"programme_id","programme_title","programme_language","programme_type","other_program","iso3code","country_name","program_location","area","status","start_date","end_date","brief_description","references","related_policy","new_policy","partner_gov","partner_government_details","partner_un","partner_un_details","partner_ngo","partner_ngo_details","partner_donors","partner_donors_details","partner_intergov","partner_intgov_details","partner_national_ngo","partner_nat_ngo_details","partner_research","partner_research_details","partner_private","partner_private_details","partner_other","partner_other_details","cost","fsector_0","fpartner_0","fdetails_0","fsector_1","fpartner_1","fdetails_1","fsector_2","fpartner_2","fdetails_2","fsector_3","fpartner_3","fdetails_3","fsector_4","fpartner_4","fdetails_4","fsector_5","fpartner_5","fdetails_5","fsector_6","fpartner_6","fdetails_6","fsector_7","fpartner_7","fdetails_7","fsector_8","fpartner_8","fdetails_8","fsector_9","fpartner_9","fdetails_9","fsector_10","fpartner_10","fdetails_10","fsector_11","fpartner_11","fdetails_11","fsector_12","fpartner_12","fdetails_12","fsector_13","fpartner_13","fdetails_13","fsector_14","fpartner_14","fdetails_14","fsector_15","fpartner_15","fdetails_15","fsector_16","fpartner_16","fdetails_16","fsector_17","fpartner_17","fdetails_17","fsector_18","fpartner_18","fdetails_18","fsector_19","fpartner_19","fdetails_19","fsector_20","fpartner_20","fdetails_20","fsector_21","fpartner_21","fdetails_21","fsector_22","fpartner_22","fdetails_22","fsector_23","fpartner_23","fdetails_23","fsector_24","fpartner_24","fdetails_24","fsector_25","fpartner_25","fdetails_25","fsector_26","fpartner_26","fdetails_26","fsector_27","fpartner_27","fdetails_27","fsector_28","fpartner_28","fdetails_28","fsector_29","fpartner_29","fdetails_29","fsector_30","fpartner_30","fdetails_30","fsector_31","fpartner_31","fdetails_31","fsector_32","fpartner_32","fdetails_32","fsector_33","fpartner_33","fdetails_33","fsector_34","fpartner_34","fdetails_34","fsector_35","fpartner_35","fdetails_35","fsector_36","fpartner_36","fdetails_36","fsector_37","fpartner_37","fdetails_37","fsector_38","fpartner_38","fdetails_38","fsector_39","fpartner_39","fdetails_39","fsector_40","fpartner_40","fdetails_40","fsector_41","fpartner_41","fdetails_41","fsector_42","fpartner_42","fdetails_42","fsector_43","fpartner_43","fdetails_43","fsector_44","fpartner_44","fdetails_44","fsector_45","fpartner_45","fdetails_45","fsector_46","fpartner_46","fdetails_46","fsector_47","fpartner_47","fdetails_47","fsector_48","fpartner_48","fdetails_48","fsector_49","fpartner_49","fdetails_49","action_id","theme","topic","new_topic","micronutrient","micronutrient_compound","target_group","age_group","place","delivery","other_delivery","dose_frequency","impact_indicators","me_system","target_pop","coverage_percent","coverage_type","baseline","post_intervention","social_det","social_other","elena_link","problem_0","solution_0","problem_1","solution_1","problem_2","solution_2","problem_3","solution_3","problem_4","solution_4","problem_5","solution_5","problem_6","solution_6","problem_7","solution_7","problem_8","solution_8","problem_9","solution_9","other_problems","other_lessons","personal_story","language" "6034","Desnutrición Cero","English","National","","BOL","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","on-going","06-2007","","
The Multi-sectoral Zero Malnutrition Programme focuses on children under the age of five, with a particular emphasis on children under two years of age, and, in its activities, it assigns priority to working with municipalities with a high degree of vulnerability to food insecurity. The program is a multi-sectoral effort and one of the most important challenges facing the current administration.
Bolivia has a population of 10 million people.
","http://www.imtf.org/blog/2008/06/12/bolivia-zero-malnutrition; http://webapps01.un.org/nvp/indpolicy.action?id=1262 http://www.sns.gob.bo/aplicacionesweb/pmdc1/index.php
","","","","","","","","","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","","","","","","","","","","","","65.157.257(2007-2011)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Other","Belgium| Canada| France","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","6033","","Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling","promoting better nutritional and health habits in women and children under age 5","","","Infants and young children","adults and children under age of 5","La Paz","Community-based","","Strengthened local participation through social networks promoting better nutritional and health habits in women and children under age 5, with an inter-cultural approach
","Infants under age 1 receive exclusive breastfeeding until at least 6 months old.- Children between 6 and 9 months have started complementary nourishment once 6 months old.- Families with infants between 6 and 23 months can properly identify at least 4 dangerous symptoms in order to seek help- Municipalities implementing the PDC with social organizations’ participation under a shared management (with the involvement of local and regional authorities)
","In process
","missing","missing","","chronic malnutrition prevalence in 3-48 months old children and anemia prevalence in 6 -48 months old children","","None","","Complementary feeding>>>Complementary feeding>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/complementary_feeding","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","There was created a software to register all the children, in order to have a better follow up and data-collection. (soaps)
","","English" "6034","Desnutrición Cero","English","National","","BOL","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","on-going","06-2007","","The Multi-sectoral Zero Malnutrition Programme focuses on children under the age of five, with a particular emphasis on children under two years of age, and, in its activities, it assigns priority to working with municipalities with a high degree of vulnerability to food insecurity. The program is a multi-sectoral effort and one of the most important challenges facing the current administration.
Bolivia has a population of 10 million people.
","http://www.imtf.org/blog/2008/06/12/bolivia-zero-malnutrition; http://webapps01.un.org/nvp/indpolicy.action?id=1262 http://www.sns.gob.bo/aplicacionesweb/pmdc1/index.php
","","","","","","","","","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","","","","","","","","","","","","65.157.257(2007-2011)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Other","Belgium| Canada| France","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","6035","Acute malnutrition","Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition","","","","","Children under 5 years old and pregnant woman","La Paz","Primary health care center","","Reduced micro nutrient deficiency in target population after applying supplementation strategies, fortification and complementary food.
","- Children under age 5 maintaining levels ofserum retinol (Vit A) above 20 mg/dl.- Children under age 5 maintaining normal levels of Haemoglobin (Hb)- Dairy products selected by the Program arefortified pursuant to the national regulation.- Women with malnutrition
","in process for the report of this year.
","","","","nutritional practices, complementary nourishment and micronutrient supplementation","","None","","eLENA titles related to prevention or treatment of moderate acute malnutrition in children>>>Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/child_growth|Food supplementation in children with moderate acute malnutrition>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/food_children_mam","Staff retention","A solution to the staff retention were a lot of Vacancies at different levels.","Supplies","To get more supply support in the municipalities, they got support in their management by law (f.e. decreto supremo).","Financial resources","To get more financial support in the municipalities, they got support in their management by law (f.e. decreto supremo)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","English" "6034","Desnutrición Cero","English","National","","BOL","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","on-going","06-2007","","The Multi-sectoral Zero Malnutrition Programme focuses on children under the age of five, with a particular emphasis on children under two years of age, and, in its activities, it assigns priority to working with municipalities with a high degree of vulnerability to food insecurity. The program is a multi-sectoral effort and one of the most important challenges facing the current administration.
Bolivia has a population of 10 million people.
","http://www.imtf.org/blog/2008/06/12/bolivia-zero-malnutrition; http://webapps01.un.org/nvp/indpolicy.action?id=1262 http://www.sns.gob.bo/aplicacionesweb/pmdc1/index.php
","","","","","","","","","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","","","","","","","","","","","","65.157.257(2007-2011)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Other","Belgium| Canada| France","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","6036","Maternal, infant and young child nutrition","Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)","Strengthened management capacity at the national and departmental health services network","","","Adult men and women","all","La Paz","Primary health care center|Other","structural level - departemental and municipal governments","Strengthened management capacity at the national and departmental health services network to provide comprehensive nutritional care including prevention of prevalent illnesses in women, newborns, and children under 5
","Prioritized municipalities have Comprehensive Nutrition Units (CNU/UNI) and comply with quality standards.- First-level health facilities provide comprehensive care to children under age 5 according to IMCI-Nut standard.- Children under age 2 with diagnosis of low tall receive Zinc.- Mother-Child hospitals complying with the Mother and Child Friend Hospitals Initiative 11 steps.- Lethality in Children under age 5 with severe acute malnutrition attended in reference hospitals.
","in process for the report of this year.
","","","","","","None","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","English" "6034","Desnutrición Cero","English","National","","BOL","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","on-going","06-2007","","The Multi-sectoral Zero Malnutrition Programme focuses on children under the age of five, with a particular emphasis on children under two years of age, and, in its activities, it assigns priority to working with municipalities with a high degree of vulnerability to food insecurity. The program is a multi-sectoral effort and one of the most important challenges facing the current administration.
Bolivia has a population of 10 million people.
","http://www.imtf.org/blog/2008/06/12/bolivia-zero-malnutrition; http://webapps01.un.org/nvp/indpolicy.action?id=1262 http://www.sns.gob.bo/aplicacionesweb/pmdc1/index.php
","","","","","","","","","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","","","","","","","","","","","","65.157.257(2007-2011)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Other","Belgium| Canada| France","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","6037","","Nutritional surveillance system","","","","All population groups","","","Community-based","","Strengthened nutritional surveillance capacity at national, departmental, health facilities network and community level","Sentinel municipalities submit information regarding acute and chronic malnutrition to the National Health Information System.- (Municipalities providing acute and chronic malnutrition information according to Program regulations.- Prioritized municipalities submit community nutritional surveillance information to the NHIS/SNIS.","in process for the report of this year.","","","","","","None","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","English" "6039","Chispitas program","English","National","","BOL","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","on-going","01-2006","","Ferrous sulfate syrup has been the major source of iron supplementation until 2006 for the Bolivian children. Although not documented in a systematic fashion, it was generally accepted in the country that acceptance of the syrup was low due to taste and frequently reported side effects. This and the persistently high prevalence of anemia provided the case for seeking alternative approaches to micronutrient supplementation. Stressing the importance of anemia prevention and control among children 6-59 months of age in Bolivia, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the Micronutrient Initiative (MI) proposed to the Ministry of Health and Sports (MSD) to replace syrup with Micronutrient powder (MNP) at the national level. The free distribution of MNP in Bolivia was integrated into the Desnutricion Cero (Zero Malnutrition) program, an integrated strategy to combat malnutrition in Bolivia, launched by the Morales government in 2006. The Centro de Abastecimiento de Suministros de Salud (CEASS), a national procurement agency for the MSD managed the distribution of the sachets to all 9 departments on behalf of the MSD.
","","","","Health","Ministry of Health and Sport/ Nutrition unit","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Municipalities purchase directly from the manufacturers at prices ranging from 14.50Bs (US$2.07) to 15Bs (US$ 2.15) for a box of 60 sachets.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","6038","Iron and/or folic acid","Iron supplementation","","","","Infants and young children","6-23 months","N/A","Commercial|Primary health care center","Free distribution through the government’s universal health care program, Seguro Universal Materno Infantil (SUMI).","Each child is provided with 60 Chispitas sachets every year. Caregivers are recommended to provide one sachet everyday for 60 days to their children.
","Anemia prevalence
","Both qualitative and quantitative information were collected from three different sources to evaluate diverse aspects of the implementation of the Chispitas program with an objective to:1. Asses efficiency of logistics systems management across different departments and health districts,2. Assess the acceptability of Chispitas by the caregivers across urban and rural areas, and 3. Know the adequacy of Chispitas preparation by caregivers. An external evaluation was done by the Asociacion de Instituciones de Promocion y Educacion (AIPE), a private firm, to achieve the first three objectives using the program monitoring data and external survey data in 2008. In addition, a workshop was conducted in September 2009 by researchers from Cornell University, MI and MSD to review the Chispitas program and provide feedback to further strengthen it. Later in 2010, a study was conducted provide data to develop a communications strategy by a private firm (TICs Communications) contracted by MI, and allow a comparison post-implementation (focus groups were also conducted). All studies/reviews only looked at the program from the public health system distribution point of view. The 2010 TICs study collected data from households and public health centers in both rural and urban municipalities in Bolivia, in each of the 9 departments of the country. The sample sizes are not large enough however to be nationally representative.
","400000 (50%)","N/A","","","","None","","Intermittent iron supplementation in preschool and school-age children>>>Intermittent iron supplementation in preschool and school-age children>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/iron_infants","Staff skills/training","Demonstration of Chispitas preparation at the health center and explaining the benefits of Chispitas to the caregivers were identified as key strategies that could be implemented to improve acceptance among caregivers. Important factors that affect the demand for Chispitas are the capacity of health personnel, availability of promotional material, incentives and support to staff, and availability of the product itself at the local level.","Staff retention","Demonstration of Chispitas preparation at the health center and explaining the benefits of Chispitas to the caregivers were identified as key strategies that could be implemented to improve acceptance among caregivers. Important factors that affect the demand for Chispitas are the capacity of health personnel, availability of promotional material, incentives and support to staff, and availability of the product itself at the local level.","Adherence","Demonstration of Chispitas preparation at the health center and explaining the benefits of Chispitas to the caregivers were identified as key strategies that could be implemented to improve acceptance among caregivers. Important factors that affect the demand for Chispitas are the capacity of health personnel, availability of promotional material, incentives and support to staff, and availability of the product itself at the local level.","Supplies","Demonstration of Chispitas preparation at the health center and explaining the benefits of Chispitas to the caregivers were identified as key strategies that could be implemented to improve acceptance among caregivers. Important factors that affect the demand for Chispitas are the capacity of health personnel, availability of promotional material, incentives and support to staff, and availability of the product itself at the local level.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Inclusion of Chispitas in the Desnutricion Cero strategy strengthened nutrition policy and dialogue in Bolivia generally and the Chispitas distribution program took advantage of that for immediate national implementation. Smaller scale implementation initially with good quality monitoring may have facilitated the identification and timely resolution of problems related to supply, knowledge, acceptance and utilization. The decision to immediately implement at scale diverted financial and human resources from these necessary start-up activities and left little room for the in-depth monitoring required for the timely identification and resolution of problems with the program design and barriers to appropriate implementation. Because of the national scale of the program, implications and problems need to be identified and potential solutions explored at large scale, resulting in complexities and delays in the public health systematical ability to do so.The legal framework, i.e., change of the regulation and inclusion of Chispitas in the insurance commodity package was an important step towards national implementation of the program.
","","English" "8900","Suplementaion de Micronutrientes Espolvoreados","English","National","","GTM","Guatemala","Guatemala","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","planned","01-2012","","Programa de suplementacion con micronutrientes espolvoreados a los niños y niñas de 6 meses a menores de cinco años, con entrega semestral de 60 sobres de 1 gramo de micronutriente espolvoreado para agregar a la comida principal del niño o niña, consumo de un sobre al dia.
