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Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water by a novel mesoporous-coated stainless steel wire microextraction combined with HPLC	2010	College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, PR China. wxm98@163.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of separation science Periodical, Abbrev. J.Sep.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 33 Issue 20 Start Page 3239 Other Pages 3244 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 101088554; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 12597-68-1 (Stainless Steel); ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1615-9314; 1615-9306 Accession Number PMID: 20839236 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1002/jssc.201000287 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20839236 Abstract A novel mesoporous-coated stainless steel wire microextraction coupled with the HPLC procedure for quantification of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water has been developed, based on the sorption of target analytes on a selectively adsorptive fiber and subsequent desorption of analytes directly into HPLC. Phenyl-functionalized mesoporous materials (Ph-SBA-15) were synthesized and coated on the surfaces of a stainless steel wire. Due to the high porosity and large surface area of the Ph-SBA-15, high extraction efficiency is expected. The influence of various parameters on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extraction efficiency were thoroughly studied and optimized (such as the extraction temperature, the extraction time, the desorption time, the stirring rate and the ionic strength of samples). The results showed that each compound for the analysis of real water samples was tested under optimal conditions with the linearity ranging from 1.02x10(-3) to 200 mug/ L and the detection limits were found from 0.32 to 2.44 ng/ L, respectively. The RSD of the new method was smaller than 4.10%. Descriptors Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/economics, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Stainless Steel/chemistry, Time Factors, Water/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wang,X. M., Du,X. Z., Rao,H. H., Lu,X. Q. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples using online microextraction by packed sorbent coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	2012	Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form 30-May Volume 94 Issue Start Page 152 Other Pages 157 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 2984816R; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2012/01/13 [received]; 2012/02/27 [revised]; 2012/03/04 [accepted]; 2012/03/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 22608428 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.03.010 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22608428 Abstract A fully automated microextraction by packed sorbents (MEPS) coupled with large volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed for the determination of eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water samples. Naphthalene (Nap), pyrene (Pyr), anthracene, acenaphthylene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene (Flr), fluorene and acenaphthene were the PAHs studied. The performance of the microextraction-GC-MS protocol was compared with solid phase extraction (SPE) and GC-MS analysis. Under optimized experimental conditions, the methods were linear for all analytes in the following ranges: 0.05-2.0 mug L(-1) (MEPS) and 0.25-10.0 mug L(-1) (SPE). The correlation coefficients (R(2)) were in the range 0.9965-0.9997 (MEPS) and 0.9978-0.9998 (SPE) for all the analytes. Limits of detection (LODs) for 2 mL samples (MEPS) ranged from 0.8 ng L(-1) to 8.2 ng L(-1). LODs for 50 mL samples (SPE) were between 4.8 ng L(-1) and 35.9 ng L(-1). The two methods were successfully applied to the determination of the 8 PAHs in environmental waters, with recoveries in the range of 70-117% (MEPS) and 72-134% (SPE) for a real spiked sample. The two sample preparation processes showed good repeatabilities with intra-day relative standard deviations below 14.0% (MEPS) and 14.6% (SPE). Nap, Flr and Pyr were found in a river water sample. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Fu,S., Fan,J., Hashi,Y., Chen,Z. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120310 PMCID Editors
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in waters by ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	2010	Selcuk University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Campus, 42031 Konya, Turkey. sozcan@selcuk.edu.tr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Analytica Chimica Acta Periodical, Abbrev. Anal.Chim.Acta Pub Date Free Form 30-Apr Volume 665 Issue 2 Start Page 193 Other Pages 199 Notes CI: Copyright 2010; JID: 0370534; 2009/11/24 [received]; 2010/03/23 [revised]; 2010/03/23 [accepted]; 2010/03/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-4324; 0003-2670 Accession Number PMID: 20417330 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1016/j.aca.2010.03.047 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20417330 Abstract An ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction (USAEME) procedure was developed for the extraction of US EPA 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 10 mL of water samples, with subsequent determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After determination of the most suitable solvent and solvent volume, several other parameters (i.e., extraction time, centrifugation time and ionic strength of the sample) were optimized using a 2(3) factorial experimental design. Limits of detection ranged from 0.001 to 0.036 microg L(-1). The developed procedure was applied to fortified distilled water with different fortification levels (0.5, 2 and 5 microg L(-1)). Recoveries were over 92% and relative standard deviations of the recoveries were below 8%. The efficiency of the USAEME was compared with traditional liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction on real water samples (i.e., tap water, well water and surface (lake) water as well as domestic and industrial wastewaters). The USAEME showed comparable efficiencies especially with LLE. The developed USAEME was demonstrated to be robust, viable, simple, rapid and easy to use for the determination of PAHs in water samples by GC-MS. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Ozcan,S., Tor,A., Aydin,M. E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100329 PMCID Editors
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using lab on valve dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to high performance chromatography	2015	Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.; Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.; Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form 1-Jun Volume 138 Issue Start Page 190 Other Pages 195 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 2984816R; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/10/27 [received]; 2015/01/28 [revised]; 2015/02/03 [accepted]; 2015/02/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 25863390 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.02.007 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25863390 Abstract In this work, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method was applied for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of 15 PAHs in aqueous matrices.The extraction procedure was automated using a system of multisyringe flow injection analysis coupled to HPLC instrument with fluorescence detector. Factors affecting the extraction process, such as type and volume of extraction and dispersive solvent, extraction time and centrifugation step were investigated thoroughly and optimized utilizing factorial design. The best recovery was achieved using 100 microL of trichloroethylene as the extraction solvent and 900 microL of acetonitrile as the dispersive solvent.The results showed that extraction time has no effect on the recovery of PAHs. The enrichment factors of PAHs were in the range of 86-95 with limits of detection of 0.02-0.6 microg L(-1). The linearity was 0.2-600 microg L(-1) for different PAHs. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for intra- and inter-day of extraction of PAHs were in the range of 1.6-4.7 and 2.1-5.3, respectively, for five measurements.The developed method was used to assess the occurrence of 15 PAHs in tap water, rain waters and river surface waters samples. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Fernandez,M., Clavijo,S., Forteza,R., Cerda,V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150211 PMCID Editors
Determination of risk for Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma	2016	aDepartment of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologybDan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Current opinion in gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. Curr.Opin.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 32 Issue 4 Start Page 319 Other Pages 324 Notes JID: 8506887; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1531-7056; 0267-1379 Accession Number PMID: 27276368 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000274 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27276368 Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma and its precursor, Barrett's esophagus, have increased greatly over the past 40 years and continue to rise. This report summarizes the most recent data on the risk factors for Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. RECENT FINDINGS: Other factors, highly correlated with increasing trends for obesity, are the dominant driver of the increase in incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma, interacting with gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms. Abdominal obesity, independently of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms, is associated with increased risk of Barrett's esophagus and this association is likely mediated by high levels of leptin and insulin. Use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, and proton pump inhibitors are associated with a reduced risk of Barrett's esophagus as well as lower risk of neoplastic progression in patients with Barrett's esophagus. An increasing number of genetic loci have been associated with risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. SUMMARY: Recent advances in identifying risk factors and reporting of more precise estimates of effect for the main risk factors will positively impact clinical risk stratification efforts for Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Large pooling studies are underway to derive and validate reliable clinical risk models. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thrift,A.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in aqueous samples by ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	2012	Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Periodical, Abbrev. Anal.Bioanal Chem. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 402 Issue 4 Start Page 1723 Other Pages 1730 Notes LR: 20160512; JID: 101134327; 0 (Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 095I377U8F (musk); 2011/08/07 [received]; 2011/11/11 [accepted]; 2011/11/08 [revised]; 2011/12/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1618-2650; 1618-2642 Accession Number PMID: 22139524 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s00216-011-5573-3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22139524 Abstract A simple and solvent-minimized procedure for the determination of six commonly found synthetic polycyclic musks in aqueous samples using ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is described. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of analytes from water samples were systematically investigated. The best extraction conditions involved the rapid injection of a mixture of 1.0 mL of isopropyl alcohol (as a dispersant) and 10 muL of carbon tetrachloride (as an extractant) into 10 mL of water containing 0.5 g of sodium chloride in a conical-bottom glass tube. After ultrasonication for 1.0 min and centrifugation at 5,000 rpm (10 min), the sedimented phase 1.0 muL was directly injected into the GC-MS system. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) were less than 0.6 ng/L. The precision for these analytes, as indicated by relative standard deviations (RSDs), was less than 11% for both intra- and interday analysis. Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 71 and 104%. Their total concentrations were determined in the range from 8.3 to 63.9 ng/L in various environmental samples by using a standard addition method. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Yang,C.Y., Ding,W.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111204 PMCID Editors
Determination of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide yields in the mainstream smoke of selected international cigarettes	2004	National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 13 Issue 1 Start Page 45 Other Pages 51 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Smoke); 0 (Tars); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); OID: NLM: PMC1747810; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 14985595 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14985595 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Survey of nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide (CO) smoke deliveries from 77 cigarette brands purchased in 35 countries was conducted using a standardised machine smoking method. The goal of this study was to determine regional variations and differences in the tar, nicotine, and CO smoke yields of a cigarette brand manufactured by a leading transnational corporation and of non-US locally popular cigarette brands. DESIGN: The majority of the cigarettes were purchased in each of the participating countries by delegate members of the World Health Organization and forwarded to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for analysis. Smoke deliveries were determined using a standardised smoking machine method and subsequent gravimetric and gas chromatography analysis. RESULTS: The smoke deliveries varied widely. Mainstream smoke deliveries varied from 6.8 to 21.6 mg tar/cigarette, 0.5 to 1.6 mg nicotine/cigarette, and 5.9 to 17.4 mg CO/cigarette. In addition to the smoke deliveries, the cigarettes were examined to determine physical parameters such as filter composition, length, and ventilation levels. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the smoke deliveries suggested that cigarettes from the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific WHO regions tended to have higher tar, nicotine, and CO smoke deliveries than did brands from the European, American, or African WHO regions surveyed. Descriptors Air Pollutants/analysis, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Nicotine/analysis, Smoke/analysis, Tars/analysis, Tobacco Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Calafat,A. M., Polzin,G. M., Saylor,J., Richter,P., Ashley,D. L., Watson,C. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC1747810 Editors
Determination of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide yields in the smoke of bidi cigarettes	2003	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. cow1@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 5 Issue 5 Start Page 747 Other Pages 753 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9815751; 0 (Ganglionic Stimulants); 0 (Tars); 0 (tobacco tar); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1462-2203; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 14577991 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 9BPW5L3F08F69X0V [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14577991 Abstract A survey of the nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide (CO) levels in mainstream smoke from 21 brands of bidi cigarettes and five brands of traditional cigarettes was conducted using a variation of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) standardized cigarette smoking machine method. The primary difference between this method and the FTC method was a reduction of the 60-s puff interval to 15 s. The shorter puff interval was required to prevent the bidi cigarettes from self-extinguishing and may represent a closer approximation to human usage. The goal of this study was to evaluate the smoke-delivery potential for tar, nicotine, and CO in mainstream smoke from bidi cigarettes compared with traditional domestic cigarettes smoked under identical conditions. Approximately half of the bidi brands examined were marketed as filtered varieties. Unlike traditional cigarettes, the filtered and unfiltered bidi brands yielded comparable smoke deliveries. Thus, a filtered bidi cigarette brand does not provide any harm-reduction benefit that might result from a reduction in levels of tar, nicotine, and CO compared with an unfiltered variety. Our findings indicate that bidi cigarettes can deliver high levels of tar (77.9+/-9.5 mg/bidi), nicotine (2.7+/-.4 mg/bidi), and CO (39.2+/-5.7 mg/bidi). In comparison, traditional cigarettes smoked using the bidi cigarette protocol have lower tar and CO yields, but have nicotine deliveries comparable with bidi cigarettes. Descriptors Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Consumer Product Safety, Data Collection, Filtration, Ganglionic Stimulants/analysis, Humans, India, Nicotine/analysis, Product Surveillance, Postmarketing, Smoking/adverse effects, Tars/analysis, Tobacco/chemistry, United States Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Watson,C. H., Polzin,G. M., Calafat,A. M., Ashley,D. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Determination of ten monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by liquid-liquid extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry	2012	Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form 15-May Volume 93 Issue Start Page 383 Other Pages 391 Notes CI: Published by Elsevier B.V.; GR: 1U38DD000481-01/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States; JID: 2984816R; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 2012/01/27 [received]; 2012/02/17 [revised]; 2012/02/22 [accepted]; 2012/03/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 22483926 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.02.059 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22483926 Abstract The aim of this study is to develop and validate an analytical method for the quantitation of ten urinary monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) through high pressure liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). After enzymatic deconjugation, urine samples were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and OH-PAHs were analyzed by HPLC/MS/MS operated in negative electrospray ionization (ESI) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. LLE was conducted with the solvent mixture of pentane and toluene, which reduced the matrix interferences and enhanced the method sensitivity significantly. Deuterated and (13)C-labeled analogs are used as internal standards. Calibration curves of all target analytes shows favorable linearity within the concentration range of 5.9-15,000.0 ng/L for different OH-PAHs with the regression coefficients above 0.993. The limits of detection (LODs) in pooled urine ranged from 1.72 to 17.47 ng/L, which were much lower than those obtained by a gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) method. The method shows satisfactory accuracy and precision when analyzing three different levels of OH-PAHs spiked in pooled urine. Except for 1-hydroxynaphthalene, recoveries of other OH-PAHs were in the range of 100 +/- 20% with a variation coefficient of less than 13%. The measurement of OH-PAHs from a QC sample of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) generated results close to the values measured by CDC. This method has been successfully employed in the California Biomonitoring Program. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fan,R., Ramage,R., Wang,D., Zhou,J., She,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120301 PMCID Editors
Determination of the blood lead concentration in blood donors from the City of Leipzig and its vicinity	1999	Kuchenbecker, D., Institut fur Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmed. der Universitat Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin Periodical, Abbrev. Arbeitsmed.Sozialmed.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form 1999/ Volume 34 Issue 1 Start Page 32 Other Pages 35 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0944-6052 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Aim of the study: Blood lead concentrations of a population are usually used as indicator of lead exposure. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the blood lead levels of the general population in Leipzig. Moreover, the influence of the water pipes from lead on blood lead levels was investigated. Methods and subjects: Blood lead determinations were performed by atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite furnace. Lead concentrations in venous blood were measured in 681 volunteers (18 to 68 years of age). Of these persons, 98 men and 94 women lived in houses with lead water pipes. Results: Median values of blood lead levels were significantly higher in participants with lead pipes than in those without lead pipes. The median values of blood lead levels were 68 Î¼g/l for men with lead pipes and 47 Î¼g/l for men without lead pipes. For women, the corresponding median values were 57 and 34 Î¼g/l, respectively. Conclusion: In spite of the relatively high percentage of persons with water pipes lead- containing, the geometric means of the blood lead levels for males (54 Î¼g/l) and females (42 Î¼g/l) obtained in the present study were similar to the values reported in other studies. Descriptors lead, adult, article, atomic absorption spectrometry, blood donor, blood transfusion, drug determination, female, fluid intake, Germany, human, lead blood level, lead poisoning, major clinical study, male, occupational exposure, pipeline, population research, venous blood Links Book Title Bestimmung der blutbleikonzentrationen bei blutspendern in der Stadt Leipzig und ihrer umgebung Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Kuchenbecker,D., Schaffernicht,H., Edel,E., Grau,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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