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Prevalence of smokeless tobacco use by region, country, year, survey type, age group, and gender

S. No. Country Survey Year Title of Survey Age group (Years) Indicator Prevalence(%) (2002-2014)
            Male Female Both
WHO African Region
1 Algeria* 2010 STEPs 15+ Current SLT use 10.4 0.8 5.7
2 Benin 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 4.9 0.7  
3 Botswana 2007 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 7.2 14.5 11.1
4 Burkina Faso 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use   3.9  
5 Burundi 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 0 0.3  
6 Cameroon 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.9 0.9  
7 Cape Verde 2007 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 3.5 5.8 4.6
8 Chad* 2008 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 1.9 0.4 1.2
9 Comoros 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 7.7   3
10 Congo (Brazzaville) 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 8.3 1.5  
11 Côte d’Ivoire 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 0.6 1.3  
12 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2013 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 8.7 3.2  
13 Eritrea 2004 STEPs 15-64 Current daily SLT users 3.2    
14 Ethiopia 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.9 0.2  
15 Gabon 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 0.5 0.3  
16 Gambia 2010 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 0.8 1.4  
17 Ghana 2008 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.3 0.2  
18 Guinea* 2009 STEPs 15-64 Current SLT use 1.4 1.5 1.4
19 Kenya 2014 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 5.3 3.8 4.5
20 Lesotho 2009 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.3 9.1  
21 Liberia 2007 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 2.3 2.4  
22 Madagascar 2008 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 24.7 19.6  
23 Malawi 2010 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 0.5 0.8  
24 Mali 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 5.1 1  
25 Mauritania 2006 STEPs 15-64 Current SLT use 5.7 28.3 9
26 Mozambique 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 10.9 0.8  
27 Namibia 2007 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.8 2.3  
28 Niger 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 4.6 2.3  
29 Nigeria 2012 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 2.9 0.9 1.9
30 Rwanda 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 5.8 2.7  
31 Sao Tome and Principe 2009 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 2.6 0.7  
32 Senegal 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 6.6 0.2  
33 Sierra Leone 2013 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.5 4.7  
34 Swaziland 2007 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 2.6 0.8 1.6
35 Togo 2010 STEPs 15-64 Consumers of SLT 5.1 2.2 3.6
36 Uganda 2013 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1.7 3 2.4
37 United Republic of Tanzania 2010 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 2 0.8  
38 Zambia 2007 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 0.3 1.2  
39 Zimbabwe 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.6 0.4  
WHO Regions of America
1 Argentina 2012 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.1 0.2 0.2
2 Barbados 2007 STEPs 25+ Current SLT use 0 0.6 0.3
3 Brazil 2008 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.6 0.3 0.4
4 Canada 2010 CTUMS 15+ Current SLT use 1   1
5 Dominican Republic 2007 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.9 0.3  
6 Grenada 2010-11 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 2.2 0.3  
7 Haiti 2005-06 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use   2.5  
8 Mexico 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.3 0.3 0.3
9 Panama 2013 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1 0.5 0.8
10 Paraguay 2011 STEPs 15-74 Current SLT use 3 1.6 2.3
11 Saint Kitts and Nevis* 2007 STEPs 25-65 Current SLT use 0.3 0.1 0.1
12 Trinidad and Tobago 2011 STEPs 15-64 Current SLT use 0.5 0.3 0.4
13 United States of America 2012 NSDUH 18+ Current SLT use 7.1 0.4 3.6
14 Uruguay 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0 0 0
15 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 2011 NSDGP 18-65 Current SLT use 6.2 0.9 3.5
WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
1 Egypt 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 4.1 0.3 2.2
2 Iraq 2006 STEPs 25-65 Current SLT use 1.6 0.3 0.9
