WTS database | WHO FCTC

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Effectiveness of a web-based, computer-tailored, pedometer-based physical activity intervention for adults: a cluster randomized controlled trial	2015	Physical Activity, Fitness and Health, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium. sofie.compernolle@ugent.be.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 9-Feb Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page e38 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151028; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02080585; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC4342625; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/03/16 [received]; 2014/11/06 [accepted]; 2014/09/18 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 25665498 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.3402 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25665498 Abstract BACKGROUND: Computer-tailored physical activity (PA) interventions delivered through the Internet represent a promising and appealing method to promote PA at a population level. However, personalized advice is mostly provided based on subjectively measured PA, which is not very accurate and might result in the delivery of advice that is not credible or effective. Therefore, an innovative computer-tailored PA advice was developed, based on objectively pedometer-measured PA. OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-tailored, pedometer-based PA intervention in working adults. METHODS: Participants (>/=18 years) were recruited between May and December 2012 from eight Flemish workplaces. These workplaces were allocated randomly to an intervention or control group. Intervention group participants (n=137) received (1) a booklet with information on how to increase their steps, (2) a non-blinded pedometer, and (3) an Internet link to request computer-tailored step advice. Control group participants (n=137) did not receive any of the intervention components. Self-reported and pedometer-based PA were assessed at baseline (T0), and 1 month (T1) and 3 months (T2) months post baseline. Repeated measures analyses of covariance were used to examine intervention effects for both the total sample and the at-risk sample (ie, adults not reaching 10,000 steps a day at baseline). RESULTS: The recruitment process resulted in 274 respondents (response rate of 15.1%) who agreed to participate, of whom 190 (69.3%) belonged to the at-risk sample. Between T0 and T1 (1-month post baseline), significant intervention effects were found for participants' daily step counts in both the total sample (P=.004) and the at-risk sample (P=.001). In the at-risk sample, the intervention effects showed a daily step count increase of 1056 steps in the intervention group, compared to a decrease of 258 steps in the control group. Comparison of participants' self-reported PA revealed a significant intervention effect for time spent walking in the at-risk sample (P=.02). Intervention effects were still significant 3 months post baseline for participants' daily step counts in both the total sample (P=.03) and the at-risk sample (P=.02); however, self-reported PA differences were no longer significant. CONCLUSIONS: A computer-tailored, pedometer-based PA intervention was effective in increasing both pedometer-based and self-reported PA levels, mainly in the at-risk participants. However, more effort should be devoted to recruit and retain participants in order to improve the public health impact of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02080585; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02080585 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6VvQnRQSy). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Compernolle,S., Vandelanotte,C., Cardon,G., De Bourdeaudhuij,I., De Cocker,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150209 PMCID PMC4342625 Editors
Effectiveness of an intervention program on knowledge of oral cancer among the youth of Jazan, Saudi Arabia	2014	Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan U niversity, Jazan, Saudi Arabia E-mail : faeq_ali@yahoo.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP Periodical, Abbrev. Asian Pac.J.Cancer.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 15 Issue 5 Start Page 1913 Other Pages 1918 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101130625; ppublish Place of Publication Thailand ISSN/ISBN 1513-7368; 1513-7368 Accession Number PMID: 24716911 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24716911 Abstract BACKGROUND: The study is the first of its kind to be conducted in Saudi Arabia (KSA), aiming to analyze the effectiveness of an intervention program in improving the knowledge of oral cancer among the youth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,051 young Saudis (57% males and 43% females with a mean age of 20.4 +/- 1.98) were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Knowledge assessment was accomplished using a closed-ended questionnaire which was subjected to reliability tests. Prevalence of risk factors in relation to gender was analyzed using the chi-squared test. Effectiveness was calculated by comparing the pre- and post-intervention means, using the two-tailed paired t-test. Multiple logistic regression was employed in order to determine factors associated with awareness of risk habits, signs/symptoms and prevention of oral cancer. The significance level in this study was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Females were seen to be more into the habit of sheesha smoking (3.3% rather than the use of other forms of risk factors. Prevalence of diverse risk factors such as cigarette smoking (20%), sheesha (15.3%), khat (27%) and shamma (9%) was seen among males. Gender and the use of modifiable risk factors among the study sample were significantly (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Quadri,M.F., Saleh,S.M., Alsanosy,R., Abdelwahab,S.I., Tobaigy,F.M., Maryoud,M., Al-Hebshi,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effectiveness of clean indoor air ordinances in controlling environmental tobacco smoke in restaurants	2004	Medical University of Ohio, Department of Public Health, Toledo, Ohio 43614-5803, USA. fakbar@meduohio.