WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort ascending
Alternative tobacco product use and smoking cessation among homeless youth in los angeles county	2014	RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA; jtucker@rand.org.; RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA.; RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA;; RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 16 Issue 11 Start Page 1522 Other Pages 1526 Notes CI: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2014; JID: 9815751; 2014/08/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25145375 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu133 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25145375 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Approximately 70% of homeless youth smoke cigarettes, but their use of alternative tobacco products (ATPs) is unknown. This paper reports on ATP use among past-month smokers in Los Angeles County, including whether it differs by demographic characteristics, homelessness severity, past-year quit attempts, and readiness to quit smoking. Given the growing popularity of e-cigarettes, we also report on perceptions of harm and reasons for using this product. METHODS: We surveyed 292 unaccompanied homeless youth who were randomly sampled from street sites. Participants had smoked at least 100 cigarettes during their lifetime and 1 cigarette during the past month. RESULTS: Seventy-two percent of youth reported past-month ATP use (e-cigarettes = 51%; little cigars/cigarillos = 46%; hookah = 31%; other smokeless tobacco product = 24%; chewing tobacco/moist snuff = 19%). Current ATP use was unrelated to most demographic characteristics or having a past-year quit attempt. However, youth who planned to quit smoking in the next 30 days were significantly less likely to report current use of hookahs, other smokeless tobacco products, or e-cigarettes. Among lifetime e-cigarette users, the most common reasons for use included not having to go outside to smoke (38%) and being able to deal with situations or places where they cannot smoke (36%); it was less common to report using e-cigarettes to quit smoking (17%-18%). DISCUSSION: Dual use of ATPs among homeless youth smokers is common and is more likely among those who have no immediate plans to quit smoking. Effective and easily disseminable strategies for reducing all forms of tobacco use among homeless youth are urgently needed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US Data Source Authors Tucker,J.S., Shadel,W.G., Golinelli,D., Ewing,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140821 PMCID Editors
Waterpipe effects on pulmonary function and cardiovascular indices: a comparison to cigarette smoking in real life situation	2014	Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University , Beirut , Lebanon .	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Inhalation toxicology Periodical, Abbrev. Inhal.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 26 Issue 10 Start Page 620 Other Pages 627 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8910739; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1091-7691; 0895-8378 Accession Number PMID: 25144476 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3109/08958378.2014.945106 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25144476 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Smoking is known to have physiological effects on biological systems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate acute and chronic effects on pulmonary functions and cardiovascular indices of waterpipe (WP) smoking in real life circumstances. METHODS: Three groups were included in the study: non-smokers (N = 42), WP smokers (N = 42) and cigarette smokers (N = 48). A questionnaire was completed for each participant, in addition to pulmonary function [forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1), 6 s (FEV6), percentage of FEV1/FEV6], and cardiovascular [diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR)] measures, taken before and after smoking. RESULTS: Mean values of FEV1, FEV6, FEV1/FEV6, DBP and SBP in WP and cigarette smokers were very close. However, WP smoking significantly increased HR compared to cigarette smokers (p = 0.007); duration of smoking, age at first WP and quantity of smoking affected pulmonary function and cardiovascular values. In the subgroup of WP smokers, DBP was acutely increased by a larger WP size (p = 0.011), while the FEV6 was acutely increased by a smaller WP size (p = 0.045). CONCLUSION: WP smoking affected the cardiovascular system more than cigarette smoking, while it had similar effects on pulmonary function. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Layoun,N., Saleh,N., Barbour,B., Awada,S., Rachidi,S., Al-Hajje,A., Bawab,W., Waked,M., Salameh,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Central and peripheral cardiovascular changes immediately after waterpipe smoking	2014	Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences .	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Inhalation toxicology Periodical, Abbrev. Inhal.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 26 Issue 10 Start Page 579 Other Pages 587 Notes JID: 8910739; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1091-7691; 0895-8378 Accession Number PMID: 25144473 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.3109/08958378.2014.936572 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25144473 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco cigarette smoking is a global health problem that kills millions each year. Recently, tobacco smoking using a waterpipe (WP) has become popular worldwide. However, unlike cigarettes, the cardiovascular (CV) risks associated with WP smoking are uncertain. In this study, the immediate effects of WP smoking on central and peripheral CV indices were evaluated in 53 young healthy smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Strain-gauge plethysmography was used to measure forearm blood flow (Bf), vascular resistance (Vr), and venous capacitance (Vc) and outflow (Vf) at rest (R) and after occlusion (Oc), whereas heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standard automated auscultatory methods immediately before and after a 30-min WP smoking session. RESULTS: Smoking resulted in HR, diastolic BP, mean arterial BP, rate