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Comparison of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among pupils in the urban area of Sousse, Tunisia. Tunis Med. 2010 Jul; 88(7):470-3.(Letter to editor). Pro 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tunis Med
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tunis.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
89
Issue
5
Start Page
505
Other Pages
6
Notes
ID: 21557194
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data, Bias (Epidemiology), Humans, Tobacco/chemistry, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tunisia/epidemiology, World Health Organization
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21557194
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ben Saad,Helmi, Chaouachi,Kamal
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Is concern about waterpipe tobacco smoking warranted? 2008
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Aust N Z J Public Health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Aust.N.Z.J.Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
32
Issue
2
Start Page
181
Other Pages
2
Notes
ID: 18412692
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Health Promotion, Smoking, Social Marketing, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New South Wales
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00198.x
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Carroll,Therese, Poder,Natasha, Perusco,Andrew
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
A critique of the WHO TobReg's "Advisory Note" report entitled: "Waterpipe tobacco smoking: Health effects, research needs and recommended actions by regulators" 2006 Chaouachi, K., Department of Tobacco Control, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Negat.Results Biomed.
Pub Date Free Form
2006/11
Volume
5
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1477-5751; 1477-5751
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Background and aim: The World Health Organisation Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation (TobReg) has issued in 2005 an "Advisory Note" entitled: "Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking: Health Effects, Research Needs and Recommended Actions by Regulators". "Waterpipe" smoking is now considered a global public health threat and the corresponding artefact is actually known in the world under three main terms: hookah, narghile and shisha. This important report, the first ever prepared by WHO on the subject, poses two major problems. On one hand, its bibliographical references dismiss world chief relevant studies. On the other, it contains a certain number of errors of many orders: biomedical, sociological, anthropological and historical. The purpose of the present study is to highlight, one by one, where these weaknesses and errors lie and show how this official report can be considerably improved. Results: We realise that widely advertised early anthropological studies were not taken into consideration whereas they shed a substantial light on this peculiar form of smoking and help understanding its high complexity. As for concrete errors to be found in this report, they deal with the chemistry of smoke, health-related effects, smoking patterns, description and history of the artefact and its use, gender and underage use aspects, prevention and research needs in this field. Conclusion: The scientific credibility of an international expert report may be at stake if its recommendations do not rely on sound objective research findings and a comprehensive review of the existing literature. The critical comments in this study will certainly help improve the present WHO report. © 2006 Chaouachi; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Descriptors
nicotine, tar, analytical error, health hazard, human, infection, medical research, needs assessment, review, smoking, tobacco, world health organization
Links
Book Title
Database
Embase; MEDLINE
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Chaouachi,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
http://www.jnrbm.com/content/pdf/1477-5751-5-17.pdf
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe tobacco smoking and cigarette smoking: a direct comparison of toxicant exposure and subjective effects 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine Tob Res
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
13
Issue
2
Start Page
78
Other Pages
87
Notes
ID: 21127030
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing worldwide and is believed by many users to be less harmful and addictive than cigarette smoking. In fact, waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoke contain many of the same chemicals, and users are exposed to the dependence-producing drug nicotine as well as other smoke toxicants. The subjective effect profile of these 2 tobacco use methods has not been compared directly, though this information is relevant to understanding the risk of dependence development. METHODS: Fifty-four participants who reported waterpipe and cigarette smoking completed 2, 45-min, counter-balanced sessions in which they completed a waterpipe use episode (mean smoking time = 43.3 min) or a cigarette (mean = 6.1 min). Outcome measures included plasma nicotine, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), and subjective effects, including those relevant to predicting dependence potential. RESULTS: Mean (±SEM) peak plasma nicotine concentration did not differ by session (waterpipe = 9.8 ± 1.0 ng/ml; cigarette = 9.4 ± 1.0 ng/ml). Mean peak COHb concentration differed significantly (waterpipe = 4.5% ± 0.3%; cigarette = 1.2% ± 0.1%). Subjective effect changes for waterpipe and cigarette were comparable in magnitude but often longer lived for waterpipe. CONCLUSIONS: Relative to a cigarette, waterpipe tobacco smoking was associated with similar peak nicotine exposure, 3.75-fold greater COHb, and 56-fold greater inhaled smoke volume. Waterpipe and cigarette influenced many of the same subjective effect measures. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that waterpipe tobacco smoking presents substantial risk of dependence, disease, and death, and they can be incorporated into prevention interventions that might help deter more adolescents and young adults from experimenting with an almost certainly lethal method of tobacco use.
