WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Some chemical and biological effects of cigarettes and Hubbell bubble smoking	1990		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Bulletin of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 26 Issue 1 Start Page 175 Other Pages 85 Notes ID: 17970 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The study was performed on 50 adult male cigarette and hubble smokers. The aim was to study and compare the cigarette and hubble bubble smoke on some chemical and biological functions of the smoke component. Plasma epinephrine, glucose, lactate/pyruvate ratio, growth hormone, free fatty acids, and cortisol were significantly higher in smokers than non smokers especially cigarette smokers. Plasma insulin concentration showed a significantly delayed response to the increased blood glucose. Plasma proteins, urea, pyruvate, creatinine and vitamin B12 were significantly reduced inn smokers than non smokers especially cigarette smokers. Both blood erythrocytes and leucocytes were increased significantly in smokers. Blood gases showed significantly low PaO2, significant blood level of Co fraction, while PaCO2 was unaffected. Urinary catecholamines were significantly higher in smokers especially in cigarette smokers Descriptors Humans, Male, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco/metabolism Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-17970 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Abo Shamaa,M. N., Osman,H. A., Kamel,M. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparative analysis of the effects of hubble-bubble (Sheesha) and cigarette smoking on respiratory and metabolic parameters in hubble-bubble and cigarette smokers	2006	Al Mutairi, S.S., Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Safat 13110, Kuwait	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Respirology Periodical, Abbrev. Respirology Pub Date Free Form / Volume 11 Issue 4 Start Page 449 Other Pages 455 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1323-7799; 1440-1843 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Objectives and background: Hazard of smoking tobacco is believed to be minimized by smoking hubble-bubble (HB) instead of cigarettes. Our aims were to (i) develop an assay for estimating nicotine and cotinine; and (ii) evaluate the effect of smoking on respiratory and metabolic parameters in cigarette and HB smokers. Methods: Urine samples were collected from 152 volunteer smokers (75 cigarette and 77 HB) as well as from 16 healthy controls. We optimized an HPLC method for the determination of nicotine and cotinine. Subjects were asked to complete a chronic respiratory symptoms questionnaire and to undergo spirometry. Fasting blood samples were collected for the determination of their lipid profile. Results: The intra-assay coefficients of variation for nicotine and cotinine were 16.6% and 6.6%, respectively. The mean of cotinine in cigarette smokers (1321.4 ng/mL) was significantly (P = 0.008) higher than the mean cotinine (677.6 ng/mL) in HB smokers. The mean nicotine level in cigarette smokers (1487.3 ng/mL) was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher than the mean nicotine (440.5 ng/mL) in HB smoker. The urinary cotinine and nicotine levels of the control subjects were lower than the detection levels of the assay. The mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in cigarette smokers (0.99 mmol/L) compared with HB smoker smokers (1.02 mmol/L) but this was not significant (P = 0.28). Spirometric values were comparable among the three groups but the chronic respiratory symptoms in the smoking groups appeared at an earlier age in the HB smokers compared with the cigarettes smokers (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Smoking HB does not reduce the risk of tobacco exposure and it's potentially harmful metabolites on health. Â© 2006 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology. Descriptors cotinine, glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, nicotine, triacylglycerol, adult, aged, analytic method, article, cholesterol blood level, chronic respiratory tract disease, smoking, controlled study, female, glucose blood level, high performance liquid chromatography, human, lipid blood level, lipid metabolism, major clinical study, male, observer variation, priority journal, questionnaire, spirometry, triacylglycerol blood level, urine level Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al Mutairi,S. S., Shihab-Eldeen,A. A., Mojiminiyi,O. A., Anwar,A. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Knowledge, attitude and believes of Nargila (hubble-bubble) smoking in Iraq	2005		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society Periodical, Abbrev. J.Bahrain Med.Soc. Pub Date Free Form 2005/04 Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page 128 Other Pages 134 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1015-6321 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Aim: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking Nargila. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 200 male smokers from different parts of Iraq. Results: The study showed that the highest rate was among youth aged 20-39 years and negatively correlated with the level of education. The cost ranged between 250-15,000 ID per weak and the average time spent for each smoking was 30 minutes. The study revealed that 90% of the sample prefer Nargila smoking than cigarette, because they believed it is less harmful, due to passage of smoke through water, and more enjoyable. Less than 10% used a disposable tip while the rest shared the same tip with their friends and even with worker responsible for preparing Nargilas. Moreover, about half of the sample declared that they were unwilling to quit from the habit. A Preliminary test of especially manufactured smoking machine showed that the amount of tar and nicotine precipitated from the Nargila smoke might be more than that expected and that declared by manufacturers. Conclusions: The study pointed out the importance of changing the wrong belives knowledge towards Nargila and arrange a suitable health education programme to highlight its harmful effect on the health of smokers. Descriptors nicotine, tar, academic achievement, adult, age distribution, article, attitude, health education, human, Iraq, male, normal human, smoking Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al-Dabbagh,S., Al-Sinjari,K. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparative study of the effect of cigarette and hubble bubble goza smoking on some essential glucoregulatory hormones	1993		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tanta Medical Journal Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 103 Other Pages 113 Notes ID: 35382 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract To compare the effects of Hubble-Bubble Goza] smoking with those of cigarette smoking on insulin, growth hormone and catecholamines secretion, 10 healthy male smokers were studied. Each subject worked as control for himself. After an overnight fast each subject was insucted to smoke 2 non-filtered cigarettes Cleopatra Super, Eastern Company, Egypt], over 10 minutes in one day and in an another day an equivalent amount tobacco as Meassel 7.1 g of the commercialy available Goza Tobacco] using Goza over the same 10 minutes period. Blood samles were assayed for plasma glucose, insulin, growth hormone, adrenaline and noradernaline in the fasting state and 10, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after the end of smoking by the glucose oxidase method for glucose, radioimmunoassay for insulin and growth hormone, and flourometry for catecholamines. The results of the present study showed significant elevation of plasma glucose after both types of smoking, with peak glucose response occurring earlier after Goza smoking. Plasma insulin showed no significant changes after both smoking types. Growth hormone levels were significantly and progressively elevated in both types of smoking. A significant elevation of adrenaline at 10 and 30 minutes and a significant elevation of noradrenaline at 10 minutes after both types of smoking were also observed. The results showed that Hubble-Bubble Goza] smoking produces the same effect on the parameters studied as those of cigarette smoking although the response is a little bit attenuated Descriptors Humans, Male, Comparative Study, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Catecholamines, Growth Hormone, Insulin Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-35382 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Amara,Fahmy Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Laryngeal findings and acoustic changes in hubble-bubble smokers	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.Arch.Otorhinolaryngol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 267 Issue 10 Start Page 1587 Other Pages 92 Notes ID: 20480370 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the laryngeal findings and acoustic changes in hubble-bubble smokers. A total of 42 subjects with history of hubble-bubble smoking were recruited for this study. A corresponding group with a history of cigarette smoking and controls were matched. All subjects underwent laryngeal video-endostroboscopic evaluation and acoustic analysis. In the hubble-bubble smoking group, 61.9% were males. The average age was 30.02 +/- 9.48 years and the average number of years of smoking was 8.09 +/- 6.45 years. Three subjects had dysphonia at the time of examination. The incidence of benign lesions of the vocal folds in the hubble-bubble group was 21.5%, with edema being the most common at 16.7% followed by cyst at 4.8%. The incidence of laryngeal findings was significantly higher in the hubble-bubble group compared to controls. In the cigarette-smoking group, the most common finding was vocal fold cyst in 14.8% followed by polyps in 7.4%, and edema, sulcus vocalis and granuloma. These findings were not significantly different from the hubble-bubble group except for the thick mucus, which was significantly higher in the latter. There were no significant changes in any of the acoustic parameters between hubble-bubble smokers and controls except for the VTI and MPT, which were significantly