","","","Plan Hambre Cero 2012-2016","Health","Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social/PROSAN y Direcciones de Areas de Salud","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","El costo por sobre de micronutriente es de Q0.29, lo que hace de Insumo al año por niño suplementado un costo de Q34.80. El programa incluye el costo por arrendamiento de Bodegas y logística o entrega del Insumo al puesto de atención, estos ultimos no se han estimado por ser el primer año de implementación a Nivel Nacional. El costo del Recurso Humano no se estima porque son los mismos proveedores de los servicios de salud del MSPAS.El programa se estimó una cobertura del 60% de la poblacion menor de cinco años.","Government","Finance","Ministerio de Finanzas Publicas","UN","United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","UNICEF Guatemala","UN","United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA)","PMA Guatemala","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","8899","","Multiple micronutrients supplementation","","Folic acid|Vitamin A|Iron|Zinc|Vitamin C","Sobre de un gramo con •Vitamina A como acetato -USP-FCC de 300 microgramos RE (Equivalente de Retinol).•Hierro 12.5 mg como Fumarato Ferroso encapsulado (Descote TH, Fumarato Ferroso 60% Ultra código de producto 94842, de Particle Dynamics USA), o como 12.5mg de Hierro Glicinoquelado.•Zinc como Gluconato de Zinc -USP-FCC de 10.0mg.•Vitamina C como Acido Ascórbico USP-FCC- 30mg.•Acido Fólico - USP-FCC 160microgramos. ","Infants and young children","Niños y niñas de 6 a 59 meses","Pais Guatemala","Primary health care center","","Entrega de 60 sobres cada seis meses por niño
","Total de niños niños/as menores de cinco años con segunda entrega de micronutrientes espolvoreados/ total de niños menores de cinco años
","Reporte Sistema de Informacion Gerencial en Salud -SIGSA- Formato VME
","1,265,023 niños y niñas","60%","Period","80% de cobertura de niños suplementados","Reduccion de Prevalencia de anemia
","Vulnerable groups","","","Others, please specify below","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","English" "8904","Suplementacion con Vitamina A","Spanish","National","","GTM","Guatemala","Guatemala","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","on-going","","","Programa de Suplementacion con megadosis de Vitamina A a los niños de 6 a 60 meses de edad
","","","Plan Hambre Cero","Health","Direcciones de Areas de Salud con su red de servicios","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","El costo de la Perla es de Q0.40 Se administran dos perlas al año por niño, a partir de los seis meses.El costo de la logística y del Recurso Humano es parte del presupuesto del Ministerio de Salud Publica y es el mismo personal de salud que brinda la atención en lo servicios. ","UN","United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","La vitamina A es donada por la Iniciativa de Micronutrientes de Canada a travéz de UNICEF Guatemala","Government","Health","El Ministerio de Salud Publica asume la logística y la administración de las perlas","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","8903","","Vitamin A supplementation","","Vitamin A","Perlas de 200,000 Unidades Internacionales de Vitamina APerlas de 100,000 Unidades Internacionales de Vitamina A","Infants and young children","Niños y niñas de 6 a 60 meses de edad","Guatemala","Primary health care center","","A los niños y niñas de 6 meses a menores de un año se le administra una dosis unica de 100,000 unidades Internacionales de Vitamina
A los niños y niñas de un año a menores de cinco años se le administra cada seis meses una perla de 200,000 unidades Internacionales de Vitamina.
Esta actividad la realiza el personal de los servicios de salud
","Numero de niños y niñas de 6 meses a menores de cinco años suplementados con Vitamina A * 100
Numero de niños y niñas menores de cinco años
","","1,581,280 correspondiente al 60% de la poblacion","90% de cobertura","Period","Niños y niñas menores de 60 meses con deficiencia de Vitamina A ","Niños y niñas menores de 60 meses Sin deficiencia de Vitamina A","Vulnerable groups","","Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age>>>Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/vitamina_children","Others, please specify below","Embalar en frascos de 100 perlas y detectar puntos críticos en la logística del Insumo","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Spanish" "11473","A2Z: The USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project","English","Multi-national","","TZA","United Republic of Tanzania","Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","completed","01-2006","01-2011","A2Z: The USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project consolidates, builds, and expands on USAID's long-term investment in micronutrients, child survival, and nutrition. A2Z takes proven interventions to scale, introduces innovation, expands services, and builds sustainable programs to increase the use of key micronutrient and blindness interventions to improve child and maternal health. With work in vitamin A supplementation of children, newborn vitamin A, food fortification, maternal and child anemia control, monitoring and evaluation, and health systems strengthening, A2Z's focus countries have included Bangladesh, Cambodia, the East, Central and Southern Africa region, India, Nepal, Philippines, Tanzania, Uganda and West Bank.
","While Tanzania has achieved high vitamin A supplementation coverage over the past few years, there is concern that this achievement is fragile because of decentralization. A2Z is supporting national, zonal, regional, and district health teams to institutionalize twice-yearly distributions through ongoing advocacy and routine planning and budgeting. This activity is conducted in collaboration with the National Program for Extension of Tools and Strategies, the Tanzania Essential Health Interventions Project, Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, the Tanzania Food and Nutrition Center (TFNC), and UNICEF. To foster sustainable vitamin A supplementation, the A2Z project is supporting behavior change communication through community workers and a popular radio serial. Based on information gathered on sustainability indicators by TFNC with support of A2Z and HKI, those districts that have not yet integrated funding for vitamin A supplementation in their plans are receiving additional technical support. Several resources developed in Tanzania are available to ensure program sustainability.
","Given the twice-yearly nature of the VAS program as well as its historic evolution from immunization campaigns, it is easy for district staff to see the program as separate from their regular day-to-day work. Considering the program to be part of the routine work for the district is critical for sustainability, and is reflected in both attitudes and the support provided to the program. Ninety-one (76%) of the 119 districts regarded implementation of the twice-yearly VAS and deworming program to be a routine activity. About 84% considered VAS and deworming a very important service, and 99% thought the service should continue. Although the majority of the districts viewed VAS/deworming as a routine activity, more than half (55%) had not yet included VAS/deworming services in their routine supervision checklist. Moreover, payment of allowances to staff for VAS/deworming while at their normal duty stations implies that these services were viewed as special rather than routine. The allowance scheme in particular, with an excessive number of supervisors at some distribution sites and inadequate supervision at other sites, may increase a district’s vulnerability to a decline in coverage. Overall, 11 districts (9%) were judged vulnerable with low sustainability related to supervision and monitoring
","Those districts that have not yet integrated funding for vitamin A supplementation ","","","","","Vulnerable groups","","Vitamin A supplementation in neonates>>>Vitamin A supplementation in neonates>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/vitamina_neonatal","Others, please specify below","For an activity to be sustained, it must be considered part of the district’s regular activities, and thus must be included in the annual planning process.","Management","The VAS program requires clear management for effective and efficient implementation, and thoughtful management also reflects the value placed on the program. Poor management may make the program vulnerable, and less likely to be sustained in an effective fashion.","Supplies","The VAS program depends on effective logistics, and capsule and promotional materials must reach distribution sites on time and in adequate quantities for the program to be effective. Poor logistics supply management makes the program vulnerable. Adequate communication between programs and departments within district councils facilitated effective use of available resources in 117 (98%) of the districts assessed.","Financial resources","Ensuring adequate provision for the VAS/deworming program within the basket fund can improve the financial sustainability of the program.","Insufficient staff","Twice yearly VAS distribution involves extended outreach to communities, and thus requires significant mobilization of both health staff and community volunteers. Failure to plan for adequate human resources is likely to place districts at risk of not sustaining their coverage achievements.","","","","","","","","","","","","Planning
Districts should be encouraged to budget for the program in their own CCHP budget including the basket fund which is considered the most reliable source of funds. Once basket funds are planned, they cannot be reallocated
Advocacy and community ownership
The program is more likely to continue effectively if it is understood and valued by community members who are involved with planning and implementation.
Management and Leadership
Efforts should be made to protect the current best practices in management and leadership reported in most of the districts.
Logistics Supply
Key actors at the national level need to ensure timely procurement and delivery of supplies to the districts
Supervision and Monitoring
Districts should determine the appropriate number of site supervisors to contain costs and include VAS/deworming in the routine supervision checklist to ensure that children missed during the twice-yearly events are reached through “mop up” actions.
Advocasy and Community Ownership
The successful efforts to date should continue to build community ownership of the program through well-designed, regular sensitization meetings and advocacy to engage the community, mobilize participation, and raise the profile of VAS/deworming events.
Availability of Financial Resources
Ensuring adequate provision for the VAS/deworming program within the basket fund can improve the financial sustainability of the program.
Availability of Human Resources
Local councils and the central government need to fill staff positions and find secure mechanisms to ensure mobilization of adequate human resources to sustain service delivery.
Programme Effectiveness
Efforts should be made to maintain the high performance of the majority of districts and help the few low performing districts improve their coverage.
","","English" "11473","A2Z: The USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project","English","Multi-national","","TZA","United Republic of Tanzania","Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","Urban|Rural|Peri-urban","completed","01-2006","01-2011","A2Z: The USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project consolidates, builds, and expands on USAID's long-term investment in micronutrients, child survival, and nutrition. A2Z takes proven interventions to scale, introduces innovation, expands services, and builds sustainable programs to increase the use of key micronutrient and blindness interventions to improve child and maternal health. With work in vitamin A supplementation of children, newborn vitamin A, food fortification, maternal and child anemia control, monitoring and evaluation, and health systems strengthening, A2Z's focus countries have included Bangladesh, Cambodia, the East, Central and Southern Africa region, India, Nepal, Philippines, Tanzania, Uganda and West Bank.
","With advocacy from A2Z/HKI and other donors, the Government of Tanzania in December 2006 adopted a policy for the use of zinc for the treatment of diarrhea. A2Z/HKI provided technical support to the National IMCI coordinator to incorporate zinc therapy as part of diarrhea management and developed modified IMCI guidelines. Zinc treatment and low osmolarity solution oral rehydration salts (ORS) have been incorporated into the National Standard Therapeutic Guidelines. The project facilitated formative research to learn about the health-seeking practices of the community around diarrhea by Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre and Johns Hopkins University. The formative research also tested the acceptability of zinc treatment for diarrhea among mothers and caretakers. The findings of the study are expected to be used to assist in the development of health worker training modules and behavior change communication materials for use by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and the community.
","Under-five mortality rate
","","","","","","","Vulnerable groups","","Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea>>>Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/zinc_diarrhoea","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The project facilitated formative research to learn about the health-seeking practices of the community around diarrhea by Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre and Johns Hopkins University.
","","English" "11489","Nutritional Improvement for children in urban Chile and Kenya (NICK) Project","English","Multi-national","","KEN","Kenya","Mombasa, Kenya","Urban","on-going","01-2010","01-2013","NICK (Nutritional Improvement for children in urban Chile and Kenya) is a three year study that started in October 2010 with funding from the UK Government Department for International Development (DFID) through the Economic and Social Research Council. This study helps the cities of Mombasa in Kenya and Valparaíso in Chile reduce child malnutrition using participatory action research to broaden stakeholder participation at municipal level to change the social determinants. These determinants control the everyday conditions in which people are living and include education, income, working conditions, housing, neighbourhood and community conditions, and social inclusion. It is envisaged that this study will contribute to existing knowledge and also serve as a useful guide for action not only in Kenya and Chile but also in other countries with high levels of child malnutrition.
The NICK project is being implemented in one Mombasa informal settlement (with one matched control settlement). The project, which started on October 1st 2010 and ends on September 30th 2013, is guided by the following central question: Can child malnutrition amongst families living in poverty in informal settlements and slums in Mombasa and Valparaíso be reduced through broadening community and stakeholder participation to change the social determinants of nutritional status?
The project seeks to address the following research questions:
Given the recognition that the determinants of child malnutrition are systemic and require multi-disciplinary concerted efforts to address, the Kenyan research team decided to explore ways of ensuring that the project is integrated into the national efforts that focus on child nutrition. The initial steps, therefore, involved holding discussions with the Nutrition Division in the Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation (MOPHS). During these discussions (in January 2011), it emerged that there are multiple efforts being put in place to strengthen interventions on child malnutrition and related problems among the urban poor. One such initiative was the proposed formation of Urban Nutrition Working Groups (UNWG).
The Kenyan NICK team considered that establishing an UNWG in Mombasa was critical entry point that would help to make NICK activities an integral part of local initiatives with a high possibility of sustainability. This UNWG would function as the participatory action research (PAR) group that was needed for the NICK Project. The team, therefore, sought the support of the national nutrition office to do the following:
Following the granting of permission to work with the Provincial Nutrition Officer, several meetings were held in Mombasa to plan for an initial meeting with local stakeholders to introduce the project and form a Participatory Action Research (PAR) group. The agreement was that the UNWG would also serve as the PAR group. The research group also met with Dr. Shariff,3 the Director of Medical Services, in the Ministry of Public Health and sanitation (MOPHS) who was supportive of NICK and emphasized the need for the project to enhance the implementation of national nutrition priorities. The team also met with members of the Kenya Food Security Steering Group (KFSSG) who had just completed a national survey on Urban Food Security.
The preparatory phase was also utilized to carry out literature reviews and interviews to consolidate the situational analysis. A research permit was acquired, which was granted by the National Council for Science and Technology. With this permit, the Kenyan research team was able to plan for the baseline survey.
(i) Formation of the Provincial Nutrition Technical Committee and UNWG
This meeting was held in Mombasa on April 29th 2011. It brought together 24 participants who were drawn from the participating government departments and other partners. During this meeting, the team agreed to form the Provincial Nutrition Technical Committee under the leadership of the Provincial Nutritionist. Thirteen members were also nominated to form the UNWG under the leadership of the District Nutrition Officer. The members were supportive of this group due to the potential to have a coordinated approach to addressing child nutrition in the region.
(ii) Conduct of the baseline survey
During the initial meeting, it was agreed that the UNWG would be involved in carrying out the baseline survey. As part of community service, the members agreed that anthropometric measurements would be done for every child up to 5 years in the two study sites of Chaani (intervention) and Kongowea (control). Over 900 children were weighed and measured. Data from children 12-59 months indicate higher than national averages for stunting, with Chaani worse off than Kongowea.
The KDHS indicates high levels of stunting and underweight in the Coastal Province.
A household baseline survey was conducted (between June and July 2011) during which over 800 households were interviewed. The main issues addressed were child nutrition, health seeking behaviour and coping mechanisms. Data analysis is ongoing. The Kenyan team is now facilitating the UNGWA through three 6-monthly cycle of action and reflection to develop, implement and improve a range of small scale multisectiorial action to change the social determinants of child undernutrition.
(iii) 1st UNWG/PAR workshop – July 2011
This was a three-day meeting that was attended by 16 participants including the London-based researchers. A follow-up meeting for the UNWG was held on 20th July during which the first multisectorial action plan was finalised.
(iv) Community level activities
Community sensitization is ongoing. The UNWG has held meetings with health officials and village elders in Chaani (the intervention site). A public meeting was held with the community members on 7th November 2011, which was attended by over 250 people. So far 17 formalized groups have been identified and the next steps are to assess the training and research needs of these groups. Support for this group, in the form of training and provision of seed funds will be initiated in January 2011.
