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Comparison of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among pupils in the urban area of Sousse, Tunisia. Tunis Med. 2010 Jul; 88(7):470-3.(Letter to editor). Pro 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tunis Med
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tunis.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
89
Issue
5
Start Page
505
Other Pages
6
Notes
ID: 21557194
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data, Bias (Epidemiology), Humans, Tobacco/chemistry, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tunisia/epidemiology, World Health Organization
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21557194
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ben Saad,Helmi, Chaouachi,Kamal
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe tobacco smoking and cigarette smoking: a direct comparison of toxicant exposure and subjective effects 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine Tob Res
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
13
Issue
2
Start Page
78
Other Pages
87
Notes
ID: 21127030
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing worldwide and is believed by many users to be less harmful and addictive than cigarette smoking. In fact, waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoke contain many of the same chemicals, and users are exposed to the dependence-producing drug nicotine as well as other smoke toxicants. The subjective effect profile of these 2 tobacco use methods has not been compared directly, though this information is relevant to understanding the risk of dependence development. METHODS: Fifty-four participants who reported waterpipe and cigarette smoking completed 2, 45-min, counter-balanced sessions in which they completed a waterpipe use episode (mean smoking time = 43.3 min) or a cigarette (mean = 6.1 min). Outcome measures included plasma nicotine, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), and subjective effects, including those relevant to predicting dependence potential. RESULTS: Mean (±SEM) peak plasma nicotine concentration did not differ by session (waterpipe = 9.8 ± 1.0 ng/ml; cigarette = 9.4 ± 1.0 ng/ml). Mean peak COHb concentration differed significantly (waterpipe = 4.5% ± 0.3%; cigarette = 1.2% ± 0.1%). Subjective effect changes for waterpipe and cigarette were comparable in magnitude but often longer lived for waterpipe. CONCLUSIONS: Relative to a cigarette, waterpipe tobacco smoking was associated with similar peak nicotine exposure, 3.75-fold greater COHb, and 56-fold greater inhaled smoke volume. Waterpipe and cigarette influenced many of the same subjective effect measures. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that waterpipe tobacco smoking presents substantial risk of dependence, disease, and death, and they can be incorporated into prevention interventions that might help deter more adolescents and young adults from experimenting with an almost certainly lethal method of tobacco use.
Descriptors
Carboxyhemoglobin/analysis, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Nicotine/analysis, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Tobacco Use Disorder/psychology, Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Questionnaires, Water, Young Adult
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107609/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntq212
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cobb,Caroline O., Shihadeh,Alan, Weaver,Michael F., Eissenberg,Thomas
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe (hookah) tobacco smoking among youth. Foreword 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
41
Issue
2
Start Page
33
Other Pages
33
Notes
ID: 21232692
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Humans, Public Health, Risk Factors, United States/epidemiology
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2010.10.019
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Etzel,Ruth A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Waterpipe smoking among health sciences university students in Iran: perceptions, practices and patterns of use 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC Res Notes
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
4
Issue
Start Page
496
Other Pages
496
Notes
ID: 22087840
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In recent years waterpipe smoking has become a popular practice amongst young adults in eastern Mediterranean countries, including Iran. The aim of this study was to assess waterpipe smoking perceptions and practices among first-year health sciences university students in Iran and to identify factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of waterpipe use in this population. RESULTS: Out of 371 first-year health sciences students surveyed, 358 eight students completed a self-administered questionnaire in the classrooms describing their use and perceptions towards waterpipe smoking. Two hundred and ninety six responders met study inclusion criteria. Waterpipe smoking was common among first-year health sciences university students, with 51% of students indicating they were current waterpipe smokers. Women were smoking waterpipes almost as frequently as men (48% versus 52%, respectively). The majority of waterpipe smokers (75.5%) indicated that the fun and social aspect of waterpipe use was the main motivating factor for them to continue smoking. Of waterpipe smokers, 55.3% were occasional smokers, using waterpipes once a month or less, while 44.7% were frequent smokers, using waterpipes more than once a month. A large number of frequent waterpipe smokers perceived that waterpipe smoking was a healthier way to use tobacco (40.6%) while only 20.6% thought it was addictive. Compared to occasional smokers, significantly more frequent smokers reported waterpipe smoking was relaxing (62.5% vs. 26.2%, p = 0.002), energizing (48.5% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.001), a part of their culture (58.8% vs. 34.1%, p = 0.04), and the healthiest way to use tobacco (40.6% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Social and recreational use of waterpipes is widespread among first-year health sciences university students in Iran. Women and men were almost equally likely to be current waterpipe users. Public health initiatives to combat the increasing use of waterpipes among university students in Iran must consider the equal gender distribution and its perception by many waterpipe smokers as being a healthier and non-addictive way to use tobacco.
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279519/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-496
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ghafouri,Nasim, Hirsch,Jan D., Heydari,Gholamreza, Morello,Candis M., Kuo,Grace M., Singh,Renu F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Comparison of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among pupils in the urban area of Sousse, Tunisia. Tunis Med. 2010 Jul; 88(7):470-3. (Reply). Con 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tunis Med
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tunis.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
89
Issue
5
Start Page
507
Other Pages
8
Notes
ID: 21557195
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data, Humans
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21557195
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Harrabi,I., Maaloul,J. M., Gaha,R., Kebaili,R., Maziak,W., Ghannem,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Emerging Trend of Waterpipe use in Saudi Arabia 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Int J Health Sci (Qassim)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
5
Issue
2
Start Page
V
Other Pages
VI
Notes
ID: 23267298
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521837/?tool=pubmed
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Naeem,Zahid
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Intention to smoke tobacco using a waterpipe among students in a southeastern U.S. College 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Public Health Nurs
Periodical, Abbrev.
Public Health Nurs.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
28
Issue
6
Start Page
494
Other Pages
502
Notes
ID: 22092459
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Guided by the Theory of Reasoned Action, this study examined the association of behavioral beliefs, attitudes, normative beliefs, and subjective norms with waterpipe tobacco smoking intention in college students. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: A cross-sectional design was used. A Web-based survey was sent to a random sample of 1,000 undergraduate students from a public institution in the southeast to recruit participants. MEASURES: The Theory of Reasoned Action Waterpipe Questionnaire, a modified version of the Fishbein-Ajzen-Hanson Questionnaire, was used to capture modal constructs of the Theory of Reasoned Action related to waterpipe use. Cronbach's α coefficients for the scales of the Theory of Reasoned Action Waterpipe Questionnaire ranged from .76 to .95. RESULTS: Of the sample (n=223), 13.5% currently smoked a waterpipe and 61% had ever done so. Using multiple regression, attitudes, behavioral beliefs, and subjective norms were associated with intention to smoke a waterpipe in the next 3 months and collectively explained 35% of the variance in intention. The full model, which included all the constructs of the Theory of Reasoned Action, demographic variables, and tobacco use variables, explained 83% of the variance in intention to smoke a waterpipe in the next 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable information that may be used to target students at risk for waterpipe smoking and serves as a starting point in developing theoretically driven interventions to prevent waterpipe smoking.
