WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink Sort descending
Hookah smoking, nass chewing, and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Kashmir, India	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Br J Cancer Periodical, Abbrev. Br.J.Cancer Pub Date Free Form Volume 107 Issue 9 Start Page 1618 Other Pages 23 Notes ID: 23033008 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Although cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), there is little information about the association between other smoking and smokeless tobacco products, including hookah and nass, and ESCC risk. We conducted a case-control study in Kashmir Valley, India, where hookah smoking, nass chewing, and ESCC are common, to investigate the association of hookah smoking, nass use, and several other habits with ESCC. METHODS: We recruited 702 histologically confirmed ESCC cases and 1663 hospital-based controls, individually matched to the cases for age, sex, and district of residence from September 2008 to January 2012. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS: Ever-hookah smoking (OR=1.85; 95% CI, 1.41-2.44) and nass chewing (OR=2.88; 95% CI, 2.06-4.04) were associated with ESCC risk. These associations were consistent across different measures of use, including intensity, duration, and cumulative amount of use, and after excluding ever users of the other product and cigarette smokers. Our results also suggest an increased risk of ESCC associated with ever-gutka chewing and -bidi smoking. However, the latter associations were based on small number of participants. CONCLUSION: This study shows that hookah and nass use are associated with ESCC risk. As prevalence of hookah use seems to be increasing among young people worldwide, these results may have relevance not only for the regions in which hookah use has been a traditional habit, but also for other regions, including western countries. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Dar,N A., Bhat,G A., Shah,I A., Iqbal,B., Makhdoomi,M A., Kakhdoomi,M A., Nisar,I., Rafiq,R., Iqbal,S T., Bhat,A B., Nabi,S., Shah,S A., Shafi,R., Masood,A., Lone,M M., Zargar,S A., Najar,M S., Islami,F., Boffetta,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The detrimental danger of Water-Pipe (Hookah) transcends the hazardous consequences of general health to the driving behavior	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Transl Med Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 10 Issue Start Page 126 Other Pages 126 Notes ID: 22709610 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the consumption of tobacco used in Water-Pipe by drivers increases the risk of a motor vehicle collision as a consequence of hypoxia. DESIGN: Analytical case-control study. DATA SOURCES: Seventy exclusive Water-Pipe smokers (Experimental Group--EG)--mean age Â± SD: 29.47 Â± 10.45 years; mean number of weekly WPS, (6.9 Â± 3.7); mean duration of WPS (WPS) is (7.5 Â± 2.1 years)--and thirty non-smoker (Control Group--CG; mean age Â± SD: 36.33 Â± 13.92 years) were recruited during 2011 from two Arab villages located in the Galilee, northern Israel. METHODS: We performed a case-control study exclusively among Water-Pipe smokers with an appropriate non smokers control group. Demographic questionnaire, Pulse Oxymeter for blood oxygenation measure and a driver simulator for measuring various participants driving behaviors were utilized. Statistical analysis for analyzing the different variables, Pearson's x2 analysis for the comparison of categorical variables, continuous variable is compared using Student's t-test and for testing the correlation between the different variables and bivariate correlation analysis were applied. RESULTS: In the (EG) following WPS, we observed increase in the pulse rate--from 80 to 95 (t = 11.84, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Elias,Wafa, Assy,Nimer, Elias,Ibrahim, Toledo,Tomer, Yassin,Mustafa, Bowirrat,Abdalla Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
US health policy related to hookah tobacco smoking	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Am J Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 102 Issue 9 Start Page e47 Other Pages 51 Notes ID: 22827447 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVES: Although US cigarette smoking is decreasing, hookah tobacco smoking (HTS) is an emerging trend associated with substantial toxicant exposure. We assessed how a representative sample of US tobacco control policies may apply to HTS. METHODS: We examined municipal, county, and state legal texts applying to the 100 largest US cities. We developed a summary policy variable that distinguished among cities on the basis of how current tobacco control policies may apply to HTS and used multinomial logistic regression to determine associations between community-level sociodemographic variables and the policy outcome variable. RESULTS: Although 73 of the 100 largest US cities have laws that disallow cigarette smoking in bars, 69 of these cities have exemptions that allow HTS; 4 of the 69 have passed legislation specifically exempting HTS, and 65 may permit HTS via generic tobacco retail establishment exemptions. Cities in which HTS may be exempted had denser populations than cities without clean air legislation. CONCLUSIONS: Although three fourths of the largest US cities disallow cigarette smoking in bars, nearly 90% of these cities may permit HTS via exemptions. Closing this gap in clean air regulation may significantly reduce exposure to HTS. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3482044/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Primack,Brian A., Hopkins,Maggie, Hallett,Cynthia, Carroll,Mary V., Zeller,Mitchell, Dachille,Kathleen, Kim,Kevin H., Fine,Michael J., Donohue,Julie M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Dependence on tobacco and nicotine products: a case for product-specific assessment	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 14 Issue 11 Start Page 1382 Other Pages 90 Notes ID: 22459798 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The International Classification of Diseases and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for diagnosing tobacco/nicotine dependence emphasize the dependence-producing drug nicotine. These diagnostic tools have been challenged on grounds of poor predictive validity, and they do not differentiate across various forms of nicotine-containing products. In fact, nicotine-containing products (e.g., tobacco cigarettes, smokeless tobacco ST], waterpipe, electronic cigarettes ECIGs], and nicotine replacement NR] products) have very different characteristics both in terms of sensory and behavioral involvement and also in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects. For example, a cigarette and a nicotine patch are very different on almost every one of these dimensions. When ability to stop using a nicotine/tobacco product is used as a criterion for dependence, success rates vary considerably across products: Tobacco cigarette cessation is more difficult than ST cessation that in turn is more difficult than NR product cessation. Based on these results, we hypothesize that there is a continuum of dependence as much as there is a continuum of harm, with tobacco cigarettes and NR products on opposite ends of both continua and other products (waterpipe and ECIGs) somewhere in between. In order to capture more precisely the dependence produced by both nicotine and its administration forms, product-specific instruments may be required. The pros and cons of this approach are discussed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors FagerstrÃ¶m, Karl, Eissenberg,Thomas Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Bladder cancer, a review of the environmental risk factors	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environ Health Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 11 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page S11 Other Pages S11 Notes ID: 22759493 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Many epidemiological studies and reviews have been performed to identify the causes of bladder cancer. The aim of this review is to investigate the links between various environmental risk factors and cancer of the bladder. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Scholar Google and Russian Google databases to identify reviews and epidemiological studies on bladder cancer risk factors associated with the environment published between 1998 and 2010. Only literature discussing human studies was considered. RESULTS: Smoking, mainly cigarette smoking, is a well known risk factor for various diseases, including bladder cancer. Another factor strongly associated with bladder cancer is exposure to arsenic in drinking water at concentrations higher than 300 Âµg/l. The most notable risk factor for development of bladder cancer is occupational exposure to aromatic amines (2-naphthylamine, 4-aminobiphenyl and benzidine) and 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), which can be found in the products of the chemical, dye and rubber industries as well as in hair dyes, paints, fungicides, cigarette smoke, plastics, metals and motor vehicle exhaust. There are also data suggesting an effect from of other types of smoking besides cigarettes (cigar, pipe, Egyptian waterpipe, smokeless tobacco and environmental tobacco smoking), and other sources of arsenic exposure such as air, food, occupational hazards, and tobacco. Other studies show that hairdressers and barbers with occupational exposure to hair dyes experience enhanced risk of bladder cancer. For example, a study related to personal use of hair dyes demonstrates an elevated bladder cancer risk for people who used permanent hair dyes at least once a month, for one year or longer. CONCLUSION: Smoking, in particular from cigarettes, exposure to arsenic in drinking water, and occupational exposure to aromatic amines and 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) are well known risk factors for various diseases including bladder cancer. Although the number of chemicals related to occupational exposure is still growing, it is worth noting that it may take several years or decades between exposure and the subsequent cancer. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors LetasiovÃ¡, Silvia, Medve'ovÃ¡, Alzbeta, SovcÃkovÃ¡, Andrea, DusinskÃ¡, MÃ¡ria, VolkovovÃ¡, KatarÃna, Mosoiu,Claudia, BartonovÃ¡, Alena Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Opportunities for policy interventions to reduce youth hookah smoking in the United States	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Prev Chronic Dis Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue Start Page E165 Other Pages E165 Notes ID: 23153772 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Preventing youth smoking initiation is a priority for tobacco control programs, because most adult tobacco smokers become addicted during adolescence. Interventions that restrict the affordability, accessibility, and marketing of cigarettes have been effective in reducing youth cigarette smoking. However, increasing numbers of youth are smoking tobacco using hookahs. Predictors of smoking tobacco with hookahs are the same as those for smoking cigarettes. Established interventions that curb youth cigarette smoking should therefore be effective in reducing hookah use. Potential policy interventions include equalizing tobacco tax rates for all tobacco types, requiring warning labels on hookah tobacco and accurate labeling of product contents, extending the cigarette flavoring ban to hookah tobacco, enacting smoke-free air laws and removing exemptions for hookah lounges, and expanding shipping restrictions on tobacco products. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Morris,Daniel S., Fiala,Steven C., Pawlak,Rebecca Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cigar use misreporting among youth: data from the 2009 Youth Tobacco Survey, Virginia	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Prev Chronic Dis Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue Start Page E42 Other Pages E42 Notes ID: 22261252 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Researchers have suggested that adolescents' cigar use has increased beyond the rates being reported on tobacco use surveys. Differences in content knowledge and everyday colloquial expressions may be responsible for misreporting of cigar use. To determine whether cigar use is subject to systematic misreporting, we compared reports of general cigar use ("During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigars, little cigars, and cigarillos?") with reports of brand-specific use ("During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke Black & Milds?") among a statewide sample of adolescents in Virginia. METHODS: We examined data from 3,093 youth who completed the 2009 Virginia Youth Tobacco Survey to determine differences in the rate of misreported cigar use (ie, those who reported Black & Mild use but did not report cigar, little cigar, or cigarillo use) for youth with varying demographic profiles and conditions. RESULTS: More than one-half of Black & Mild users (57.3%) did not report general cigar use. Cigar use misreporting was most prevalent among older adolescents, blacks/African Americans, current users of cigarettes and hookah, and youth diagnosed with asthma. CONCLUSION: General cigar-use items on statewide surveys significantly underestimate the prevalence of youth cigar use. More comprehensive measures of cigar use may be beneficial in assessing tobacco use among groups most likely to misreport their tobacco use, such as African Americans and youth diagnosed with asthma. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3320093/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Nasim,Aashir, Blank,Melissa D., Berry,Brittany M., Eissenberg,Thomas Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe smoking: the role of humectants in the release of toxic carbonyls	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arch Toxicol Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 86 Issue 8 Start Page 1309 Other Pages 16 Notes ID: 22707202 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In recent years, the number of waterpipe smokers has increased substantially worldwide. Here, we present a study on the identification and quantification of seven carbonylic compounds including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein in the mainstream smoke of the waterpipe. Smoking was conducted with a smoking machine, and carbonyls were scavenged from the smoke with two impingers containing an acidic solution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The derivatives were then analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). For instance, during one waterpipe smoking session, up to 111 Â± 12 Âµg formaldehyde could be detected. This value is about 5 times higher when compared to one 2R4F reference cigarette. We also found a distinct filter effect of the bowl water for all carbonyls investigated. Our data further demonstrate that increasing amounts of humectants in the unburned tobacco lowers the temperature in the waterpipe head during smoking, thereby resulting in decreasing levels of carbonyls in the smoke produced. Altogether, considerable amounts of toxic carbonyls are present in the waterpipe smoke, thus conferring a health risk to waterpipe smokers. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0884-5 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Schubert,Jens, Heinke,Volkmar, Bewersdorff,Jana, Luch,Andreas, Schulz,Thomas G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco modalities used and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome: an observational report	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Postgrad Med J Periodical, Abbrev. Postgrad.Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 88 Issue 1044 Start Page 566 Other Pages 74 Notes ID: 22652700 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract AIM: The authors evaluated the prevalence and effect of the various tobacco use modalities among patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and compared them with non-tobacco and ex-tobacco users. METHODS: An analysis of the 2nd Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events conducted between October 2008 and June 2009 and which included 7930 consecutive patients hospitalised with ACS was made. Patients initially were divided into non-tobacco users, ex-tobacco users and current tobacco users. Subanalysis according to the tobacco modality used was subsequently made: cigarette, waterpipe or smokeless tobacco users. RESULTS: Overall, 2834 (36%) patients were current tobacco users, 306 (3.9%) patients were waterpipe smokers and 240 patients (3%) were oral tobacco users. When compared with non-tobacco and ex-tobacco users, overall current tobacco users were younger, more likely to be male subjects and less likely to have diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Mortality rate (p=0.001) and overall cardiovascular events (p=0.001) were lower among current tobacco users when compared with the other two groups. After adjustment for baseline variables, tobacco use was not an independent predictor of adverse events. Subset analysis demonstrates oral tobacco users and waterpipe smokers were older and more likely to be women when compared with cigarette smokers. Among the various tobacco groups, inhospital mortality rates were significantly higher among the waterpipe smokers when compared with the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of ACS patients depend on the tobacco modality used. Further studies are required to evaluate the impact of emerging tobacco use modalities on patients with coronary artery disease. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2011-130178 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al Suwaidi, Jassim, Al Habib, Khalid, Singh,Rajvir, Hersi,Ahmad, Al Nemer, Khalid, Asaad,Nidal, Al Saif, Shukri, Al-Motarreb, Ahmed, Almahmeed,Wael, Sulaiman,Kadhim, Amin,Haitham, Al-Lawati, Jawad, Al Bustani, Nizar, Al-Sagheer, Norah, Ali,Waleed M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Multiple patients with carbon monoxide toxicity from water-pipe smoking	2012	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Prehosp Disaster Med Periodical, Abbrev. Prehosp.Disaster Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 27 Issue 6 Start Page 612 Other Pages 4 Notes ID: 23174041 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This case report describes carbon monoxide toxicity from prolonged shisha (water-pipe) smoking. The evidence base for the source and pathway of toxicity is discussed. This practice has been increasing in the UK in recent years, and emergency physicians need to be aware of the high levels of CO, with the consequent risk of clinical poisoning from water-pipe smoking. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X12001227 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Clarke,Simon F.J., Stephens,Caroline, Farhan,Maisse, Ward,Patricia, Keshishian,Catherine, Murray,Virginia, Zenner,Dominik Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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