","
","","","Over 800 households; Over 900 children","","Anthropometric measurements","","Vulnerable groups","","Complementary feeding>>>Complementary feeding>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/complementary_feeding","Others, please specify below","Competing interestsThe UNWG members are very busy with multiple responsibilities, which limits the amount of time they have for NICK activities, which are seen as not being directly part of their mandates. The implementation of national level campaigns, such as the polio campaign, interfered with planned programme activities.","Others, please specify below","Time constraints among Government officialsIt was difficult for the research team to interview the district level officers as key respondents for the baseline survey due to time constraints. Although some of them are interested in research they are hard pressed to put aside an hour for an interview.","Management","Managing expectationsIt has been difficult due to the low project budget. In Kenya, there is a tendency for officers to be given allowances when they attend meetings. Doing this would deplete the project budget completely. The research team has shared the project budget with the UNWG and an agreement has been reached to facilitate travel but not to provide ‘sitting allowances’ as a compromise.","Adherence","Balancing between studies and field activitiesCombining the field activities and the research activities of the extension research project on domestic violence and child undernutrition led to some delay in the implementation of community level activities and the 2nd PAR workshop. These activities will be initiated in earnest in January 2012. The PAR workshop will be held in February 2012","","","","","","","","","","","","","","
The current project implementation process introduces a different mechanism of working in partnership at the community level for the implementation partners. Although the project has experienced some challenges, the achievement to-date indicates that with more support and additional training, the UNWG is in a position to implement sustainable interventions to address the social determinants of child nutrition. The baseline survey tools that will be used at the end of the project will be a good measure of whether this approach will have borne the anticipated outcome of multiple implementers working together for the common good.
","","English" "11493","Strengthening Agricultural Technologies among People Living with HIV: Lessons Learned in the Border Towns of Busia, Kenya and Busia, Uganda","English","Multi-national","","KEN|UGA","Kenya|Uganda","Busia, Kenya|Busia, Uganda","Rural|Peri-urban","completed","01-2007","01-2008","The Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project (FANTA) of the Academy for Educational Development (AED) and the Ministry of Health (MOH) AIDS Control Programs (ACPs) in Kenya and Uganda worked together between 2007 and 2008 to integrate nutrition into the activities of HIV support groups in the border towns of Busia Uganda and Busia Kenya, funded by USAID/East Africa. The aim was to build skills in nutrition and disseminate national materials on nutrition and HIV developed by the national ACPs. However, PLHIV in the border towns increasingly reported lack of access to adequate food, in terms of quantity and variety, as the main reason they could not apply the dietary practices recommended during counseling sessions. In response, between September 2007 and September 2008 FANTA and the ROADS Project collaborated to facilitate the diffusion and use of appropriate technologies to improve the productivity of PLHIV agricultural activities developed under the ROADS Project in the two border towns.
","http://www.fantaproject.org/downloads/pdfs/FANTA_Busia2008.pdf
","8762|8576|8430|8302|8241|8671|8237","","Food and agriculture","Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Culture and Social Services, Kenya│Ministry of Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF), Uganda│National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS), Uganda","","","Family Health International (incl.AED)","","","","","","National NGOs","AIDS Support Organisation; National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Uganda","Research/academia","Busia Agricultural Training Centre (BATC) in Kenya, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI)","","","Other","Africa 2000 Network","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","US Agency for International Development (USAID)","East Africa","Other","","Busia Parish Catholic Church, Kenya","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","11492","","Promotion of food security and agriculture","","","","Pregnant/lactating women with HIV/AIDS","","Busia , Kenya and Busia Uganda","Community-based","","The process involved identifying simple technologies to increase farm and garden outputs and linking clusters of people living with HIV (PLHIV) with local agricultural institutions including the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), Department of Culture and Social Services, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), and Busia Agricultural Training Centre (BATC) in Kenya and the MOA, Ministry of Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF), National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), and National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) in Uganda, as well as community development officers, community-based organizations (CBOs), and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the districts. FANTA facilitated the development of a participatory learning process to motivate groups of PLHIV to learn the new technologies to increase farm and garden output.
In phase one of the participatory learning process, FANTA and ROADS helped members of the clusters and agricultural institutions understand the agricultural technologies used in Busia, Kenya and Busia, Uganda to improve productivity. Phase two facilitated a process of linking cluster with agricultural institutions to help cluster members implement existing technologies that they had not widely used and to assess the impact of the process on the adaptation of the technologies. Neither FANTA nor ROADS invested substantial funds in the process, but provide technical assistance and connected the clusters to locally available technical assistance and support.
Three sensitization meetings were held, one joint meeting between cluster representatives, the FHI Cluster Coordinators, and FANTA staff and two meetings with groups on either side of the border. The meetings laid the foundation for agreement on the purpose of the activity and sharing of expectations. Over a period of two weeks, the group representatives identified viable and interesting agricultural technologies used in their localities and discussed how easily they could be implemented by PLHIV living in the towns (urban setting) and how they could improve their food diversity. In meetings with the agricultural institutions (mainly from Kenya), examples of agricultural technologies and activities were identified and discussed. Ministry of Agriculture and BATC extension personnel were available in the meetings to explain the different technologies.
The cross-border learning process was initiated by 14 representatives of the Ugandan clusters, who visited their peers on the Kenyan side of the border in November 2007. For two days they visited homes and training centers to see different agricultural technologies and livelihood activities implemented in Kenya and discussed the
feasibility of their adoption in their own context. At BATC the Ugandan visitors toured all the Group identification of learning content and methodology Preliminary sensitization meetings with cluster groups Group consultative meetings Meetings of Cluster representatives with departments of agriculture, NGOs, research institutions, and farmer training Cross‐border learning and home visits Arrange meetings among ROADS representatives, cluster representatives from Kenya and Uganda, and FANTA. Explain the different technologies that could be used in the locale and by PLHIV. Agree on how groups would implement the technologies and priorities. Group consensus meetings See different technologies in the communities and discuss.
Visits were also made to school gardens, community land (e.g., belonging to clusters of orphans and vulnerable children [OVC] in Kenya), seed multiplication sites, and farmer training centers. The cluster members discussed opportunities for and challenges of implementing similar activities in the urban Uganda context. Group consensus meetings were held to prioritize what the clusters wanted to learn about and the optimal methods of learning.
","The Community-Based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is one of World Vision’s core project models in nutrition. The CMAM approach enables community volunteers to identify and initiate treatment by referring children with acute malnutrition before they become seriously ill. Caregivers provide treatment for the majority of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the home using Ready-to-Use-Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) and receiving routine medical care at a local health facility. When necessary, severely malnourished children who have medical complications or lack an appetite are referred to in-patient facilities for more intensive treatment. CMAM programs also work to integrate treatment with a variety of other longer-term interventions such as Nutrition Education, Infant and Young Child Feeding and Food Security. These interventions are designed to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and improve public health and food security in a sustainable manner.
There are four key components to the CMAM approach: Community Mobilisation, Supplementary Feeding Program (SFP), Outpatient Therapeutic Program (OTP), and Stabilisation Centre/In-patient Care (SC). On the most part, World Vision does not set up Stabilisation Centres but instead works closely with existing local health institutions or medical NGOs to provide these services.
World Vision has been operational in Niger for almost two decades – implementing a wide range of long-term development activities across the country. Their work is structured alongside the model of comprehensive area development programs (known internally as ADPs). Each ADP has a Health & Nutrition component which seeks to deliver support through (while simultaneously strengthening) local health structures. In July 2005 and as a result of the 2005 food crisis in Niger that year, World Vision launched a community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) program based on the National Protocol for the Management of Acute Malnutrition. At that time, contacts were made with Valid International – aimed at establishing a partnership for an effective and quality delivery of the CMAM program. An institutional agreement between World Vision and Valid International was reached in July 2006, thus paving the way for the provision of technical support to the Niger CTC (now called CMAM) program.
As a part of the national nutrition strategy, WV is currently implementing CMAM in many decentralized government health centers throughout the country, with the support of partner NGOs (ex. Medecins Sans Frontieres). From the onset of CMAM program implementation, It has been integrated within the Ministry of Health structures such as the CSIs (Integrated Health Centers) with regular trainings of MOH health staff at national, regional and CSI levels based on the most revised version of the National Protocol, ultimately leading to the final version (i.e. Protocole Nationale de prise en Charge de la Malnutrition. MOH Publique/UNICEF/OMS. Juin 2009).
","Evaluation of World Vision Niger Emergency Nutrition Programme, Tillaberi and Niamey Regions (Jul 2010 - Jul 2011), Bernadette Feeney, Technical Advisor, Valid International.
Evaluation Semi-Quantitative de l’Accessibilité et de la Couverture (SQUEAC) CSI appuyés par World Vision ADP de Kornaka West, Gobir Yamma, Chadakori et Goulbi Kaba Région de Maradi, République du Niger, (22 mars au 15 avril, 2011), Allie Norris, Consultante Mobilisation, Valid International.
Rapport De La Mobilisation Sociale Dans Le Cadre Du Redémarrage des Activités Du Programme De World Vision de Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë Régions de Zinder, Maradi et Tillabéri, Niger (13 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Allie Norris et Gabriele Walz Techniciennes de Mobilisation Sociale, Valid International.
Formation sur la “Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë” (PCMA) ADP de Zinder & de Tillabéri (20 juin au 19 juillet, 2010); ADP de Maradi (20 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante PCMA et Bernadette Feeneey, Valid International.
Evaluation Finale Du Programme CTC Dans La Région De Zinder World Vision, Niger (06 au 18 Juin, 2008), El Hadji Issakha Diop, CTC Advisor, Valid International.
Rapport De L’enquête De Couverture Du Projet CTC Exécuté Par World Vision ADPs De Kassama, DTk Et Gamou Région De Zinder Niger (Avril- Mai, 2007), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante CTC, Valid International.
Programme CTC de World Vision dans la région de Zinder, Niger : Evaluation à mi- parcours (11- 18 Mai, 2007), El Hadji Issakha Diop, Consultant CTC, Valid International.
Visite au programme CTC Région de Zinder (WV Niger), (13 – 24 Février, 2007) Montse Saboya, Valid International.
Mobilisation Communautaire Visite Technique au Programme de CTC Zinder, Niger, (20 février – 2 mars, 2007), Saul Guerrero & Nyauma Nyasani, Consultants de développement communautaire et social, Valid International.
Community Mobilisation aspects of the World Vision CTC Programme, Zinder Region, Niger (Aug 4 - 18, 2006), Saul Guerrero, Valid International.
Assessment for CTC World Vision in Niger (Jul - Aug, 2006), Valid International.
Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition Model: http://www.wvi.org/nutrition/project-models/cmam
","","","Health","Gouvernement du Niger et la Direction Departementale de la Sante Publique et la Direction de la Nutrition (DN/MSP)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Currency: US Dollars (USD)Purposes: Salaries & Benefits; Supplies & Materials; Travel & Transportation; Training & Consulting; Monitoring & Evaluation; Occupancy; Communications; Equipment.Action: Covers all actions","International NGOs","World Vision International","World Vision is a global Christian relief, development and advocacy organisation dedicated to working with children, families and communities to overcome poverty and injustice. http://www.wvi.org (WV Canada, WV US, WV Taiwan, WV UK, WV New Zealand, WV Germany, and WV Switzerland are support offices)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","","The Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) brings 14 leading UK aid charities together in times of crisis: Action Aid, Age International, British Red Cross, CAFOD, Care International, Christian Aid, Concern Worldwide, Islamic Relief, Merlin, Oxfam, Plan UK, Save the Children, Tearfund and World Vision; all collectively raising money to reach those in need quickly. http://www.dec.org.uk/about-dec","UN","World Food Programme (WFP)","The World Food Programme (WFP) is the United Nations' frontline agency in the fight against hunger. It responds to emergencies, saving lives by getting food to the hungry fast, and it also works to help prevent hunger in the future. http://www.wfp.org (The WFP provides WVN direct supply of food for SFP in different CSI).","UN","United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is the main UN organization defending, promoting and protecting children's rights. UNICEF works to improve the social and economic conditions of children by increasing children's access to health care, safe drinking water, food, and education; protecting children from violence and abuse; and providing emergency relief after disasters. http://www.unicef.org","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)","The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) is Canada's lead agency for development assistance. http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/home","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","US Agency for International Development (USAID)","The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the United States federal government agency primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid. http://www.usaid.gov (The fund is provided through the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA))","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","The Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) is the Australian Government agency responsible for managing Australia's overseas aid programme. http://www.ausaid.gov.au/Pages/home.aspx","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)","The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) is a government organization under the Swedish Foreign Ministry responsible for administering approximately half of Sweden's budget for development aid. http://www.sida.se/English/","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","17803","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","Preschool-age children (Pre-SAC)|SAM child","6-59 months","5 regions (Zinder, Maradi, Niamey, Tillabéri, Tahoua)","Community-based","","World Vision works with communities through Area Development Programs (ADPs) that have been identified and implemented based on a series of development criteria. The ADPs serve as the basic intervention unit of the WV's multi-sectoral programs/projects (e.g. in education, water and sanitation, health, income-generating activities and sponsorship of children etc.), but the geographical areas of the ADPs do not necessarily align with administrative boundaries of the country. The whole ADP and program management structure is geared toward long-term development programming, into which the nutritional activities/programs such as Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) are integrated.
Since July/August 2005, WV Niger has been implementing and supporting the following four components of a CMAM program:
All programmatic activities are implemented through the local health structures and systems and their respective catchment areas. The majority of the OTP and SFP activities are implemented in the Integrated Health Centers (CSI) but in order to achieve greater coverage and to bring supplementary facilities closer to communities, WV has also implemented the programs in Health Posts (CS) which are satellites of CSI. Most OTP take place together with SFP in CSI but few are located in CS as well. The OTP activities, including the provision of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (Plumpy Nut) and the systematic treatments are conducted on a weekly basis, whereas the SFP activities, including the distribution of Fortified Blended Food (Premix with CSB (Corn Soya Based), oil, sugar) for MAM children and moderately malnourished PLWs are carried out bi-monthly basis. The numbers of OTP and SFP sites and staff per ADP differ depending on the target population size and needs.
The technical (nutrition related) and managerial structure of WV in Niger (WVN) includes two nutrition coordinators (East and West) and six regional nutrition supervisor mangers (one per region) who coordinate and harmonize nutritional activities through the different locations. All of them are supported by a relief-nutrition country manager based in Niamey. In each ADP, there is also a health-nutrition manager who is responsible for overseeing ADP related health and nutrition programs and staff. As the national health system is WV's principle partner, WVN staff always work in partnership/collaboration with Ministry of Health (MOH) staff. Currently, WVN staff mainly act as technical facilitators and help with the general management of the program activities such as site organization, training of the community volunteers who help during distributions, channeling food and medical supplies coming from UNICEF and WFP, and program monitoring. Depending on the ADP, there is also either one or two nurses who provides support to the MOH staff in the field.
