WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Trends in species distribution and susceptibility of bloodstream isolates of Candida collected in Monterrey, Mexico, to seven antifungal agents: results of a 3-year (2004 to 2007) surveillance study	2008	Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, NL, Mexico. gmglez@yahoo.com.mx	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 46 Issue 9 Start Page 2902 Other Pages 2905 Notes LR: 20141120; JID: 7505564; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (ER 30346); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Thiazoles); 0 (Triazoles); 304NUG5GF4 (Itraconazole); 6TK1G07BHZ (posaconazole); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); F0XDI6ZL63 (cas Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-660X; 0095-1137 Accession Number PMID: 18632907 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1128/JCM.00937-08 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18632907 Abstract During a 3-year surveillance program (2004 to 2007) in Monterrey, Mexico, 398 isolates of Candida spp. were collected from five hospitals. We established the species distribution and in vitro susceptibilities of these isolates. The species included 127 Candida albicans strains, 151 C. parapsilosis strains, 59 C. tropicalis strains, 32 C. glabrata strains, 11 C. krusei strains, 5 C. guilliermondii strains, 4 C. famata strains, 2 C. utilis strains, 2 C. zeylanoides strains, 2 C. rugosa strains, 2 C. lusitaniae strains, and 1 C. boidinii strain. The species distribution differed with the age of the patients. The proportion of candidemias caused by C. parapsilosis was higher among infants 45 years old). MICs were calculated following the criteria of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute reference broth macrodilution method. Overall, C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis isolates were susceptible to fluconazole and amphotericin B. However, 31.3% of C. glabrata isolates were resistant to fluconazole (MIC >or= 64 microg/ml), 43.3% were resistant to itraconazole (MIC >or= 1 microg/ml), and 12.5% displayed resistance to amphotericin B (MIC >or= 2 microg/ml). Newer triazoles, namely, voriconazole, posaconazole, and ravuconazole, had a notable in vitro activity against all Candida species tested. Also, caspofungin was active against Candida sp. isolates (MIC(90) <or= 0.5 microg/ml) except C. parapsilosis (MIC(90) = 2 microg/ml). It is imperative to promote a national-level surveillance program to monitor this important microorganism. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amphotericin B/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Candida/drug effects, Candida albicans/drug effects, Candida glabrata/drug effects, Candida tropicalis/drug effects, Candidiasis/drug therapy/microbiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Echinocandins/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Female, Fluconazole/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Itraconazole/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Male, Mexico, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Pyrimidines/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Thiazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Triazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Voriconazole, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gonzalez,G. M., Elizondo,M., Ayala,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080716 PMCID PMC2546732 Editors
Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening studies of checkpoint kinase 1 inhibitors	2009	State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Periodical, Abbrev. Chem.Pharm.Bull.(Tokyo) Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 57 Issue 7 Start Page 704 Other Pages 709 Notes LR: 20111102; JID: 0377775; 0 (Enzyme Inhibitors); EC 2.7.- (Protein Kinases); EC 2.7.11.1 (Checkpoint kinase 1); ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 0009-2363; 0009-2363 Accession Number PMID: 19571415 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI JST.JSTAGE/cpb/57.704 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19571415 Abstract In this study, chemical feature-based 3-dimensional (3D) pharmacophore models of Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitors were developed based on the known inhibitors of Chk1. The best pharmacophore model Hypo1 was characterized by the best correlation coefficient (0.9577), and the lowest root mean square deviation (0.8871). Hypo1 consists of one hydrogen-bond acceptor, one hydrogen-bond donor, and two hydrophobic features, as well as one excluded volume. This pharmacophore model was further validated by both test set and cross validation methods. A comparison analysis of Hypo1 with chemical features in the active site of Chk1 indicates that the pharmacophore model Hypo1 can correctly reflect the interactions between Chk1 and its ligands. Then Hypo1 was used to screen chemical databases, including Specs and Chinese Nature Product Database (CNPD) for potential lead compounds. The hit compounds were subsequently subjected to filtering by Lipinski's rule of five and docking study to refine the retrieved hits. Finally some of the most potent (estimated) compounds were selected from the final refined hits and suggested for further experimental investigation. Descriptors Catalytic Domain, Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques, Computer Simulation, Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry/pharmacology, Models, Chemical, Models, Molecular, Protein Kinases/chemistry/metabolism, Structure-Activity Relationship Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chen,J. J., Liu,T. L., Yang,L. J., Li,L. L., Wei,Y. Q., Yang,S. Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
