WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
Harm perception, attitudes and predictors of waterpipe (shisha) smoking among secondary school adolescents in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pac J Cancer Prev Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 11 Issue 2 Start Page 293 Other Pages 301 Notes ID: 20843104 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and social determinants of waterpipe (WP) smoking among secondary school students in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia and to assess their health related knowledge and attitudes toward WP. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,652 Saudi secondary school students of both genders aged between 15-19 years selected by multistage sampling method. A self-administered anonymous Arabic version of Global Youth Tobacco Survey modified with items dedicated to WP smoking and to assess perception of health related hazards and attitudes towards WP was employed for data collection. RESULTS: Prevalence of current smokers 'all forms' was 30.3% among males (C.I= 27.5- 33.2%) and 8.5% in females (C.I= 6.6-10.9%). WP was used by 53.9% of the current tobacco users, significantly higher among older age students. Of the regular WP smokers, 20.7% smoked WP on daily basis, 23.8% weekly, 64.2% stated using flavored " Muassel " tobacco. Primary motives for WP smoking were outings with friends, company, boredom and wasting time. Of the total, 49.7% of students stated that WP smoking is less harmful than cigarettes, 60.5% believed that harmful substances were purified through water filtration, with non-addictive properties in 67.8%. Knowledge about health hazards of WP smoking was low, irrespective of student's smoking status. WP smoking is more socially acceptable than cigarettes (52.1%), represents a good opportunity for gathering of friends and family (33.8%), and smoking of WP can relieve stress and tensions (37.8%). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that socializing motives, cigarette smoking, smoking among close family and friends, male gender and increasing age were positive predictors for WP smoking. CONCLUSION: Social acceptability, poor knowledge of WP health related hazards and certain socio demographics are favoring the increasing current trend of WP use among adolescents in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Smoking/psychology, Students/psychology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adult, Attitude, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Schools, Social Environment, Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control, Young Adult Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-20843104 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Amin,Tarek Tawfik, Amr,Mostafa Abdel Monem, Zaza,Burhan Omar, Suleman,Wassem Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparison of patterns of use, beliefs, and attitudes related to waterpipe between beginning and established smokers	2005	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue Start Page 19 Other Pages 19 Notes ID: 15733316 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: To compare patterns of use, beliefs, and attitudes related to waterpipe smoking between university students (beginning smokers) and cafe customers (established smokers) in Aleppo Syria, in order to explore the evolution of this smoking method. METHODS: Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted among representative samples of university students (total 587, 48.4% men, mean age 22 years), and waterpipe users among cafe' customers (total 268, 60% men, mean age 30 years) in Aleppo, Syria. We used interviewer-administered questionnaire inquiring about pattern of waterpipe smoking (initiation, frequency), situational characteristics of use (partner, place, sharing), beliefs related to waterpipe smoking (harmful/addictive properties of waterpipe), attitudes related to waterpipe smoking (confidence in quitting, will to quit, motivation for quitting, past year quit attempt), and cigarette smoking. RESULTS: Daily and regular patterns of smoking become more prevalent with increased duration of smoking, but intermittent smoking remains the predominant pattern of waterpipe use. Women seem to be drawn later to the habit, which seem to escape the usual taboo against women's cigarette smoking. Patterns and context of waterpipe use tend to change with progress of the practice affecting frequency, setting, and sharing of waterpipe. Unlike beginners, established waterpipe smokers seem more smoking-method oriented, more hooked on the habit, less willing to quit, and less likely to foresee challenges to quitting. CONCLUSION: Use patterns and attitudes related to waterpipe smoking evolve to accommodate the change in dependence and life circumstances of the smoker. Most of use features, beliefs, attitudes, as well as time-course seem unique to this smoking method requiring novel approach to intervention. Descriptors Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Restaurants, Smoking/psychology, Social Perception, Students/psychology, Universities, Activities of Daily Living/psychology, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Smoking/adverse effects, Smoking/epidemiology, Questionnaires, Syria/epidemiology, Time Factors, Water Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC553967/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Asfar,Taghrid, Ward,Kenneth D., Eissenberg,Thomas, Maziak,Wasim Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Saliva cotinine and exhaled carbon monoxide levels in natural environment waterpipe smokers	2007	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Inhal Toxicol Periodical, Abbrev. Inhal.