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archives of Environmental Health Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 59 Issue 12 Start Page 677 Other Pages 685 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0212627; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0003-9896; 0003-9896 Accession Number PMID: 16789477 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.1080/00039890409602953 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16789477 Abstract Clean indoor air (CIA) ordinances in Toledo, Ohio, and Bowling Green, Ohio, regulate smoking in restaurants to protect patrons and employees. Yet complete protection is questionable because the ordinances allow for smoking in certain dining sections. Two restaurants were studied in each city, one smoking and one nonsmoking. Levels of contaminants related to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)--determined by personal and area air monitoring-in the nonsmoking restaurants were comparable to levels in a control environment. However, levels of ETS-related contaminants in the smoking restaurants, including designated nonsmoking sections, were significantly higher than levels in the control environment. ETS-related contamination of the nonsmoking sections in the smoking restaurants is attributable to direct openings between the smoking and nonsmoking sections. Reasonable protection of employees and patrons against ETS-related contaminants requires strict enforcement of CIA ordinances. Full protection is achievable only with 100% smoke-free policies. Descriptors Air Pollutants/adverse effects/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Data Collection, Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Nicotine/toxicity, Ohio, Public Policy, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence, Smoking/adverse effects/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Akbar-Khanzadeh,F., Milz,S., Ames,A., Spino,S., Tex,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effectiveness of different Web-based interventions to prepare co-smokers of cigarettes and cannabis for double cessation: a three-arm randomized controlled trial	2014	Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. julia.becker@isgf.uzh.ch.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 5-Dec Volume 16 Issue 12 Start Page e273 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151028; ISRCTN/ISRCTN56326375; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC4275498; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/01/13 [received]; 2014/10/25 [accepted]; 2014/09/30 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 25486674 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.3246 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25486674 Abstract BACKGROUND: The relationship between tobacco and cannabis use is strong. When co-smokers try to quit only one substance, this relationship often leads to a substitution effect, that is, the increased use of the remaining substance. Stopping the use of both substances simultaneously is therefore a reasonable strategy, but co-smokers rarely report feeling ready for simultaneous cessation. Thus, the question of how co-smokers can be motivated to attempt a simultaneous cessation has arisen. To reach as many co-smokers as possible, we developed brief Web-based interventions aimed at enhancing the readiness to simultaneously quit tobacco and cannabis use. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyze the efficacy of three different Web-based interventions designed to enhance co-smokers' readiness to stop tobacco and cannabis use simultaneously. METHODS: Within a randomized trial, three brief Web-based and fully automated interventions were compared. The first intervention combined the assessment of cigarette dependence and problematic cannabis use with personalized, normative feedback. The second intervention was based on principles of motivational interviewing. As an active psychoeducational control group, the third intervention merely provided information on tobacco, cannabis, and the co-use of the two substances. The readiness to quit tobacco and cannabis simultaneously was measured before and after the intervention (both online) and 8 weeks later (online or over the phone). Secondary outcomes included the frequency of cigarette and cannabis use, as measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 2467 website users were assessed for eligibility based on their self-reported tobacco and cannabis co-use, and 325 participants were ultimately randomized and analyzed. For the post-intervention assessment, generalized estimating equations revealed a significant increase in the readiness to quit tobacco and cannabis in the total sample (B=.33, 95% CI 0.10-0.56, P=.006). However, this effect was not significant for the comparison between baseline and the 8-week follow-up assessment (P=.69). Furthermore, no differential effects between the interventions were found, nor were any significant intervention or time effects found on the frequency of tobacco or cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS: In the new field of dual interventions for co-smokers of tobacco and cannabis, Web-based interventions can increase the short-term readiness to quit tobacco and cannabis simultaneously. The studied personalized techniques were no more effective than was psychoeducation. The analyzed brief interventions did not change the secondary outcomes, that is the frequency of tobacco and cannabis use. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 56326375; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN56326375 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6UUWBh8u0). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Becker,J., Haug,S., Sullivan,R., Schaub,M.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141205 PMCID PMC4275498 Editors
Effectiveness of Ebola treatment units and community care centers - Liberia, September 23-October 31, 2014	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 30-Jan Volume 64 Issue 3 Start Page 67 Other Pages 69 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 25632955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm6403a6 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25632955 Abstract Previous reports have shown that an Ebola outbreak can be slowed, and eventually stopped, by placing Ebola patients into settings where there is reduced risk for onward Ebola transmission, such as Ebola treatment units (ETUs) and community care centers (CCCs) or equivalent community settings that encourage changes in human behaviors to reduce transmission risk, such as making burials safe and reducing contact with Ebola patients. Using cumulative case count data from Liberia up to August 28, 2014, the EbolaResponse model previously estimated that without any additional interventions or further changes in human behavior, there would have been approximately 23,000 reported Ebola cases by October 31, 2014. In actuality, there were 6,525 reported cases by that date. To estimate the effectiveness of ETUs and CCCs or equivalent community settings in preventing greater Ebola transmission, CDC applied the EbolaResponse model to the period September 23-October 31, 2014, in Liberia. The results showed that admitting Ebola patients to ETUs alone prevented an estimated 2,244 Ebola cases. Having patients receive care in CCCs or equivalent community settings with a reduced risk for Ebola transmission prevented an estimated 4,487 cases. Having patients receive care in either ETUs or CCCs or in equivalent community settings, prevented an estimated 9,100 cases, apparently as the result of a synergistic effect in which the impact of the combined interventions was greater than the sum of the two interventions. Caring for patients in ETUs, CCCs, or in equivalent community settings with reduced risk for transmission can be important components of a successful public health response to an Ebola epidemic. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Washington,M.L., Meltzer,M.L., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effectiveness of health warnings for waterpipe tobacco smoking among college students	2016	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.; Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, and Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 61 Issue 6 Start Page 709 Other Pages 715 Notes LR: 20160821; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101304551; NIHMS768712; OID: NLM: NIHMS768712 [Available on 07/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4992403 [Available on 07/01/17]; OTO: NOTNLM; PMCR: 2017/07/01 00:00; 2015/06/29 [received]; 2016/02/25 Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1661-8564; 1661-8556 Accession Number PMID: 26971508 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/s00038-016-0805-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26971508 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Youth have the misperception that waterpipe smoking is less harmful than cigarettes despite the evidence that it is associated with nicotine dependence and many of the diseases caused by cigarettes. There is a pressing need to identify effective health warnings that increase awareness about the harmful effects of waterpipe smoking. Our objective was to test the effectiveness of various health warning messages and their location on waterpipe devices. METHODS: Adult waterpipe smokers from a large US university (N = 367) completed an internet-based survey that tested the effect of text-only and pictorial health warning labels and their location on different parts of waterpipe smoking devices. RESULTS: Text-only messages and pictorial labels warning about harm to children were the most effective in motivating waterpipe smokers to think about quitting. In terms of warning label location, the base, mouthpiece and stem are all equally noticeable locations. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to test waterpipe-specific warning labels and location on the waterpipe device. Placing waterpipe-specific labels on waterpipe devices may be an effective policy tool to curb waterpipe smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Islam,F., Salloum,R.G., Nakkash,R., Maziak,W., Thrasher,J.F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160314 PMCID PMC4992403 Editors
Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	2015	School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel. rosenl@post.tau.ac.il.; School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel. v	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form 18-Dec Volume 12 Issue 12 Start Page 16043 Other Pages 16059 Notes LR: 20160107; JID: 101238455; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC4690974; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/10/18 [received]; 2015/12/03 [revised]; 2015/12/09 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 26694440 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph121215038 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26694440 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Smoke-free homes can help protect children from tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify effects of interventions on changes in tobacco smoke pollution in the home, as measured by air nicotine and particulate matter (PM). METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase. We included controlled trials of interventions which aimed to help parents protect children from tobacco smoke exposure. Two reviewers identified relevant studies, and three reviewers extracted data. RESULTS: Seven studies were identified. Interventions improved tobacco smoke air pollution in homes as assessed by nicotine or PM. (6 studies, N = 681, p = 0.02). Analyses of air nicotine and PM separately also showed some benefit (Air nicotine: 4 studies, N = 421, p = 0.08; PM: 3 studies, N = 340, p = 0.02). Despite improvements, tobacco smoke pollution was present in homes in all studies at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions designed to protect children from tobacco smoke are effective in reducing tobacco smoke pollution (as assessed by air nicotine or PM) in homes, but contamination remains. The persistence of significant pollution levels in homes after individual level intervention may signal the need for other population and regulatory measures to help reduce and eliminate childhood tobacco smoke exposure. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rosen,L.J., Myers,V., Winickoff,J.P., Kott,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151218 PMCID PMC4690974 Editors
Effectiveness of lifestyle change plus dental care (LCDC) program on improving glycemic and periodontal status in the elderly with type 2 diabetes	2014	Health center 54, Bangkok, Thailand. saruta79@gmail.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC oral health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Oral Health. Pub Date Free Form 16-Jun Volume 14 Issue Start Page 72 Other Pages 6831-14-72 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101088684; 0 (Blood Glucose); 0 (Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated); OID: NLM: PMC4069273; 2014/02/27 [received]; 2014/06/09 [accepted]; 2014/06/16 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1472-6831; 1472-6831 Accession Number PMID: 24934646 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI 10.1186/1472-6831-14-72 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24934646 Abstract BACKGROUND: Currently, there is an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus among the elderly. To minimize adverse effects on glycemic control, prevention and management of general and oral complications in diabetic patients is essential. The purpose of the present study is to assess the effectiveness of a Lifestyle Change plus Dental Care (LCDC) program to improve glycemic and periodontal status in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Health Centers 54 (intervention) and 59 (control) from October 2013 to January 2014. 66 diabetic patients per health center were included. At baseline, the intervention group attended a 20 minute lifestyle and oral health education program, individual lifestyle counseling using motivational interviewing (MI), application of self regulation manual, and individual oral hygiene instruction. The intervention group received booster education every visit by viewing a 15 minute educational video. The control group received a routine program. Participants were assessed at baseline and 3 month follow up for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), periodontal status, knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health and diabetes mellitus. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: After the 3 month follow up, a multiple linear regression analysis showed that the intervention group was significantly negatively correlated in both glycemic and periodontal status. Participants in the intervention group had significantly lower glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), plaque index score, gingival index score, pocket depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), and percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) when compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of lifestyle change and dental care in one program improved both glycemic and periodontal status in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.in.th: TCTR20140602001. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Saengtipbovorn,S., Taneepanichskul,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140616 PMCID PMC4069273 Editors
Effectiveness of text versus pictorial health warning labels and predictors of support for plain packaging of tobacco products within the European Union	2015	Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass., USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European addiction research Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.Addict.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 47 Other Pages 52 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9502920; 2014/04/07 [received]; 2014/07/17 [accepted]; 2014/11/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1421-9891; 1022-6877 Accession Number PMID: 25402440 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1159/000366019 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25402440 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco product warning labels are a key health communication medium with plain packaging noted as the next step in the evolution of tobacco packaging. We assessed the self-reported impact of text versus pictorial health warnings and the determinants of support for plain packaging of tobacco products in the European Union (EU). METHODS: The Special Eurobarometer 385 survey was analyzed for 26,566 adults from 27 EU countries in 2012. The self-reported impact of warning labels (text or pictorial) and determinants of EU-wide support for plain packaging were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Current smokers in countries where cigarette pictorial warnings were implemented had higher odds of reporting that health warning labels had any effect on their smoking behavior (making a quit attempt or reducing number of cigarettes smoked per day) compared to respondents in countries with text-only warning labels (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.10-1.56). Population support for plain packaging of tobacco packs was higher in countries where cigarette pictorial warnings already existed (aOR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07-1.28). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the implementation of pictorial warnings at an EU level may have a positive behavioral impact among smokers and pave the way for population support for plain packaging in the EU. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Agaku,I.T., Filippidis,F.T., Vardavas,C.I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141111 PMCID Editors
Effectiveness of the European Union text-only cigarette health warnings: findings from four countries	2012	Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. schitchm@uwaterloo.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European journal of public health Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 22 Issue 5 Start Page 693 Other Pages 699 Notes LR: 20150203; GR: 79551/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; GR: C312/A6465/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; GR: P50 CA111236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA100362/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9204966; OID: NLM: PMC3457002; 2011 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1464-360X; 1101-1262 Accession Number PMID: 21920847 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI ckr099 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21920847 Abstract BACKGROUND: The European Commission requires tobacco products sold in the European Union to display standardized text health warnings. This article examines the effectiveness of the text health warnings among daily cigarette smokers in four Member States. METHODS: Data were drawn from nationally representative samples of smokers from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project surveys in France (2007), Germany (2007), the Netherlands (2008) and the UK (2006). We examined: (i) smokers' ratings of the health warnings on warning salience, thoughts of harm and quitting and forgoing of cigarettes; (ii) impact of the warnings using a Labels Impact Index (LII), with higher scores signifying greater impact; and (iii) differences on the LII by demographic characteristics and smoking behaviour. RESULTS: Scores on the LII differed significantly across countries. Scores were highest in France, lower in the UK, and lowest in Germany and the Netherlands. Across all countries, scores were significantly higher among low-income smokers, smokers who had made a quit attempt in the past year and smokers who smoked fewer cigarettes per day. CONCLUSION: The impact of the health warnings varies greatly across countries. Impact tended to be highest in countries with more comprehensive tobacco control programmes. Because the impact of the warnings was highest among smokers with the lowest socioeconomic status (SES), this research suggests that health warnings could be more effective among smokers from lower SES groups. Differences in warning label impact by SES should be further investigated. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hitchman,S.C., Mons,U., Nagelhout,G.E., Guignard,R., Mcneill,A., Willemsen,M.C., Driezen,P., Wilquin,J.L., Beck,F., Du-Roscoat,E., Potschke-Langer,M., Hammond,D., Fong,G.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110915 PMCID PMC3457002 Editors

E-mail