WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Parental smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke are associated with waterpipe smoking among youth: results from a national survey in Lebanon	2015	Department of Health Promotion and Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; Department of He	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Public health Periodical, Abbrev. Public Health Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 129 Issue 4 Start Page 370 Other Pages 376 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0376507; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/03/15 [received]; 2015/01/13 [revised]; 2015/01/16 [accepted]; 2015/03/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1476-5616; 0033-3506 Accession Number PMID: 25749674 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.01.011 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25749674 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is a growing public health concern worldwide yet little is known about the epidemiology of use among young people. The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence, patterns and correlates of WTS among students across Lebanon. STUDY DESIGN: The study design was a cross sectional survey. METHODS: 126-item tobacco questionnaire was conducted among 1128 sixth and seventh grade students across Lebanon. Current patterns of use were descriptively analysed, and logistic regression models examined correlates of WTS. RESULTS: Ever WTS prevalence was 44.3%, current WTS prevalence was triple that of cigarettes (22.1% vs 7.4%), and 40.0% of current users were at least weekly or daily smokers. Initiation and patterns of use, as well as addiction and cessation attitudes have been reported. Significant correlates of current WTS included older age, reduced religiosity, peer and parent tobacco use, recent waterpipe advertisement exposure, increased pluralistic ignorance and current cigarette use. Significant correlates of ever WTS were similar to current WTS, but included second hand waterpipe tobacco smoke exposure at home and did not include recent waterpipe advertisement exposure. Neither gender nor socio-economic status were significant correlates of current or ever WTS. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe is the most common form of tobacco smoking, and is used regularly, among sixth and seventh grade Lebanese students. It should be considered a public health priority with increased tobacco surveillance and legislation. Widespread educational and policy interventions might help denormalize the social acceptability of WTS. Meanwhile, more research is needed to understand the changing paradigm of WTS epidemiology and the health outcomes among young smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Jawad,M., Nakkash,R.T., Mahfoud,Z., Bteddini,D., Haddad,P., Afifi,R.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150303 PMCID Editors
Change in carbon monoxide exposure among waterpipe bar patrons	2014	Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL; mmartinasek@ut.edu.; Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN;; Public Health Intern, University of Tampa,	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 16 Issue 7 Start Page 1014 Other Pages 1019 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); 9061-29-4 (Carboxyhemoglobin); 2014/03/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24642592 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu041 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24642592 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe (also known as hookah) smoking is increasing around the world, including the United States, where waterpipe bars have sprung up rapidly around college campuses. Users are exposed to several toxicants, including carbon monoxide (CO). We evaluated change in exhaled CO and estimated carboxyhemoglobin levels among waterpipe bar patrons in Tampa, FL. METHODS: Exhaled breath samples were obtained immediately before entering and after leaving 6 waterpipe bars in Tampa, FL to measure CO boost and factors affecting CO change. Demographics, cigarette use status, and characteristics of waterpipe use during the bar visit also were assessed. RESULTS: Among the sample of 166 participants, mean CO increased from 6.5 parts per million (ppm) to 58.2 ppm (a 795% relative boost; p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Martinasek,M.P., Ward,K.D., Calvanese,A.V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140318 PMCID Editors
The Prevalence, Attitudes, and Correlates of Waterpipe Smoking Among High School Students in Iran: a Cross-Sectional Study	2016	Department of Health Sciences, Unit for Public Health Science, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden. Reza.Ziaei@miun.se.; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Unit for Family Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Reza.Mo	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International Journal of Behavioral Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Behav.Med. Pub Date Free Form 3-Mar Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160305; JID: 9421097; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1532-7558; 1070-5503 Accession Number PMID: 26940816 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1007/s12529-016-9555-x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26940816 Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the correlates of waterpipe (WP) smoking among 15-17-year-old high school students in Iran. METHOD: Data were collected using the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), a self-administrated questionnaire distributed to a representative sample of high school students aged 15-17 in the city of Tabriz. Current WP smoking was defined as past 30-day use, and ever WP smoking was defined as at least one or two lifetime puffs. Differences in WP use, knowledge, and attitudes were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher exact tests. Binary logistic regression estimated the association between relevant independent variables (e.g., age) and the dependent variables (current/ever WP smoking). RESULTS: Of 1517 students, 21.6 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 19.5, 23.8) were ever WP smokers, and 9.7 % (95 % CI = 8.2, 11.2) were current WP smokers. Of current WP smokers, 40.3 % have stated that they want to stop smoking now. Moreover, 14.1 % of non-WP smokers reported that they might enjoy smoking WP. Of current WP smokers, 49.0 % have smoked at cafes. Additionally, 95.3 % of current WP smokers reported that their age did not prevent them from being served a WP. Studying in high school third grade (adjusted odds ratios (AORs) = 1.70; 95 % CI [1.10, 2.63]), experience of cigarette smoking (AORs = 1.57; 95 % CI [1.12, 2.20]), and being prepared to accept a WP offered by close friends (AORs = 3.31; 95 % CI [2.17, 5.04]) were independently associated with ever WP smoking, and accepting a WP offered by close friends (AORs = 4.36; 95 % CI [2.69, 7.07]) and gender (female) (AORs = 0.45; 95 % CI [0.30, 0.70] were independently associated with current WP smoking. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of current and ever WP smoking is high in Tabriz. There is an urgent need to design interventions in order to increase students' and their parents' awareness regarding the harmfulness of WP, and to establish legal measures to restrict adolescents' access to WPs and tobacco in society. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ziaei,R., Mohammadi,R., Dastgiri,S., Viitasara,E., Rahimi,V.A., Jeddi,A., Soares,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160303 PMCID Editors
How popular is waterpipe tobacco smoking? Findings from internet search queries	2015	Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.; Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health University of South C	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 24 Issue 5 Start Page 509 Other Pages 513 Notes LR: 20150823; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 25052859 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051675 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25052859 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), a traditional tobacco consumption practice in the Middle East, is gaining popularity worldwide. Estimates of population-level interest in WTS over time are not documented. We assessed the popularity of WTS using World Wide Web search query results across four English-speaking countries. METHODS: We analysed trends in Google search queries related to WTS, comparing these trends with those for electronic cigarettes between 2004 and 2013 in Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA. Weekly search volumes were reported as percentages relative to the week with the highest volume of searches. RESULTS: Web-based searches for WTS have increased steadily since 2004 in all four countries. Search volume for WTS was higher than for e-cigarettes in three of the four nations, with the highest volume in the USA. Online searches were primarily targeted at WTS products for home use, followed by searches for WTS cafes/lounges. CONCLUSIONS: Online demand for information on WTS-related products and venues is large and increasing. Given the rise in WTS popularity, increasing evidence of exposure-related harms, and relatively lax government regulation, WTS is a serious public health concern and could reach epidemic levels in Western societies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Salloum,R.G., Osman,A., Maziak,W., Thrasher,J.F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140722 PMCID PMC4420726 Editors
Factors associated with smoking frequency among current waterpipe smokers in the United States: Findings from the National College Health Assessment II	2015	Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Department of Health Ou	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Aug Volume 153 Issue Start Page 359 Other Pages 363 Notes LR: 20160801; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; NIHMS693785; OID: NLM: NIHMS693785; OID: NLM: PMC4821569; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/03/04 [received]; 2015/05/02 [r Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 26036602 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.015 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26036602 Abstract BACKGROUND: Some waterpipe smokers exhibit nicotine dependent behaviors such as increased use over time and inability to quit, placing them at high risk of adverse health outcomes. This study examines the determinants of dependence by measuring frequency of use among current waterpipe smokers using a large national U.S. METHODS: Data were drawn from four waves (Spring/Fall 2009 and Spring/Fall 2010) of the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment datasets. The sample was restricted to students who smoked a waterpipe at least once in the past 30 days (N=19,323). Ordered logistic regression modeled the factors associated with higher frequency of waterpipe smoking. RESULTS: Among current waterpipe smokers, 6% used a waterpipe daily or almost daily (20-29 days). Daily cigarette smokers were at higher odds of smoking a waterpipe at higher frequencies compared with non-smokers of cigarettes (OR=1.81; 95% CI=1.61-2.04). There was a strong association between daily cigar smoking and higher frequency of waterpipe smoking (OR=7.77; 95% CI=5.49-11.02). Similarly, students who used marijuana had higher odds of smoking a waterpipe at higher frequencies (OR=1.57; 95% CI=1.37-1.81). CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumers of other addictive substances are at a higher risk of intensive waterpipe smoking and thus higher risk of waterpipe dependence. Intervention programs must incorporate methods to reduce waterpipe dependence and subsequently prevent its deleterious health effects. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Haider,M.R., Salloum,R.G., Islam,F., Ortiz,K.S., Kates,F.R., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150521 PMCID PMC4821569 Editors
