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Challenges to obtaining parental permission for child participation in a school-based waterpipe tobacco smoking prevention intervention in Qatar 2014 Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0237 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon. ra15@aub.edu.lb.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC medical ethics
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Med.Ethics
Pub Date Free Form
30-Sep
Volume
15
Issue
Start Page
70
Other Pages
6939-15-70
Notes
LR: 20141204; JID: 101088680; OID: NLM: PMC4254406; 2014/04/16 [received]; 2014/09/24 [accepted]; 2014/09/30 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1472-6939; 1472-6939
Accession Number
PMID: 25267351
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; E; IM
DOI
10.1186/1472-6939-15-70 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25267351
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Involving children in research studies requires obtaining parental permission. A school-based intervention to delay/prevent waterpipe use for 7th and 8th graders in Qatar was developed, and parental permission requested. Fifty three percent (2308/4314) of the parents returned permission forms; of those 19.5% of the total (840/4314) granted permission. This paper describes the challenges to obtaining parental permission. No research to date has described such challenges in the Arab world. METHODS: A random sample of 40 schools in Doha, Qatar was selected for inclusion in the original intervention. Permission forms were distributed to parents for approval of their child's participation. The permission forms requested that parents indicate their reasons for non-permission if they declined. These were categorized into themes. In order to understand reasons for non-permission, interviews with parents were conducted. Phone numbers of parents were requested from the school administration; 12 of the 40 schools (30%) agreed to provide the contact information. A random sample of 28 parents from 12 schools was interviewed to reach data saturation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze their responses. RESULTS: Reasons for non-permission documented in both the forms and interviews included: poor timing; lack of interest; the child not wanting to participate; and the child living in a smoke-free environment. Interviews provided information on important topics to include in the consent forms, parents' decision-making processes regarding their child's participation, and considerations for communicating with parents. Many parents also indicated that this was the first time they had been asked to give an informed consent for their child's participation in a study. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that more attention needs to be given to the informed parental consent process. Researchers should consider enhancing both the methods of communicating information as well the specific information provided. Before embarking on recruitment of children for studies, formative research on the parental consent process is suggested.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nakkash,R.T., Al Mulla,A., Torossian,L., Karhily,R., Shuayb,L., Mahfoud,Z.R., Janahi,I., Al Ansari,A.A., Afifi,R.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140930
PMCID
PMC4254406
Editors
Is waterpipe smoking becoming increasingly widespread among the youth? 2014 Department of Pediatric Nursing, Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, SakaryaUniversity, Sakarya, Turkey E-mail : ndede@sakarya.edu.tr.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP
Periodical, Abbrev.
Asian Pac.J.Cancer.Prev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
15
Issue
18
Start Page
8005
Other Pages
8006
Notes
JID: 101130625; ppublish
Place of Publication
Thailand
ISSN/ISBN
1513-7368; 1513-7368
Accession Number
PMID: 25292104
Language
eng
SubFile
Letter; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25292104
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cinar,N., Cakmak,V.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
The global epidemiology of waterpipe smoking 2015 Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria.; Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Florida In
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
24 Suppl 1
Issue
Start Page
i3
Other Pages
i12
Notes
LR: 20150423; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 25298368
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051903 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25298368