pressure product and OcVr increases (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Alomari,M.A., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Shqair,D.M., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Intentions to smoke cigarettes among never-smoking US middle and high school electronic cigarette users: National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2011-2013	2015	Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; rrb7@cdc.gov.; Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA;; Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Pre	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page 228 Other Pages 235 Notes LR: 20160202; CI: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2014; GR: CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; HHSPA709983; OID: NLM: HHSPA709983; OID: NLM: PMC4515756; 2014/08/20 [a Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25143298 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu166 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25143298 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is increasing rapidly, and the impact on youth is unknown. We assessed associations between e-cigarette use and smoking intentions among US youth who had never smoked conventional cigarettes. METHODS: We analyzed data from the nationally representative 2011, 2012, and 2013 National Youth Tobacco Surveys of students in grades 6-12. Youth reporting they would definitely not smoke in the next year or if offered a cigarette by a friend were defined as not having an intention to smoke; all others were classified as having positive intention to smoke conventional cigarettes. Demographics, pro-tobacco advertisement exposure, ever use of e-cigarettes, and ever use of other combustibles (cigars, hookah, bidis, kreteks, and pipes) and noncombustibles (chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, snus, and dissolvables) were included in multivariate analyses that assessed associations with smoking intentions among never-cigarette-smoking youth. RESULTS: Between 2011 and 2013, the number of never-smoking youth who used e-cigarettes increased 3-fold, from 79,000 to more than 263,000. Intention to smoke conventional cigarettes was 43.9% among ever e-cigarette users and 21.5% among never users. Ever e-cigarette users had higher adjusted odds for having smoking intentions than never users (adjusted odds ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-2.32). Those who ever used other combustibles, ever used noncombustibles, or reported pro-tobacco advertisement exposure also had increased odds for smoking intentions. CONCLUSION: In 2013, more than a quarter million never-smoking youth used e-cigarettes. E-cigarette use is associated with increased intentions to smoke cigarettes, and enhanced prevention efforts for youth are important for all forms of tobacco, including e-cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US Data Source Authors Bunnell,R.E., Agaku,I.T., Arrazola,R.A., Apelberg,B.J., Caraballo,R.S., Corey,C.G., Coleman,B.N., Dube,S.R., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140820 PMCID PMC4515756 Editors
Determinants of cigarette smoking initiation in Jordanian schoolchildren: longitudinal analysis	2015	Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL; kscot005@fiu.edu.; Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 17 Issue 5 Start Page 552 Other Pages 558 Notes LR: 20160501; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: R01 DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25143297 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu165 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25143297 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To identify determinants of cigarette smoking initiation, by gender, among schoolchildren in Irbid, Jordan. METHODS: Between 2008 and 2011, data were collected annually using self-reported questionnaires over 4-years in a prospective cohort of 1,781 students recruited from all 7th grade classes in 19 secondary schools, selected out of a total 60, using probability-proportionate-to-size method. Independent predictors of smoking initiation were identified among the cigarette naive participants (N = 1,454) with mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Participants were 12.6 years of age on average at baseline. 29.8% of the 1,454 students (37.2% of boys and 23.7% of girls) initiated cigarette smoking by 10th grade. Of those who initiated (n = 498), 47.2% of boys and 37.2% of girls initiated smoking in the 8th grade. Determinants of cigarette smoking initiation included ever smoking a waterpipe, low cigarette refusal self-efficacy, intention to start smoking cigarettes, and having friends who smoked. For girls, familial smoking was also predictive of cigarette initiation. CONCLUSION: This study shows that many Jordanian youth have an intention to initiate cigarette smoking and are susceptible to cigarette smoking modeled by peers and that girls are influenced as well by familial cigarette smoking. Prevention efforts should be tailored to address culturally relevant gender norms, help strengthen adolescents' self-efficacy to refuse cigarettes, and foster strong non-smoking social norms. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors McKelvey,K., Attonito,J., Madhivanan,P., Yi,Q., Mzayek,F., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140820 PMCID PMC4432393 Editors
Smoking restrictions in homes after implementation of a smoking ban in public places	2015	Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; sylvia.kairouz@concordia.ca.; Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Surveillance, Research, and Evaluation, Tobacco Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;; Lifesty	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 17 Issue 1 Start Page 41 Other Pages 47 Notes LR: 20160519; CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC4832964; 2014/08/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25140045 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu125 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25140045 Abstract INTRODUCTION: This Canadian study examines the prevalence of smoking restrictions in homes before and after the implementation of a public smoking ban, and their relation to tobacco use and cessation among a cohort of smokers. METHODS: Data were from a longitudinal