High extraction efficiency for polar aromatic compounds in natural water samples using multiwalled carbon nanotubes/Nafion solid-phase microextraction coating	2009	Department of Chemistry and the Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 25-Dec Volume 1216 Issue 52 Start Page 9143 Other Pages 9148 Notes JID: 9318488; 0 (Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Nanotubes, Carbon); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2009/04/20 [received]; 2009/06/25 [revised]; 2009/07/14 [accepted]; 2009/07/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3778; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 19660762 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.07.025 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19660762 Abstract A novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/Nafion was developed and applied for the extraction of polar aromatic compounds (PACs) in natural water samples. The characteristics and the application of this fiber were investigated. Electron microscope photographs indicated that the MWCNTs/Nafion coating with average thickness of 12.5microm was homogeneous and porous. The MWCNTs/Nafion coated fiber exhibited higher extraction efficiency towards polar aromatic compounds compared to an 85microm commercial PA fiber. SPME experimental conditions, such as fiber coating, extraction time, stirring rate, desorption temperature and desorption time, were optimized in order to improve the extraction efficiency. The calibration curves were linear from 0.01 to 10microgmL(-1) for five PACs studied except p-nitroaniline (from 0.005 to 10microgmL(-1)) and m-cresol (from 0.001 to 10microgmL(-1)), and detection limits were within the range of 0.03-0.57ngmL(-1). Single fiber and fiber-to-fiber reproducibility were less than 7.5 (n=7) and 10.0% (n=5), respectively. The recovery of the PACs spiked in natural water samples at 1microgmL(-1) ranged from 83.3 to 106.0%. Descriptors Adsorption, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/chemistry, Limit of Detection, Nanotubes, Carbon/chemistry, Solid Phase Microextraction/instrumentation/methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chen,W., Zeng,J., Chen,J., Huang,X., Jiang,Y., Wang,Y., Chen,X. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090718 PMCID Editors
The characteristics of Barrett's esophagus: an analysis of 4120 cases in China	2009	Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus / I.S.D.E Periodical, Abbrev. Dis.Esophagus Pub Date Free Form Volume 22 Issue 4 Start Page 348 Other Pages 353 Notes LR: 20091029; JID: 8809160; EIN: Dis Esophagus. 2009;22(5):475. Hou, Kiao-Hua [corrected to Hou, Xiao-hua]; RF: 42; 2009/01/23 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Australia ISSN/ISBN 1442-2050; 1120-8694 Accession Number PMID: 19191861 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00924.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19191861 Abstract Our objective was to investigate the endoscopic and clinico-pathological characteristics in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) in China. Using the terms 'Barrett's esophagus' and 'Barrett's esophagus, China' as key words, literatures published in Chinese and English journals were searched in Chinese data banks, as well as PubMed and ISI Web of Science from 1989 to 2007. An analysis was carried out with the standard inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 4120 cases were included in this study. BE was found in 2.44% of patients undergoing endoscopy for various symptoms of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases; the male : female ratio was 2.09 : 1, the average age of detection of BE was 53.15 years old, and 51% of patients with BE had typical symptoms for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The island-type BE was predominant (56.80%), and the occurrence of BE with special intestinal metaplasia (SIM) was 36.58%, but SIM was more common in tongue-type BE than island-type and circumferential-type BE (both P < 0.001), as well as in long segment BE (LSBE) than in short segment BE (SSBE) (P < 0.001). A total of 46.39% of patients had Helicobacter pylori infection. The mean length of follow up was 2 years in 492 patients. The incidence of adenocarcinoma was 0.61% patient-years of total follow up. In China, the endoscopic prevalence