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: In the past decade, waterpipe smoking (a.k.a. hookah, shisha, narghile) has become a global phenomenon. In this review, we provide an updated picture of the main epidemiological trends in waterpipe smoking globally. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major biomedical databases between 2004 and 2014. Search keywords included a combination of: waterpipe, hookah, shisha along with epidemiology, patterns, prevalence and predictors. We also used different spellings of waterpipe terms commonly used. STUDY SELECTION: The focus was on studies with large representative samples, national data or high-quality reports that illuminated aspects of the epidemiology and trends in waterpipe smoking. DATA EXTRACTION: Multiple researchers extracted the data independently and collectively decided on the most important and pertinent studies to include in the review. DATA SYNTHESIS: Waterpipe smoking has become a global phenomenon among youth. The global waterpipe epidemic is likely driven by (1) the introduction of manufactured flavoured tobacco (Maassel); (2) the intersection between waterpipe's social dimension and thriving cafe culture; (3) the evolution of mass communication media; (4) the lack of regulatory/policy framework specific to the waterpipe. Waterpipe smoking is becoming the most popular tobacco use method among youth in the Middle East, and is quickly gaining popularity elsewhere. Important patterns of waterpipe smoking include the predominance among younger, male, high socioeconomic, and urban groups. Intermittent and social use are also noted patterns. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe smoking has become a global public health problem. Developing surveillance, intervention and regulatory/policy frameworks specific to the waterpipe has become a public health priority.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Maziak,W., Taleb,Z.B., Bahelah,R., Islam,F., Jaber,R., Auf,R., Salloum,R.G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141008
PMCID
PMC4345835
Editors
Waterpipes and electronic cigarettes: increasing prevalence and expanding science 2014 Center for Regulatory Research on Tobacco Communication, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina , 319D Rosenau Hall, CB #7400, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Chemical research in toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Chem.Res.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
18-Aug
Volume
27
Issue
8
Start Page
1336
Other Pages
1343
Notes
LR: 20160701; GR: P50 CA180907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50CA180907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8807448; 0 (Nitrosamines); OID: NLM: PMC4137989;
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1520-5010; 0893-228X
Accession Number
PMID: 25338174
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1021/tx500200j [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25338174
Abstract
The prevalence of non-cigarette tobacco product use is on the rise across the globe, especially for waterpipes (also known as hookah, narghile, and shisha) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). The scientific literature reveals that waterpipe tobacco smoking is associated with exposure to a variety of toxicants that can cause short- and long-term adverse health events. In contrast, there is far less evidence of health harms related to e-cigarette use, although the variety of products in this category makes it difficult to generalize. We searched the PubMed database for all publications on waterpipes and e-cigarettes from January 2000 to March 2014. The number of publications on waterpipes rose in a slow, linear pattern during this time, while the number of publications on e-cigarettes showed exponential growth. The different trends suggest there may be more interest in studying a novel nicotine product (the e-cigarette) over a traditional tobacco product (the waterpipe). We posit that, although the specific research needs for these products are different, public health would be served best by a more equitable research approach. Scientists should continue to devote attention to understanding the unknown long-term health effects of e-cigarettes and their potential to serve as harm reduction or smoking cessation tools while simultaneously investigating how to reduce waterpipe smoking given that it exposes users to toxicants known to cause harm to health. Recent regulatory action in the United States, which proposes to include waterpipes and e-cigarettes under some of the same regulations as tobacco cigarettes, makes such research particularly timely.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Pepper,J.K., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140804
PMCID
PMC4137989
Editors
Pattern of cigarette and waterpipe smoking in the adult population of Jordan 2014 Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Facu
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit
Periodical, Abbrev.
East.Mediterr.Health J.
Pub Date Free Form
12-Oct
Volume
20
Issue
9
Start Page
529
Other Pages
537
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9608387; 2013/12/30 [received]; 2014/04/14 [accepted]; epublish
Place of Publication
Egypt
ISSN/ISBN
1020-3397; 1020-3397
Accession Number
PMID: 25343465
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25343465
Abstract
An increasing prevalence of smoking in Jordan has been noted and this necessitates understanding the social behaviours that have lead to this habit. This cross-sectional, descriptive study determined the prevalence of smoking among Jordanians in relation to demographics with a focus on 4 types of tobacco products-cigarettes, waterpipes, cigars and pipes. A population sample of 3196 adults aged 18+ years answered an interview questionnaire about their smoking habit and types and amounts of tobacco consumed. Overall 32.3% of the respondents reported being current smokers (54.9% of males and 8.3% of females) and 2.9% were ex-smokers. Cigarette smoking was the most frequent type of tobacco smoking (93.0%) and one-third of cigarette smokers consumed more than 20 cigarettes per day. Waterpipe smoking was the second most common habit (8.6%) and was significantly associated with lower age in both males and females. Reducing the high rate of smoking in Jordan must be a priority.; Publisher: Abstract available from the publisher.; Publisher: Abstract available from the publisher.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jaghbir,M., Shreif,S., Ahram,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141012
PMCID
Editors
Secondhand smoke emission levels in waterpipe cafes in Doha, Qatar 2015 Tobacco Control Unit, Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Tobacco Control Unit, Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
24
Issue
e3
Start Page
e227
Other Pages
31
Notes
CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 9209612; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacc
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 25352562
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051717 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25352562
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exposure to the emissions of a tobacco waterpipe is associated with increased health risks among its users as well as those exposed to its secondhand smoke. Waterpipe use is an emerging concern to the tobacco control community, particularly among countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. In 2002, Qatar adopted legislation that prohibited cigarette smoking inside public venues, but exempted tobacco waterpipe smoking. To inform the development and enforcement of effective policy, the impact of cigarette and waterpipe use on indoor air quality was monitored in waterpipe cafes in Doha, Qatar. METHODS: Particulate matter (PM2.5) levels were measured inside and outside of a sample of 40 waterpipe cafes and 16 smoke-free venues in Doha, Qatar between July and October 2012. In addition, the number of waterpipes being smoked and the number of cigarette smokers were counted within each venue. Non-paired and paired sample t tests were used to assess differences in mean PM2.5 measurements between venue type (waterpipe vs smoke-free) and environment (indoor vs outdoor). RESULTS: The mean PM2.5 level inside waterpipe venues (476 mug/m(3)) was significantly higher than the mean PM2.5 level inside smoke-free venues (17 mug/m(3); p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Al Mulla,A., Fanous,N., Seidenberg,A.B., Rees,V.W.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141028
PMCID
Editors
Genotoxicity of waterpipe smoke in buccal cells and peripheral blood leukocytes as determined by comet assay 2014 Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia and.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Inhalation toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Inhal.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
26
Issue
14
Start Page
891
Other Pages
896
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 8910739; 0 (5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde); 0 (Benzaldehydes); 0 (Furans); 0 (Pyrones); 0 (Smoke); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); YC9ST449YJ (ethyl vanillin); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1091-7691; 0895-8378
Accession Number
PMID: 25357232
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3109/08958378.2014.970787 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25357232
Abstract
CONTEXT: Waterpipe smoke causes DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes and in buccal cells of smokers. OBJECTIVE: To determine the exposure effect of waterpipe smoke on buccal cells and peripheral blood leukocytes in regard to DNA damage using comet assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The waterpipe smoke condensates were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study was performed on 20 waterpipe smokers. To perform comet assay on bucaal cells of smokers, 10 microl of cell suspension was mixed with 85 microl of pre-warmed 1% low melting agarose, applied to comet slide and electrophoresed. To analyze the effect of smoke condensate in vitro, 1 ml of peripheral blood was mixed with 10 microl of smoke condensate and subjected for comet assay. RESULTS: The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4on, nicotine, hydroxymethyl furancarboxaldehyde and 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the smoke condensates. Waterpipe smoking caused DNA damage in vivo in buccal cells of smokers. The tail moment and tail length in buccal cells of smokers were 186 +/- 26 and 456 +/- 71, respectively, which are higher than control. The jurak and moassel smoke condensates were found to cause DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes. The moassel smoke condensate was more damaging. DISCUSSION: There is wide misconception that waterpipe smoking is not as harmful as cigarette smoking. This study demonstrated that waterpipe smoke induced DNA damage in exposed cells. CONCLUSION: Waterpipe smokes cause DNA damage in buccal cells. The smoke condensate of both jurak and moassel caused comet formation suggesting DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Al-Amrah,H.J., Aboznada,O.A., Alam,M.Z., ElAssouli,M.Z., Mujallid,M.I., ElAssouli,S.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141030