","
OTP Outcome
Cured % (#)
> 75%
Died % (#)
< 10%
Defaulted % (#)
< 15%
Non-recovered % (#)
Regions
Reporting Period: 2010
Maradi (June-Dec)
74.5 (1540)
0.7 (14)
6.9 (143)
17.9 (371)
Niamey (Aug-Dec)
83.3 (445)
0.4 (2)
3.6 (19)
12.7 (68)
Tahoua (Aug-Dec)
86.6 (453)
1.0 (5)
10.3 (54)
2.1 (11)
Tillaberi (Jan-Dec)
86.4 (912)
1.5 (16)
11.0 (116)
1.1 (12)
Zinder (Jan-Dec)
83.6 (799)
4.3 (41)
10.0 (96)
2.1 (20)
Reporting Period: Jan - Dec, 2011
Maradi
93.5 (4510)
0.3 (16)
4.9 (235)
1.3 (62)
Niamey
NA
NA
NA
NA
Tahoua
84.2 (1054)
0.8 (10)
5.8 (72)
9.3 (116)
Tillaberi
85.5 (1484)
1.6 (27)
10.8 (187)
2.1 (37)
Zinder
94.8 (1803)
0.5 (9)
3.2 (61)
1.5 (29)
Reporting Period: Jan - Dec, 2012
Maradi
97.7 (2651)
0.1 (3)
1.5 (41)
0.7 (18)
Niamey
86.9 (839)
0.3 (3)
5.4 (52)
7.5 (72)
Tahoua
84.7 (762)
1.6 (14)
10.4 (94)
3.3 (30)
Tillaberi
89.1 (886)
1.7 (17)
8.4 (83)
0.8 (8)
Zinder
98.8 (4200)
0.3 (12)
0.1 (6)
0.8 (32)
Reporting Period: 2013
Maradi (Jan-Apr)
94.6 (546)
0.5 (3)
3.3 (19)
1.6 (9)
Niamey (Jan-May)
70.1 (129)
0.0 (0)
18.5 (34)
11.4 (21)
Tahoua (Jan-May)
92.7 (281)
0.0 (0)
4.6 (14)
2.6 (8)
Tillaberi (Jan-Mar)
95.8 (46)
0.0 (0)
4.2 (2)
0.0 (0)
Zinder (Jan-May)
99.6 (1254)
0.2 (3)
0.1 (1)
0.1 (1)
","
Ongoing monitoring and evaluation of CMAM programs is essential for ensuring program targets are being reached. As of Spring 2010, WV is using a consolidated online database management system for CMAM programs. The system is a positive transformation from the existing Excel spreadsheets (template provided by Valid International) that were used during the first few years of WV CMAM programming by National Offices. A simple and systematic data management system allows multi-level program managers to easily retrieve CMAM data and make quick and accurate decisions based on the data that is available to them. In the early days of WV CMAM implementation, prompt access the Excel database was limited to the field staff throughout the year. However, WV’s online CMAM system aims to facilitate this overall data recovery process for WV Staff located in the National, Regional and Support Offices, and Global Health Centre, as well. The online system is carefully designed to be user friendly and applicable for WV staffs across partnership. Staff members are provided with password protected login identification and can access the different online pages that are relevant to their job responsibilities. In this way, they are able to input their monthly tally sheets, generate clear reports, predict future trends (including resources), provide timely input to all internal/external requests and access raw data sheets for further analysis. Furthermore, the quantitative indicators and data collection tools closely align themselves with what has been developed and used by different MOH, facilitating a simple integrating with existing administrative systems and standards in a particular country. All WV CMAM indicators and data collection tools have been standardized to complement the existing myriad of MOH and National Office requirements, as well as the International benchmarks (e.g. SPHERE). In addition to these standard indicators, the CMAM database also includes WV contextual data (e.g. # Registered Children, # Orphans & Vulnerable Children) that is mandatory with the Partnership’s Integrated Program Management.
","ADP Name Total Population; 6-59 months Kornaka West 68,165; 15,261 Gobir Yamma 56,032; 12,934 Ouallam 572,377; 188,745 Simiri 186,528; 76,805 ","Zinder: April-May 2007, point coverage = 21.4% and period coverage = 36.1%. ","","Sept - Oct, 2005: National GAM 15.3%, SAM 1.8%; Zinder GAM 16.1%, SAM 1.2%.Sept, 2006: Maradi GAM 8.2%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.3/10,000. Oct - Nov, 2006: National GAM 10.3%, SAM 1.4%, U5M 1.08/10,000, Exclusive breastfeeding 2.2%, Complementary feeding (6-9mos) 78.4%; Zinder GAM 9.7%, SAM 1.7%; Maradi GAM 6.8%, SAM 0.6%; Tahoua GAM 12.5%, SAM 1.1%; Tillaberi GAM 11.2%, SAM 1.9%; Niamey GAM 9.2%; SAM 0.5%. June, 2007: National GAM 11.2%, SAM 1%, U5M 0.71/10,000; Tillaberi GAM 11.2%Oct - Nov, 2007: National GAM 11.0%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.81/10,000, Exclusive breastfeeding 9.0%, Complementary feeding (6-9mos) 78.4%; Zinder GAM 11.7%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 3.55/10,000, EB 9.7%, CF 68.2%; Maradi GAM 10.7%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 0.83/10,000, EB 7.6%, CF 73.9%; Tahoua GAM 13.1%, SAM 0.4%, U5M 1.62/10,000, EB 15.7%, CF 89.7%; Tillaberi GAM 7.9%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 3.14/10,000, EB 1.6%, CF 63.5%; Niamey GAM 9.9%, SAM 0.9%, U5M 1.57/10,000, EB 17.1%, CF 40.6%. June-July, 2008: National GAM 10.7%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.53/10,000; Zinder GAM 15.7%, SAM 1.9%, U5M 2.13/10,000; Maradi GAM 9.9%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 1.79/10,000; Tahoua GAM 8.4%, SAM 0.6%, U5M 1.67/10,000; Tillaberi GAM 10.1%, SAM 0.1%, U5M 1.11/10,000; Niamey GAM 6.8%, SAM 0.9%, U5M 0.34/10,000. May-June, 2010: National GAM 16.7%, SAM 3.2%; Maradi GAM 19.7%, SAM 3.9%; Zinder GAM 17.8%, SAM 3.6%; Tillaberi GAM 14.8%, SAM 2.7%. June, 2009: National GAM 12.3%, SAM 2.3%.Oct, 2010: Maradi GAM 15.5%, SAM 4.3% MAY, 2013:TILLABERRI GAM 13.3%, SAM 3.1%ZINDER GAM 11.7%, SAM 2.3%MARADI GAM 16.3%, SAM 3.0%TAHOUA GAM 13.1%, SAM 2.3%NIAMEY GAM 11.0%, 1.6%","See above","Vulnerable groups","","Treatment of dehydration in children with severe acute malnutrition>>>Treatment of dehydration in children with severe acute malnutrition>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/dehydration_sam","Supplies","Problem: There had been some difficulties in ensuring a consistent supply of RUTF. The nutritional commodities for the treatment of SAM are supplied via UNICEF through the MOH supply structure. But there were some challenges due to logistical and organisational issues, including the local/global availability of RUTF. Solution: WV established a buffer stock to resolve the issue. ","Supplies","Problem: A lack of consistent supply of medicines to the CSIs risks the increase in morbidity and mortality from illnesses such as pneumonia and malaria which are major causes of mortality in malnourished children. The care of children under the age of five are free in Niger. However, there are frequent shortage in medicinal supply. Because of the exemption of the fee and the system of cost recovery are in place, in principle UNICEF does not provide for the medicines for activities related to CMAM program although some spot supplies are available they are often inadequate. Solution: WVN is, already involved in the provision of medicines through the activities of ADP and, in case of need, the support will be intensified during this period of crisis. In addition to the routine medicines used for the treatment of the children admitted in the OTP, it would be important that WVN also considers to provide, in the event of rupture, the medicines needed to treat the pathologies associated with malnutrition.","Staff skills/training","Problem: When CTC/CMAM was launched in Niger in 2005/2006, the national/international capacity available for CTC/CMAM implementation was very limited, resulting in a low quality program.Solution: WV developed an Instituational Agreement with Valid International to build their capacity in the overall management of acute malnutrition.","Staff retention","Problem: Due to the erratic funding cycles associated with CMAM programming, it was very difficult to retain staff (Community Mobilization volunteers, MOH staff and WV Staff) when funding cycles terminate. Furthermore, there are difficulties retaining volunteers and keeping them motivated to continue their activities.Solution: WVN established permanent positions, embedded within their ADP and National management structures, for ongoing CMAM program support, including during funding disruptions. Furthermore, WVN can help improve sustainability of the self governing of CSIs and management of volunteers by building capacity of the village health committees (COGES) as an ongoing development commitment. ","Insufficient staff"," Problem: In order to respond to the increased case load of SAM, the capacity of MOH (e.g. staff at CSIs) had to be increased. Solution: Rather than placing WV staff to manage the increased caseload, WV provided training and on-going support to strengthen volunteer capacity to manage SFP which will reduce workload of the health staff in the CSI thereby enabling them to address the more severe cases of malnutrition. This strategy appeared to be very effective in helping the MOH to cope with the case load. For Example: In three of the four CSIs sampled, it was found that the volunteers managed SFP completely thus relieving the existing CSI staff to manage SAM cases. ","","","","","","","","","","","","","Zeinaba Abdoulahi lost her second child five years ago at the age of 4; his death is still a source of grief for this young Nigerien mother. Earlier this year, her fourth child, Tinoumoune, was close to death. The eight-month old girl was dehydrated and losing weight. After treating her with traditional herbal remedies, Tinoumoune continued to become physically weaker and weaker and had a fever for eight days. Zeinaba says “My child was between life and death. She was fading away. I had not a droplet of hope.” Zeinaba bundled her daughter on her back and left early in the morning to walk the seven kilometres from her village to the closest health centre, which runs a community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) programme supported by World Vision. Tinoumoune was diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition and admitted to the nutrition programme, where she was treated with ready-to-use therapeutic food. “In two weeks, she regained weight and became stronger and healthier. I’m very happy.” explains Zeinaba. The family has been spared the grief of a second lost child.
©2010 Ann Birch/World Vision ©2010 Gebregziabher Hadera/World
Mma Halima is a CMAM community volunteer in Niger. She started in this role after caring for her own malnourished son until he graduated from World Vision's CMAM programme. Mma Halima screens and refers malnourished children in her nomadic community and provides health and nutrition education. She describes the ripple effect of her son's rehabilitation through CMAM: ""Now in my community all the mothers are using mosquito nets and our children are not getting sick as before. Now I have only two malnourished children in my community. It is impressive.""
","English" "17804","Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) Programme in Niger ","English","National","","NER","Niger","Zinder, Niger|Maradi, Niger|Niamey, Niger|Tillabéry, Niger|Tahoua, Niger","Urban|Rural","on-going","07-2005","","The Community-Based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is one of World Vision’s core project models in nutrition. The CMAM approach enables community volunteers to identify and initiate treatment by referring children with acute malnutrition before they become seriously ill. Caregivers provide treatment for the majority of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the home using Ready-to-Use-Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) and receiving routine medical care at a local health facility. When necessary, severely malnourished children who have medical complications or lack an appetite are referred to in-patient facilities for more intensive treatment. CMAM programs also work to integrate treatment with a variety of other longer-term interventions such as Nutrition Education, Infant and Young Child Feeding and Food Security. These interventions are designed to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and improve public health and food security in a sustainable manner.
There are four key components to the CMAM approach: Community Mobilisation, Supplementary Feeding Program (SFP), Outpatient Therapeutic Program (OTP), and Stabilisation Centre/In-patient Care (SC). On the most part, World Vision does not set up Stabilisation Centres but instead works closely with existing local health institutions or medical NGOs to provide these services.
World Vision has been operational in Niger for almost two decades – implementing a wide range of long-term development activities across the country. Their work is structured alongside the model of comprehensive area development programs (known internally as ADPs). Each ADP has a Health & Nutrition component which seeks to deliver support through (while simultaneously strengthening) local health structures. In July 2005 and as a result of the 2005 food crisis in Niger that year, World Vision launched a community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) program based on the National Protocol for the Management of Acute Malnutrition. At that time, contacts were made with Valid International – aimed at establishing a partnership for an effective and quality delivery of the CMAM program. An institutional agreement between World Vision and Valid International was reached in July 2006, thus paving the way for the provision of technical support to the Niger CTC (now called CMAM) program.
As a part of the national nutrition strategy, WV is currently implementing CMAM in many decentralized government health centers throughout the country, with the support of partner NGOs (ex. Medecins Sans Frontieres). From the onset of CMAM program implementation, It has been integrated within the Ministry of Health structures such as the CSIs (Integrated Health Centers) with regular trainings of MOH health staff at national, regional and CSI levels based on the most revised version of the National Protocol, ultimately leading to the final version (i.e. Protocole Nationale de prise en Charge de la Malnutrition. MOH Publique/UNICEF/OMS. Juin 2009).
","Evaluation of World Vision Niger Emergency Nutrition Programme, Tillaberi and Niamey Regions (Jul 2010 - Jul 2011), Bernadette Feeney, Technical Advisor, Valid International.
Evaluation Semi-Quantitative de l’Accessibilité et de la Couverture (SQUEAC) CSI appuyés par World Vision ADP de Kornaka West, Gobir Yamma, Chadakori et Goulbi Kaba Région de Maradi, République du Niger, (22 mars au 15 avril, 2011), Allie Norris, Consultante Mobilisation, Valid International.
Rapport De La Mobilisation Sociale Dans Le Cadre Du Redémarrage des Activités Du Programme De World Vision de Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë Régions de Zinder, Maradi et Tillabéri, Niger (13 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Allie Norris et Gabriele Walz Techniciennes de Mobilisation Sociale, Valid International.
Formation sur la “Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë” (PCMA) ADP de Zinder & de Tillabéri (20 juin au 19 juillet, 2010); ADP de Maradi (20 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante PCMA et Bernadette Feeneey, Valid International.
Evaluation Finale Du Programme CTC Dans La Région De Zinder World Vision, Niger (06 au 18 Juin, 2008), El Hadji Issakha Diop, CTC Advisor, Valid International.
Rapport De L’enquête De Couverture Du Projet CTC Exécuté Par World Vision ADPs De Kassama, DTk Et Gamou Région De Zinder Niger (Avril- Mai, 2007), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante CTC, Valid International.
Programme CTC de World Vision dans la région de Zinder, Niger : Evaluation à mi- parcours (11- 18 Mai, 2007), El Hadji Issakha Diop, Consultant CTC, Valid International.
Visite au programme CTC Région de Zinder (WV Niger), (13 – 24 Février, 2007) Montse Saboya, Valid International.
Mobilisation Communautaire Visite Technique au Programme de CTC Zinder, Niger, (20 février – 2 mars, 2007), Saul Guerrero & Nyauma Nyasani, Consultants de développement communautaire et social, Valid International.
Community Mobilisation aspects of the World Vision CTC Programme, Zinder Region, Niger (Aug 4 - 18, 2006), Saul Guerrero, Valid International.
Assessment for CTC World Vision in Niger (Jul - Aug, 2006), Valid International.
Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition Model: http://www.wvi.org/nutrition/project-models/cmam
","","","Health","Gouvernement du Niger et la Direction Departementale de la Sante Publique et la Direction de la Nutrition (DN/MSP)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Currency: US Dollars (USD)Purposes: Salaries & Benefits; Supplies & Materials; Travel & Transportation; Training & Consulting; Monitoring & Evaluation; Occupancy; Communications; Equipment.Action: Covers all actions","International NGOs","World Vision International","World Vision is a global Christian relief, development and advocacy organisation dedicated to working with children, families and communities to overcome poverty and injustice. http://www.wvi.org (WV Canada, WV US, WV Taiwan, WV UK, WV New Zealand, WV Germany, and WV Switzerland are support offices)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","","The Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) brings 14 leading UK aid charities together in times of crisis: Action Aid, Age International, British Red Cross, CAFOD, Care International, Christian Aid, Concern Worldwide, Islamic Relief, Merlin, Oxfam, Plan UK, Save the Children, Tearfund and World Vision; all collectively raising money to reach those in need quickly. http://www.dec.org.uk/about-dec","UN","World Food Programme (WFP)","The World Food Programme (WFP) is the United Nations' frontline agency in the fight against hunger. It responds to emergencies, saving lives by getting food to the hungry fast, and it also works to help prevent hunger in the future. http://www.wfp.org (The WFP provides WVN direct supply of food for SFP in different CSI).","UN","United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is the main UN organization defending, promoting and protecting children's rights. UNICEF works to improve the social and economic conditions of children by increasing children's access to health care, safe drinking water, food, and education; protecting children from violence and abuse; and providing emergency relief after disasters. http://www.unicef.org","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)","The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) is Canada's lead agency for development assistance. http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/home","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","US Agency for International Development (USAID)","The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the United States federal government agency primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid. http://www.usaid.gov (The fund is provided through the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA))","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","The Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) is the Australian Government agency responsible for managing Australia's overseas aid programme. http://www.ausaid.gov.au/Pages/home.aspx","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)","The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) is a government organization under the Swedish Foreign Ministry responsible for administering approximately half of Sweden's budget for development aid. http://www.sida.se/English/","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","17821","","Management of moderate malnutrition","","","","MAM child|Preschool-age children (Pre-SAC)","6 - 59 months","5 regions (Zinder, Maradi, Niamey, Tillabéri, Tahoua)","Community-based","","World Vision works with communities through Area Development Programs (ADPs) that have been identified and implemented based on a series of development criteria. The ADPs serve as the basic intervention unit of the WV's multi-sectoral programs/projects (e.g. in education, water and sanitation, health, income-generating activities and sponsorship of children etc.), but the geographical areas of the ADPs do not necessarily align with administrative boundaries of the country. The whole ADP and program management structure is geared toward long-term development programming, into which the nutritional activities/programs such as Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) are integrated.
Since July/August 2005, WV Niger has been implementing and supporting the following four components of a CMAM program:
All programmatic activities are implemented through the local health structures and systems and their respective catchment areas. The majority of the OTP and SFP activities are implemented in the Integrated Health Centers (CSI) but in order to achieve greater coverage and to bring supplementary facilities closer to communities, WV has also implemented the programs in Health Posts (CS) which are satellites of CSI. Most OTP take place together with SFP in CSI but few are located in CS as well. The OTP activities, including the provision of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (Plumpy Nut) and the systematic treatments are conducted on a weekly basis, whereas the SFP activities, including the distribution of Fortified Blended Food (CSB (Corn Soya Based), oil, sugar) for MAM children and moderately malnourished PLWs are carried out bi-monthly basis. The numbers of OTP and SFP sites and staff per ADP differ depending on the target population size and needs.
The technical (nutrition related) and managerial structure of WV in Niger (WVN) includes two nutrition coordinators (East and West) and six regional nutrition supervisor mangers (one per region) who coordinate and harmonize nutritional activities through the different locations. All of them are supported by a relief-nutrition country manager based in Niamey. In each ADP, there is also a health-nutrition manager who is responsible for overseeing ADP related health and nutrition programs and staff. As the national health system is WV's principle partner, WVN staff always work in partnership/collaboration with Ministry of Health (MOH) staff. Currently, WVN staff mainly act as technical facilitators and help with the general management of the program activities such as site organization, training of the community volunteers who help during distributions, channeling food and medical supplies coming from UNICEF and WFP, and program monitoring. Depending on the ADP, there is also either one or two nurses who provides support to the MOH staff in the field.
","SFP Outcome
Cured % (#)
> 75%
Died % (#)
< 3%
Defaulted % (#)
< 15%
Non-recovered % (#)
Regions
Reporting Period: 2010
Maradi (Sept-Dec)
88.5 (491)
0.4 (2)
8.6 (48)
2.5 (14)
Niamey (Jan-Dec)
88.6 (194)
0.0 (0)
1.4 (3)
10.0 (22)
Tahoua (Aug-Dec)
86.4 (248)
0.0 (0)
13.6 (39)
0.0 (0)
Tillaberi (June-Dec)
88.4 (501)
0.7 (4)
10.2 (58)
0.7 (4)
Zinder (Jan-Dec)
90.8 (640)
2.6 (18)
5.4 (38)
1.3 (9)
Reporting Period: Jan - Dec, 2011
Maradi
97.0 (7069)
0.0 (3)
2.2 (162)
0.7 (51)
Niamey
85.8 (1949)
0.2 (5)
7.7 (175)
6.3 (143)
Tahoua
92.1 (1413)
0.0 (0)
6.3 (96)
1.6 (25)
Tillaberi
93.7 (4413)
0.2 (9)
5.1 (242)
0.9 (44)
Zinder
95.6 (4825)
0.4 (18)
2.4 (119)
1.7 (84)
Reporting Period: Jan - Dec, 2012
Maradi
99.0 (9559)
0.0 (0)
0.4 (38)
0.6 (54)
Niamey
81.3 (1886)
0.0 (0)
10.0 (233)
8.7 (201)
Tahoua
90.1 (984)
0.2 (2)
7.7 (84)
2.0 (22)
Tillaberi
88.7 (2065)
0.2 (4)
9.7 (226)
1.4 (33)
Zinder
94.9 (5508)
0.1 (3)
2.6 (148)
2.5 (143)
Reporting Period: 2013
Maradi (Jan-Apr)
97.1 (1501)
0.1 (1)
2.7 (42)
0.1 (2)
Niamey (Jan-Apr)
73.9 (241)
0.0 (0)
18.7 (61)
7.4 (24)
Tahoua (Jan-May)
88.7 (344)
0.0 (0)
9.0 (35)
2.3 (9)
Tillaberi
NA
NA
NA
NA
Zinder (Jan-May)
99.7 (2910)
0.0 (0)
0.2 (6)
0.1 (2)
","Ongoing monitoring and evaluation of CMAM programs is essential for ensuring program targets are being reached. As of Spring 2010, WV is using a consolidated online database management system for CMAM programs. The system is a positive transformation from the existing Excel spreadsheets (template provided by Valid International) that were used during the first few years of WV CMAM programming by National Offices. A simple and systematic data management system allows multi-level program managers to easily retrieve CMAM data and make quick and accurate decisions based on the data that is available to them. In the early days of WV CMAM implementation, prompt access the Excel database was limited to the field staff throughout the year. However, WV’s online CMAM system aims to facilitate this overall data recovery process for WV Staff located in the National, Regional and Support Offices, and Global Health Centre, as well. The online system is carefully designed to be user friendly and applicable for WV staffs across partnership. Staff members are provided with password protected login identification and can access the different online pages that are relevant to their job responsibilities. In this way, they are able to input their monthly tally sheets, generate clear reports, predict future trends (including resources), provide timely input to all internal/external requests and access raw data sheets for further analysis. Furthermore, the quantitative indicators and data collection tools closely align themselves with what has been developed and used by different MOH, facilitating a simple integrating with existing administrative systems and standards in a particular country. All WV CMAM indicators and data collection tools have been standardized to complement the existing myriad of MOH and National Office requirements, as well as the International benchmarks (e.g. SPHERE). In addition to these standard indicators, the CMAM database also includes WV contextual data (e.g. # Registered Children, # Orphans & Vulnerable Children) that is mandatory with the Partnership’s Integrated Program Management.
","ADP Name Total Population; 6-59 months Kornaka West 68,165; 15,261 Gobir Yamma 56,032; 12,934 Ouallam 572,377; 188,745 Simiri 186,528; 76,805","Zinder: April-May 2007, point coverage = 28.5% and period coverage = 49.0%.","","Sept - Oct, 2005: National GAM 15.3%, SAM 1.8%; Zinder GAM 16.1%, SAM 1.2%.Sept, 2006: Maradi GAM 8.2%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.3/10,000. Oct - Nov, 2006: National GAM 10.3%, SAM 1.4%, U5M 1.08/10,000, Exclusive breastfeeding 2.2%, Complementary feeding (6-9mos) 78.4%; Zinder GAM 9.7%, SAM 1.7%; Maradi GAM 6.8%, SAM 0.6%; Tahoua GAM 12.5%, SAM 1.1%; Tillaberi GAM 11.2%, SAM 1.9%; Niamey GAM 9.2%; SAM 0.5%. June, 2007: National GAM 11.2%, SAM 1%, U5M 0.71/10,000; Tillaberi GAM 11.2%Oct - Nov, 2007: National GAM 11.0%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.81/10,000, Exclusive breastfeeding 9.0%, Complementary feeding (6-9mos) 78.4%; Zinder GAM 11.7%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 3.55/10,000, EB 9.7%, CF 68.2%; Maradi GAM 10.7%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 0.83/10,000, EB 7.6%, CF 73.9%; Tahoua GAM 13.1%, SAM 0.4%, U5M 1.62/10,000, EB 15.7%, CF 89.7%; Tillaberi GAM 7.9%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 3.14/10,000, EB 1.6%, CF 63.5%; Niamey GAM 9.9%, SAM 0.9%, U5M 1.57/10,000, EB 17.1%, CF 40.6%. June-July, 2008: National GAM 10.7%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.53/10,000; Zinder GAM 15.7%, SAM 1.9%, U5M 2.13/10,000; Maradi GAM 9.9%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 1.79/10,000; Tahoua GAM 8.4%, SAM 0.6%, U5M 1.67/10,000; Tillaberi GAM 10.1%, SAM 0.1%, U5M 1.11/10,000; Niamey GAM 6.8%, SAM 0.9%, U5M 0.34/10,000. May-June, 2010: National GAM 16.7%, SAM 3.2%; Maradi GAM 19.7%, SAM 3.9%; Zinder GAM 17.8%, SAM 3.6%; Tillaberi GAM 14.8%, SAM 2.7%. June, 2009: National GAM 12.3%, SAM 2.3%.Oct, 2010: Maradi GAM 15.5%, SAM 4.3% ","See above","Vulnerable groups","","eLENA titles related to prevention or treatment of moderate acute malnutrition in children>>>Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/child_growth|Food supplementation in children with moderate acute malnutrition>>http://www.who.int/elena/titles/food_children_mam","Supplies","Problem: The lack of a consistent supply of nutritional commodities for SFP has put children suffering from MAM at an increased risk for relapse, non-response, deterioration in status (into SAM) and defaulting. This lack of consistency has also negatively affected the credibility of the SFP program within the community. In turn, this has reduced the overall number of caregivers accessing the SFP services and thus has become a barrier to access.Solution: Contingency planning by the Food Commodity Department and logistics within WV to avoid stock shortage. For example add an extra percentage onto projected estimations each month in order to always have stock in place. ","Communication","Problem: The lack of clarity over the use of RUSF (Ready-to-Use Supplementary Food) and the target group has introduced increased risks for MAM cases in more vulnerable age groups. These cases were not being treated properly, thereby reducing effectiveness of the SFP program. Solution: Clarification with written protocols on the use of RUSF and other nutritional commodities for MAM and the target groups should be made available in the CSIs. It is also essential that there is community sensitization/awareness in the CSI catchment communities on the MAM aspect of CMAM.","External factors","Problem - Conflicting admission criteria: Community Volunteers (Femmes Relais) screen children for MAM in the communities using MUAC. However, upon arrival to the CSI/CS, the same children are admitted into the program on the basis of W/H criteria (outlined in National Protocol). Due to the discrepancies between W/H and MUAC screening, children are rejected from the program. This can reduce the effectiveness of community mobilization because of the problem of rejection.Solution: In order to increase coverage of the program a mass screening was carried out in the 5 regions covered by WV. Over 40,000 children were screened which resulted in a subsequent increase in the SFP admission. ","External factors","Problem: Distance as a barrier to access. Some of the CSI are located very far from the communities that they are serving. Solution: Expand MAM treatment (i.e. SFP) to Health Posts (CS) in order to reduce distance travelled for beneficiaries thus helping to improve the program accessibility as well as reducing the work load in CSIs (however the program capacity must be assured before decentralising these services to health posts).","Staff skills/training","Problem: When CTC/CMAM was launched in Niger in 2005/2006, the national/international capacity available for CTC/CMAM implementation was very limited, resulting in a low quality program. Solution: WV developed an Institutional Agreement with Valid International to build their capacity in the overall management of acute malnutrition.","Staff retention","Problem: Due to the erratic funding cycles associated with CMAM programming, it was very difficult to retain staff (Community Mobilization volunteers, MOH staff and WV Staff) when funding cycles terminate. Furthermore, there are difficulties retaining volunteers and keeping them motivated to continue their activities. Solution: WVN established permanent positions, embedded within their ADP and National management structures, for ongoing CMAM program support, including during funding disruptions. Furthermore, WVN can help improve sustainability of the self governing of CSIs and management of volunteers by building capacity of the village health committees (COGES) as an ongoing development commitment. ","Insufficient staff","Problem: In order to respond to the increased case load of SAM, the capacity of MOH (e.g. staff at CSIs) had to be increased. Solution: Rather than placing WV staff to manage the increased caseload, WV provided training and on-going support to strengthen volunteer capacity to manage SFP which will reduce workload of the health staff in the CSI thereby enabling them to address the more severe cases of malnutrition. This strategy appeared to be very effective in helping the MOH to cope with the case load. For Example: In three of the four CSIs sampled, it was found that the volunteers managed SFP completely thus relieving the existing CSI staff to manage SAM cases. ","","","","","","","","","","English" "17804","Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) Programme in Niger ","English","National","","NER","Niger","Zinder, Niger|Maradi, Niger|Niamey, Niger|Tillabéry, Niger|Tahoua, Niger","Urban|Rural","on-going","01-2005","","The Community-Based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is one of World Vision’s core project models in nutrition. The CMAM approach enables community volunteers to identify and initiate treatment by referring children with acute malnutrition before they become seriously ill. Caregivers provide treatment for the majority of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the home using Ready-to-Use-Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) and receiving routine medical care at a local health facility. When necessary, severely malnourished children who have medical complications or lack an appetite are referred to in-patient facilities for more intensive treatment. CMAM programs also work to integrate treatment with a variety of other longer-term interventions such as Nutrition Education, Infant and Young Child Feeding and Food Security. These interventions are designed to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and improve public health and food security in a sustainable manner.
There are four key components to the CMAM approach: Community Mobilisation, Supplementary Feeding Program (SFP), Outpatient Therapeutic Program (OTP), and Stabilisation Centre/In-patient Care (SC). On the most part, World Vision does not set up Stabilisation Centres but instead works closely with existing local health institutions or medical NGOs to provide these services.
World Vision has been operational in Niger for almost two decades – implementing a wide range of long-term development activities across the country. Their work is structured alongside the model of comprehensive area development programs (known internally as ADPs). Each ADP has a Health & Nutrition component which seeks to deliver support through (while simultaneously strengthening) local health structures. In July 2005 and as a result of the 2005 food crisis in Niger that year, World Vision launched a community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) program based on the National Protocol for the Management of Acute Malnutrition. At that time, contacts were made with Valid International – aimed at establishing a partnership for an effective and quality delivery of the CMAM program. An institutional agreement between World Vision and Valid International was reached in July 2006, thus paving the way for the provision of technical support to the Niger CTC (now called CMAM) program.
As a part of the national nutrition strategy, WV is currently implementing CMAM in many decentralized government health centers throughout the country, with the support of partner NGOs (ex. Medecins Sans Frontieres). From the onset of CMAM program implementation, It has been integrated within the Ministry of Health structures such as the CSIs (Integrated Health Centers) with regular trainings of MOH health staff at national, regional and CSI levels based on the most revised version of the National Protocol, ultimately leading to the final version (i.e. Protocole Nationale de prise en Charge de la Malnutrition. MOH Publique/UNICEF/OMS. Juin 2009).
","Evaluation of World Vision Niger Emergency Nutrition Programme, Tillaberi and Niamey Regions (Jul 2010 - Jul 2011), Bernadette Feeney, Technical Advisor, Valid International.
Evaluation Semi-Quantitative de l’Accessibilité et de la Couverture (SQUEAC) CSI appuyés par World Vision ADP de Kornaka West, Gobir Yamma, Chadakori et Goulbi Kaba Région de Maradi, République du Niger, (22 mars au 15 avril, 2011), Allie Norris, Consultante Mobilisation, Valid International.
Rapport De La Mobilisation Sociale Dans Le Cadre Du Redémarrage des Activités Du Programme De World Vision de Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë Régions de Zinder, Maradi et Tillabéri, Niger (13 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Allie Norris et Gabriele Walz Techniciennes de Mobilisation Sociale, Valid International.
Formation sur la “Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë” (PCMA) ADP de Zinder & de Tillabéri (20 juin au 19 juillet, 2010); ADP de Maradi (20 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante PCMA et Bernadette Feeneey, Valid International.
Evaluation Finale Du Programme CTC Dans La Région De Zinder World Vision, Niger (06 au 18 Juin, 2008), El Hadji Issakha Diop, CTC Advisor, Valid International.
Rapport De L’enquête De Couverture Du Projet CTC Exécuté Par World Vision ADPs De Kassama, DTk Et Gamou Région De Zinder Niger (Avril- Mai, 2007), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante CTC, Valid International.
Programme CTC de World Vision dans la région de Zinder, Niger : Evaluation à mi- parcours (11- 18 Mai, 2007), El Hadji Issakha Diop, Consultant CTC, Valid International.
Visite au programme CTC Région de Zinder (WV Niger), (13 – 24 Février, 2007) Montse Saboya, Valid International.
Mobilisation Communautaire Visite Technique au Programme de CTC Zinder, Niger, (20 février – 2 mars, 2007), Saul Guerrero & Nyauma Nyasani, Consultants de développement communautaire et social, Valid International.
Community Mobilisation aspects of the World Vision CTC Programme, Zinder Region, Niger (Aug 4 - 18, 2006), Saul Guerrero, Valid International.
Assessment for CTC World Vision in Niger (Jul - Aug, 2006), Valid International.
Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition Model: http://www.wvi.org/nutrition/project-models/cmam
","","","Health","Gouvernement du Niger et la Direction Departementale de la Sante Publique et la Direction de la Nutrition (DN/MSP)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Currency: US Dollars (USD)Purposes: Salaries & Benefits; Supplies & Materials; Travel & Transportation; Training & Consulting; Monitoring & Evaluation; Occupancy; Communications; Equipment.Action: Covers all actions","International NGOs","World Vision International","World Vision is a global Christian relief, development and advocacy organisation dedicated to working with children, families and communities to overcome poverty and injustice. http://www.wvi.org (WV Canada, WV US, WV Taiwan, WV UK, WV New Zealand, WV Germany, and WV Switzerland are support offices)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","","The Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) brings 14 leading UK aid charities together in times of crisis: Action Aid, Age International, British Red Cross, CAFOD, Care International, Christian Aid, Concern Worldwide, Islamic Relief, Merlin, Oxfam, Plan UK, Save the Children, Tearfund and World Vision; all collectively raising money to reach those in need quickly. http://www.dec.org.uk/about-dec","UN","World Food Programme (WFP)","The World Food Programme (WFP) is the United Nations' frontline agency in the fight against hunger. It responds to emergencies, saving lives by getting food to the hungry fast, and it also works to help prevent hunger in the future. http://www.wfp.org (The WFP provides WVN direct supply of food for SFP in different CSI).","UN","United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is the main UN organization defending, promoting and protecting children's rights. UNICEF works to improve the social and economic conditions of children by increasing children's access to health care, safe drinking water, food, and education; protecting children from violence and abuse; and providing emergency relief after disasters. http://www.unicef.org","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)","The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) is Canada's lead agency for development assistance. http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/home","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","US Agency for International Development (USAID)","The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the United States federal government agency primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid. http://www.usaid.gov (The fund is provided through the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA))","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","The Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) is the Australian Government agency responsible for managing Australia's overseas aid programme. http://www.ausaid.gov.au/Pages/home.aspx","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)","The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) is a government organization under the Swedish Foreign Ministry responsible for administering approximately half of Sweden's budget for development aid. http://www.sida.se/English/","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","17823","","Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition","","","","Lactating women (LW)|Pregnant women (PW)|Pregnant/lactating women with HIV/AIDS","","Zinder, Maradi, Niamey, Tahoua","Community-based","","World Vision works with communities through Area Development Programs (ADPs) that have been identified and implemented based on a series of development criteria. The ADPs serve as the basic intervention unit of the WV's multi-sectoral programs/projects (e.g. in education, water and sanitation, health, income-generating activities and sponsorship of children etc.), but the geographical areas of the ADPs do not necessarily align with administrative boundaries of the country. The whole ADP and program management structure is geared toward long-term development programming, into which the nutritional activities/programs such as Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) are integrated.
Since July/August 2005, WV Niger has been implementing and supporting the following four components of a CMAM program:
All programmatic activities are implemented through the local health structures and systems and their respective catchment areas. The majority of the OTP and SFP activities are implemented in the Integrated Health Centers (CSI) but in order to achieve greater coverage and to bring supplementary facilities closer to communities, WV has also implemented the programs in Health Posts (CS) which are satellites of CSI. Most OTP take place together with SFP in CSI but few are located in CS as well. The OTP activities, including the provision of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (Plumpy Nut) and the systematic treatments are conducted on a weekly basis, whereas the SFP activities, including the distribution of Fortified Blended Food (Premix with CSB (Corn Soya Based), oil, sugar) for MAM children and moderately malnourished PLWs are carried out bi-monthly basis. The numbers of OTP and SFP sites and staff per ADP differ depending on the target population size and needs.
The technical (nutrition related) and managerial structure of WV in Niger (WVN) includes two nutrition coordinators (East and West) and six regional nutrition supervisor mangers (one per region) who coordinate and harmonize nutritional activities through the different locations. All of them are supported by a relief-nutrition country manager based in Niamey. In each ADP, there is also a health-nutrition manager who is responsible for overseeing ADP related health and nutrition programs and staff. As the national health system is WV's principle partner, WVN staff always work in partnership/collaboration with Ministry of Health (MOH) staff. Currently, WVN staff mainly act as technical facilitators and help with the general management of the program activities such as site organization, training of the community volunteers who help during distributions, channeling food and medical supplies coming from UNICEF and WFP, and program monitoring. Depending on the ADP, there is also either one or two nurses who provides support to the MOH staff in the field.
","
The Community-Based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is one of World Vision’s core project models in nutrition. The CMAM approach enables community volunteers to identify and initiate treatment by referring children with acute malnutrition before they become seriously ill. Caregivers provide treatment for the majority of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the home using Ready-to-Use-Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) and receiving routine medical care at a local health facility. When necessary, severely malnourished children who have medical complications or lack an appetite are referred to in-patient facilities for more intensive treatment. CMAM programs also work to integrate treatment with a variety of other longer-term interventions such as Nutrition Education, Infant and Young Child Feeding and Food Security. These interventions are designed to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and improve public health and food security in a sustainable manner.
There are four key components to the CMAM approach: Community Mobilisation, Supplementary Feeding Program (SFP), Outpatient Therapeutic Program (OTP), and Stabilisation Centre/In-patient Care (SC). On the most part, World Vision does not set up Stabilisation Centres but instead works closely with existing local health institutions or medical NGOs to provide these services.
World Vision has been operational in Niger for almost two decades – implementing a wide range of long-term development activities across the country. Their work is structured alongside the model of comprehensive area development programs (known internally as ADPs). Each ADP has a Health & Nutrition component which seeks to deliver support through (while simultaneously strengthening) local health structures. In July 2005 and as a result of the 2005 food crisis in Niger that year, World Vision launched a community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) program based on the National Protocol for the Management of Acute Malnutrition. At that time, contacts were made with Valid International – aimed at establishing a partnership for an effective and quality delivery of the CMAM program. An institutional agreement between World Vision and Valid International was reached in July 2006, thus paving the way for the provision of technical support to the Niger CTC (now called CMAM) program.
As a part of the national nutrition strategy, WV is currently implementing CMAM in many decentralized government health centers throughout the country, with the support of partner NGOs (ex. Medecins Sans Frontieres). From the onset of CMAM program implementation, It has been integrated within the Ministry of Health structures such as the CSIs (Integrated Health Centers) with regular trainings of MOH health staff at national, regional and CSI levels based on the most revised version of the National Protocol, ultimately leading to the final version (i.e. Protocole Nationale de prise en Charge de la Malnutrition. MOH Publique/UNICEF/OMS. Juin 2009).
","Evaluation of World Vision Niger Emergency Nutrition Programme, Tillaberi and Niamey Regions (Jul 2010 - Jul 2011), Bernadette Feeney, Technical Advisor, Valid International.
Evaluation Semi-Quantitative de l’Accessibilité et de la Couverture (SQUEAC) CSI appuyés par World Vision ADP de Kornaka West, Gobir Yamma, Chadakori et Goulbi Kaba Région de Maradi, République du Niger, (22 mars au 15 avril, 2011), Allie Norris, Consultante Mobilisation, Valid International.
Rapport De La Mobilisation Sociale Dans Le Cadre Du Redémarrage des Activités Du Programme De World Vision de Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë Régions de Zinder, Maradi et Tillabéri, Niger (13 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Allie Norris et Gabriele Walz Techniciennes de Mobilisation Sociale, Valid International.
Formation sur la “Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë” (PCMA) ADP de Zinder & de Tillabéri (20 juin au 19 juillet, 2010); ADP de Maradi (20 Juin au 8 Juillet, 2010), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante PCMA et Bernadette Feeneey, Valid International.
Evaluation Finale Du Programme CTC Dans La Région De Zinder World Vision, Niger (06 au 18 Juin, 2008), El Hadji Issakha Diop, CTC Advisor, Valid International.
Rapport De L’enquête De Couverture Du Projet CTC Exécuté Par World Vision ADPs De Kassama, DTk Et Gamou Région De Zinder Niger (Avril- Mai, 2007), Lionella Fieschi, Consultante CTC, Valid International.
Programme CTC de World Vision dans la région de Zinder, Niger : Evaluation à mi- parcours (11- 18 Mai, 2007), El Hadji Issakha Diop, Consultant CTC, Valid International.
Visite au programme CTC Région de Zinder (WV Niger), (13 – 24 Février, 2007) Montse Saboya, Valid International.
Mobilisation Communautaire Visite Technique au Programme de CTC Zinder, Niger, (20 février – 2 mars, 2007), Saul Guerrero & Nyauma Nyasani, Consultants de développement communautaire et social, Valid International.
Community Mobilisation aspects of the World Vision CTC Programme, Zinder Region, Niger (Aug 4 - 18, 2006), Saul Guerrero, Valid International.
Assessment for CTC World Vision in Niger (Jul - Aug, 2006), Valid International.
Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition Model: http://www.wvi.org/nutrition/project-models/cmam
","","","Health","Gouvernement du Niger et la Direction Departementale de la Sante Publique et la Direction de la Nutrition (DN/MSP)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Currency: US Dollars (USD)Purposes: Salaries & Benefits; Supplies & Materials; Travel & Transportation; Training & Consulting; Monitoring & Evaluation; Occupancy; Communications; Equipment.Action: Covers all actions","International NGOs","World Vision International","World Vision is a global Christian relief, development and advocacy organisation dedicated to working with children, families and communities to overcome poverty and injustice. http://www.wvi.org (WV Canada, WV US, WV Taiwan, WV UK, WV New Zealand, WV Germany, and WV Switzerland are support offices)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","","The Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) brings 14 leading UK aid charities together in times of crisis: Action Aid, Age International, British Red Cross, CAFOD, Care International, Christian Aid, Concern Worldwide, Islamic Relief, Merlin, Oxfam, Plan UK, Save the Children, Tearfund and World Vision; all collectively raising money to reach those in need quickly. http://www.dec.org.uk/about-dec","UN","World Food Programme (WFP)","The World Food Programme (WFP) is the United Nations' frontline agency in the fight against hunger. It responds to emergencies, saving lives by getting food to the hungry fast, and it also works to help prevent hunger in the future. http://www.wfp.org (The WFP provides WVN direct supply of food for SFP in different CSI).","UN","United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is the main UN organization defending, promoting and protecting children's rights. UNICEF works to improve the social and economic conditions of children by increasing children's access to health care, safe drinking water, food, and education; protecting children from violence and abuse; and providing emergency relief after disasters. http://www.unicef.org","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)","The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) is Canada's lead agency for development assistance. http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/home","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","US Agency for International Development (USAID)","The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the United States federal government agency primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid. http://www.usaid.gov (The fund is provided through the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA))","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID)","The Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) is the Australian Government agency responsible for managing Australia's overseas aid programme. http://www.ausaid.gov.au/Pages/home.aspx","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)","The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) is a government organization under the Swedish Foreign Ministry responsible for administering approximately half of Sweden's budget for development aid. http://www.sida.se/English/","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","17824","","Nutrition education and counselling","","","","Adolescents|Adult men and women|Elderly|Family ( living in same household)|Females|Lactating women (LW)|Males|Non-pregnant women (NPW)|Non-pregnant, non-lactating women (NPNLW)|Pregnant women (PW)|Pregnant/lactating women with HIV/AIDS|Women of reproductive age (WRA)","","5 regions (Zinder, Maradi, Niamey, Tillabéri, Tahoua)","Community-based","","Once the main components of the CMAM programme (e.g. OTP and SFP) have been well implemented in the existing MOH and community structures, a focus was given to address the negative behavioural and adaptive issues around IYCF in order to prevent further malnutrition. Depending on the priorities and funding availability, some ADPs were able to integrate IYCF activities in the CMAM. These included carrying out weekly health and nutrition session on CMAM days at the CSIs (Health Centers) and reactivating PD Hearth approach to develop menus using new types of locally available foods for complementary feeding promotion. Additional objectives of IYCF included strengthening existing nutrition systems and capacity building through training of health workers and community volunteers on IYCF and carrying out a baseline survey on IYCF and quarterly monitoring of changes in behaviour (e.g. EBF rates, diversity of food groups in complementary feeding). However, apart from the weekly nutrition education sessions at the CSIs, some of the activities did not translate into action at the community level. For example, the training of national WV staff on IYCF did not cascade down to the community level with community volunteers and also did not translated into activities or development of monitoring tools at community level. Additionally, no baseline IYCF information was available and quarterly monitoring data had not been collected or was unavailable at community level.
NB: This program was funded for a year therefore continuation of the activities beyond the funding period is likely be sporadic as it will depend on various factors including staff and volunteer capacity and motivation.
","For Tillaberi and Niamey regions in July 2010-July 2011:
Nutrition education (incl. IYCF): Target 24,700; Achieved (by the 3rd quarter) 14,234
Number and percentage of infants 0-6 mos who are exclusively breastfed: Target 310 (10%); Achieved N/A
Number and percentage of children aged 6-24 mos who receive foods daily from 4 or more food groups: Target 3045 (40%); Achieved N/A
","Due to a lack of monitoring and reporting it was not possible to report on Infant and Young Child Feeding activities apart from nutrition education sessions at the health centers even if these activities had been occurring in an informal manner in the communities. But it appears that these activities had been strengthened and expanded towards the end of the programme cycle.
","See outcome indicator section","NA","","Sept - Oct, 2005: National GAM 15.3%, SAM 1.8%; Zinder GAM 16.1%, SAM 1.2%.Sept, 2006: Maradi GAM 8.2%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.3/10,000. Oct - Nov, 2006: National GAM 10.3%, SAM 1.4%, U5M 1.08/10,000, Exclusive breastfeeding 2.2%, Complementary feeding (6-9mos) 78.4%; Zinder GAM 9.7%, SAM 1.7%; Maradi GAM 6.8%, SAM 0.6%; Tahoua GAM 12.5%, SAM 1.1%; Tillaberi GAM 11.2%, SAM 1.9%; Niamey GAM 9.2%; SAM 0.5%. June, 2007: National GAM 11.2%, SAM 1%, U5M 0.71/10,000; Tillaberi GAM 11.2%Oct - Nov, 2007: National GAM 11.0%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.81/10,000, Exclusive breastfeeding 9.0%, Complementary feeding (6-9mos) 78.4%; Zinder GAM 11.7%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 3.55/10,000, EB 9.7%, CF 68.2%; Maradi GAM 10.7%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 0.83/10,000, EB 7.6%, CF 73.9%; Tahoua GAM 13.1%, SAM 0.4%, U5M 1.62/10,000, EB 15.7%, CF 89.7%; Tillaberi GAM 7.9%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 3.14/10,000, EB 1.6%, CF 63.5%; Niamey GAM 9.9%, SAM 0.9%, U5M 1.57/10,000, EB 17.1%, CF 40.6%. June-July, 2008: National GAM 10.7%, SAM 0.8%, U5M 1.53/10,000; Zinder GAM 15.7%, SAM 1.9%, U5M 2.13/10,000; Maradi GAM 9.9%, SAM 1.0%, U5M 1.79/10,000; Tahoua GAM 8.4%, SAM 0.6%, U5M 1.67/10,000; Tillaberi GAM 10.1%, SAM 0.1%, U5M 1.11/10,000; Niamey GAM 6.8%, SAM 0.9%, U5M 0.34/10,000. May-June, 2010: National GAM 16.7%, SAM 3.2%; Maradi GAM 19.7%, SAM 3.9%; Zinder GAM 17.8%, SAM 3.6%; Tillaberi GAM 14.8%, SAM 2.7%. June, 2009: National GAM 12.3%, SAM 2.3%.Oct, 2010: Maradi GAM 15.5%, SAM 4.3% ","Same as above","Vulnerable groups","","","Management","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","WV Niger’s implementation of IYCF activities into the ongoing CMAM program started late in the program period. Due to the high resource (human & financial) intensity of implementing a CMAM program, it was not feasible to introduce IYCF activities until the latter program stages. At the beginning of the program, the MOH staff were trained in providing nutrition education sessions at CSIs on OTP/SFP days which included IYCF messages. Later on, national WV staff were trained on IYCF with the aim that they would cascade this training to the ADP level and then to the community level. However, the training did not continue to the community level (with community volunteers) until near end of the program period.
To strengthen IYCF component of CMAM including monitoring activities, the following activities are recommended:
1. Recruit community mobilisers at ADP level who will work with district Community Focal Points, WV ADP and National Community Mobiliser. The lack of WV community mobilisers at ADP level to work alongside the Nutrition Coordinators has risked a delay in training community volunteers and may have also prevented the implementation of community mobilization activities including IYCF activities and monitoring of these activities.
2. Ensure women are represented in nutrition programs. During the IYCF investigation the 50/50 presence of women as interviewers for the IYCF investigation ensured better access to women and thus the provision of more rigorous information regarding IYCF practices.
3. Develop monitoring tools for IYCF. E.g. How many IYCF sessions held and how many participated?
4. Carry out a representative and statistically significant baseline and final IYCF survey – for EBF rates and diversity of food groups.
","","English" "23176","ACF-France programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Manni","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","Manni, Burkina Faso","Rural","completed","05-2012","05-2014","Action Contre la Faim - France (ACF-F) intervient dans la région de l´Est du Burkina Faso depuis 2008 et dans la province de la Gnagna (le district sanitaire (DS) de Bogandé et Manni) depuis 2009. Le projet d’appui à la Prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe (PCIMA) a commencé en mai 2012 puis reconduit en juillet 2013 et prendra fin en mai 2014 et a pour objectif de contribuer à la réduction de la morbidité et de la mortalité liées à la malnutrition aigüe. L’appui donné au district de Manni est fait depuis la Base d’ACF située dans le district de Bogandé.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Manni (2013 and 2014):
","8806","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Government","Development","OFDA ( U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23175","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Manni","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Les activités de prise en charge de la Malnutrition Aigüe (PCIMA) sont assurées dans tous les centres de santés du district sanitaire de Manni. Cela concerne aussi bien la prise en charge en ambulatoire (PCA) pour la MAS/MAM et la prise en charge en interne (PCI) pour les cas de MAS avec complications.
Les activités d’appui consistent essentiellement à la formation et au recyclage des agents de santé, les visites d’appuis techniques à travers des supervisions régulières pour la PCA et la PCI, appui en équipements médico-techniques et en intrants pour la prise en charge. Au niveau de la PCI ACF-F fait la subvention des repas des accompagnant(e)s depuis septembre 2012 ainsi que les soins médicaux (médicaments, consommables et examens biologiques) et évacuations des malades des CSPS vers les CREN.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi-quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","ACF effectue des évaluations périodiques de la couverture du programme PCIMA, la dernière évaluation a été réalisée en mai 2013. Pour voir l’évolution de la couverture et la mise en route des recommandations de l’évaluation passée, une seconde évaluation a été réalisée en février 2014, huit mois après la précédente évaluation qui avait montré un taux de couverture actuelle de de 26,1% [IC 95% : 17,1- 37,7%]. L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
Etape 1: Identification des zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
Etape 2: Vérification des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
Etape 3: Estimation de la couverture globale
","La population du district sanitaire de Manni est estimee a 168 963 habitants en 2014 (RGPH 2006) dont les enfants de 6 a 59 mois representent 18,55% (31 343).","52,4% [IC 95% : 43,1 - 61,8%]","Point","Les prévalences selon l’indice Poids/Taille de la malnutrition dans la province de la Gnagna étaient estimées en septembre 2013 à 7,5% [5,8-9,6%] pour la Malnutrition Aigüe Globale (MAG) et à 1,2% [0,6-2,6%] pour la Malnutrition Aigüe Sévère (MAS).","","None","","","Others, please specify below","","Management","","Communication","","Infrastructure","","Others, please specify below","","","","","","","","","","","","","Les résultats indiquent une forte évolution de la couverture car elle est le double de celle retrouvée à la dernière évaluation. Cette situation est à mettre en lien avec une forte amélioration des activités de dépistages passifs au niveau des centres de santé ainsi que l’implication des animateurs communautaires pour la sensibilisation et la recherche des absents (personnels du GRET ONG partenaire qui se charge du volet communautaire). La disponibilité et l’implication des personnels surtout au niveau des CSPS pourraient être un point fort du district sanitaire ce qui contribue beaucoup à l’amélioration de sa couverture. L’absence des hameaux de culture, présents dans les autres districts sanitaires, notamment Bogandé, permet d’éviter les déplacements des populations pendant les périodes des récoltes, et serait grandement responsable pour cette forte couverture.
","","English" "23187","ACF-France programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Bogande","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","Bogande, Burkina Faso","Rural","completed","05-2012","05-2014","Action Contre la Faim – France (ACF-F) intervient dans la région de l´Est du Burkina Faso depuis 2008 et dans la province de la Gnagna depuis 2009. Le projet d’appui à la Prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe (PCIMA) a commencé en mai 2012 puis reconduit en juillet 2013 et prendra fin en mai 2014. L´appui donné au district de Bogandé est fait depuis la Base d’ACF située à Bogandé. Le projet actuel, financé par OFDA a pour objectif de contribuer à la réduction de morbidité et mortalité associées à la malnutrition aigüe au Burkina Faso.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Bogande (2013 and 2014):
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Government","Development","Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23186","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Bogande","Primary health care center","","Les activités de prise en charge de la Malnutrition Aigüe (PCIMA) sont assurées dans les centres de santés publiques et confessionnelles du district sanitaire de Bogandé. Cela concerne aussi bien la prise en charge en ambulatoire (PCA) pour la MAS/MAM et la prise en charge en interne (PCI) pour les cas de MAS avec complications.
Les activités d’appui d’ACF consistent essentiellement à la formation et au recyclage des agents de santé, les visites d’appuis techniques à travers des supervisions régulières pour la PCA et la PCI, appui en équipements médico-techniques et en intrants pour la prise en charge. Au niveau de la PCI ACF-F fait la subvention des repas des accompagnantes depuis septembre 2012 ainsi que les soins médicaux (médicaments, consommables et examens biologiques) et évacuations des malades vers les CREN.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","ACF effectue des évaluations périodiques de la couverture du programme PCIMA, la dernière évaluation a été réalisée en mai 2013, dans la province de la Gnagna (District sanitaire Bogandé). Pour voir l’évolution de la couverture et la mise en route des recommandations de l’évaluation passée, une seconde évaluation a été réalisée en février 2014 (03 au 23 février 2014), huit mois après la précédente évaluation qui avait montré un taux de couverture actuelle de 30,2% [IC 95% : 20,8- 41,6%].
L' investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
","Les enfants de 6 à 59 mois représentent 17,85% (61736) du population du district sanitaire de Bogande","38,8% [IC 95% : 29,8 - 48,6%]","Point","","","None","","","Others, please specify below","","Management","","Others, please specify below","","Infrastructure","","Others, please specify below","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cette couverture faible est à mettre en lien avec les préoccupations des mères (charge de travail) ainsi qu’une méconnaissance de l’importance des soins nutritionnels (malnutrition perçue souvent comme maladie traditionnelle) entrainant un recours de première intention au traitement traditionnel, limitant ainsi l’accès aux soins en dépit de sa gratuité pour les enfants malnutris. L’investigation a par ailleurs mis en évidence une faiblesse du système de dépistage actif et de suivi des absents au traitement, ce qui pose la question de la pérennisation de ces activités en l’absence de soutien technique continu.
En plus de ces barrières à l’accessibilité communes dans l’ensemble du District Sanitaire de Bogandé, la distance est ressortie comme un frein supplémentaire à l’accessibilité dans les zones concernées.
Nonobstant ces barrières et la faible évolution de la couverture il faut rappeler que des efforts considérables sont mis en oeuvre sur le terrain par les différents acteurs dans le cadre des activités de PCIMA, tant au niveau communautaire que sur le plan de la prise en charge dans les structures de santé. Dans le contexte actuel et pour espérer un désengagement total d’ACF dans le District Sanitaire de Bogandé quant aux activités de prise en charge de la malnutrition, il apparaît aujourd’hui impératif d’entreprendre des mesures correctrices afin de consolider les acquis et continuer d’améliorer la couverture et l’accessibilité au traitement pour les malnutris.
","","English" "23192","ACF programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Diapaga","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","Diapaga, Burkina Faso","Rural","on-going","03-2008","","ACF met en oeuvre depuis 2008 un programme d’appui à la prise en charge de la malnutrition aiguë dans le district sanitaire de Diapaga, s’articulant autour de plusieurs volets :
Au niveau du système de santé:
- Un volet d’appui technique et logistique aux formations sanitaires pour la détection et la prise en charge des cas de malnutrition aiguë sans complications dans 30 Centre de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS) et des cas de malnutrition aiguë sévère avec complications médicales dans 3 Centre de Renutrition et d’Education Nutritionnelle (CREN).
- Un volet « subvention des soins » garantissant une exemption de paiement pour les personnes souffrant de malnutrition aiguë (modérée et sévère) admises dans les structures. Un projet pilote visant à l’exemption totale de paiement pour tous les enfants de moins de 5 ans a par ailleurs été démarré en novembre 2011 dans les 5 aires sanitaires de la commune de Logobou.
Au niveau communautaire:
- Un système de détection, référencement et suivi des cas de malnutrition aiguë s’appuyant sur un réseau d’Agents de Santé à Base Communautaire (ASBC) co-animé en partenariat avec une ONG locale (APDC).
- Des activités de sensibilisation et d’éducation à la santé dans le but d’apprécier et et d’améliorer les performances du programme en termes de couverture et d’accessibilité.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Diapaga (2012-2014):
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/SQUEAC_BURKINA_Diapaga_2012.pdf
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23191","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Diapaga ","Community-based|Primary health care center","","","Des evaluations de la couverture ont été realisées chaque annee depuis le debut du programme. Celles-ci ont revele des niveaux de couverture actuelle globalement faibles (couverture 2010: 21,8% [IC 95%: 13,2%-32,2%], couverture 2011: 17,6% [IC 95%: 7,8%-31,6%], couverture 2012: 32,1% [IC 95%: 21,9%-44,4%], couverture 2014: 43,6% [34,2%-53,2%] ), avec cependant une progression relevee au cours de la precedente SQUEAC (Semi-Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage).
La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
","La population est estimee en 2013 a 444 852 habitants avec 18,32% d’enfants d’age compris entre 6 et 59 mois.","43,6% [34,2%-53,2%]","Point","Les prevalences de la malnutrition selon d’indice Poids/Taille en z-score dans la Region Sanitaire de l´Est etaient estimees en 2013 a 9,3%1(8,3%-10,4%) pour la Malnutrition Aigue Globale (MAG) et a 1,7% (1,3%-2,3) pour la Malnutrition Aigue Severe (MAS)","","None","","","Communication","","Management","","Management","","Others, please specify below","","Others, please specify below","","Communication","","Others, please specify below","","Communication","","","","","","","Le résultat de couverture montre une nette amélioration en quasiment deux ans. Malgré tout, des faiblesses « basiques » (prise du PB au mm, rapportage) identifiés dans les évaluations précédentes sont toujours d’actualité après 3 ans de programmes. Au niveau de la prise en charge de la MA au sein des structures de santé, on note une réelle difficulté d’appropriation et de pérennité. Les activités liées à la prise en charge intégrée de la malnutrition aigue sont souvent perçues comme une charge de travail supplémentaire, et non intégrée au travail quotidien du centre de santé. Ceci peut entrainer un manque d’intérêt de la part des agents de santé, et une difficulté dans la collaboration avec les équipes ACF, ce qui est un frein à la pérennité une fois ACF parti. Un réel travail doit être fait conjointement avec l’ECD afin de pouvoir changer ces perceptions au niveau communautaire, on note que les barrieres sur la connaissance de la communaute sur la malnutrition restent presentent apres plus de 3 ans de programme NAC (Etude Causale de la malnutrition). L’approche NAC doit etre remise en cause avec une plus forte integration des agents de sante et des relais communautaires (ASBC) afin d’en assurer la perennite et un plus fort impact.
