WHO work on economics and health for all needs to focus on the economics of the supply of public goods. Public goods are not limited to Paul Samuelson’s definition of the extreme case where goods are non-rival in consumption or non-excludable. Examples of public goods in the context of the WHO include the funding of the WHO itself, or the protection of refugees, but could also include the costs of R&D for new medical products, the supply of those products, and countless other items. When public goods are global, cooperation is needed to address the free rider problem. WHO should convene two meetings in 2025 on the economics of public goods.