Geographic Proximity of Waterpipe Smoking Establishments to Colleges in the U.S	2016	Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.; Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florid	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Preventive Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 50 Issue 1 Start Page e9 Other Pages e14 Notes LR: 20160406; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8704773; NIHMS721380; OID: NLM: NIHMS721380 [Available on 01/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4821570 [Available on 01/01/17]; PMCR: 2017/01/01 00:00; 2015/03/26 [received]; 20 Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-2607; 0749-3797 Accession Number PMID: 26346294 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.006 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26346294 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is prevalent among college students in the U.S. and increasing in popularity. Waterpipe smoking establishments are almost completely unregulated, and limited information exists documenting the expansion of this industry. The objective of this study was to identify U.S.-based waterpipe establishments and measure their proximity to colleges/universities. METHODS: Waterpipe establishments and their addresses were compiled using five Internet-based directories during 2014 and analyzed in 2015. Addresses were geocoded and overlaid on a U.S. map of accredited colleges/universities. Proximity of colleges/universities to the nearest waterpipe establishment was measured in 3-mile increments. Multinomial logistic regression was used to model the factors associated with proximity of waterpipe establishments to colleges/universities. RESULTS: A total of 1,690 waterpipe establishments and 1,454 colleges/universities were included in the study. Overall, 554 colleges/universities (38.1%) were within 3 miles of a waterpipe establishment. Proximity of waterpipe establishments to colleges/universities was associated with higher full-time student enrollment. Public colleges/universities and those with a smoke-free campus policy were at lower odds of having waterpipe establishments within 3 miles of their campuses. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe smoking establishments are more likely to be located near large colleges/universities. This study should inform initiatives aimed at reducing retail tobacco establishment exemptions. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Kates,F.R., Salloum,R.G., Thrasher,J.F., Islam,F., Fleischer,N.L., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150904 PMCID PMC4821570 Editors
The allure of the waterpipe: a narrative review of factors affecting the epidemic rise in waterpipe smoking among young persons globally	2015	Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.; Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Faculty of Health Scie	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 24 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page i13 Other Pages i21 Notes LR: 20150319; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 9209612; 059QF0KO0R (Water); OID: NLM: PMC434597 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 25618895 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051906 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25618895 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The objective of this narrative review is to highlight the determinants of the epidemic rise in waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) among youth globally. The Ecological Model of Health Promotion (EMHP) was the guiding framework for the review. DATA SOURCES: The following electronic databases were searched: Cochrane library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL Plus with Full Text. Search terms included waterpipe and its many variant terms. STUDY SELECTION: Articles were included if they were published between 1990 and 2014, were in English, were available in full text and included the age group 10-29 years. DATA EXTRACTION: Articles which analysed determinants of WTS at any of the levels of the EMHP were retained regardless of methodological rigour: 131 articles are included. Articles were coded in a standard template that abstracted methods as well as results. DATA SYNTHESIS: The review found that methodologies used to assess determinants of WTS among youth were often conventional and lacked rigor: 3/4 of the studies were cross-sectional surveys and most enrolled non-representative samples. Within the framework, the review identified determinants of WTS at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organisational, community and policy levels. CONCLUSIONS: The review suggests potential interventions to control WTS among youth, with emphasis on creative utilisation of social media, and tobacco control policies that include the specificities of WTS. The review further suggests the need for rigorous qualitative work to better contextualise determinants, and prospective observational and experimental studies that track and manipulate them to assess their viability as intervention targets. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Akl,E.A., Ward,K.D., Bteddini,D., Khaliel,R., Alexander,A.C., Lotfi,T., Alaouie,H., Afifi,R.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150124 PMCID PMC4345979 Editors
Toxicant content, physical properties and biological activity of waterpipe tobacco smoke and its tobacco-free alternatives	2015	Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Psychology, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Department of Safety of Pesticides, German	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 24 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page i22 Other Pages i30 Notes LR: 20150319; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: P50DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R0 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 25666550 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051907 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25666550 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological properties of waterpipe smoke. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major databases between 1991 and 2014. Search keywords included a combination of: waterpipe, narghile, hookah, shisha along with names of chemical compounds and classes of compounds, in addition to terms commonly used in cellular biology and aerosol sizing. STUDY SELECTION: The search was limited to articles published in English which reported novel data on waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) toxicant content, biological activity or particle size and which met various criteria for analytical rigour including: method specificity and selectivity, precision, accuracy and recovery, linearity, range, and stability. DATA EXTRACTION: Multiple researchers reviewed the reports and collectively agreed on which data were pertinent for inclusion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Waterpipe smoke contains significant concentrations of toxicants thought to cause dependence, heart disease, lung disease and cancer in cigarette smokers, and includes 27 known or suspected carcinogens. Waterpipe smoke is a respirable aerosol that induces cellular responses associated with pulmonary and arterial diseases. Except nicotine, smoke generated using tobacco-free preparations marketed for 'health conscious' users contains the same or greater doses of toxicants, with the same cellular effects as conventional products. Toxicant yield data from the analytical laboratory are consistent with studies of exposure biomarkers in waterpipe users. CONCLUSIONS: A sufficient evidence base exists to support public health interventions that highlight the fact that WTS presents a serious inhalation hazard. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shihadeh,A., Schubert,J., Klaiany,J., El Sabban,M., Luch,A., Saliba,N.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150209 PMCID PMC4345918 Editors
Comparison of tobacco-containing and tobacco-free waterpipe products: effects on human alveolar cells	2014	Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 16 Issue 4 Start Page 496 Other Pages 499 Notes LR: 20150422; GR: R01 DA025659/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA025659/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Smoke); OID: NLM: PMC4007115; 2013/12/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24302635 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntt193 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24302635 Abstract INTRODUCTION: In recent years, a class of products marketed as "tobacco-free" alternatives for the "health conscious user" has become widely available for waterpipe (hookah, narghile, or shisha) smoking. Their adoption may be in part driven by regulations banning tobacco smoking in public places and by an increasing awareness of the hazards of waterpipe tobacco smoking. Although these products are presented in advertising as a "healthier" choice, very little is known about their health effects. METHODS: In this study, we compared the effects of smoke generated with tobacco-free and conventional tobacco-derived products on human alveolar cells. Smoke was generated with a smoking machine that precisely mimicked the puffing behavior of 15 experienced waterpipe smokers when they used conventional waterpipe tobacco products of their choice and flavor-matched tobacco-free products. Human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) were treated with particulate matter sampled from the smoke, and the effects on cell cycle, proliferation, and doubling time were measured during the subsequent 72hr. RESULTS: We found that smoke from both types of waterpipe products markedly reduced cell proliferation, caused cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, and increased cell doubling time. There were no significant differences across product in any measure. CONCLUSION: Tobacco-free and tobacco-based waterpipe products exert substantial and similar deleterious effects on human lung cells. This study adds to the nascent evidence base indicating that except for exposure to nicotine and its derivatives, use of tobacco-free waterpipe products does not present a reduced health risk relative to the use of conventional tobacco-based products. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shihadeh,A., Eissenberg,T., Rammah,M., Salman,R., Jaroudi,E., El-Sabban,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131203 PMCID PMC4007115 Editors
Alterations in oral microbial flora induced by waterpipe tobacco smoking	2018	Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan.; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,(TRUNCATED	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of general medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Gen.Med. Pub Date Free Form 2-Feb Volume 11 Issue Start Page 47 Other Pages 54 Notes LR: 20181113; JID: 101515487; OTO: NOTNLM; 2018/02/15 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/02/15 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/02/15 06:01 [medline]; epublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 1178-7074; 1178-7074 Accession Number PMID: 29440924 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.2147/IJGM.S150553 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 29440924 Abstract Background: Waterpipe smoking is a global health problem and a serious public concern. Little is known about the effects of waterpipe smoking on oral health. In the current study, we examined the alterations of oral microbial flora by waterpipe smoking. Methods: One hundred adult healthy subjects (59 waterpipe smokers and 41 non-smokers) were recruited into the study. Swabs were taken from the oral cavity and subgingival regions. Standard culturing techniques were used to identify types, frequency, and mean number of microorganisms in cultures obtained from the subjects. Results: It was notable that waterpipe smokers were significantly associated with a history of oral infections. In subgingiva, Acinetobacter and Moraxella species were present only in waterpipe smokers. In addition, the frequency of Candida albicans was higher in the subgingiva of waterpipe smokers (p = 0.023) while the frequency of Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly lower in the subgingiva of waterpipe smokers (p = 0.036). However, no change was observed in other tested bacteria, such as Campylobacter species; Viridans group streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcus aureus. In oral cavity and when colony-forming units were considered, the only bacterial species that showed significant difference were the black-pigmented bacteria (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shakhatreh,M.A.K., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Masadeh,M.M., Hussein,E.I., Bshara,G.N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20180202 PMCID PMC5799848 Editors

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