WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Understanding tobacco-related attitudes among college and noncollege young adult hookah and cigarette users	2014	a Public Health Research Division , RTI International , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of American college health : J of ACH Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Coll.Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 62 Issue 1 Start Page 10 Other Pages 18 Notes LR: 20150422; GR: R01 CA087472/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01-CA87472/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R25 CA113710/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R25T-113710/PHS HHS/United States; GR: U01 CA154240/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U01-CA15424 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1940-3208; 0744-8481 Accession Number PMID: 24313692 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/07448481.2013.842171 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24313692 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in tobacco-related attitudes and hookah and cigarette use among college and noncollege young adults. PARTICIPANTS: Time-location samples of young adult bar patrons in San Diego, California (N = 2,243), Tulsa (N = 2,095) and Oklahoma City (N = 2,200), Oklahoma, Albuquerque (N = 1,044) and Las Cruces (N = 894), New Mexico, between September 2009 and July 2011. METHODS: Multinomial logistic regression examined associations between hookah and cigarette use and tobacco-related attitudes. RESULTS: Current college students and graduates are less likely to smoke cigarettes, but more likely to use hookah. Among current hookah users, 22.6% were hookah-only users and 77.4% were dual users (cigarettes and hookah). College status is associated with different hookah use patterns, and those with anti-tobacco industry attitudes were more likely to smoke hookah. CONCLUSIONS: Novel interventions are needed for college students using hookah. Existing strategies targeting smokers with anti-tobacco industry messages may be irrelevant to hookah users. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lee,Y.O., Bahreinifar,S., Ling,P.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3920485 Editors
A multiyear assessment of hookah use prevalence among Florida high school students	2014	Department of Behavioral Science and Community Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 16 Issue 3 Start Page 373 Other Pages 377 Notes JID: 9815751; 2013/12/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24346322 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntt188 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24346322 Abstract INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hookah use among Florida high school students over time. Alternative tobacco products, including hookah, pose a public health threat to tobacco prevention efforts, especially among adolescents. METHODS: Florida Youth Tobacco Survey data, representing all public high school students in the state, were analyzed to assess the prevalence of lifetime and current hookah use and were compared by demographic groups. Multiple years of data (2007-2012) were examined to assess changes over time. RESULTS: During the past 6 years, there was an increase in lifetime hookah use among Florida high school students. While males remained at a higher rate overall, female adolescents increased at a faster rate. Hispanic and non-Hispanic White respondents reported increased trends as well. Current use trends did not change over 4 years, remaining at about 8%. CONCLUSIONS: Hookah is a new tobacco product in the United States that appears attractive to youth, with dramatic increases among the state population. While cigarette use among youth is declining in Florida, the increasing uptake of alternative tobacco products may lessen the overall public health gains for tobacco use. There is a need for continued monitoring of hookah use among the adolescent population, for both prevention and cessation efforts as well as policy interventions to address this emerging trend. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Barnett,T.E., Forrest,J.R., Porter,L., Curbow,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131217 PMCID Editors
Multiple tobacco product use among adults in the United States: cigarettes, cigars, electronic cigarettes, hookah, smokeless tobacco, and snus	2014	RTI International, Public Health Research Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Electronic address: younlee@rti.org.; RTI International, Public Health Research Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; RTI International, Public Health R	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 62 Issue Start Page 14 Other Pages 19 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0322116; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/08/19 [received]; 2014/01/09 [revised]; 2014/01/12 [accepted]; 2014/01/16 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0260; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 24440684 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.01.014 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24440684 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Noncigarette tobacco products are increasingly popular. Researchers need to understand multiple tobacco product use to assess the effects of these products on population health. We estimate national prevalence and examine risk factors for multiple product use. METHOD: We calculated prevalence estimates of current use patterns involving cigarettes, cigars, electronic cigarettes, hookah, smokeless tobacco, and snus using data from the 2012 RTI National Adult Tobacco Survey (N=3627), a random-digit-dial telephone survey of adults aged 18 and over. Associations between use patterns (exclusive single product and multiple products) and demographic characteristics were examined using Pearson chi-square tests and logistic regression. RESULTS: 32.1% of adults currently use 1 or more tobacco products; 14.9% use cigarettes exclusively, and 6.6% use one noncigarette product exclusively, 6.9% use cigarettes with another product (dual use), 1.3% use two noncigarette products, and 2.4% use three or more products (polytobacco use). Smokers who are young adult, male, never married, reside in the West, and made prior quit attempts were at risk for multiple product use. CONCLUSIONS: Over 10% of U.S. adults use multiple tobacco products. A better understanding of multiple product use involving combustible products, like cigars and hookah, is needed. Multiple product use may be associated with past quit attempts. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Lee,Y.O., Hebert,C.J., Nonnemaker,J.M., Kim,A.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140116 PMCID Editors