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 19 Issue 9 Start Page 771 Other Pages 7 Notes ID: 17613086 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the variations in exhaled CO and saliva cotinine in natural environment waterpipe smokers and compare them with cigarette smokers and absolute nonsmokers. Three groups were included in the study: nonsmokers (n = 20), waterpipe smokers (n = 15), and cigarette smokers (n = 20). A questionnaire was completed for each participant, exhaled CO was measured before and after waterpipe or cigarette smoking, and saliva cotinine was measured immediately after. We excluded from our study mixed smokers of both waterpipe and cigarettes. Mean values of saliva cotinine in waterpipe and cigarette smokers were very close: 77.8 ng/ml (SD = 110.4) and 87.1 (SD = 82.7) respectively. The weight and height of the persons as well as the size of the waterpipe bottle affected saliva cotinine. However, in waterpipe smokers, CO increased by 300% after 1 h of smoking, while in cigarette smokers, it only increased by 60%. In nonsmokers, exhaled CO was similar to environmental CO (10.2 ppm). The results of our study confirm that waterpipe device water does not filter nicotine and that the smoker him- or herself, by the frequency and the depth of inhalation, controls smoke inhalation. Like cigarette smokers, waterpipe smokers are exposed to harmful substances, such as CO, which was found to be quite high. The levels of expired CO and salivary cotinine could be good tools to detect exposure to waterpipe smoking. Descriptors Carbon Monoxide/metabolism, Cotinine/metabolism, Saliva/chemistry, Smoking/adverse effects, Adult, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Cotinine/analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Tobacco, Water Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-17613086 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Bacha,Zeina Aoun, Salameh,Pascale, Waked,Mirna Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparison of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among pupils in the urban area of Sousse, Tunisia. Tunis Med. 2010 Jul; 88(7):470-3.(Letter to editor). Pro	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tunis Med Periodical, Abbrev. Tunis.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 89 Issue 5 Start Page 505 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 21557194 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data, Bias (Epidemiology), Humans, Tobacco/chemistry, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tunisia/epidemiology, World Health Organization Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21557194 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Ben Saad,Helmi, Chaouachi,Kamal Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Is concern about waterpipe tobacco smoking warranted?	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Aust N Z J Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Aust.N.Z.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 32 Issue 2 Start Page 181 Other Pages 2 Notes ID: 18412692 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Health Promotion, Smoking, Social Marketing, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New South Wales Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00198.x Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Carroll,Therese, Poder,Natasha, Perusco,Andrew Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe tobacco smoking and cigarette smoking: a direct comparison of toxicant exposure and subjective effects	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 13 Issue 2 Start Page 78 Other Pages 87 Notes ID: 21127030 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing worldwide and is believed by many users to be less harmful and addictive than cigarette smoking. In fact, waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoke contain many of the same chemicals, and users are exposed to the dependence-producing drug nicotine as well as other smoke toxicants. The subjective effect profile of these 2 tobacco use methods has not been compared directly, though this information is relevant to understanding the risk of dependence development. METHODS: Fifty-four participants who reported waterpipe and cigarette smoking completed 2, 45-min, counter-balanced sessions in which they completed a waterpipe use episode (mean smoking time = 43.3 min) or a cigarette (mean = 6.1 min). Outcome measures included plasma nicotine, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), and subjective effects, including those relevant to predicting dependence potential. RESULTS: Mean (Â±SEM) peak plasma nicotine concentration did not differ by session (waterpipe = 9.8 Â± 1.0 ng/ml; cigarette = 9.4 Â± 1.0 ng/ml). Mean peak COHb concentration differed significantly (waterpipe = 4.5% Â± 0.3%; cigarette = 1.2% Â± 0.1%). Subjective effect changes for waterpipe and cigarette were comparable in magnitude but often longer lived for waterpipe. CONCLUSIONS: Relative to a cigarette, waterpipe tobacco smoking was associated with similar peak nicotine exposure, 3.75-fold greater COHb, and 56-fold greater inhaled smoke volume. Waterpipe and cigarette influenced many of the same subjective effect measures. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that waterpipe tobacco smoking presents substantial risk of dependence, disease, and death, and they can be incorporated into prevention interventions that might help deter more adolescents and young adults from experimenting with an almost certainly lethal method of tobacco use. Descriptors Carboxyhemoglobin/analysis, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Nicotine/analysis, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Tobacco Use Disorder/psychology, Administration, Inhalation, Adult, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Questionnaires, Water, Young Adult Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107609/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntq212 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Cobb,Caroline O., Shihadeh,Alan, Weaver,Michael F., Eissenberg,Thomas Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking: direct comparison of toxicant exposure	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Am J Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 37 Issue 6 Start Page 518 Other Pages 23 Notes ID: 19944918 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Waterpipe (hookah, shisha) tobacco smoking has spread worldwide. Many waterpipe smokers believe that, relative to cigarettes, waterpipes are associated with lower smoke toxicant levels and fewer health risks. For physicians to address these beliefs credibly, waterpipe use and cigarette smoking must be compared directly. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide the first controlled, direct laboratory comparison of the toxicant exposure associated with waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking. METHODS: Participants (N=31; M=21.4 years, SD=2.3) reporting monthly waterpipe use (M=5.2 uses/month, SD=4.0) and weekly cigarette smoking (M=9.9 cigarettes/day, SD=6.4) completed a crossover study in which they each smoked a waterpipe for a maximum of 45 minutes, or a single cigarette. Outcome measures included expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) 5 minutes after session's end, and blood carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), plasma nicotine, heart rate, and puff topography. Data were collected in 2008-2009 and analyzed in 2009. RESULTS: On average, CO increased by 23.9 ppm for waterpipe use (SD=19.8) and 2.7 ppm for cigarette smoking (SD=1.8), while peak waterpipe COHb levels (M=3.9%, SD=2.5) were three times those observed for cigarette smoking (M=1.3%, SD=0.5; p's<0.001). Peak nicotine levels did not differ (waterpipe M=10.2 ng/mL, SD=7.0; cigarette M=10.6 ng/mL, SD=7.7). Significant heart rate increases relative to pre-smoking were observed at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 35 minutes during the cigarette session and at 5-minute intervals during the waterpipe session (p's<0.001). Mean total puff volume was 48.6 L for waterpipe use as compared to 1.0 L for cigarette smoking (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Relative to cigarette smoking, waterpipe use is associated with greater CO, similar nicotine, and dramatically more smoke exposure. Physicians should consider advising their patients that waterpipe tobacco smoking exposes them to some of the same toxicants as cigarette smoking and therefore the two tobacco-smoking methods likely share some of the same health risks. Descriptors Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Over Studies, Equipment Design, Humans, Middle Aged, Virginia, Water, Young Adult Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2805076/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.07.014 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Eissenberg,Thomas, Shihadeh,Alan Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Exhaled carbon monoxide with waterpipe use in US students	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JAMA Periodical, Abbrev. JAMA Pub Date Free Form Volume 299 Issue 1 Start Page 36 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 18167404 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Exhalation, Smoking/trends, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Adolescent, Adult, Charcoal, Female, Humans, Inhalation, Male, Smoking/adverse effects, Students, United States Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2007.6 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors El-Nachef,Wael, Hammond,S. K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Genotoxic effects of waterpipe smoking on the buccal mucosa cells	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Mutat Res Periodical, Abbrev. Mutat.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 655 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 36 Other Pages 40 Notes ID: 18662802 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Waterpipe smoking is popular in many parts of the world. Micronuclei (MN) evaluation in the exfoliated oral cells of smokers is a non-invasive technique for evaluation of possible tobacco harm. We aimed to assess whether MN levels are higher in waterpipe smokers than in never smokers. We examined oral smears of 128 adult male waterpipe smokers and 78 males who never smoked tobacco in rural Egypt. The total number of MN per 1000 cells per subject, and the number of MN-containing cells per individual were compared. We observed a higher level of total MN in waterpipe smokers (10 +/- 4) than in never smokers (4 +/- 2, p < 0.001). A similar difference was found for the mean number of affected cells per individual (8 +/- 3 vs. 4 +/- 1.62, p < 0.001). MN levels were not significantly dose related. This study is among the first to assess the association between waterpipe smoking and a cytogenetic measure of tobacco harm. The twofold increase in MN level is consistent with previous reports of MN in cigarette smokers. More research is needed to determine if such MN levels are predictive of future health consequences. Descriptors Mouth Mucosa/drug effects, Mutagens/toxicity, Smoking/adverse effects, Water, Adult, Age Factors, Demography, Humans, Male, Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/chemically induced, Middle Aged Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3568951/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.06.014 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors El-Setouhy,Maged, Loffredo,Christopher A., Radwan,Ghada, Abdel Rahman,Rehab, Mahfouz,Eman, Israel,Ebenezer, Mohamed,Mostafa K., Ayyad,Sohair B. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe (hookah) tobacco smoking among youth. Foreword	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 41 Issue 2 Start Page 33 Other Pages 33 Notes ID: 21232692 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Humans, Public Health, Risk Factors, United States/epidemiology Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2010.10.019 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Etzel,Ruth A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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