WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Carbon monoxide fractions in cigarette and hookah (hubble bubble) smoke.	1993	Sajid, K.M., Atomic Energy Medical Centre, Multan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JPMA.The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 43 Issue 9 Start Page 179 Other Pages 182 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract We studied the carbon monoxide (CO) fractions in hookah and cigarette smoke, using a carbon monoxide micro smokerlyzer (model EC50, BEDFONT, U.K.). Mean carbon monoxide fractions (% by volume) of hookah smoke, using domestic charcoal were 0.38 +/- 0.07 (large hookah; unfiltered); 1.40 +/- 0.43 (small hookah; unfiltered); 0.34 +/- 0.06 (large hookah; filtered); 1.36 +/- 0.35 (small hookah; filtered) and 0.41 +/- 0.08 (cigarette smoke). The highest fractions were obtained with small size hookah and increase in size of hookah (i.e., volume of air in water base, fire bowl volume, pipe length, etc.) reduced the CO fraction significantly (P < 0.001). The fractions of cigarette lie between large and small hookah. The fractions vary slightly with different varieties of tobacco, e.g., CO fractions with Dera wala tobacco are significantly low (P < 0.05). Use of commercial charcoal gives significant rise in CO fractions (P < 0.001). Comparison of filtered and unfiltered smoke shows no significant difference in values. We conclude that the CO hazard is as high with hookah smoking as with cigarette smoking. Descriptors carbon monoxide, article, plant, smoke, smoking, tobacco Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Sajid,K. M., Akhter,M., Malik,G. Q. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Genetic risk assessment in hookah smokers.	2000	Yadav, J.S., Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, India.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cytobios Periodical, Abbrev. Cytobios Pub Date Free Form / Volume 101 Issue 397 Start Page 101 Other Pages 113 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0011-4529 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The genotoxic effect of hookah smoke was investigated on somatic chromosomes of 35 occupationally nonexposed male hookah smokers. These were compared with an equal number of nonsmokers matched with respect to age, sex, drug intake, if any, and socio-economic status. The mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and satellite associations (SA) were analysed. All the parameters showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the smokers compared with control individuals, viz MI, 3.88-5.41; CA, 0.94-2.22; SCE, 3.59-5.66; and SA, 5.2-8.65. A distinct time and dose effect relationship was observed. Hookah smoke is thus, both clastogenic and genotoxic for human beings. Descriptors adult, aged, article, drug effect, human, human chromosome, India, male, middle aged, mitosis, mutagen testing, plant, risk assessment, smoking, tobacco Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Yadav,J. S., Thakur,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
hookah (shisha, narghile) and our teenagers in the USA and Europe	2003		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Generic Periodical, Full J Egypt Soc Parasitol Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pediatr.Health Care Pub Date Free Form Volume 22; 33 Issue 4; 3 Start Page 270; author reply 270; 1087 Other Pages 270; author reply 270; 101 Notes TY: JOUR; ID: 18590877; ID: 15119472 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en; en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract An interview survey was carried out in a rural village and two nearby schools in Qalyubia Governorate to assess the pattern of smoking and knowledge about religious ruling (Fatwa) and its impact on the quit attempts. Also, a similar survey was conducted in 6 Shisha cafÃ©s in Cairo. The results showed that the majority of respondents (81% among rural adults, 83.2% among Shisha cafÃ© patrons, 73.3% among rural youth and 81.4% among rural students) knew about the Fatwa on smoking. Higher proportions of all participants thought that smoking is a sin (97.3% among rural adults, 80.8% among Shisha cafÃ© patrons, 94.4% among rural youth and 98.4% among rural students). There was a significantly higher knowledge about Fatwa on smoking among men than women. This indicates a successful outreach program targeted mainly to men through mosques. Knowledge about Fatwa on smoking increased significantly with increased exposure to antismoking messages from religious leader. Knowledge about the Fatwa on smoking or belief that smoking is a sin had no significant effect on quit attempts. Our results point to the need for intensive efforts on the part of religious leaders to translate the current belief that smoking is a sin into quitting among smokers. Better results may be achieved through personal interactions in small groups rather than in mosque settings. Descriptors Smoking, Adolescent, Europe, Humans, United States, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Religion, Smoking/epidemiology, Adult, Child, Egypt/epidemiology, Female, Male, Restaurants, Rural Health, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.03.003; http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-15119472 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/; MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Chaouachi,Kamal, Radwan,Ghada N., Israel,Ebenezer, El-Setouhy,Maged, Abdel-Aziz,Fatma, Mikhail,Nabiel, Mohamed,Mostafa K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hookah smoking.	2007	Gatrad, R., Manor Hospital, Walsall.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ (Clinical research ed.) Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Pub Date Free Form / Volume 335 Issue 7609 Start Page 20 Other Pages Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1468-5833 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors article, equipment design, ethnology, human, legal aspect, sanitation, smoking, United Kingdom Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Gatrad,R., Gatrad,A., Sheikh,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hookah hazards	2007		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Br Dent J Periodical, Abbrev. Br.Dent.J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 203 Issue 8 Start Page 441 Other Pages 441 Notes ID: 17965664 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Smoking/adverse effects, Humans, Water Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-17965664 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Bhat,Meghashyam Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in hookah smokers, cigarette smokers and non-smokers	2007		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Pak Med Assoc Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form Volume 57 Issue 12 Start Page 595 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 18173042 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To find CEA levels in smokers of different categories (hookah smokers, cigarette smokers smoking different brands of cigarettes and different number of cigarettes per day) and to correlate CEA levels with type and rate of smoking. METHODS: A total of 122 cigarette smokers (115 men and 7 women) and 14 hookah smokers (all men) with age ranging from 16-80 years were studied. CEA levels were also measured in 36 non-smokers who served as controls. Enhanced chemilumiscent immunometeric technique was applied to measure CEA levels in our subjects. RESULTS: The mean CEA levels of cigarette smokers were compared with the mean CEA levels observed in hookah smokers (7.16 +/- 10.4 ng/ml) and non-smokers (2.15 +/- 0.68 ng/ml). The mean value of CEA level observed in cigarette smokers, 9.19 +/- 14.9 ng/ml (n=122) was significantly higher than the levels in non-smokers and hookah smokers (p < 0.0067). It was also observed that CEA levels increased with the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The highest levels were observed in smokers who smoke more than 31 cigarettes per day. The smokers that use relatively cheaper brands of cigarettes had higher levels of CEA compared to those who use high quality brands. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the brands of cigarettes (which were ranked on the basis of price) and the rate of smoking both play an important role in raising the CEA levels. Further the common belief that hookah also called narghile or shisha is a relatively safe mode of smoking is not completely correct; a significant proportion of hookah smokers have high levels of CEA although mean levels of hookah smokers were low compared to cigarette smokers. Descriptors Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Tobacco, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pakistan, Prospective Studies Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18173042 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Sajid,Khan Mohammad, Parveen,Riffat, Chaouachi,Kamal, Naeem,Ayisha, Mahmood,Rubaida, Shamim,Rahat Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The medical consequences ofÂ narghile (hookah, shisha) use inÂ theÂ world	2007	Chaouachi, K., Maisonneuve et Larose, DÃ©partement des auteurs, 75005 Paris, France	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publ. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 55 Issue 3 Start Page 165 Other Pages 170 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0398-7620 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Hookah (narghile, shisha) smoking is growing worldwide and particularly in France. The main reasons for this are: first, the arrival on the market of new highly flavored tobacco-based mixtures; second, a new type of charcoal used as a quick heating source; third, the pleasure to experiment with an exotic orientalist practice or the desire to return to the corresponding tradition; fourth, the belief that water filtration would lower the risk of smoking. Methods andÂ results: Long-term epidemiological data on complications are scarce. Little is known about qualitative and quantitative transformations occurring when hookah is smoked (in particular regarding carcinogenic agents). Such information will be difficult to collect due to the lack of standardization for this mode of tobacco use. The only current consensus on this issue is that a significant amount of carbon monoxide is produced by the charcoal used to heat and distil the tobacco-molasses mixture. Apart from direct inhalation, concentrations measured in some fashionable hookah lounges and bars are particularly high. Moreover, the additives contained in the widely used quick-lighting charcoals and their harmlessness remain unknown. Conclusion: This study sets out the available scientific knowledge regarding the real medical consequences related to the growing use of hookah and focuses on the best known and urgent issue, i.e. concern related to carbon monoxide intoxication in a very peculiar context. Â© 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Descriptors carcinogen, charcoal, drug additive, molasses, article, smoking, consensus, health hazard, heating, hookah smoking, human, smoking habit, standardization Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Chaouachi,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The narghile (hookah, shisha, goza) epidemic and the need for clearing up confusion and solving problems related with model building of social situations	2007		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full ScientificWorldJournal Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 7 Issue Start Page 1691 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 17982564 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Many biomedical studies of the past seven years have failed in giving a sound picture of what hookah (shisha, narghile, goza) smoke and smoking are. The reasons are many: from the widespread use of a confusing neologism ("waterpipe") instead of the few clear and natural words used for centuries by indigenous and non-indigenous people in their real life, to the use of artificial smoking (machines) instead of relying on quantitative and qualitative analysis of toxicants directly performed on real hookah smokers. Descriptors Models, Biological, Smoking/epidemiology, Social Environment, Humans, Smoking/adverse effects, Smoking/psychology Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-17982564 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Chaouachi,Kamal T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in hookah smokers, cigarette smokers and non-smokers--a comment	2008		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Pak Med Assoc Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form Volume 58 Issue 3 Start Page 155 Other Pages 155 Notes ID: 18517128 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects, Tobacco/adverse effects, Humans, Pakistan Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18517128 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Maziak,Wasim Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Radiological hazards of Narghile (hookah, shisha, goza) smoking: activity concentrations and dose assessment	2008		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Environ Radioact Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Radioact. Pub Date Free Form Volume 99 Issue 12 Start Page 1808 Other Pages 14 Notes ID: 18768240 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Narghile (hookah, shisha, goza, "water-pipe") smoking has become fashionable worldwide. Its tobacco pastes, known as moassel and jurak, are not standardized and generally contain about 30-50% (sometimes more) tobacco, molasses/juice of sugarcane, various spices and dried fruits (particularly in jurak) and, in the case of moassel, glycerol and flavoring essences. Tobacco contains minute amounts of radiotoxic elements such as (210)Pb, (210)Po and uranium, which are inhaled via smoking. Only very few data have been published on the concentrations of natural radionuclides in narghile tobacco mixtures. Consequently, the aim of this study was to draw first conclusions on the potential hazards of radioactivity in moassel tobacco in relation to narghile smoking. The results indicate the existence of a wide range in the radioactivity contents where the average (range) activity concentrations of (238)U, (234)Th (226)Ra, (210)Pb, (210)Po, (232)Th and (40)K, in Bq/kg dry weight were 55 (19-93), 11 (3-23), 3 (1.2-8), 14 (3-29), 13 (7-32), 7 (4-10) and 719 (437-1044)Bq/kg dry weight, respectively. The average concentrations of natural radionuclides in moassel tobacco pastes are comparable to their concentration in Greek cigarettes and tobacco leaves, and lower than that of Brazilian tobacco leaves. The distribution pattern of these radionuclides after smoking, between smoke, ash and filter, is unknown, except for (210)Po during cigarette smoking and from one existing study during moassel smoking. Radiological dose assessment due to intake of natural radionuclides was calculated and the possible radio-toxicity of the measured radionuclides is briefly discussed. Descriptors Air Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis, Smoke/analysis, Smoking/adverse effects, Egypt, Humans, Polonium/analysis, Radiation Dosage, Radium/analysis, Saudi Arabia, Social Environment, Tobacco, Uranium/analysis Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.07.005 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Khater,Ashraf E. M., Abd El-Aziz,Nawal,S., Al-Sewaidan,Hamed, Chaouachi,Kamal Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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