of BE is lower, but the average age of diagnosis is younger; a high proportion of H. pylori infection is found in patients with BE, and about half of the patients have no typical symptoms of GERD; the tongue-type BE and the LSBE are apt to SIM. Descriptors Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology/pathology, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology/pathology, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology, China/epidemiology, Confidence Intervals, Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology/pathology, Esophagoscopy/methods, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Precancerous Conditions/pathology, Prevalence, Probability, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Sex Distribution, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chen,X., Zhu,L. R., Hou,X. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090123 PMCID Editors
Exposure to respirable suspended particles in smoking and non-smoking sections of pubs in southern Poland	2009	Zaklad Chemii Ogolnej i Nieorganicznej, Katedra Chemii Ogolnej i Analitycznej, Slaski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Katowice.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Przeglad lekarski Periodical, Abbrev. Przegl.Lek. Pub Date Free Form Volume 66 Issue 10 Start Page 628 Other Pages 631 Notes JID: 19840720R; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 0033-2240; 0033-2240 Accession Number PMID: 20301897 Language pol SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20301897 Abstract Particulate matter (PM), including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), is one of the main pollutant which it damages of human health seriously. Tobacco smoke is significant source of PM2.5 in indoor microenvironments. New bill of complete smoking ban in all public places in Poland is currently under consideration in polish parliament. Proposed maximum allowed concentration of PM2.5 for all non-smoking sections is 0.03 mg/m3. Concentrations of tobacco-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were monitored in thirteen pubs located in southern part of Poland during winter season. All examined pubs had two types of sections: smoking and non-smoking. PM2.5 concentrations were monitored during one hour in each section using DustTrak monitor (TSI Inc., USA). The Wilcoxon matched pair test was used to compare pollutant concentrations in smoking vs. non-smoking sections. Average 1-hour PM2.5 concentration in smoking sections was 1.25 +/- 1.85 mg/ m3 and varied from 0.18 do 7.21 mg/ m3. Average 1-hour PM2.5 concentration in non-smoking sections was 0.35 +/- 0.29 mg/m3 and varied from 0.056 to 1.01 mg/m3. The highest temporary PM2.5 concentration of 25.5 mg/m3 was found in a pub located in cellar storey were with volume of 60 m3, 13 smokers and no air-condition. There was little difference in PM2.5 levels between smoking and non-smoking section. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Maximum Allowable Concentration, Particulate Matter/analysis, Poland, Restaurants, Seasons, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cholewinski,M., Adamczyk,R., Czogala,J., Goniewicz,M. L., Zielinska-Danch,W., Sobczak,A., Slodczyk,E., Koszowski,B. Original/Translated Title Narazenie na pyl respirabilny w pubach poludniowej Polski z wydzielonymi miejscami dla palacych papierosy i niepalacych URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking cessation during alcohol treatment: a randomized trial of combination nicotine patch plus nicotine gum	2009	Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. ned.cooney@yale.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 104 Issue 9 Start Page 1588 Other Pages 1596 Notes LR: 20151119; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00064844; GR: P50 AA1563/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 AA011197/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 AA011197/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 AA011197-09/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9304118 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1360-0443; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 19549054 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02624.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19549054 Abstract AIMS: The primary aim was to compare the efficacy of smoking cessation treatment using a combination of active nicotine patch plus active nicotine gum versus therapy consisting of active nicotine patch plus placebo gum in a sample of alcohol-dependent tobacco smokers in an early phase of out-patient alcohol treatment. A secondary aim was to determine whether or not there were any carry-over effects of combination nicotine replacement on drinking outcomes. DESIGN: Small-scale randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial with 1-year smoking and drinking outcome assessment. SETTING: Two out-patient substance abuse clinics provided a treatment platform of behavioral alcohol and smoking treatment delivered in 3 months of weekly sessions followed by three monthly booster sessions. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 96 men and women with a diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence and smoking 15 or more cigarettes per day. INTERVENTION: All participants received open-label transdermal nicotine patches and were randomized to receive either 2 mg nicotine gum or placebo gum under double-blind conditions. FINDINGS: Analysis of 1-year follow-up data revealed that patients receiving nicotine patch plus active gum had better smoking outcomes than those receiving patch plus placebo gum on measures of time to smoking relapse and prolonged abstinence at 12 months. Alcohol outcomes were not significantly different across medication conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study were consistent with results of larger trials of smokers without alcohol problems, showing that combination therapy (nicotine patch plus gum) is more effective than monotherapy (nicotine patch) for smoking cessation. Descriptors Adult, Alcoholism/psychology/rehabilitation, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage, Patient Compliance, Placebos/administration & dosage, Secondary Prevention, Smoking/drug therapy/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Treatment Outcome Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cooney,N. L., Cooney,J. L., Perry,B. L., Carbone,M., Cohen,E. H., Steinberg,H. R., Pilkey,D. T., Sevarino,K., Oncken,C. A., Litt,M. D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090622 PMCID PMC2753831 Editors
Determination of organochlorine pesticides in water samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	2009	Labaqua S.A., C/Dracma 16-18, Pol. Ind. Las Atalayas, 03114 Alicante, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Analytica Chimica Acta Periodical, Abbrev. Anal.Chim.Acta Pub Date Free Form 7-Sep Volume 649 Issue 2 Start Page 218 Other Pages 221 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0370534; 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated); 0 (Pesticides); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2009/05/18 [received]; 2009/07/14 [revised]; 2009/07/15 [accepted]; 2009/07/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-4324; 0003-2670 Accession Number PMID: 19699397 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.aca.2009.07.041 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19699397 Abstract A rapid and simple dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been developed to preconcentrate eighteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from water samples prior to analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The studied variables were extraction solvent type and volume, disperser solvent type and volume, aqueous sample volume and temperature. The optimum experimental conditions of the proposed DLLME method were: a mixture of 10 microL tetrachloroethylene (extraction solvent) and 1 mL acetone (disperser solvent) exposed for 30 s to 10 mL of the aqueous sample at room temperature (20 degrees C). Centrifugation of cloudy solution was carried out at 2300 rpm for 3 min to allow phases separation. Finally, 2 microL of extractant was recovered and injected into the GC-MS instrument. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors ranged between 46 and 316. The calculated calibration curves gave a high-level linearity for all target analytes with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.9967 and 0.9999. The repeatability of the proposed method, expressed as relative standard deviation, varied between 5% and 15% (n=8), and the detection limits were in the range of 1-25 ng L(-1). The LOD values obtained are able to detect these OCPs in aqueous matrices as required by EPA methods 525.2 and 625. Analysis of spiked real water samples revealed that the matrix had no effect on extraction for river, surface and tap waters; however, urban wastewater sample shown a little effect for five out of eighteen analytes. Descriptors Fresh Water/analysis/chemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis/chemistry/isolation & purification, Pesticides/analysis/isolation & purification, Water/chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/chemistry/isolation & purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cortada,C., Vidal,L., Pastor,R., Santiago,N., Canals,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090721 PMCID Editors
