WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort ascending
Histopathologic changes in oral mucosa of Yemenis addicted to water-pipe and cigarette smoking in addition to takhzeen al-qat	2007	Ali, A.A., Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences. Unit of Oral Pathology and Medicine, King Faisal University College of Dentistry, Dammam, Saudi Arabia	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics Periodical, Abbrev. Oral Surg.Oral Med.Oral Pathol.Oral Radiol.Endod. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 103 Issue 3 Start Page e55; e59 Other Pages e55; e59 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1079-2104 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Because the clinicopathologic effects of takhzeen al-qat are similar to those induced by smoking, the aim of this paper was to study the oral effect of 3 bad oral habits: takhzeen al-qat and cigarette and water-pipe smoking. Study design: This study was done on 33 Yemeni chronic qat users grouped as heavy cigarette smokers (GI), nonsmokers (GII) and water-pipe smokers (GIII). In all cases (n = 33) 2 biopsies were taken (n = 66), one from the buccal mucosa at the chewing side and the other from a similar mucosa at the contralateral (nonexposed) side. Biopsies were prepared for routine H&E staining. Results: Acanthosis appeared in 88% and 0%, abnormal rete ridges in 70% and 3%, hyperparakeratosis in 67% and 0%, and epithelial dysplasia in 30% and 0% of the chewing and nonchewing sides, respectively, in the 3 groups. Epithelial dysplasia appeared in 41% of GI and GIII (smokers) but in only 9% of GII (nonsmokers). Conclusions: Takhzeen al-qat causes distinct histopathologic changes in the oral mucosa at the side of chewing, such as acanthosis, abnormal rete ridges, and hyperparakeratosis. The association between takhzeen al-qat and cigarette or water-pipe smoking may increase the risk of epithelial dysplasia. Â© 2007 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. Descriptors adult, article, Catha edulis, female, human, male, melanosis, middle aged, mouth disease, mouth mucosa, parakeratosis, pathology, risk, risk factor, smoking, Yemen Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Ali,A. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Scientific research on Cannabis: Chemical aspects of Cannabis smoke produced through water pipes	1977	Dept. Biol. Chem., Med. Sch., Univ. Athens	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form 1977/ Volume ST Issue SOA/SER.S/55 Start Page Other Pages Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Unlike other investigators, the authors have studied the chemical composition of cannabis smoke generated by an experimental device capable of simulating the favorite way of Greeks, as well as Middle Eastern heavy cannabis smokers, who utilize water pipes. Descriptors cannabis, in vitro study, theoretical study Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Alikaridis Ph.,, Michael,C. M., Papadakis,D. P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users	2009		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tob Induc Dis Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue 1 Start Page 16 Other Pages 16 Notes ID: 20021672 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tobacco cigarette smoking a well-known cause of cancer and other diseases. Hookah smoking is another form of tobacco use that has rapidly spread in the United State and Europe. This study assessed beliefs about the harmfulness of smoking hookah. METHODS: We surveyed hookah users in all cafes that provided hookah to its customers in downtown San Diego, California and nearby areas. A total of 235 hookah users participated in this study. RESULTS: Average age of study participants was 22 years, 57% were males, and 72% were not cigarette smokers. Whites were more likely to use hookah than the other ethnic groups (33%), older hookah users (26-35 years) were mostly males, and mint flavor of hookah tobacco was the most popular among a wide variety of flavors (23%). There was no significant difference in gender in relation to the wrong perception that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes, but those of Asian ethnicity were much less likely than other ethnic groups to believe that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes. More frequent users of hookah were more likely to believe that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes. The majority of hookah users (58.3%) believe hookah is less harmful than cigarette smoking. DISCUSSION: Compared to cigarettes, there appears to be a lack of knowledge about the harmfulness of smoking hookah among users regardless of their demographic background. Education about the harmfulness of smoking hookah and policies to limit its use should be implemented to prevent the spread of this new form of tobacco use. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806861/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1617-9625-5-16 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Aljarrah,Khaled, Ababneh,Zaid Q., Al-Delaimy,Wael Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The short-term effect of water-pipe smoking on the baroreflex control of heart rate in normotensives	2006		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Auton Neurosci Periodical, Abbrev. Auton.Neurosci. Pub Date Free Form Volume 126-127 Issue Start Page 146 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 16716761 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract UNLABELLED: The aim of this study is to analyse the acute effect of water-pipe smoking on heart rate, blood pressure and the baroreflex control of heart rate. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Non-invasive continuous methods were used for investigating inter-beat interval (IBI; ms), systolic blood pressure (SBP; mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; mm Hg), pulse pressure (PP; mm Hg), mean blood pressure (MBP; mm Hg); baroreflex sensitivity in ms/mm Hg (BRS) and baroreflex sensitivity in Hz/mm Hg (BRSf), were determined by spectral analysis, in 20 normotensive volunteers age of 27+/-6 years (mean+/-S.D.) who served as their own control. The measurements were taken twice. The first measurement was taken before the water-pipe smoking session (this is after >12 h of smoking cessation with a complete stopping of alcohol, coffee or tea consumption). The second measurement was taken during a 5 min period immediately after that session. (In the smoking session the volunteer smokes 5 g Maassel (fruit flavoured tobacco) for a period of 45 min). RESULTS: The inter-beat interval decreased (846+/-100 to 709+/-109 ms, p=0.0003), SBP increased (110+/-13 to 123+/-12 mm Hg, p=0.004), DBP increased (67+/-11 to 81+/-11 mm Hg, p=0.0002), PP decreased (43+/-10 to 41+/-9 mm Hg, p=0.46 ns), MBP increased (82+/-10 to 95+/-11 mm Hg, p=0.0001), BRS decreased (9.16+/-4 to 5.67+/-3 ms/mm Hg, p=0.003) and BRSf (0.013+/-0.005 to 0.011+/-0.004 Hz/mm Hg, p=0.3 ns). CONCLUSIONS: Water-pipe smoking induced a high increase in heart rate, SBP, DBP, MBP and markedly impaired BRS. All of those markers are known as risk factors in cardiovascular diseases, hence it is concluded that water-pipe smoking is not as harmless as is thought. Descriptors Baroreflex/physiology, Heart Rate/physiology, Smoking/physiopathology, Adult, Baroreflex/drug effects, Blood Pressure/physiology, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Male, Statistics, Nonparametric Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16716761 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Kubati,M., Al-Kubati,A., al'Absi,M., Fiser,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Role of members of university students' unions in tobacco prevention	2007		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Prev Med Hyg Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 48 Issue 4 Start Page 136 Other Pages 40 Notes ID: 18557308 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: In Egypt, each faculty has it own students' union, which represents the students and collaborates in organizing all educational, sporting and social activities. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the knowledge of members of students' unions about cigarette and Shisha smoking together with assessing their attitudes towards smoking in public places in general and in the university. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of members of Ain Shams University Students' Unions was subjected to an interview questionnaire. All participants were individually interviewed face-to-face by a trained interviewer from March 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005. RESULTS: Our study showed that 34 (31.5%) students were smokers. The mean knowledge score percentage was 79.4 +/- 20.7. Regarding knowledge about Shisha smoking hazards, the majority of the students (84.3%) knew that Shisha smoking is hazardous. The mean attitude score percentage was 56.8 +/- 22.2. Smokers had less mean knowledge as regard smoking hazards compared to non-smokers (p < 0.01). Also, smokers had a lower mean attitude compared to non-smokers (p < 0.001). More than one-third (38.9%) of the interviewed students didn't know if the students' union has a policy for prevention of smoking or not. CONCLUSION: Our findings point that although our students had a moderately high mean knowledge score yet this didn't increase their attitude about the smoking problem in the university and in the community. This supports the notion that, in addition to knowledge about smoking hazards, efforts are needed to change beliefs that allow this offensive habit to continue. Descriptors Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Promotion, Smoking/prevention & control, Social Marketing, Students, Universities, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Egypt, Humans, Male, Organizational Policy, Spain, Questionnaires Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18557308 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Allam,M. F., Abd Elaziz,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Oral hygiene, dietary pattern and smoking habits of Bedouin (nomadic Arabs) population in Saudi Arabia.	2003	Almas, K., King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal Periodical, Abbrev. Odontostomatol.Trop. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 26 Issue 103 Start Page 19 Other Pages 23 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0251-172X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The estimated population of the Bedouins are up to two million in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, but relatively little information is available about them. The aim of the study was to assess the oral hygiene dietary pattern and smoking habits of Saudi Bedouins population around Medina, Qaseen and Khamis Moshayte areas. Five hundred and twenty five Bedouins (296 male, 229 female) with the age range 2-90 years were interviewed and examined clinically over a period of four months (July to October 1998). It was found that 25% of the subjects were miswak users, 30% used miswak and tooth brush, while 26% never cleaned their teeth. Almost 50% of the subjects were regular in their oral hygiene habits. Seventy percent were rice eaters while meat and dates were second and third preference. Tea was the most common drink with 2-3 teaspoons of sugar per cup. Only ten percent were cigarette smokers and less than 5% used shisha (traditional smoking pipe). It is concluded from the study that within the surveyed Bedouin population one fourth of them never cleaned their teeth while almost the same number used miswak (Chewing stick) to clean their teeth. Rice was the most common food item, while tea with refined sugar was the most common drink. Only 15% were smoker. Further research is needed with a larger and a more representative sample of Bedouins from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Descriptors adolescent, adult, aged, Arab, article, child, diet, female, human, male, methodology, middle aged, mouth hygiene, preschool child, Saudi Arabia, smoking, statistics, sugar intake, tea, utilization review Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Almas,K., al-Amri,M., al-Eid,A., al-Shahrani,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Soil temperatures and heat loss for a hot water pipe network buried in irrigated soil	1976	Alpert, J.E., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, Pa. 16802	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental quality Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Qual. Pub Date Free Form 1976/10 Volume 5 Issue 4 Start Page 400 Other Pages 405 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0047-2425 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A 0.09 ha field prototype of a simultaneous waste heat and waste water disposal system was constructed and instrumented. Data are reported for soil, pipe, soil surface, and air temperatures; heat loss (0.068-0.117 cal cm-2 min-1); and soil thermal conductivity (3.61-5.63 mcal [cm sec Â°C]-1). The data are used to evaluate the heat flow theory which is currently being used to predict the land area required for waste heat disposal with a buried hot water pipe network. Predicted heat loss was consistently lower than experimental heat losses. The results of the experiment indicate that substantial improvements need be made in the existing theory to account for the transient heat flow and heat storage. Descriptors energy conservation, lavage, mathematical model, model, recycling, soil, temperature, theoretical study, therapy, waste water management Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Alpert,J. E., VanDemark,S. C., Fritton,D. D., DeWalle,D. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Exposure to cadmium among sheesha smokers and how do they compare to cigarette smokers	2000	Al-Saleh, I., Biological and Med. Res. Department, King Faisal Spec. Hosp./Res. Ctr., Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Trace Elem.Exp.Med. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 13 Issue 4 Start Page 381 Other Pages 388 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0896-548X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Blood cadmium (B-Cd) and urinary cadmium (U-Cd) were assessed among non-smokers, cigarette smokers, sheesha smokers, and both cigarette and sheesha smokers. Urinary cotinine (U-cotinine), which is a metabolite of nicotine with a biological half-life of > 10 h was used as a marker of exposure to tobacco smoke. Results indicate that smoking sheesha is another source of tobacco exposure. B-Cd, U-Cd, and U-cotinine were significantly higher among cigarette and both cigarette and sheesha smokers. U-cotinine was associated only with B-Cd concentrations. Exposure to Cd from smoking cigarette or/and sheesha could effect some of the renal dysfunction indices. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Descriptors cadmium, cotinine, tobacco smoke, adolescent, adult, article, blood level, smoking, devices, human, kidney disease, kidney function, male, priority journal, smoking habit, tobacco, urine level Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al-Saleh,I., Shinwari,N., Basile,P., Al-Dgaither,S., Al-Mutairi,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of current smoking in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full East Mediterr Health J Periodical, Abbrev. East.Mediterr.Health J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 16 Issue 6 Start Page 671 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 20799597 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract All Saudi Arabian residents of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia aged 30+ years completed a structured interview questionnaire about smoking. The prevalence of current smoking (smoked > 100 cigarettes or any tobacco products including waterpipe in lifetime and still smoking daily or occasionally for 1 month or more) among 196 268 respondents was 16.9% (28.7% among men and 4.5% among women). There was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking at younger ages in men and older ages in women. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently associated with smoking were lower socioeconomic tatus, lower education, being divorced and occupations such as the military and self-employed. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Educational Status, Female, Focus Groups, Health Surveys, Humans, Income/statistics & numerical data, Logistic Models, Male, Marital Status, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Occupations, Prevalence, Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Sex Distribution Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-20799597 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Turki,K., Al-Baghli,N., Al-Ghamdi,A., El-Zubaier,A., Al-Ghamdi,R., Alameer,M. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking habits among medical students in Central Saudi Arabia	2006		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi Med J Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 27 Issue 5 Start Page 700 Other Pages 3 Notes ID: 16680263 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of smoking habits among male medical students at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: We carried out this cross-sectional study using Arabic questionnaires distributed to the medical students in the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA at different educational levels from September 13 to September 25, 2005. A total of 322 medical students completed the questionnaires (response rate 80.5%). RESULTS: The study shows that 13% of male medical students were currently active smokers, 5.3% were ex-smokers, and 38.2% were passive smokers. The types of smoking included sheesha 44.1%, cigarette 32.2%, and both 23.7%. The common reason given for the smoking behavior was the influence of friends (35.6%). The study shows that 57.1% of current smokers were motivated to stop smoking. CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need to promote multi-disciplinary health education activities at different age groups in order to prevent young age students from smoking, and to help smokers to quit. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Students, Medical, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Education, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Saudi Arabia, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation, Questionnaires Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16680263 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Turki,Yousef Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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