Descriptors
Carboxyhemoglobin/analysis, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Nicotine/analysis, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Tobacco Use Disorder/psychology, Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Questionnaires, Water, Young Adult
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107609/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntq212
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cobb,Caroline O., Shihadeh,Alan, Weaver,Michael F., Eissenberg,Thomas
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Asbestos fiber in drinking water using asbestos cement waterpipes 1985 'Pippins' Altwood Close, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 4PP
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Periodical, Abbrev.
GAS WASSER WARME
Pub Date Free Form
1985/
Volume
39
Issue
7
Start Page
248
Other Pages
252
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
asbestos, drinking water, nonhuman, tube
Links
Book Title
ASBESTFASERN IM TRINKWASSER UNTER BESONDERER BERUCKSICHTIGUNG DER VERWENDUNG VON ASBESTZEMENTROHREN
Database
Embase
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Commins,B. T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking: direct comparison of toxicant exposure 2009
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Am J Prev Med
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
37
Issue
6
Start Page
518
Other Pages
23
Notes
ID: 19944918
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Waterpipe (hookah, shisha) tobacco smoking has spread worldwide. Many waterpipe smokers believe that, relative to cigarettes, waterpipes are associated with lower smoke toxicant levels and fewer health risks. For physicians to address these beliefs credibly, waterpipe use and cigarette smoking must be compared directly. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide the first controlled, direct laboratory comparison of the toxicant exposure associated with waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking. METHODS: Participants (N=31; M=21.4 years, SD=2.3) reporting monthly waterpipe use (M=5.2 uses/month, SD=4.0) and weekly cigarette smoking (M=9.9 cigarettes/day, SD=6.4) completed a crossover study in which they each smoked a waterpipe for a maximum of 45 minutes, or a single cigarette. Outcome measures included expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) 5 minutes after session's end, and blood carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), plasma nicotine, heart rate, and puff topography. Data were collected in 2008-2009 and analyzed in 2009. RESULTS: On average, CO increased by 23.9 ppm for waterpipe use (SD=19.8) and 2.7 ppm for cigarette smoking (SD=1.8), while peak waterpipe COHb levels (M=3.9%, SD=2.5) were three times those observed for cigarette smoking (M=1.3%, SD=0.5; p's<0.001). Peak nicotine levels did not differ (waterpipe M=10.2 ng/mL, SD=7.0; cigarette M=10.6 ng/mL, SD=7.7). Significant heart rate increases relative to pre-smoking were observed at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 35 minutes during the cigarette session and at 5-minute intervals during the waterpipe session (p's<0.001). Mean total puff volume was 48.6 L for waterpipe use as compared to 1.0 L for cigarette smoking (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Relative to cigarette smoking, waterpipe use is associated with greater CO, similar nicotine, and dramatically more smoke exposure. Physicians should consider advising their patients that waterpipe tobacco smoking exposes them to some of the same toxicants as cigarette smoking and therefore the two tobacco-smoking methods likely share some of the same health risks.
Descriptors
Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Over Studies, Equipment Design, Humans, Middle Aged, Virginia, Water, Young Adult
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2805076/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.07.014
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Eissenberg,Thomas, Shihadeh,Alan
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Exhaled carbon monoxide with waterpipe use in US students 2008
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
JAMA
Periodical, Abbrev.
JAMA
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
299
Issue
1
Start Page
36
Other Pages
8
Notes
ID: 18167404
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Exhalation, Smoking/trends, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Adolescent, Adult, Charcoal, Female, Humans, Inhalation, Male, Smoking/adverse effects, Students, United States
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2007.6
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
El-Nachef,Wael, Hammond,S. K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Genotoxic effects of waterpipe smoking on the buccal mucosa cells 2008
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Mutat Res
Periodical, Abbrev.