Use of non-assigned smoking cessation programs among participants of a Web-based randomized controlled trial	2009	Oregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Blvd, Eugene, OR 97403, USA. briand@ori.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 25-Jun Volume 11 Issue 2 Start Page e26 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; GR: R01-CA79946/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC2762799; 2008/11/25 [received]; 2009/05/13 [accepted]; 2009/04/20 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 19632976 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.1172 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19632976 Abstract BACKGROUND: Concurrent with their enrollment in Web-based Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), participants can easily choose to use treatment programs that are not assigned in the study. The prevalence of using non-assigned treatments is largely unknown although it is likely to be related to the extent to which non-assigned treatments are: (a) easy to find and use, (b) low in cost, (c) well publicized, and (d) available from trusted sources. The impact of using other programs--both beneficial and detrimental--warrants additional research investigation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this report is to explore the extent to which participants enrolled in a Web-based intervention for smoking cessation used treatment methods that were not explicitly assigned ("non-assigned treatment"). In addition to describing the relation between using non-assigned treatments and smoking cessation outcomes, we also explore the broader issue of non-assigned program use by RCT participants in Web-based behavioral interventions, generally. METHODS: We describe the use of other programs (as measured by self-report at the 3-month follow-up assessment) by 1028 participants who were randomized to the Web-based SHIP (Smokers' Health Improvement Program) RCT which compared the Quit Smoking Network (QSN) treatment program and the Active Lives control condition. We examine the extent to which pharmacotherapy products were used by participants in the QSN condition (which explicitly recommended their use) and the Active Lives condition (which purposefully omitted mention of the use of pharmacotherapy). We also test for any between-condition impact of using non-assigned treatments and pharmacotherapy products on smoking cessation outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 24.1% (248/1028) participants reported using one or more smoking cessation treatment programs that were not explicitly recommended or assigned in their treatment protocol. Types of non-assigned treatments used in this manner included individual counseling (1.7%), group counseling (2.3%), hypnotherapy/acupuncture (4.5%), pamphlets/books (12.6%), and other Web-based smoking cessation programs (9.0%). Participants who used non-assigned treatments were more likely to be female and have at least a high school education. Use of non-assigned Web programs was related to greater levels of self-reported smoking cessation measured at the 3-month assessment (OR = 2.63, CI = 1.67 - 4.14, P < .001) as well as the combined 3- and 6-month assessments (OR = 2.09, CI = 1.11 - 3.91, P = .022). In terms of reported medication use, there were no differences between conditions in the number of pharmacotherapy products used. However, more participants in the QSN condition used at least one pharmacotherapy product: 50.0% (262/524) vs 43.8% (221/504); chi(2)(1, N = 1028) = 3.90, P = .048. The use of pharmacotherapy and non-assigned treatment types showed a small but marginally significant correlation: r(1028) = .061, P = .05. CONCLUSIONS: A noteworthy proportion of individuals recruited via the Internet to participate in a Web-based intervention used treatment programs and tools not formally assigned as a part of their research protocol. We consider factors likely to influence using non-assigned treatments and suggest ways that future research can begin to study more fully this important phenomenon which is likely to be found in any type of research, but may be particularly pronounced in minimal contact, Web-based intervention trials. Descriptors Attitude to Health, Behavior Therapy, Counseling, Female, Humans, Internet, Male, Patient Selection, Psychotherapy, Group, Smoking/psychology/therapy, Smoking Cessation/methods, Software, Surveys and Questionnaires, Therapy, Computer-Assisted/methods, User-Computer Interface Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Danaher,B. G., Lichtenstein,E., McKay,H. G., Seeley,J. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090625 PMCID PMC2762799 Editors
In vitro activity of seven systemically active antifungal agents against a large global collection of rare Candida species as determined by CLSI broth microdilution methods	2009	Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 47 Issue 10 Start Page 3170 Other Pages 3177 Notes LR: 20141207; JID: 7505564; 0 (Antifungal Agents); OID: NLM: PMC2756931; 2009/08/26 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-660X; 0095-1137 Accession Number PMID: 19710283 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1128/JCM.00942-09 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19710283 Abstract Five Candida species (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei) account for over 95% of invasive candidiasis cases. Some less common Candida species have emerged as causes of nosocomial candidiasis, but there is little information about their in vitro susceptibilities to antifungals. We determined the in vitro activities of fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin against invasive, unique patient isolates of Candida collected from 100 centers worldwide between January 2001 and December 2007. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by the CLSI M27-A3 method. CLSI breakpoints for susceptibility were used for fluconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin, while a provisional susceptibility breakpoint of < or = 1 microg/ml was used for amphotericin and posaconazole. Of 14,007 Candida isolates tested, 658 (4.7%) were among the less common species. Against all 658 isolates combined, the activity of each agent, expressed as the MIC50/MIC90 ratio (and the percentage of susceptible isolates) was as follows: fluconazole, 1/4 (94.8%); voriconazole, 0.03/0.12 (98.6%); posaconazole, 0.12/0.5 (95.9%); amphotericin, 0.5/2 (88.3%); anidulafungin, 0.5/2 (97.4%); caspofungin, 0.12/0.5 (98.0%); and micafungin, 0.25/1 (99.2%). Among the isolates not susceptible to one or more of the echinocandins, most (68%) were C. guilliermondii. All isolates of the less common species within the C. parapsilosis complex (C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis) were susceptible to voriconazole, posaconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin. Over 95% of clinical isolates of the rare Candida species were susceptible to the available antifungals. However, activity did vary by drug-species combination, with some species (e.g., C. rugosa and C. guilliermondii) demonstrating reduced susceptibilities to commonly used agents such as fluconazole and echinocandins. Descriptors Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Candida/drug effects/isolation & purification, Candidiasis/microbiology, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Diekema,D. J., Messer,S. A., Boyken,L. B., Hollis,R. J., Kroeger,J., Tendolkar,S., Pfaller,M. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090826 PMCID PMC2756931 Editors
Prolonged exposure to denicotinized cigarettes with or without transdermal nicotine	2009	Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 3137 Sennott Square, 210 S. Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA. edonny@pitt.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Sep Volume 104 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 23 Other Pages 33 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: DA-019626/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DA019626/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DA019626-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); NIHMS1 Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 19446968 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.01.021 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19446968 Abstract Sensorimotor smoking stimuli are important determinants of cigarette use. The present study aimed to determine whether denicotinized cigarettes lose their reinforcing and/or subjective effects over a 9-day outpatient period when they are smoked with or without concurrent transdermal nicotine. After a preferred brand baseline, 68 participants were randomized into one of four conditions based on the dose (mg) of transdermal nicotine and the type of cigarettes (dose/cigarette): 0/nicotine, 0/denicotinized, 7/denicotinized, and 21/denicotinized. Under placebo patch conditions, participants smoked a similar number of nicotine and denicotinized cigarettes and no group differences emerged over repeated testing. The total volume of smoke inhaled was lower in the denicotinized group, although this decrease dissipated over time. Denicotinized cigarettes were rated as having low positive and high negative subjective effects. Compared to placebo, transdermal nicotine decreased the number of denicotinized cigarette smoked, produced a lasting decrease in the total volume of denicotinized cigarette smoke inhaled, but had little effect on the subjective effects of denicotinized cigarettes. Transdermal nicotine attenuated withdrawal during initial smoking abstinence; however, once participants were allowed to smoke withdrawal symptoms were relatively low regardless of patch condition. The persistent use of denicotinized cigarettes may result from the presence of nicotine withdrawal and/or the degree to which smoking becomes somewhat independent of the outcome of the behavior (i.e., habit learning). Additional studies would be useful to determine what factors drive continued use of denicotinized cigarettes, whether their use subsides as withdrawal dissipates, and whether they address motives for smoking distinct from current pharmacotherapy. Descriptors Administration, Cutaneous, Adolescent, Adult, Affect/drug effects, Aged, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Double-Blind Method, Extinction, Psychological/drug effects, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Patient Compliance, Reinforcement (Psychology), Self Administration, Smoking/adverse effects/psychology, Smoking Cessation, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Donny,E. C., Jones,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090515 PMCID PMC2726800 Editors

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