cohort study of 1,058 smokers in the province of Quebec, Canada. Baseline data were collected through a population-based survey conducted 1 month before the implementation of the smoking ban with a representative sample of smokers. Follow-up data were collected 18 months after the ban with a response rate of 68%. Logistic regressions, paired t tests and chi-square statistics were used to examine the factors associated with smoking restrictions in homes, cigarette consumption, and quit attempts. RESULTS: Many smokers imposed partial or full smoking restrictions in their homes but proportions of smoke-free homes did not change significantly between baseline and follow-up. The presence of young children and nonsmokers significantly predicted full smoking restriction in the home. Knowledge about risks associated with exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and skepticism about the efficacy of methods to reduce exposure in the home also predicted maintenance of voluntary smoking restrictions in homes. The uptake of smoke-free homes was not associated with the quantity of cigarettes smoked or quit attempts. CONCLUSIONS: No significant change in home smoking bans was found 18 months after implementation of a public smoking ban. There remains a need for efforts to better inform smokers about health risks from exposure to SHS in homes and the reality that strategies other than a total smoking ban inside the home are ineffective. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Kairouz,S., Lasnier,B., Mihaylova,T., Montreuil,A., Cohen,J.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140818 PMCID PMC4832964 Editors
Use of a water pipe is not an alternative to other tobacco or substance use among adolescents: results from a national survey in Sweden	2015	Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm Health Care District, Stockholm, Sweden rosaria.galanti@ki.se.; Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Inst	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 17 Issue 1 Start Page 74 Other Pages 80 Notes LR: 20160519; CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4832967; 2014/08/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25140043 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu132 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25140043 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Studies of social characteristics and substance use patterns among young users of water pipe are rare in Western countries, and no such study has been conducted in Sweden. METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on a national survey conducted in 2011, including 4,710 primary school students (15 years of age) and 3,624 high school students (17 years of age). Prevalence of lifetime and current water pipe use was compared among subgroups defined by other substance use, that is, cigarettes, snus, alcohol, and illicit drugs. Logistic regression was employed to calculate odds ratios (OR) of water pipe use and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI), conditionally on sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS: Use of water pipe was associated with the use of other substances in both age groups. In particular, current use of water pipe at the age of 15 years was strongly associated with current cigarette smoking (OR = 6.46; CI = 5.13-8.14); use of snus (OR = 5.62; CI = 3.94-7.96); binge drinking (OR = 7.39; CI = 5.88-9.31); drunkenness (OR = 7.05; CI = 5.60-8.88); and recent use of illicit drugs (OR = 14.20; CI = 9.18-22.19). Annual alcohol consumption predicted water pipe use in a dose-response fashion. Cigarette smokers willing to quit used water pipe to a lower extent than smokers who did not intend to quit. Being an exclusive smoker of water pipe was associated with substance use when compared with a nonsmoker of tobacco, but not when compared with an exclusive smoker of cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Water pipe use among adolescents in Sweden is not a recreational tobacco use alternative to cigarettes and should be regarded as a marker of multiple substance use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Galanti,M.R., Al-Adhami,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140818 PMCID PMC4832967 Editors
Health care provider advice for adolescent tobacco use: results from the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey	2014	Carter Consulting, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia (contractor to Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia); Department of Behavioral Sciences	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 134 Issue 3 Start Page 446 Other Pages 455 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0376422; CIN: Pediatrics. 2014 Sep;134(3):600-1. PMID: 25136047; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 25136037 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 10.1542/peds.2014-0458 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25136037 Abstract BACKGROUND: Health care providers play an important role in promoting tobacco use abstinence among adolescents. This study aimed to provide nationally representative data on the prevalence of provider tobacco use screening and advice delivered to adolescents. Cessation behaviors and correlates of past year quit attempts among current smokers are also explored. METHODS: Data came from the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative school-based survey of adolescents in grades 6 through 12 (n = 18385). Provider screening and advice were assessed by smoking status and demographic characteristics. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between advice and past year quit attempt. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of current tobacco use was 16.6%; 10.8% were current cigarette smokers (3.6% were established smokers, 7.2% were nonestablished smokers); 17.3% were former smokers; and 71.9% were never smokers (22.6% high susceptibility, 77.4% low susceptibility). Among all respondents, the prevalence of being asked about tobacco use by a health care provider was 32.2%; the prevalence of being advised to quit or avoid tobacco was 31.4%. Established smokers were more likely than other groups to report provider assessment of tobacco use and advice. Receipt of advice was associated with a higher adjusted odds of having made a past year quit attempt (odds ratio: 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.18-1.82). CONCLUSIONS: Less than one-third of adolescents report being asked about tobacco use or being advised not to use tobacco. Increased tobacco use intervention by health care providers is needed to prevent initiation and increase cessation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher by the American Academy of Pediatrics Data Source Authors Schauer,G.L., Agaku,I.T., King,B.A., Malarcher,A.