PMCID
Editors
Prevalence, social acceptance, and awareness of waterpipe smoking among dental university students: a cross sectional survey conducted in Jordan 2014 Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. saobeidat@just.edu.jo.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC research notes
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Res.Notes
Pub Date Free Form
24-Nov
Volume
7
Issue
Start Page
832
Other Pages
0500-7-832
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 101462768; OID: NLM: PMC4253988; 2014/07/01 [received]; 2014/11/18 [accepted]; 2014/11/24 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1756-0500; 1756-0500
Accession Number
PMID: 25421621
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1756-0500-7-832 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25421621
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in popularity especially among young adults. This spread could be related to limited knowledge of the negative health effects of waterpipe smoking. In this study, prevalence, social acceptance, and awareness of waterpipe smoking were examined among dental university students. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey study, where a self-administered questionnaire was completed by a sample of dental university students in Jordan. RESULTS: Students (n=547) reported current tobacco use of 54.3% for males versus 11.1% for females (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Obeidat,S.R., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Mahasneh,A.M., Bibars,A.R., Khader,Y.S., Alsa'di,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141124
PMCID
PMC4253988
Editors
Junior doctors and waterpipe tobacco smoking 2014 University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent.; University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent. E-mail: mohammedjawad@nhs.net.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners
Periodical, Abbrev.
Br.J.Gen.Pract.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
64
Issue
629
Start Page
617
Other Pages
618
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 9005323; CON: Br J Gen Pract. 2013 Mar;63(608):127. PMID: 23561766; OID: NLM: PMC4240128; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1478-5242; 0960-1643
Accession Number
PMID: 25452523
Language
eng
SubFile
Comment; Letter; IM
DOI
10.3399/bjgp14X682741 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25452523
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Packer,H.M., Jawad,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4240128
Editors
Double trouble: Exploring the association between waterpipe tobacco smoking and the nonmedical use of psychoactive prescription drugs among adolescents 2014 Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: leonazahlan@gmail.com.; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American U
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and alcohol dependence
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Dec
Volume
145
Issue
Start Page
217
Other Pages
223
Notes
LR: 20160208; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: 1R01HD060072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: UR008509/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; 0 (Prescription Drugs); 0 (Psychotropic Drugs); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/05/20 [received]; 2014/10/19 [revised]; 2014/10/20 [
Place of Publication
Ireland
ISSN/ISBN
1879-0046; 0376-8716
Accession Number
PMID: 25456333
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.10.020 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25456333
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In youth, both waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) and nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) are globally growing concerns. This study assesses for the first time the lifetime and past-year associations between WTS and four classes of psychoactive prescription drugs. METHODS: Cross-sectional data (2011) on 986 high school students attending public and private high schools in Beirut (Lebanon) was analyzed. Schools were selected using proportionate random cluster sampling from a comprehensive list of schools provided by the Ministry of Education. RESULTS: Almost half (46%) had tried WTS compared to 25% who had ever tried cigarettes. Lifetime prevalence estimates of NMUPD were: pain relievers (8.2%), sedatives/tranquilizers (5.6%), stimulants (3.5%), antidepressants (2.5%), and sleeping pills (2.3%). WTS was associated with increased odds of sedatives/tranquilizer use (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.25, 8.25), pain reliever use (OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 2.02, 9.17), and sleeping medication use (OR = 8.31, 95% CI: 2.37, 29.20), controlling for sex, age, school type, and other substance use. For cigarettes, the associations were consistently either weaker or non-existent, except with stimulant use (OR = 5.29, 95% CI: 1.55, 18.05). CONCLUSIONS: While public health professionals have watched with caution the global prevalence of youth cigarette use-worldwide, an insidious alternative form of tobacco use has grown. Further research is needed to understand the unique risk factors and motives associated with WTS and how these relate to NMUPD in order to inform the development of effective intervention programs and policies that support youth positive health decisions.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Zahlan,L., Ghandour,L., Yassin,N., Afifi,R., Martins,S.S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141028
PMCID
Editors