Prevalence of waterpipe (Shisha, Narghille, Hookah) use among adults in Great Britain and factors associated with waterpipe use: data from cross-sectional Online Surveys in 2012 and 2013	2014	Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; granta2@cardiff.ac.uk.; ASH Scotland, Edinburgh, UK;; ASH, Action on Smoking and Health, London, UK.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 16 Issue 7 Start Page 931 Other Pages 938 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 2014/02/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24550183 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu015 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24550183 Abstract INTRODUCTION: We assessed the prevalence and frequency of waterpipe smoking among adults (aged 18+ years) in Great Britain (GB) and determined demographic factors associated with use. METHODS: We used cross-sectional representative population surveys conducted online in 2012 and 2013. A total of 12,436 adults in 2012 and 12,171 in 2013 were recruited from a commercial online survey panel. RESULTS: The prevalence of ever use of waterpipe across both survey years combined was 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.0-12.1). Frequent use (at least once or twice a month) was 1.0% (95% CI = 0.8-1.2) and was similar in both 2012 and 2013. There was some suggestion of increased ever but not frequent use among 18-24-year-olds between survey years. After adjustment for covariates, females had lower odds of ever waterpipe use than males (odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.63-0.79), those in the lowest social grade had lower odds of use compared to those in the highest social grade (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.35-0.54), older people were at much lower odds of ever use than younger people, ever having smoked cigarettes increased odds of ever waterpipe use, and being Asian (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.39-2.45) or of mixed ethnicity (OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.64-3.40) increased likelihood of ever use compared to White ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent waterpipe smoking was relatively rare in these representative samples of the GB adult population, and prevalence was similar between 2012 and 2013. Continued monitoring and targeted interventions are appropriate. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Grant,A., Morrison,R., Dockrell,M.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140218 PMCID Editors
Determinants of gastroesophageal reflux disease, including hookah smoking and opium use- a cross-sectional analysis of 50,000 individuals	2014	Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Transitional Epidemiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, Uni	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 21-Feb Volume 9 Issue 2 Start Page e89256 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150813; GR: C20/A5860/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; GR: Intramural NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101285081; 8008-60-4 (Opium); OID: NLM: PMC3931722; 2014 [ecollection]; 2013/11/11 [received]; 2014/01/17 [accepted]; 2014/02/21 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 24586635 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089256 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24586635 Abstract BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common cause of discomfort and morbidity worldwide. However, information on determinants of GERD from large-scale studies in low- to medium-income countries is limited. We investigated the factors associated with different measures of GERD symptoms, including frequency, patient-perceived severity, and onset time. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from a population-based cohort study of approximately 50,000 individuals in in Golestan Province, Iran. GERD symptoms in this study included regurgitation and/or heartburn. RESULTS: Approximately 20% of participants reported at least weekly symptoms. Daily symptoms were less commonly reported by men, those of Turkmen ethnicity, and nass chewers. On the other hand, age, body mass index, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, opium use, lower socioeconomic status, and lower physical activity were associated with daily symptoms. Most of these factors showed similar associations with severe symptoms. Women with higher BMI and waist to hip ratio were more likely to report frequent and severe GERD symptoms. Hookah smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.75) and opium use (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.55-1.87) were associated with severe symptoms, whereas nass chewing had an inverse association (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.99). After exclusion of cigarette smokers, hookah smoking was still positively associated and nass chewing was inversely associated with GERD symptoms (all frequencies combined). CONCLUSION: GERD is common in this population. The associations of hookah and opium use and inverse association of nass use with GERD symptoms are reported for the first time. Further studies are required to investigate the nature of these associations. Other determinants of GERD were mostly comparable to those reported elsewhere. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Islami,F., Nasseri-Moghaddam,S., Pourshams,A., Poustchi,H., Semnani,S., Kamangar,F., Etemadi,A., Merat,S., Khoshnia,M., Dawsey,S.M., Pharoah,P.D., Brennan,P., Abnet,C.C., Boffetta,P., Malekzadeh,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140221 PMCID PMC3931722 Editors
Children's exposure to secondhand and thirdhand smoke carcinogens and toxicants in homes of hookah smokers	2014	Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Division of Health Promotion, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA; nadakassem@hotmail.com.; Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health, Graduate	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 16 Issue 7 Start Page 961 Other Pages 975 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: CA-81301/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 DA012393/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 DA012393/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA138192-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01HL103684-01A1/HL/N Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24590387 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu016 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24590387 Abstract INTRODUCTION: We examined homes of hookah-only smokers and nonsmokers for levels of indoor air nicotine (a marker of secondhand smoke) and indoor surface nicotine (a marker of thirdhand smoke), child uptake of nicotine, the carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), and the toxicant acrolein by analyzing their corresponding metabolites cotinine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and NNAL-glucuronides (total NNAL) and 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid. METHODS: Data were collected at 3 home visits during a 7-day study period from a convenience sample of 24 households with a child 5 years or younger. Three child urine samples and 2 air and surface samples from the living room and the child bedroom were taken in homes of nonsmokers (n = 5) and hookah-only smokers (n = 19) comprised of daily hookah smokers (n = 8) and weekly/monthly hookah smokers (n = 11). RESULTS: Nicotine levels in indoor air and on surfaces in the child bedrooms in homes of daily hookah smokers were significantly higher than in homes of nonsmokers. Uptake of nicotine, NNK, and acrolein in children living in daily hookah smoker homes was significantly higher than in children living in nonsmoker homes. Uptake of nicotine and NNK in children living in weekly/monthly hookah smoker homes was significantly higher than in children living in nonsmoker homes. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide the first evidence for uptake of nicotine, the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen NNK, and the ciliatoxic and cardiotoxic agent acrolein in children living in homes of hookah smokers. Our findings suggest that daily and occasional hookah use in homes present a serious, emerging threat to children's long-term health. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Kassem,N.O., Daffa,R.M., Liles,S., Jackson,S.R., Kassem,N.O., Younis,M.A., Mehta,S., Chen,M., Jacob,P.,3rd, Carmella,S.G., Chatfield,D.A., Benowitz,N.L., Matt,G.E., Hecht,S.S., Hovell,M.F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140303 PMCID PMC4072898 Editors
Hookah smoking and harm perception among asthmatic adolescents: findings from the Florida youth tobacco survey	2014	Public Health, Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, 401 W. Kennedy Boulevard, Box 30F, Tampa, FL 33606.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of school health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Sch.Health Pub Date Free Form May Volume 84 Issue 5 Start Page 334 Other Pages 341 Notes CI: (c) 2014; JID: 0376370; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/05/31 [received]; 2013/08/07 [revised]; 2013/11/09 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1746-1561; 0022-4391 Accession Number PMID: 24707928 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM; N DOI 10.1111/josh.12153 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24707928 Abstract BACKGROUND: Hookah tobacco smoking has increased in prevalence among Florida adolescents and is often viewed as a safer alternative to cigarette smoking by young adults. Asthmatic adolescents are at increased risk of the negative health effects of hookah smoking. The purpose of this study is to examine if hookah use and harm perception vary by asthma status. METHODS: The Florida Youth Tobacco Survey was conducted in 2012 among 36,578 high school students. Secondary data analysis was conducted to compare the rates of hookah use among asthmatic youth to their nonasthmatic counterparts. Risk perception of hookah use compared to cigarette smoking was also assessed among asthmatic and nonasthmatic adolescents. RESULTS: One in 5 high school students reported lifetime asthma. These asthmatic students have a significantly higher prevalence of hookah smoking and greater perception of hookah use as being less harmful than cigarette smoking, than their nonasthmatic counterparts. Among asthmatics, 12th graders and Hispanic students had the highest prevalence of hookah smoking. CONCLUSION: Common misperceptions of hookah smoking as being less harmful than cigarette smoking are prominent among high school students in Florida and are greater among students with asthma than those students who do not have asthma. Efforts to increase education to dispel the myths surrounding hookah smoking as a safer alternative to cigarette smoking needs to exist at the high school level for both students with and without asthma. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American School Health Association Data Source Authors Martinasek,M.P., Gibson-Young,L., Forrest,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Bibliometric analysis of scientific publications on waterpipe (narghile, shisha, hookah) tobacco smoking during the period 2003-2012	2014	Poison Control and Drug Information Center (PCDIC), College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. saedzyoud@yahoo.