lower in the hubble-bubble group. In comparison with the cigarette-smoking group, hubble-bubble smokers had significantly higher Fundamental frequency and habitual pitch (p value 0.042 and 0.008, respectively). The laryngeal findings in hubble-bubble smokers are comparable to cigarette smokers. These laryngeal findings are not translated acoustically, as all the acoustic parameters are within normal range compared to controls. Descriptors Laryngeal Diseases/epidemiology, Larynx/pathology, Larynx/physiopathology, Smoking/adverse effects, Speech Acoustics, Voice Quality, Adult, Aerosols/adverse effects, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Laryngeal Diseases/pathology, Laryngeal Diseases/physiopathology, Male, Stroboscopy, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-010-1273-4 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hamdan,Abdul-latif, Sibai,Abla, Oubari,Dima, Ashkar,Jihad, Fuleihan,Nabil Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Nicotine content in tobacco used in hubble-bubble smoking	2004	Hadidi, K.A., Forensic Med./Toxicology Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 25 Issue 7 Start Page 912 Other Pages 917 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0379-5284 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Objective: To determine the nicotine content of commonly used tobacco in hubble-bubble (HB) and compare it with that found in cigarettes. Methods: Analysis of nicotine content of 13 commercial brands of HB tobacco was carried out using gas chromatography over an 8 month period; November 2002 through to June 2003 at the Toxicology Laboratory, University of Jordan. Results: A wide variation in nicotine content in all brands was noticed with an average of 8.32 mg/g tobacco, range (1.8-44.3 mg/g). The average nicotine content in each HB head (20 gm) of unflavored tobacco was (713mg/head) and flavored tobacco has (67mg/head). One head of unflavored tobacco has nicotine equivalent to 70 regular cigarettes. The addition of adulterations; honey, glycerin and other flavors in the process of preparing the flavored (Mua'sel) tobacco contributes to lowering the nicotine content in each gram of flavored tobacco. Smoking one head of flavored (Mua'sel) tobacco which contains on average one third of nicotine presented in 20 cigarettes (204mg/pack) usually resulted in a higher plasma nicotine level by 20%. Conclusion: Hubble-bubble smokers are not at a lesser risk from smoking than cigarette smokers in relation to nicotine dependence. The inability of water to trap significant amounts of chemical substances present in tobacco (especially nicotine) and the danger which might result from the combustion of additives like; glycerin, honey and other flavors could be a very important factor to extrapolate the damage resulting from HB smoking. Descriptors flavoring agent, glycerol, nicotine, article, blood level, chemical analysis, chemical composition, smoking, clinical laboratory, combustion, controlled study, flavor, gas chromatography, honey, Jordan, risk assessment, tobacco dependence, toxicology, university Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Hadidi,K. A., Mohammed,F. I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Narghile (hubble-bubble) smoking, low birth weight, and other pregnancy outcomes	1998	Nuwayhid, I.A., American University of Beirut, New York, NY 10022, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form 1998/08 Volume 148 Issue 4 Start Page 375 Other Pages 383 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0002-9262 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Narghile smoking, a common habit among women in many non-Western societies, is assumed by the public to be minimally harmful. This study aims at identifying the effect of smoking narghiles during pregnancy on the weight of the newborn and other pregnancy outcomes. Three groups of pregnant women were interviewed in several hospitals in Lebanon between 1993 and 1995: 106 who smoked narghiles during their pregnancy, 277 who smoked cigarettes, and 512 who did not smoke. The adjusted mean birth weight of babies born to women who smoked one or more narghiles a day during pregnancy and to women who started smoking in the first trimester was more than 100 g less than that of babies born to nonsmokers (p < 0.1). The adjusted odds ratio of having babies with low birth weight (<2,500 g) among the narghile smokers was 1.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67-5.38). The risk increased to 2.62 (95% CI 0.90- 7.66) among those who started smoking narghiles in the first trimester. A stronger association and a dose-response relation were found among cigarette smokers. The association between narghile smoking and other pregnancy outcomes, especially Apgar score and respiratory distress, was also noticeable. Further research and a policy action to fight the misperception that narghile smoking is safe are both recommended. Descriptors adult, Apgar score, article, controlled study, female, fetus outcome, human, Lebanon, low birth weight, major clinical study, respiratory distress, risk assessment, risk factor, smoking Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Nuwayhid,I. A., Yamout,B., Azar,G., Kambris,M. A. K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of argileh (water pipe or hubble-bubble) and cigarette smoking among pregnant women in Lebanon	2004	Chaaya, M., Dept. of Epidemiol. and Pop. Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 29 Issue 9 Start Page 1821 Other Pages 1831 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0306-4603 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Currently, little is known about argileh (water pipe or hubble-bubble) and cigarette smoking among pregnant women in the Arab world, despite emerging evidence on the adverse health effects of argileh smoking and well-established knowledge about the health risks of cigarette smoking during pregnancy. Objectives: The present study assesses pregnant Arab women's knowledge of chemical contents and related harmful effects of argileh and cigarettes, their attitudes towards smoking argileh and cigarettes, and their actual smoking of argileh and cigarettes, both before and during pregnancy. Methods: A stratified sample of 864 women from 23 health care centers in Lebanon completed a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Information was collected on basic demographic variables, women's knowledge, attitudes, and cigarette and argileh smoking. Results: Women were partially knowledgeable about the health risks of cigarette smoking, knew little about the harmful ingredients of argileh smoking, and had many misconceptions regarding how argileh worked or how it can produce harm. Attitudes were permissive towards all forms of smoking. Almost one quarter (23%) of participants reported smoking during pregnancy, with 17% smoking only cigarettes, 4% smoking only argileh, and 1.5% smoking both cigarette and argileh. Conclusion: A significant and growing percentage of pregnant Arab women are smoking in Lebanon, with four cigarette smokers for every argileh smoker. Smoking behaviors are empirically linked with important gaps in knowledge and with permissive attitudes. These data may be used to design more effective prevention programs targeting this vulnerable population. Â© 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Descriptors adult, article, attitude, behavior, smoking, controlled study, demography, female, human, Lebanon, pregnancy Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Chaaya,M., Jabbour,S., El-Roueiheb,Z., Chemaitelly,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Predictions: hubble bubble.	1986	Naughtie, J.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nursing times Periodical, Abbrev. Nurs.Times Pub Date Free Form / Volume 82 Issue 1 Start Page 18 Other Pages 19 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0954-7762 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors article, human, national health service, politics, United Kingdom Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Naughtie,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Short term effect of hubble-bubble smoking on voice	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Laryngol Otol Periodical, Abbrev. J.Laryngol.Otol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 125 Issue 5 Start Page 486 Other Pages 91 Notes ID: 21281535 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short term effect of hubble-bubble smoking on voice. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. MATERIAL: Eighteen non-dysphonic subjects (seven men and 11 women) with a history of hubble-bubble smoking and no history of cigarette smoking underwent acoustic analysis and laryngeal video-stroboscopic examination before and 30 minutes after hubble-bubble smoking. RESULTS: On laryngeal video-stroboscopy, none of the subjects had vocal fold erythema either before or after smoking. Five patients had mild vocal fold oedema both before and after smoking. After smoking, there was a slight increase in the number of subjects with thick mucus between the vocal folds (six, vs four before smoking) and with vocal fold vessel dilation (two, vs one before smoking). Acoustic analysis indicated a drop in habitual pitch, fundamental frequency and voice turbulence index after smoking, and an increase in noise-to-harmonics ratio. CONCLUSION: Even 30 minutes of hubble-bubble smoking can cause a drop in vocal pitch and an increase in laryngeal secretions and vocal fold vasodilation. Descriptors Smoking/adverse effects, Speech Acoustics, Vocal Cords/pathology, Voice Disorders/pathology, Voice Quality/drug effects, Adolescent, Adult, Edema/epidemiology, Edema/etiology, Equipment Design, Erythema/epidemiology, Erythema/etiology, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Mucus, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Stroboscopy/methods, Vocal Cords/blood supply, Vocal Cords/physiopathology, Voice Disorders/diagnosis, Voice Disorders/etiology, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022215110003051 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hamdan,A-L, Sibai,A., Mahfoud,L., Oubari,D., Ashkar,J., Fuleihan,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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