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease	2014	Raul Badillo, Dawn Francis, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States.; Raul Badillo, Dawn Francis, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, Uni	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics Periodical, Abbrev. World J.Gastrointest.Pharmacol.Ther. Pub Date Free Form 6-Aug Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page 105 Other Pages 112 Notes LR: 20140820; JID: 101547456; OID: NLM: PMC4133436; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/01/24 [received]; 2014/06/10 [revised]; 2014/06/20 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2150-5349; 2150-5349 Accession Number PMID: 25133039 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review DOI 10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.105 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25133039 Abstract Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease with a prevalence as high as 10%-20% in the western world. The disease can manifest in various symptoms which can be grouped into typical, atypical and extra-esophageal symptoms. Those with the highest specificity for GERD are acid regurgitation and heartburn. In the absence of alarm symptoms, these symptoms can allow one to make a presumptive diagnosis and initiate empiric therapy. In certain situations, further diagnostic testing is needed to confirm the diagnosis as well as to assess for complications or alternate causes for the symptoms. GERD complications include erosive esophagitis, peptic stricture, Barrett's esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma and pulmonary disease. Management of GERD may involve lifestyle modification, medical therapy and surgical therapy. Lifestyle modifications including weight loss and/or head of bed elevation have been shown to improve esophageal pH and/or GERD symptoms. Medical therapy involves acid suppression which can be achieved with antacids, histamine-receptor antagonists or proton-pump inhibitors. Whereas most patients can be effectively managed with medical therapy, others may go on to require anti-reflux surgery after undergoing a proper pre-operative evaluation. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current approach to the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Badillo,R., Francis,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4133436 Editors
Barrett's oesophagus: Evidence from the current meta-analyses	2014	Piers Gatenby, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW32QG, United Kingdom.; Piers Gatenby, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW32QG, United Kingdom.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology Periodical, Abbrev. World J.Gastrointest.Pathophysiol. Pub Date Free Form 15-Aug Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page 178 Other Pages 187 Notes LR: 20140820; JID: 101547471; OID: NLM: PMC4133517; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/12/31 [received]; 2014/04/05 [revised]; 2014/05/29 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2150-5330; 2150-5330 Accession Number PMID: 25133020 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review DOI 10.4291/wjgp.v5.i3.178 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25133020 Abstract Guidelines have been published regarding the management of Barrett's oesophagus (columnar-lined oesophagus). These have examined the role of surveillance in an effort to detect dysplasia and early cancer. The guidelines have provided criteria for enrolment into surveillance and some risk stratification with regard to surveillance interval. The research basis for the decisions reached with regard to cancer risk is weak and this manuscript has examined the available data published from meta-analyses up to 25(th) April 2013 (much of which has been published since the guidelines and their most recent updates have been written). There were 9 meta-analyses comparing patients with Barrett's oesophagus to control populations. These have demonstrated that Barrett's oesophagus is more common in males than females, in subjects who have ever smoked, in subjects with obesity, in subjects with prolonged symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, in subjects who do not have infection with Helicobacter pylori and in subjects with hiatus hernia. These findings should inform public health measures in reducing the risk of Barrett's oesophagus and subsequent surveillance burden and cancer risk. There were 8 meta-analyses comparing different groups of patients with Barrett's oesophagus with regard to cancer risk. These have demonstrated that there was no statistically significant benefit of antireflux surgery over medical therapy, that endoscopic ablative therapy was effective in reducing cancer risk that there was similar cancer risk in patients with Barrett's oesophagus independent of geographic origin, that the adenocarcinoma incidence in males is twice the rate in females, that the cancer risk in long segment disease showed a trend to be higher than in short segment disease, that there was a trend for higher cancer risk in low-grade dysplasia over non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus, that there is a lower risk in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection and that there is a significant protective effect of aspirin and statins. There were no meta-analyses examining the role of intestinal metaplasia. These results demonstrate that guidance regarding surveillance based on the presence of intestinal metaplasia, segment length and the presence of low-grade dysplasia has a weak basis, and further consideration should be given to gender and helicobacter status, ablation of the metaplastic segment as well as the chemoprotective role of aspirin and statins. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gatenby,P., Soon,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4133517 Editors

E-mail