3 Libya 2009 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 2.2 0.1 1.2
4 Pakistan 2012 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 15.1 4.6 10.5
5 Qatar 2013 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1.3 0 0.7
6 Saudi Arabia 2004 STEPs 15-64 Daily users of SLT 1.3 0.5  
7 Sudan* 2005 STEPs 25-64 Users of snuff 25.9 1  
8 Tunisia 2005-06 TAHINA 35-70 Users of snuff 8.6 2.2 5.4
9 Yemen 2003 FHS 15+ El-shama users 15.1 6.2 10.7
WHO European Region
1 Armenia 2005 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 1.8 0  
2 Austria 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 7.8 1.1  
3 Azerbaijan 2006 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 0.3    
4 Belgium 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.1 0.6  
5 Bulgaria 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 0.3 0  
6 Cyprus 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 2.1 0.4  
7 Czech Republic 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 2.4 0.4  
8 Denmark 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 5.6 0.7  
9 Estonia 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 0.59 1.9  
10 Finland 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 6.8 0.1  
11 France 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.2 0.6  
12 Georgia 2010 STEPs 18-64 Current SLT use 1 0.2 0.6
13 Germany 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 3.4 3.4  
14 Greece 2013 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.2 0.2 0.2
15 Hungary 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 0.4 0.3  
16 Iceland 2008 EBS 15-89 “Daily users of SLT” 6   2.9
17 Ireland 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 2.2 0.9  
18 Italy 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.8 1.5  
19 Kyrgyzstan 2005 NEST 15+ Current users of SLT (nasvay user) 7 0.3 3.4
20 Latvia 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.3 0.2  
21 Lithuania 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.2 0.2  
22 Luxembourg 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.8 1  
23 Malta 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 5.5 1.5  
24 Netherlands 2011 EBS 15-100 Current SLT use 0.7 0.2  
25 Norway 2009 SNTHS 16-74 Current SLT use 17 5 10
26 Poland 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1 0.1 0.5
27 Portugal 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 4.4 1.1  
28 Republic of Moldova 2013 STEPs 18-69 Current SLT use 0.1 0 0
29 Romania 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 0.4 0.2  
30 Russian Federation 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1 0.2 0.6
31 Slovakia 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 3.9 0.7  
32 Slovenia 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.8 0.4  
33 Spain 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 0.4 0.2  
34 Sweden 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 27.7 7.9  
35 Switzerland 2011 SST 15+ Current SLT use 4 1.3 2.6
36 Ukraine 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.5 0 0.2
37 United Kingdom 2012 EBS 15+ Current SLT use 1.6 0.5  
38 Uzbekistan 2006 EHCS 15+ Current SLT use 22.5 0.4 11.3
WHO South-East Asia Region
1 Bhutan 2014 STEPs 18-69 Current SLT use 26.5 11 19.7
2 India 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 32.9 18.4 25.9
3 Indonesia 2011 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1.5 2 1.7
4 Maldives 2009 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 6 4.2  
5 Myanmar 2009 STEPs 15-64 Current SLT use 51.4 16.1 29.6
6 Nepal 2011 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 34.8 4.8  
7 Sri Lanka 2006 STEPs 15-64 Current SLT use 24.9 6.9 15.8
8 Thailand 2011 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 1.1 5.2 3.2
9 Timor-Leste 2009-10 DHS 15-49 Current SLT use 2.5 1.9  
WHO Western Pacific Region
1 Australia 2004 NDSHS 12+ Current SLT use 0.8 0.4 0.6
2 Cambodia 2010 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 2.2 14.9 8.8
3 China 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.7 0 0.4
4 Lao People’s Democratic Republic* 2008 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 14.6 1.1 7.9
5 Malaysia 2011 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.9 0.6 0.7
6 Micronesia (Federated States of)* 2002 STEPs 25-64 Current SLT use 22.4 3 11.4
7 Mongolia 2009 STEPs 15-64 Current SLT use 2.8 0.5 1.7
8 Niue 2011 STEPs 15+ Current SLT use 0.3 0.3 0.3
9 Philippines 2009 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 2.7 1.2 1.9
10 Viet Nam 2010 GATS 15+ Current SLT use 0.3 2.3 1.3

Source: Sinha et al., 2015