forms of smoking except in one individual who was using waterpipe smoking to help quit cigarettes. CONCLUSION: In the absence of public health information, students have fallen back on superficial experiences to form views that waterpipe smoking is less harmful than other forms of smoking and it is currently much more acceptable in student society than other forms of smoking.
Descriptors
Administration, Inhalation, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cultural Characteristics, Female, Great Britain/epidemiology, Group Processes, Health Behavior, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Ontario/epidemiology, Prevalence, Qualitative Research, Sex Distribution, Smoking/epidemiology/psychology, Students/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco, Water, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Roskin,J., Aveyard,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090110
PMCID
PMC2628878
Editors
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| [Tobacco use and cessation counseling among health professional students Lebanon global health professions student survey, 2005] | 2009 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
J Med Liban
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Liban.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
57
Issue
4
Start Page
243
Other Pages
247
Notes
ID: 114277
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
french
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
The number of deaths attributable to tobacco use is rising globally. Health professionals can help reduce tobacco use by providing advice to patients regarding smoking cessation. Very few studies have collected information on tobacco use and cessation counseling training among health professional students. The purpose of this paper is to examine these issues using data from the 2005 Lebanon Global Health Professions Student Survey GHPSS]. The 2005 Lebanon GHPSS includes nationally representative estimates of third-year students in ail dental, medical, nursing, and pharmacy schools in Lebanon. Current cigarette use ranged from 14.8% for pharmacy students to 26.9% for nursing students and 27.4% for medical students. Current waterpipe use ranged from 20.6% for medical students to 44.9% for nursing students. About 8 in 10 students in all four disciplines were exposed to second-hand smoke in public places. More than 8 in 10 students in medical, nursing, and pharmacy schools believed that health professionals have a role in giving advice or information on smoking cessation to patients. More than 9 in 10 students in all four disciplines believed that health professionals should receive training on smoking cessation techniques. However, those who received training ranged from 19.8% of pharmacy students to 43.7% of nursing students. Tobacco use cigarettes and water-pipe] is high among third-year health professional students in Lebanon. Students are willing to provide smoking-cessation counseling but lack training. The Ministry of Public Health, the Ministry of Education, and educational institutions in Lebanon should work together with other interested partners in developing, testing, and implementing successful patient cessation counseling training programs for health professionals
Descriptors
Humans, Male, Female, ABO Blood-Group System - 45 YEARS, Tobacco Use Cessation, Tobacco Use Disorder, Health Surveys, Smoking, Counseling, Students, Dental, Students, Pharmacy, Students, Medical, Students, Nursing
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-114277
Book Title
Database
GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Saade,Georges, Warren,Charles W., Jones,Nathan R., Mokdad,Ali
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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