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco induced diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Tob Induc Dis. Pub Date Free Form 13-Apr Volume 12 Issue 1 Start Page 7 Other Pages 12/7/9625 Notes LR: 20140418; JID: 101201591; OID: NLM: PMC3989780; 2013/11/22 [received]; 2014/04/08 [accepted]; 2014/04/13 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2070-7266; 1617-9625 Accession Number PMID: 24725483 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1186/1617-9625-12-7 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24725483 Abstract BACKGROUND: Waterpipe tobacco smoking has spread worldwide. However, the evaluation of scientific output in the field of waterpipe tobacco smoking has not been studied yet. The main objectives of this study were to analyze worldwide research output in the waterpipe tobacco smoking field, and to examine the authorship pattern and the citations retrieved from the Scopus database for over a decade. METHODS: Data from January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2012 were searched for documents with specific words regarding waterpipe tobacco smoking as "keywords" in the title. Scientific output was evaluated based on a methodology developed and used in other bibliometric studies: (a) total and trends of contributions in waterpipe tobacco smoking research between 2003 and 2012; (b) authorship patterns and research productivity; (c) collaboration patterns; (d) the citations received by the publications; and (e) areas of interest of the published papers. RESULTS: Worldwide there were 334 publications that met the criteria during the study period. The largest number of publications in waterpipe tobacco smoking were from the United States of America (USA) (33.5%), followed by Lebanon (15.3%), and France (10.5%). The total number of citations at the time of data analysis (October 18, 2013) was 4,352, with an average of 13 citations per document and a median (interquartile range) of 4.0 (1.0-16.0). The h-index of the retrieved documents was 34. The highest h-index by country was 27 for the USA, followed by 20 for Syrian Arab Republic and Lebanon. CONCLUSIONS: The present data reveal a promising rise and a good start for research activity in the field of waterpipe tobacco smoking. More effort is needed to bridge the gap in waterpipe smoking-based research and to promote better evaluation of waterpipe smoking, risks, health effects, or control services worldwide. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Zyoud,S.H., Al-Jabi,S.W., Sweileh,W.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140413 PMCID PMC3989780 Editors
What are young adults smoking in their hookahs? A latent class analysis of substances smoked	2014	Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States. Electronic address: ESutfin@wakehealth.edu.; Department of Social Scienc	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 39 Issue 7 Start Page 1191 Other Pages 1196 Notes LR: 20150806; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: R01 AA014007/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01AA014007/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS587188; OID: NLM: NIHMS587188; OID: NLM: PMC4091668; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/11/15 [received]; 2014/03/06 [ Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 24746345 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24746345 Abstract RATIONALE: Hookah smoking continues to be a popular form of tobacco use, especially among college students. Although hookahs are commonly used to smoke tobacco, anecdotal evidence suggests other substances, including herbal shisha, marijuana and hashish may be used. However, little is known about the variety of substances smoked in hookahs, or correlates associated with different substances smoked. METHODS: In fall 2010, 3447 students from 8 colleges in N.C. completed an online survey. RESULTS: 44% of students reported ever smoking tobacco from a hookah. Of those ever users, 90% reported smoking flavored tobacco in a hookah, 45% marijuana, 37% herbal (non-tobacco) shisha, and 18% hashish. Latent class analysis revealed two distinct classes. The most prevalent class (77%) primarily smoked flavored tobacco, with minimal use of herbal shisha and marijuana and virtually no use of hashish. The second class (23%) primarily smoked marijuana, hashish and flavored tobacco with moderate use of herbal shisha. Logistic regression analysis adjusting for clustering within schools revealed that males, illicit drug users, daily, nondaily and former cigarette smokers and those whose mothers had higher levels of education were significantly more likely to be in the second class compared to the first. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of lifetime use of hookah were high in our sample of college students. While the majority of hookah users smoked tobacco in hookahs, they also smoked other substances, notably marijuana and herbal shisha. Prevention efforts should recognize that students are using hookahs to smoke a variety of substances. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Sutfin,E.L., Song,E.Y., Reboussin,B.A., Wolfson,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140326 PMCID PMC4091668 Editors
FDA moves to regulate e-cigarettes and pipe and hookah tobacco	2014	Seattle.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ (Clinical research ed.) Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Pub Date Free Form 25-Apr Volume 348 Issue Start Page g2952 Other Pages Notes JID: 8900488; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1756-1833; 0959-535X Accession Number PMID: 24769725 Language eng SubFile News; AIM; IM DOI 10.1136/bmj.g2952 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24769725 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors McCarthy,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140425 PMCID Editors

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