Mutat.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
655
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
36
Other Pages
40
Notes
ID: 18662802
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Waterpipe smoking is popular in many parts of the world. Micronuclei (MN) evaluation in the exfoliated oral cells of smokers is a non-invasive technique for evaluation of possible tobacco harm. We aimed to assess whether MN levels are higher in waterpipe smokers than in never smokers. We examined oral smears of 128 adult male waterpipe smokers and 78 males who never smoked tobacco in rural Egypt. The total number of MN per 1000 cells per subject, and the number of MN-containing cells per individual were compared. We observed a higher level of total MN in waterpipe smokers (10 +/- 4) than in never smokers (4 +/- 2, p < 0.001). A similar difference was found for the mean number of affected cells per individual (8 +/- 3 vs. 4 +/- 1.62, p < 0.001). MN levels were not significantly dose related. This study is among the first to assess the association between waterpipe smoking and a cytogenetic measure of tobacco harm. The twofold increase in MN level is consistent with previous reports of MN in cigarette smokers. More research is needed to determine if such MN levels are predictive of future health consequences.
Descriptors
Mouth Mucosa/drug effects, Mutagens/toxicity, Smoking/adverse effects, Water, Adult, Age Factors, Demography, Humans, Male, Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/chemically induced, Middle Aged
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3568951/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.06.014
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
El-Setouhy,Maged, Loffredo,Christopher A., Radwan,Ghada, Abdel Rahman,Rehab, Mahfouz,Eman, Israel,Ebenezer, Mohamed,Mostafa K., Ayyad,Sohair B. A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe (hookah) tobacco smoking among youth. Foreword 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
41
Issue
2
Start Page
33
Other Pages
33
Notes
ID: 21232692
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Humans, Public Health, Risk Factors, United States/epidemiology
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2010.10.019
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Etzel,Ruth A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe smoking among health sciences university students in Iran: perceptions, practices and patterns of use 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC Res Notes
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
4
Issue
Start Page
496
Other Pages
496
Notes
ID: 22087840
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In recent years waterpipe smoking has become a popular practice amongst young adults in eastern Mediterranean countries, including Iran. The aim of this study was to assess waterpipe smoking perceptions and practices among first-year health sciences university students in Iran and to identify factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of waterpipe use in this population. RESULTS: Out of 371 first-year health sciences students surveyed, 358 eight students completed a self-administered questionnaire in the classrooms describing their use and perceptions towards waterpipe smoking. Two hundred and ninety six responders met study inclusion criteria. Waterpipe smoking was common among first-year health sciences university students, with 51% of students indicating they were current waterpipe smokers. Women were smoking waterpipes almost as frequently as men (48% versus 52%, respectively). The majority of waterpipe smokers (75.5%) indicated that the fun and social aspect of waterpipe use was the main motivating factor for them to continue smoking. Of waterpipe smokers, 55.3% were occasional smokers, using waterpipes once a month or less, while 44.7% were frequent smokers, using waterpipes more than once a month. A large number of frequent waterpipe smokers perceived that waterpipe smoking was a healthier way to use tobacco (40.6%) while only 20.6% thought it was addictive. Compared to occasional smokers, significantly more frequent smokers reported waterpipe smoking was relaxing (62.5% vs. 26.2%, p = 0.002), energizing (48.5% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.001), a part of their culture (58.8% vs. 34.1%, p = 0.04), and the healthiest way to use tobacco (40.6% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Social and recreational use of waterpipes is widespread among first-year health sciences university students in Iran. Women and men were almost equally likely to be current waterpipe users. Public health initiatives to combat the increasing use of waterpipes among university students in Iran must consider the equal gender distribution and its perception by many waterpipe smokers as being a healthier and non-addictive way to use tobacco.
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279519/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-496
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ghafouri,Nasim, Hirsch,Jan D., Heydari,Gholamreza, Morello,Candis M., Kuo,Grace M., Singh,Renu F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors