WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Temporal trends of esophageal disorders by age in the Cerner Health Facts database	2016	Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Electronic address: jessica.petrick@nih.gov.; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hepatology and Nutrit	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of Epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 26 Issue 2 Start Page 151 Other Pages 4.e1-4 Notes LR: 20160426; CI: Published by Elsevier Inc.; GR: T32 DK007150/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32DK007150/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 TR000050/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1TR00005/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; GR: ZIA CP010220 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1873-2585; 1047-2797 Accession Number PMID: 26762962 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.11.004 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26762962 Abstract PURPOSE: Esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence has increased approximately 600% over the last 4 decades in the United States. Little research has been conducted on the temporal trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett's esophagus (BE), yet it is important to establish whether these conditions have also increased with time or differ by age. METHODS: The Cerner Health Facts((R)) database contains information on 35 million patients between 2001 and 2010. GERD, BE, and esophageal cancer (EC) cases were defined using International Classification of Diseases, ninth edition codes. We calculated age-adjusted rates and 95% confidence intervals for GERD, BE, and EC. RESULTS: In this population, the overall, all-age rate per 100,000 encounters for GERD was 711.9, BE was 21.6, and EC was 6.1. During 2001-2010, GERD rates increased by approximately 50% and EC rates more than doubled, but BE rates declined by approximately 40%. Trends were similar by age, and all rates were higher in Caucasians and males. CONCLUSIONS: These data indirectly support the idea that increased incidence of EC may be partially due to GERD and raise the provocative hypothesis that BE rates may be decreasing possibly as a forerunner of continued stabilization of esophageal adenocarcinoma rates and a possible subsequent decline. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Petrick,J.L., Nguyen,T., Cook,M.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151211 PMCID PMC4844025 Editors
Enhancing Quit & Win contests to improve cessation among college smokers: a randomized clinical trial	2016	Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Cente	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 111 Issue 2 Start Page 331 Other Pages 339 Notes LR: 20160124; CI: (c) 2015; GR: 5R01-HL094183-04S1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 HL094183/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9304118; NIHMS721510; OID: NLM: NIHMS721510 [Available on 02/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4721252 [Available on 02/01/17]; OTO Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1360-0443; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 26767340 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1111/add.13144 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26767340 Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Quit & Win contests (in which smokers pledge to quit smoking for a defined period in exchange for the chance to win a prize) may be well-suited for college smokers. We tested the effectiveness of multiple versus single Quit & Win contests and that of added counseling versus no counseling in smoking cessation. DESIGN: A two-by-two, randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up. SETTING: Nineteen institutions in Minnesota, Texas, Ohio and Wisconsin. PARTICIPANTS: College student smokers (n = 1217) were randomized within site to four conditions: single (n = 306), multiple contests alone (n = 309), single contest plus counseling (n = 296) or multiple contests with counseling (n = 306). INTERVENTION: Participants in the standard contest condition (T1 and T2) were asked to abstain from all tobacco products for a 30-day period; those with confirmed abstinence were eligible for a lottery-based prize. Participants assigned to the multiple contest conditions (T3 and T4) participated in the 30-day contest and were enrolled automatically into two additional contest periods with an escalating prize structure. Participants randomized into the counseling conditions (T2 and T4) received up to six telephone-administered Motivation and Problem Solving (MAPS) counseling sessions over the 12-week treatment period. MEASURES: The primary outcome was biochemically verified 30-day point prevalence (PP) abstinence rate at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were the same abstinence at end of treatment (4 months) and a proxy measure of 6-month verified continuous abstinence rate. Outcomes were based on all participants randomized. FINDINGS: We found no evidence of an interaction between number of contests and counseling. Abstinence rates for multiple (13.5%) and single (11.7%) contests were not significantly different at 6 months [odds ratio (OR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.84-1.66]. The addition of counseling did not improve 6-month abstinence significantly (13.7 versus 11.6%, OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.86-1.70). Multiple contests increased abstinence at 4 months (19.3 versus 10.3%, OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.50-2.91) and continuous abstinence at 6 months (7.8 versus 3.8%, OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.28-3.56). CONCLUSION: Multiple Quit & Win contests may increase smoking abstinence rates in college students more than single contests, but it is not clear whether adding counseling to these interventions produces any additional benefit. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for the Study of Addiction Data Source Authors Thomas,J.L., Luo,X., Bengtson,J., Wang,Q., Ghidei,W., Nyman,J., Lust,K., An,L., Wetter,D.W., Epstein,L., Ahluwalia,J.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151111 PMCID PMC4721252 Editors
Primary healthcare provider knowledge, beliefs and clinic-based practices regarding alternative tobacco products and marijuana: a qualitative study	2016	Department of Behavioral Sciences & Health Education, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA and.; Cancer Coalition of South Georgia, Albany, GA 31707, USA.; Cancer Coalition of South Georgia, Albany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Health education research Periodical, Abbrev. Health Educ.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 31 Issue 3 Start Page 375 Other Pages 383 Notes LR: 20160529; CI: (c) The Author 2016; JID: 8608459; OID: NLM: PMC4872592 [Available on 06/01/17]; PMCR: 2017/06/01 00:00; 2015/07/07 [received]; 2015/12/20 [accepted]; 2016/01/22 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1465-3648; 0268-1153 Accession Number PMID: 26802106 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; T DOI 10.1093/her/cyv103 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26802106 Abstract Use prevalence of alternative tobacco products and marijuana has increased dramatically. Unfortunately, clinical guidelines have focused on traditional cigarettes with limited attention regarding these emerging public health issues. Thus, it is critical to understand how healthcare professionals view this issue and are responding to it. This qualitative study explored knowledge, beliefs and clinic-based practices regarding traditional and alternative tobacco products (cigar-like products, smokeless tobacco, hookah, e-cigarettes) and marijuana among rural and urban Georgia primary healthcare providers. The sample comprised 20 healthcare providers in primary care settings located in the Atlanta Metropolitan area and rural southern Georgia who participated in semi-structured interviews. Results indicated a lack of knowledge about these products, with some believing that some products were less harmful than traditional cigarettes or that they may be effective in promoting cessation or harm reduction. Few reported explicitly assessing use of these various products in clinic. In addition, healthcare providers reported a need for empirical evidence to inform their clinical practice. Healthcare providers must systematically assess use of the range of tobacco products and marijuana. Evidence-based recommendations or information sources are needed to inform clinical practice and help providers navigate conversations with patients using or inquiring about these products. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press Data Source Authors Bascombe,T.M., Scott,K.N., Ballard,D., Smith,S.A., Thompson,W., Berg,C.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160122 PMCID PMC4872592 Editors
Secondhand hookah smoke: an occupational hazard for hookah bar employees	2016	Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.; New York University, New York, New York, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA Department of E	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form 25-Jan Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160127; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; JID: 9209612; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 26811352 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI tobaccocontrol-2015-052505 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26811352 Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing popularity of hookah bars, there is a lack of research assessing the health effects of hookah smoke among employees. This study investigated indoor air quality in hookah bars and the health effects of secondhand hookah smoke on hookah bar workers. METHODS: Air samples were collected during the work shift of 10 workers in hookah bars in New York City (NYC). Air measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), fine black carbon (BC2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), and nicotine were collected during each work shift. Blood pressure and heart rate, markers of active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure (exhaled CO and saliva cotinine levels), and selected inflammatory cytokines in blood (ineterleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, IL-8, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)) were assessed in workers immediately prior to and immediately after their work shift. RESULTS: The PM2.5 (gravimetric) and BC2.5 concentrations in indoor air varied greatly among the work shifts with mean levels of 363.8 microg/m3 and 2.2 microg/m3, respectively. The mean CO level was 12.9 ppm with a peak value of 22.5 ppm CO observed in one hookah bar. While heart rate was elevated by 6 bpm after occupational exposure, this change was not statistically significant. Levels of inflammatory cytokines in blood were all increased at postshift compared to preshift testing with IFN-Upsilon increasing from 0.85 (0.13) to 1.6 (0.25) (mean (standard error of the mean; SEM)) pg/mL (p90 ppm exhaled CO. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that hookah bars have elevated concentrations of indoor air pollutants that appear to cause adverse health effects in employees. These data indicate the need for further research and a marked need for better air quality monitoring and policies in such establishments to improve the indoor air quality for workers and patrons. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Zhou,S., Behrooz,L., Weitzman,M., Pan,G., Vilcassim,R., Mirowsky,J.E., Breysee,P., Rule,A., Gordon,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160125 PMCID Editors
Longitudinal study of e-cigarette use and onset of cigarette smoking among high school students in Hawaii	2016	Prevention and Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.; Prevention and Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.; Cancer Control Program, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hamps	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form 25-Jan Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160726; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; GR: P30 CA071789/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United Stat Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 26811353 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI tobaccocontrol-2015-052705 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26811353 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is prevalent among adolescents, but there is little knowledge about the consequences of their use. We examined, longitudinally, how e-cigarette use among adolescents is related to subsequent smoking behaviour. METHODS: Longitudinal school-based survey with a baseline sample of 2338 students (9th and 10th graders, mean age 14.7 years) in Hawaii surveyed in 2013 (time 1, T1) and followed up 1 year later (time 2, T2). We assessed e-cigarette use, tobacco cigarette use, and psychosocial covariates (demographics, parental support and monitoring, and sensation seeking and rebelliousness). Regression analyses including the covariates tested whether e-cigarette use was related to the onset of smoking among youth who had never smoked cigarettes, and to change in smoking frequency among youth who had previously smoked cigarettes. RESULTS: Among T1 never-smokers, those who had used e-cigarettes at T1 were more likely to have smoked cigarettes at T2; for a complete-case analysis, adjusted OR=2.87, 95% CI 2.03 to 4.05, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wills,T.A., Knight,R., Sargent,J.D., Gibbons,F.X., Pagano,I., Williams,R.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160125 PMCID PMC4959970 Editors
Periodontal Health Condition and Associated Factors among University Students, Yemen	2015	Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University , Sana'a, Yemen; Department of Pedodontics, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi .; Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Me	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Diagn.Res. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 9 Issue 12 Start Page ZC30 Other Pages 3 Notes LR: 20160202; JID: 101488993; OID: NLM: PMC4717690; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/08/23 [received]; 2015/10/23 [accepted]; 2015/12/01 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication India ISSN/ISBN 2249-782X; 0973-709X Accession Number PMID: 26813290 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2015/16435.6964 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26813290 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Studies on oral health status among Yemeni population are scarce. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal health among advantaged section of Yemeni society, university students, in health and non-health fields. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Periodontal health status of a sample of 360 students from dental, medical and literature faculties (120 each with equal gender distribution) at Sana'a University was evaluated by two calibrated examiners using CPI index. Data regarding tooth-brushing practices and smoking and khat chewing habits were obtained using a structured interview questionnaire. RESULTS: Only 45 students (12.5%) had healthy periodontium, while 113 (31.4%), 186 (51.7%) and 16 (4.4%) had bleeding, calculus and shallow pocket, respectively, with no significant differences between faculties. Females revealed significantly better periodontal health compared to males, though their bleeding score was higher. Dental and medical students and female students in general were significantly more interested in tooth-brushing and significantly less interested in practicing the deleterious habits such as smoking and khat chewing. CONCLUSION: The overall periodontal health of Sana'a University students is still unsatisfactory even among students in health field. Females and students in health field revealed better periodontal health and oral health practices (tooth-brushing) in comparison to male students and those in non-health field. The negative effects of the highly prevalent smoking and khat chewing habits deserve further reliable researches and proper educational programs at the national level. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dhaifullah,E., Al-Maweri,S.A., Al-Motareb,F., Halboub,E., Elkhatat,E., Baroudi,K., Tarakji,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151201 PMCID PMC4717690 Editors
Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Methods to Assess Compliance With Smoke-Free Regulations: A Multi-Center Study in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries	2016	Department of Tobacco Control, The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Edinburgh, Scotland; ajackson-morris@theunion.org.; Department of Tobacco Control, The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Edinburgh, Scot	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 1258 Other Pages 1264 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2016; JID: 9815751; 2015/02/18 [received]; 2015/12/23 [accepted]; 2016/01/26 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 26814194 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntv290 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26814194 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have enacted legislation banning smoking in public places, yet enforcement remains challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a validated low-cost methodology (the Dylos DC1700) to provide objective evidence of smoke-free (SF) law compliance in hospitality venues in urban LMIC settings, where outdoor air pollution levels are generally high. METHODS: Teams measured indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and systematically observed smoking behavior and SF signage in a convenience sample of hospitality venues (bars, restaurants, cafes, and hotels) covered by existing SF legislation in Mexico, Pakistan, Indonesia, Chad, Bangladesh, and India. Outdoor air PM2.5 was also measured on each sampling day. RESULTS: Data were collected from 626 venues. Smoking was observed during almost one-third of visits with substantial differences between countries-from 5% in India to 72% in Chad. After excluding venues where other combustion sources were observed, secondhand smoke (SHS) derived PM2.5 was calculated by subtracting outdoor ambient PM2.5 concentrations from indoor measurements and was, on average, 34 microg/m(3) in venues with observed smoking-compared to an average value of 0 microg/m(3) in venues where smoking was not observed (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Jackson-Morris,A., Bleymann,K., Lyall,E., Aslam,F., Bam,T.S., Chowdhury,I., Daouda,E.A., Espinosa,M., Romo,J., Singh,R.J., Semple,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160126 PMCID Editors
Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Risk Factors amongst Middle-School Students in Ongkharak District, Thailand	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Assoc.Thai. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 98 Suppl 9 Issue Start Page S1 Other Pages 8 Notes JID: 7507216; ppublish Place of Publication Thailand ISSN/ISBN 0125-2208; 0125-2208 Accession Number PMID: 26817203 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26817203 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is a common tobacco use which is the leading preventable cause of death in Thailand. Prevalence and risk factors of cigarette smoking are varied amongst communities. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of cigarette smoking amongst middle-school students studying in the Ongkharak district, central Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with students of the public schools in Ongkharak district, central Thailand, in 2013. Of 677 middle-school students (grade 7-9) who currently enrolled in the classes, 130 were randomly selected. Data on smoking as well as demographic characteristics were collected using an anonymous self- administered questionnaire which was modified from the 2013 Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and translated into Thai. RESULTS: The prevalence of children who smoked or had smoked before was 24.6% (38.9% amongst males and 6.9% amongst females, p-value Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rerksuppaphol,L., Rerksuppaphol,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Social influences on use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and hookah by college students	2016	a Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion , College of Education, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.; a Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion , College of Education, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.; b	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of American college health : J of ACH Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Coll.Health Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 64 Issue 4 Start Page 319 Other Pages 328 Notes LR: 20160621; GR: UL1 TR000117/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8214119; NIHMS792194; OID: NLM: NIHMS792194 [Available on 05/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4913463 [Available on 05/01/17]; OTO: NOTNLM; PMCR: 2017/05/01 00:00; 2016/01/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1940-3208; 0744-8481 Accession Number PMID: 26822236 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1080/07448481.2016.1138478 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26822236 Abstract OBJECTIVES: (1) Compare social norms and perceived peer use between college student cigarette, e-cigarette, and/or hookah users and nonusers; and (2) determine variables associated with social influences. PARTICIPANTS: Undergraduate students attending a large university in the Southeast United States (N = 511). METHODS: An April 2013 online survey assessed use of 3 types of tobacco, social norms, perception of peer use, number of smokers in life, exposure to secondhand smoke, and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Participants indicated greater acceptance of emerging tobacco products than for cigarettes and consistently overestimated the percent of peers who use various tobacco products. Males and current users had higher social norm scores for all 3 forms of tobacco. CONCLUSION: To counter marketing of alternative tobacco products, education about the dangers of their use needs to be implemented across college campuses as part of a comprehensive tobacco control strategy that also includes tobacco-free campus policies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Noland,M., Ickes,M.J., Rayens,M.K., Butler,K., Wiggins,A.T., Hahn,E.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160129 PMCID PMC4913463 Editors
An outbreak of cholera in Medipally village, Andhra Pradesh, India, 2013	2015	SHARE India, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.; SHARE India, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.; SHARE India, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.; Directorate of Health, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.; Directorate of	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of health, population, and nutrition Periodical, Abbrev. J.Health Popul.Nutr. Pub Date Free Form 24-Jul Volume 33 Issue Start Page 7 Other Pages 015-0021-1 Notes JID: 100959228; 2015/05/29 [received]; 2015/06/26 [accepted]; 2015/07/24 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication Bangladesh ISSN/ISBN 2072-1315; 1606-0997 Accession Number PMID: 26825056 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1186/s41043-015-0021-1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26825056 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cholera continues to remain endemic in over 50 countries and has caused large epidemics with around 3-5 million cases occurring every year in Asia alone. In India, cholera is endemic in many states. However, etiological information and age-specific incidence related to cholera outbreaks is limited. In November 2013, district authorities reported a cluster of diarrheal disease among residents of Medipally to the state surveillance unit. We investigated this cluster to confirm its etiology, describe its magnitude, identify potential risk factors, and make recommendations for control. FINDINGS: A house-to-house active search was conducted to identify cases of acute diarrhea and collect information on drinking water source. Drinking water samples were collected from common water sources and sampled households to test for bacteriological quality. Ten stool samples were collected for culture. A matched case-control study was conducted to identify the risk factors. A total of 138 case-patients of diarrhea (Attack rate: 11.5/100; POPULATION: 15 1,200) and 1 death (Case Fatality Ratio: 0.72/100) were identified. Five of the 10 stool samples were culture positive for V. cholerae, serogroup O1 El Tor. Drinking water from the overhead tank [Adjusted OR (AOR): 31.94, 95% CI: 7.3-139.5] was associated with risk of developing illness. CONCLUSIONS: This outbreak affected nearly 11% of the village population and was due to contamination of the main drinking water source. Outbreaks such as this can be prevented by constructing the drain away from the water pipelines and by monitoring regular chlorination of drinking water source and inspection of pipelines for damage. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Uthappa,C.K., Allam,R.R., Nalini,C., Gunti,D., Udaragudi,P.R., Tadi,G.P., Murhekar,M.V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150724 PMCID Editors

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