Descriptors
Intention, Smoking, Universities, Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Risk Reduction Behavior, Southeastern United States, United States, Water, Young Adult
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3319667/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00945.x
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Noonan,Devon, Kulbok,Pamela, Yan,Guofen
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Int J Public Health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
56
Issue
2
Start Page
175
Other Pages
80
Notes
ID: 20020176
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20-25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demographic factors as well as cigarette and ghelyan status, and perceived factors related to cigarette or ghelyan smoking initiation and maintenance were recorded. Principal component analysis was carried out to cluster perceived smoking initiation and maintenance factors. RESULT: In a multiple logistic regression model, perceived psychological factors were more significant to cigarette smoking initiation and maintenance than ghelyan smoking among girls (odds ratio, OR = 1.90; P < 0.04) although perceived psychological factors (OR = 2.20; P < 0.001) and social factors (OR = 2.42; P < 0.001) were more significant in cigarette smoking initiation than ghelyan smoking initiation among boys (OR = 2.42; P < 0.001). Moreover, study appears that in boys, perceived entertainment factors could play more significant role in ghelyan smoking initiation compared with cigarette smoking initiation (OR = 0.42; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Whereas the factors related to smoking initiation and maintenance are different in both genders and in both tobacco products, identification of cigarette and ghelyan smoking may guide policy makers to develop comprehensive interventions.
Descriptors
Health Behavior, Smoking/epidemiology, Students/psychology, Universities, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Iran, Male, Psychology, Sex Factors, Young Adult
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Roohafza,Hamidreza, Sadeghi,Masoumeh, Shahnam,Maryam, Bahonar,Ahmad, Sarafzadegan,Nizal
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Attitude of University Students towards Waterpipe Smoking: Study in Iran 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addict Health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
3
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
9
Other Pages
14
Notes
ID: 24494111
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco is consumed in various forms, and there has been an increasing trend worldwide in the use of waterpipe. This study aimed to assess the university students' attitudes towards waterpipe. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study; 1130 students randomly were selected from universities of Kerman, Iran. They were provided with a researcher-made questionnaire after obtaining the informed consent. The anonymous questionnaires were completed with ensuring about information confidentiality. In addition to the underlying questions, the questionnaires consisted of 10 attitude survey questions. Higher scores indicated more positive attitudes. FINDINGS: The obtained results indicated a significant difference of attitude of the students who were current or occasional smokers of waterpipe in comparison with the students who never smoked it towards addictiveness, social acceptance or rejection and its harmfulness; so that their attitudes were more positive (P < 0.05). Mean ± SD of attitude score of the students who never consumed waterpipe before, those who had the history of consuming it at least once and those who were current smokers were 1.40 ± 0.40, 1.50 ± 0.41 and 1.70 ± 0.43, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Waterpipe smoking was associated with false beliefs and positive attitudes among the students; therefore, the necessity of education and attitude changing is required in this regard.
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3905517/?tool=pubmed
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Sabahy,Abdol-Reza, Divsalar,Kouros, Nakhaee,Nouzar
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Analysis of primary aromatic amines in the mainstream waterpipe smoke using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry 2011
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
J Chromatogr A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
1218
Issue
33
Start Page
5628
Other Pages
37
Notes
ID: 21752381
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
In recent years waterpipe smoking has spread worldwide and emerged as global health issue. Yet only little is known on the composition of waterpipe smoke. Here, we present a study on the identification and quantification of primary aromatic amines (PAAs) in this complex environmental matrix. Smoking of the waterpipe was conducted with a smoking machine and particulate matter was collected on glass fiber pads. We developed a fast, simple and specific liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach to simultaneously detect 31 different PAAs in this matrix. The detection limits comprised a range of 0.45-4.50 ng per smoking session, represented by 2-aminobiphenyl and 3,4,5-trichloroaniline, respectively. Intra- and inter-day precision were determined and proved excellent. We detected 31.3 ± 2.2 ng aniline and 28.0 ± 1.6 ng 4,4'-oxydianiline in the smoke of one waterpipe session. The water in the bowl exerted a small but considerable filter effect on PAAs. The method worked-out showed excellent sensitivity and specificity and is thus highly suited for the determination of PAAs in mainstream waterpipe smoke.
Descriptors
Amines/analysis, Chromatography, Liquid/methods, Smoke/analysis, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods, Tobacco/chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.072
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Schubert,Jens, Kappenstein,Oliver, Luch,Andreas, Schulz,Thomas G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors