WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Nouveaux modes de consommation du tabac et de la nicotine	2009		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Rev Med Suisse Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue 210 Start Page 1457 Other Pages 61 Notes ID: 19634531 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language fr SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract New ways of consuming tobacco or nicotine have recently been developed attracting smokers not only because of their novelty but also because they hope that it will decrease their health risks or will help them in smoking banned places. The objective of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge concerning the waterpipe, oral tobacco, nasal snuff, the electronic cigarette and tobacco heating devices. Although some products seem less harmful than cigarettes, we cannot encourage people to use them because we still do not have sufficient scientific data regarding their safety. Moreover, most of these products are addictive and we still do not know if they will play a role in harm reduction. Descriptors Ganglionic Stimulants/administration & dosage, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Smoking, Tobacco, Humans Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-19634531 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Jacot Sadowski,Isabelle, Cornuz,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Secondhand tobacco smoke concentrations in motor vehicles: a pilot study	2009	Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Office W7033B, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 399 Other Pages 404 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2009/08/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 19706642 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2009.029942 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19706642 Abstract CONTEXT: Motor vehicles represent important microenvironments for exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). While some countries and cities have banned smoking in cars with children present, more data are needed to develop the evidence base on SHS exposure levels in motor vehicles to inform policy and education practices aimed at supporting smoke-free motor vehicles when passengers are present. OBJECTIVE: To assess exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke in motor vehicles using passive airborne nicotine samplers. METHODS: 17 smokers and five non-smokers who commute to and from work in their own vehicle participated. Two passive airborne nicotine samplers were placed in each vehicle for a 24-hour period, one at the front passenger seat headrest and the other in the back seat behind the driver. At the end of the sampling period, airborne nicotine was analysed by gas chromatography. RESULTS: Median (IQR) air nicotine concentrations in smokers' vehicles were 9.6 mug/m(3) (5.3-25.5) compared to non-detectable concentrations in non-smokers' vehicles. After adjustment for vehicle size, window opening, air conditioning and sampling time, there was a 1.96-fold increase (95% CI 1.43 to 2.67) in air nicotine concentrations per cigarette smoked. CONCLUSIONS: Air nicotine concentrations in motor vehicles were much higher than air nicotine concentrations generally measured in public or private indoor places, and even higher than concentrations measured in restaurants and bars. These high levels of exposure to SHS support the need for education measures and legislation that regulate smoking in motor vehicles when passengers, especially children, are present. Descriptors Adult, Air Pollutants/analysis, Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data, Educational Status, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Vehicles, Nicotine/analysis, Pilot Projects, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jones,M. R., Navas-Acien,A., Yuan,J., Breysse,P. N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090825 PMCID Editors
(E)-4-Meth-oxy-2-[3-(trifluoro-meth-yl)phenyl-imino-meth-yl]phenol	2009		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 28-Nov Volume 65 Issue Pt 12 Start Page o3245 Other Pages 6 Notes LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC2971825; 2009/11/05 [received]; 2009/11/23 [accepted]; 2009/11/28 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 21578946 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S160053680905034X [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21578946 Abstract The title compound, C(15)H(12)F(3)NO(2), adopts the phenol-imine tautomeric form, with the H atom attached to oxygen rather than to nitro-gen. There are two independent mol-ecules aligned nearly parallel in the asymmetric unit with their trifloramethyl groups pointing in opposite directions. The dihedral angles between the aromatic rings are 40.43 (1) degrees in the first mol-ecule and 36.12 (1) degrees in the second. Strong intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonding generates S(6) ring motifs. Weak inter-molecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds link the independent mol-ecules separately into sheets normal to [010]. In addition, C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredpi inter-actions are also observed. The F atoms of the trifluoro-methyl groups are disordered over two sets of sites with refined site occupancies of 0.59 (2)/0.41 (2) and 0.62 (3)/0.38 (3), respectively. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kelesoglu,Z., Buyukgungor,O., Albayrak,C., Odabasoglu,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20091128 PMCID PMC2971825 Editors
Tobacco use among Palestine refugee students (UNRWA) aged 13-15	2009		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 49 Issue 3-Feb Start Page 224 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 19520108 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) has made tobacco use prevention a primary health issue. UNRWA provides education, health, relief and social services in five fields of operation: Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Gaza Strip and the West Bank. The purpose of this paper is to compare tobacco use among Palestine refugee students and students in the general population of the five fields of operation. METHODS: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data were collected from representative samples of students in UNRWA schools in each of the five fields of operation in 2008. For comparison, previous data are included from GYTS conducted in Gaza Strip, Lebanon, and the West Bank (2005) and in Jordan and Syria (2007). Data are presented for three groups of students: refugees attending schools within and outside the camps and non-refugee students in the general population. RESULTS: In each of the five fields of operation, there was no difference in current cigarette smoking, current use of shisha, or susceptibility to initiate smoking among the three groups of students. Cigarette smoking and susceptibility was lowest in the Gaza Strip and highest in the West Bank; shisha use was lowest in the Gaza Strip but over 30% in Lebanon, Syria, and the West Bank. Exposure to secondhand smoke in public places was greater than 60% in almost all sites. Exposure to indirect advertising was almost 10%. CONCLUSIONS: The similarity in tobacco use among the three groups of students suggests that a coordinated plan between the UNRWA and the governmental authority could be most beneficial in reducing the burden of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Descriptors Arabs/psychology, Refugees/psychology, Smoking/ethnology, Students/psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder/ethnology, Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle East/epidemiology, Risk Factors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.001 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Khader,Ali, Shaheen,Youssef, Turki,Yassir, el Awa,Fatimah, Fouad,Heba, Warren,Charles W., Jones,Nathan R., Lea,Veronica, Lee,Juliette Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Indoor air pollution levels in public buildings in Thailand and exposure assessment	2009	Environmental Engineering and Technology, School of Environment Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Phatumthani 12120, Thailand.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental monitoring and assessment Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Monit.Assess. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 156 Issue 4-Jan Start Page 581 Other Pages 594 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8508350; 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Xylenes); 0UZA3422Q4 (Sulfur Dioxide); 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); 2008/0 Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1573-2959; 0167-6369 Accession Number PMID: 18712485 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s10661-008-0507-z [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18712485 Abstract Levels of pollutants including PM2.5 and PM2.5 composition (black carbon and water soluble ions), SO(2), NO(2), CO, CO(2), and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) were monitored for indoor and outdoor air at a university campus and a shopping center, both located in the Northern suburb of Bangkok. Sampling was done during December 2005-February 2006 on both weekdays and weekends. At the university, indoor monitoring was done in two different air conditioned classrooms which shows the I/O ratios for all pollutants to be below 0.5-0.8 during the weekends. However, on weekdays the ratios for CO(2) and most detected BTEX were above 1.0. The concept of classroom occupancy was defined using a function of the student number in a lecture hour and the number of lecture hours per day. Classroom 2, which had a higher occupancy than classroom 1, was characterized by higher concentrations of most pollutants. PM2.5 was an exception and was higher in classroom 1 (37 microg/m(3), weekdays) as compared to classroom 2 (26 microg/m(3), weekdays) which was likely linked to the dust resuspension from the carpeted floor in the former. Monitoring was also done in the shopping mall at three different sites. Indoor pollutants levels and the I/O ratios at the shopping mall were higher than at the university. Levels of all pollutants measured at the car park, except for toluene and CO(2), were the highest. I/O ratios of the pollutants at the mall were above 1.0, which indicates the relatively higher influence of the indoor sources. However, the black carbon content in PM2.5 outdoor is higher than indoor, which suggest the important contribution from outdoor combustion sources such as the traffic. Major sources of outdoor air pollution in the areas were briefly discussed. Exposure modeling was applied using the time activity and measured pollutant concentrations to assess the exposure of different groups of people in the study areas. High exposure to PM2.5, especially for the people working in the mall, should be of health effect concern. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Carbon Dioxide/analysis, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Humans, Particulate Matter/analysis, Public Facilities, Sulfur Dioxide/analysis, Thailand, Toluene/analysis, Xylenes/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Klinmalee,A., Srimongkol,K., Kim Oanh,N. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080819 PMCID Editors
3,3,6,6-Tetrakis-(hydroxy-meth-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetra-zinane tetra-hydrate	2009		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 4-Nov Volume 65 Issue Pt 12 Start Page o2988 Other Pages Notes LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC2971896; 2009/10/28 [received]; 2009/10/29 [accepted]; 2009/11/04 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 21578728 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536809045590 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21578728 Abstract In the title compound, C(6)H(16)N(4)O(4).4H(2)O, the tetra-zinane mol-ecule lies across an inversion centre. The tetra-zinane ring adopts a chair conformation, and all imino H atoms occupy axial positions. In the crystal, adjacent mol-ecules are linked through O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN and N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds with water mol-ecules generating a three-dimensional network. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kongsutjarit,S., Thamyongkit,P., Muangsin,N., Chaichit,N., Petsom,A., Ng,S. W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20091104 PMCID PMC2971896 Editors
Global air monitoring study: a multi-country comparison of levels of indoor air pollution in different workplaces	2009	Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore. dsokhn@nccs.com.sg	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Acad.Med.Singapore Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 38 Issue 3 Start Page 202 Other Pages 206 Notes GR: P50 CA111236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7503289; ppublish Place of Publication Singapore ISSN/ISBN 0304-4602; 0304-4602 Accession Number PMID: 19347072 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19347072 Abstract INTRODUCTION: A local study completed in Singapore, which was part of an international multi-country study that aims to develop a global assessment of exposure to second-hand smoke in indoor workplaces, gathered data regarding the indoor air quality of public areas. It was hypothesised that air would be less polluted in non-smoking venues compared to places where smoking occurred. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A TSI SidePak AM510 Personal Aerosol Monitor was used to sample and record the levels of respirable suspended particles (RSP) in the air. A broad range of venues were sampled in Singapore. The primary goal of data analysis was to assess the difference in the average levels of RSP in smoke-free and non smoke-free venues. Data was assessed at 3 levels: (a) the mean RSP across all venues sampled compared with the mean levels of smoke-free and non smoke-free venues, (b) levels in venues where smoking occurred compared with similar venues in Ireland, and (c) comparison between smoke-free and non smoke-free areas according to the type of venue. Statistical significance was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: The level of indoor air pollution was 96% lower in smoke-free venues compared to non smoke-free venues. Averaged across each type of venue, the lowest levels of indoor air pollution were found in restaurants (17 microg/m3) and the highest in bars (622 microg/m3); both well above the US EPA Air Quality Index hazardous level of >or=251 ug/m3. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that workers and patrons are exposed to harmful levels of a known carcinogen and toxin. Policies that prohibit smoking in public areas dramatically reduce exposure and improve worker and patron health. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Environmental Monitoring, Ireland, Restaurants, Singapore, Smoking, Workplace Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Koong,H. N., Khoo,D., Higbee,C., Travers,M., Hyland,A., Cummings,K. M., Dresler,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The relation between coronary lesion distribution and risk factors in young adults	2009	Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Anadolu kardiyoloji dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian journal of cardiology Periodical, Abbrev. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 9 Issue 2 Start Page 91 Other Pages 95 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 101095069; 0 (Lipoprotein(a)); 0LVT1QZ0BA (Homocysteine); ppublish Place of Publication Turkey ISSN/ISBN 1308-0032; 1302-8723 Accession Number PMID: 19357049 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19357049 Abstract OBJECTIVE: In this cross-sectional, case-controlled study, we aimed to evaluate classical and novel risk factors in young patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and the relation between coronary risk factors and coronary lesion distribution. METHODS: Fifty-three patients under age of 45 years with severe coronary artery stenosis on angiography (group A) and age matched sixty patients having normal or non-critical stenosis on coronary angiography (group B) comprised the study groups. Conventional (smoking, family history, diabetes, hypertension) and novel risk factors (lipoprotein (a), homocysteine) were compared between the groups. Moreover, the relation between risk factors, and coronary lesions distribution, including left main artery (LMA) or proximal or mid left anterior descending (LAD) artery and remaining coronary lesions was investigated. Logistic regression analysis was used to define confounding factors predicting severe CAD and coronary lesion distribution and ROC curve analysis was performed to determine the cut-off value of independent factors, which were assessed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Smoking was more prevalent in group A compared to group B. Lipoprotein (a) and homocysteine levels were also higher in group A than group B. For group A and B median (max-min) values of lipoprotein (a) were 34 (2-174) mg/dl and 38 (2-203) mg/dl (p=0.038), respectively and homocysteine levels were 12.3 (5-56.6) micromol/L and 9 (1.4-19) micromol/L (p=0.012), respectively. Smoking and homocysteine were independent predictors of severe CAD in young patients according to logistic regression analysis with an Odds ratio of 3.7 (95% CI=1.572-8.763; p=0.002) and 1.2 (95% CI=1.045-1.341; p=0.008), respectively. For predicting significant CAD the cut-off value of homocysteine was 11.6 micromol/L with a sensitivity and specificity of 53% and 77%, respectively (AUC=0.637; 95% CI=0.542-0.725; p=0.008). Within group analysis in group A patients revealed that only homocysteine was an independent predictor of LMA or proximal or mid-LAD lesion presence with an odds ratio of 1.2 (95% CI=1.011-1.465; p=0.016). ROC curve analysis revealed a cut-off value of 12 micromol/L in predicting LMA or proximal or mid-LAD lesions with a sensitivity and specificity of 65% and 91%, respectively (AUC=0.735; 95% CI=0.594-0.850; p=0.002). CONCLUSION: In our study, we found that young patients with severe CAD had different risk profile with higher frequency of smoking and increased levels of lipoprotein (a) and homocysteine. While smoking status and homocysteine may be used for prediction of severe CAD in young individuals, only homocysteine predicted coronary lesion distribution in LMA and proximal or mid-LAD. Descriptors Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/mortality/radiography, Case-Control Studies, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Stenosis/radiography, Coronary Vessels/pathology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Homocysteine/blood, Humans, Lipoprotein(a)/blood, Logistic Models, Male, ROC Curve, Risk Factors, Smoking/adverse effects/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Koz,C., Celebi,H., Yokusoglu,M., Baysan,O., Hasimi,A., Serdaroglu,M., Uzun,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Indoor concentrations of nicotine in low-income, multi-unit housing: associations with smoking behaviours and housing characteristics	2009	Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 18 Issue 6 Start Page 438 Other Pages 444 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: 1 R01 CA111310-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2009/08/13 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 19679890 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2009.029728 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19679890 Abstract OBJECTIVE: An analysis of airborne nicotine measurements collected in 49 low-income, multi-unit residences across the Greater Boston Area. METHODS: Nicotine concentrations were determined using passive monitors placed in homes over a one-week sampling period and air exchange rates (AER) were sampled using the perfluorocarbon tracer technique. Residents were surveyed through a questionnaire about smoking behaviour and a visual inspection was conducted to collect information on housing characteristics contributing to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. Using a mass balance model to account for the air exchange rate, volume of the home and sorption and re-emission of nicotine on indoor surfaces, the effective smoking rate (SR(eff)) was determined for each residence. RESULTS: Nicotine levels ranged from the limit of detection to 26.92 microg/m(3), with a mean of 2.20 microg/m(3) and median of 0.13 microg/m(3). Nicotine measurements were significantly associated with the number of smokers in the household and the number of cigarettes smoked in the home. The results of this study suggest that questionnaire reports can provide a valid estimate of residential exposure to tobacco smoke. In addition, this study found evidence that tobacco smoke contamination in low-income housing developments is not limited to homes with smokers (either residing in the home or visiting). The frequent report of tobacco smoke odour coming from other apartments or hallways resulted in increased levels of nicotine concentrations and SR(eff) in non-smoking homes, suggestive of SHS infiltration from neighbouring units. CONCLUSION: These findings have important implications for smoking regulations in multi-unit homes and highlight the need to reduce involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke among low-income housing residents. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Boston/epidemiology, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Epidemiological Monitoring, Female, Housing/statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/analysis, Poverty Areas, Smoking/epidemiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kraev,T. A., Adamkiewicz,G., Hammond,S. K., Spengler,J. D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090813 PMCID Editors
Cigarette smoking and the risk of Barrett's esophagus	2009	Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA. ai.kubo@kp.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer causes & control : CCC Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer Causes Control Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 20 Issue 3 Start Page 303 Other Pages 311 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: F32 DK081271/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: K08 DK 002697/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: K08 DK002697/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: K08 DK002697-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DK 63616/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1573-7225; 0957-5243 Accession Number PMID: 18853262 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1007/s10552-008-9244-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18853262 Abstract INTRODUCTION: We examined the association between smoking and the risk of Barrett's esophagus (BE), a metaplastic precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population. Patients with a new diagnosis of BE (n = 320) were matched to persons with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (n = 316) and to population controls (n = 317). Information was collected using validated questionnaires from direct in-person interviews and electronic databases. Analyses used multivariate unconditional logistic regression that controlled for age, gender, race, and education. RESULTS: Ever smoking status, smoking intensity (pack-years), and smoking cessation were not associated with the risk of BE. Stratified analyses suggested that ever smoking may be associated with an increased risk of BE among some groups (compared to population controls): persons with long-segment Barrett's esophagus (odds ratio [OR] = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-2.63); subjects without GERD symptoms (OR = 3.98, 95% CI 1.58-10.0); obese subjects (OR = 3.38, 95% CI 1.46-7.82); and persons with a large abdominal circumference (OR = 3.02, 95% CI (1.18-2.75)). CONCLUSION: Smoking was not a strong or consistent risk factor for BE in a large community-based study, although associations may be present in some population subgroups. Descriptors Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology, Body Mass Index, California/epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, Confidence Intervals, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Databases, Factual, Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology, Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology, Geography, Humans, Incidence, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Obesity/complications, Odds Ratio, Precancerous Conditions/complications, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Factors, Smoking/adverse effects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kubo,A., Levin,T. R., Block,G., Rumore,G., Quesenberry,C. P.,Jr, Buffler,P., Corley,D. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20081014 PMCID PMC2649684 Editors

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