","","English" "23194","ACF programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Fada N’Gourma","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","Fada N’Gourma, Burkina Faso","Rural","on-going","08-2012","","ACF à travers le programme nutrition santé appuie le DS de Fada à la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe depuis août 2012 suite à la crise alimentaire de 2012 au sahel. Ces appuis se font par le renforcement des capacities à travers les formations, les dotations de matériels médico techniques, la subvention des évacuations et des soins médicaux, et des visites d’appuis techniques lors des séances de prise en charge. Au niveau communautaire, ACF travaille en partenariat avec le GRET qui mène des activités de sensibilisations, de dépistage, de Visite à Domicile (VAD) à travers des animateurs.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Fada N’Gourma:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/ACF-SQUEAC-BF-GOURMA-2014-VF.pdf
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Government","Development","L’Agence Suédoise de Développement International (ASDI)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23193","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 0 à 59 mois","District de Fada N’Gourma","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Les interventions concernaient au départ deux communes à savoir Matiacoali et Diabo. En mai 2013, l’appui d’ACF au district s’est étendu à l’ensemble des 6 communes dans les 39 Centre de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS), le CHR et le Centre de Récupération et d’Education Nutritionnelle (CREN) confessionnel toujours avec un financement d’ASDI. Le programme appuie régulièrement le district dans la prise en charge. ACF assure également une approche NAC (Nutrition à Assise Communautaire) à travers son partenaire Groupe de Recherche et d’Echange Technologique (GRET) qui intervient dans le DS de Fada depuis 2009.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
- Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
- Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 15 janvier au 11 février 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Les analyses quantitatives et qualitatives ont revele un nombre relativement important de points d’attention en terme de depistage, acces et qualite de soins, freins et pesanteurs socioculturels, difficultes de notification des cas, qui, sans enlever l’appreciation positive de ce resultat meritent neanmoins le renforcement de l’accompagnement des activites de PeC dans le district.
L’implication communautaire: insuffisance de communication des ICP avec les ASBC et faible motivation des ASBC, faible implication des autorites et des leaders dans la PeC, faible interet des hommes dans la sante des enfants…
L’organisation des activités communautaires: bien que la population soit informee du role des ASBC au sein de la communaute, il y a une insuffisance de connaissance sur la malnutrition, le programme de prise en charge. Il devient donc important de revoir l’approche de sensibilisation communautaire pour en ameliorer l’impact et assurer une meilleure implication des agents de santé communautaire.
Les dysfonctionnements au niveau de la prise en charge: long temps d’attente, rejet ou limitation du nombre de cas PeC par jour, mauvais accueil, l’insuffisance de depistage systematique en consultation curative …
Les facteurs socio-culturels, notamment pour le recours aux soins, le refus de certains maris ou des interdictions faites aux meres, le recours a la geomancie, les pratiques ancrees nefastes.
L’occupation des mères: Travaux menagers, travaux champetres, faible implication des hommes…
Les problèmes de distance, d’enclavement ou d’eloignement temporaires dans les hameaux de culture, s’ils n’ont pas ete demontres comme un facteur determinant a la couverture (voir resultats de la petite enquete), peuvent avoir un impact sur la qualite du service, notamment au niveau de la gestion des intrants, et de la disponibilite des agents de sante. En effet, la fluctuation des admissions ne permet pas aux agents de santé d’évaluer correctement les quantités d’intrants nécessaires par mois.
Tous ces facteurs ont un impact négatif sur la fréquentation des services de PCIMA et méritent de se pencher sur l’amélioration de :
- La régularité et la qualité des dépistages
- La qualité de l’accueil et de la PCIMA
- L’identification et la recherche précoce des absents ou abandons
- Les méthodes de communication pour les changements de comportement en pratiques de soins
- La coordination des activités des ONG.
La Croix Rouge de Belgique, en partenariat avec la Croix Rouge burkinabè et les autorités sanitaires ont mis en oeuvre depuis 2007 un programm d’appui aux structures sanitaires dans neuf provinces réparties dans 3 régions (Sahel, Nord, Centre Ouest).Pour la région du Sahel, le passage à l’échelle s’est fait à partir de 2011 par des phases successives sous financement ECHO (European Community Humanitarian aid Office). Aujourd’hui, le programme couvre les 18 Centre de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS) du District Sanitaire de Gorom Gorom. Le programme est actuellement en phase 6, phase ayant débutée en mars 2013 qui prendra fin en janvier 2014. Cette phase prévoit de consolider l’appui au système de santé de la région du Sahel en vue d’accroitre son efficacité dans la prise en charge ambulatoire de la malnutrition aigüe à travers des appuis techniques et financiers touchant à la fois la qualité, la couverture, le suivi/évaluation et la capitalisation de la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Gorom Gorom:
","","","","","","","International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23198","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 0 à 59 mois","District de Gorom Gorom","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Le cadre approprié pour la prise en charge de la malnutrition aiguë modérée est constitué des Centres de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS), des Centres Médicaux avec Antenne Chirurgicale (CMA) ou tout autre structure menant des activités de supplémentation alimentaire. En période d’urgence des Centres de Supplémentation Nutritionnelle (CSN) pourront être ouverts à cet effet.
Le cadre approprié de la prise en charge de la malnutrition sévère est le centre de récupération et d’éducation nutritionnelle (CREN). Son rôle principal est le traitement de la malnutrition sévère et l’éducation des familles en matière de nutrition.
Là où il n’existe pas de CREN, les CSPS doivent assurer une prise en charge en externe des cas adaptés à ce mode de traitement.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 1 au 20 novembre 2013 en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Aux recommandations ci-dessus sont ajoutées des recommandations spécifiques à l’attention:
De la Croix Rouge de Belgique:
-Evaluation des Centre d’Accueil Pour Nutrition (CAPN),
-Définition de la stratégie communautaire sur plusieurs années,
-Réflexion de concert avec la DRS et les DS (en impliquant les CISSE et les Points Focaux Nutrition) au concept CAPN et ses orientations en vue d’une meilleure intégration dans le système sanitaire,
-Travail conjoint avec la Direction Régionale de la Santé et les District Sanitaire sur un système harmonisé de collecte des données communautaires incluant tous les paramètres de suivi de la MAS (base de données complémentaires)
-Renforcement des ressources humaines des formations sanitaires en personnel additionnel,
-Révision de l’organisation terrain depuis le pôle technique jusqu’au positionnement des agents de terrain.
De la Direction régionale de la Santé du Sahel:
-Suivi de la mise en oeuvre des recommandations,
-Accompagnement du district dans la mise en oeuvre des recommandations,
-Mise en place d’un système harmonisé de collecte des données communautaires incluant tous les paramètres de suivi de la MAS (base de données complémentaires)
-Augmentation des ressources humaines dans les centres de santé,
-Recherche d’un système de motivation des agents de santé des CSPS (FBR, primes) conjointement avec les districts.
Du District sanitaire de Gorom Gorom :
-Restitution formelle des résultats de la SQUEAC,
-Evaluation de la mise en oeuvre des recommandations de la SQUEAC dans les cadres de concertation périodiques,
-Renforcement de la concertation entre acteurs de mise en oeuvre du programme,
-Recherche d’un système de motivation des Agents de santé communautaire (ASBC),
-Renforcement des compétences des agents de santé (formation, supervision),
-Renforcement des ressources humaines des CSPS,
-Amélioration des connaissances des populations sur la malnutrition et le programme de PEC,
-Recherche d’un système de motivation des agents de santé des CSPS (FBR, primes),
-Recherche des moyens pour faire face aux barrières géographiques.
L’Association de Solidarité et Coopération Internationale (LVIA) et son partenaire Medicus Mundi Italie (MMI) apportent un soutien à la Direction Régionale de la Santé du Centre-Ouest et au District sanitaire de Koudougou depuis mai 2013 pour la mise en oeuvre de la Prise en Charge Intégrée de la Malnutrition Aiguë (PCIMA). L’appui de LVIA-MMI au District Sanitaire (DS) de Koudougou porte principalement sur le renforcement des capacités des agents de santé pour la mise en oeuvre de la PCIMA, l’appui au DS pour la réalisation des campagnes de dépistage trimestrielles, la subvention totale de la prise en charge des complications en interne (frais de transport, traitement diététique et médical, alimentation de l’accompagnant), l’acheminement et le stockage des Aliment Thérapeutique Prêt à l’Emploi (ATPE), et la fourniture de farines enrichies pour la consolidation après guérison des cas de MAS.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Koudougou:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/SQUEAC_Rapport_KOUDOUGOU_2014.pdf
","","","","","","","Other","Medicus Mundi Italie (MMI)","","","","","National NGOs","Association de Solidarité et Coopération Internationale (LVIA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23201","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Koudougou","Primary health care center","","La prise en charge ambulatoire des cas de MAS est assurée au niveau des 62 Centre de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS) du district, ainsi que de 7 Centre de Récupération et d'Education Nutritionnelle (CREN) gérés par des organisations confessionnelles. La prise en charge des complications en interne (PCI) est assurée au niveau du CHR de la ville de Koudougou et du Centre Médical Maximilien Kolbé de Sabou.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 17 février au 14 mars 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Les principales barrières étaient en lien avec le contexte socio-culturel (méconnaissances sur la malnutrition, stigmatisation et honte, recours à la medicine traditionnelle en lien avec les croyances, voyage et déplacements des mères, manqué d’implication des hommes dans la santé des enfants) et avec des insuffisances au niveau de la qualité de la prise en charge (enfants MAS dans le programme MAM, sous notification des abandons, dépistage passif non systématique, manque d’informations données aux mères).
Parmi les facteurs influençant positivement l’accessibilité, la couverture géographique des formations sanitaires est à souligner. Le niveau de couverture constaté est également le résultat des actions entreprises dans le cadre du passage à l’échelle appuyé par LVIAMMI et les organisations locales : les campagnes de dépistage, la gratuité de la prise en charge, les actions de sensibilisation ont favorisé une bonne connaissance de l’existence du traitement, et une réaction en chaîne face à l’efficacité du celui-ci.
","","English" "23207","LVIA-MMI programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë Sévère dans le district de Nanoro","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","Nanoro, burkina faso","Rural","on-going","05-2012","","L’Association de Solidarité et Coopération Internationale (LVIA) et son partenaire Medicus Mundi Italie (MMI) apportent un soutien à la Direction Régionale de la Santé du Centre-Ouest et au District sanitaire de Nanoro depuis mai 2012 pour la mise en oeuvre de la Prise en Charge Intégrée de la Malnutrition Aiguë (PCIMA). L’appui de LVIA-MMI au District Sanitaire (DS) de Nanoro porte principalement sur le renforcement des capacités des agents de santé pour la mise en oeuvre de la PCIMA, l’appui au DS pour la réalisation des campagnes de dépistage, la subvention des traitements pour la prise en charge des complications, l’acheminement des ATPE et la fourniture de farines enrichies pour la consolidation après guérison des cas de MAS.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Nanoro:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/SQUEAC_Rapport_NANORO_2014.pdf
","","","","","","","Other","Medicus Mundi Italie (MMI)","","","","","National NGOs","Association de Solidarité et Coopération Internationale (LVIA)","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23206","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Nanoro","Primary health care center","","Sur le plan sanitaire, le district est divisé en 20 aires de santé. La structure de santé de référence est le Centre Médical avec Antenne chirurgicale (CMA) de Nanoro, géré par les religieux camiliens.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 17 février au 14 mars 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Ces différentes barrières soulignent la complémentarité nécessaire entre une prise en charge de qualité au niveau des formations sanitaires et des activités de mobilisation communautaire adaptées au contexte. La poursuite et le réajustement des actions entreprises, sur la base des constats dégagés par l’investigation, permettront d’atténuer les barrières et d’améliorer la couverture de la PCIMAS. Pour être suivies d’effet, les réorientations proposées nécessiteront une implication de tous les acteurs impliqués dans la prise en charge de la malnutrition.
Facteurs positifs (boosters):
- Appréciation de la prise en charge: Gratuité, Perception positive du traitement, Efficacité du traitement
- Recours au CSPS pour le traitement de la malnutrition, traitement connu
- Connaissances sur la malnutrition
- Implication des acteurs clés au niveau de la communauté (ASC, TPS, leaders)
- Activités des ASC : campagnes de dépistage, suivi des cas
Pour assurer les activités de Prise en charge Communautaire de la Malnutrition Aiguë (PCMA), le DS de Pama bénéficie d’un appui de l’ONG Action Contre la Faim-France (ACF-F), aussi bien pour la Prise en Charge Ambulatoire (PCA) que pour la Prise en Charge en Interne (PCI). ACF a marqué sa présence dans la Province en deux phases : 1) un appui à distance à partir de Fada de janvier à Août 2010 et de novembre 2010 à novembre 2011, et 2) l’implantation d’une base à Pama à partir de Mai 2012 avec un personnel permanent sur place. Entre temps, l’ONG a suspendu ses interventions dans la province d’août à novembre 2010 et de novembre 2011 à mars 2012 suite à un manque de financement. Pour un besoin de pérennité, ACF intervient dans le district sanitaire en partenariat avec une ONG locale, TIN TUA (""développons-nous nous-même""). Elle conduit les activités de Nutrition à Assises Communautaire (NAC): mobilisation communautaire, conduite des campagnes de dépistage et de sensibilisation en collaboration avec le DS et implication des leaders communautaires et collectivités.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Pama:
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23209","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Pama","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Le DS de Pama compte 11 Centres de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS) normalisés, un Centre Médical avec Antenne chirurgicale (CMA) avec en son sein un Centre de Récupération et d’Education Nutritionnelle (CREN). Le District met en oeuvre le Paquet Minimum d’Activités (PMA), et la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe est assurée dans toutes les formations sanitaires.
Pour un besoin de pérennité, ACF intervient dans le district sanitaire en partenariat avec une ONG locale, TIN TUA (""développons-nous nous-même""). Elle compte 9 facilitateurs communautaires installés dans les trois communes de la province de la Kompienga et d’un coordinateur des activités terrain qui supervise les activités.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 19 Juin au 02 Juillet 2013en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). Cette investigation intervient 6 mois après la SQUEAC précédente (novembre-décembre 2012) qui avait abouti á une couverture de la période de 40,6% (IC 95%: 28.9 - 54.2). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Au niveau des facteurs qui influencent de façon négative la couverture, l’insuffisance d’informations données aux populations sur la prise en charge, la méconnaissance des signes et des causes de la malnutrition continuent à être les barrières principales identifiées au cours de cette SQUEAC comme l’a déjà été lors de l’investigation de décembre 2012. En plus une nouvelle importante barrière a été identifiée : la stigmatisation (mères avec enfants malnutris). Certaines mères avec enfants MAS sont enceintes et le fait d’avoir eu des naissances rapprochées constituent une honte aux yeux des populations. Par ailleurs les naissances rapprochées ont été identifiées par la communauté comme cause la MA ou appellation du marasme.
Dans les facteurs qui influencent de façon positive la couverture, la bonne opinion de la PCA à travers les guéris MAS qui sont dans la communauté et le dépistage actif trimestriel réalisé par le district avec ses partenaires sont des booster importants signalés dans la SQUEAC. En plus l’admission par le PB pour les moins de 65 cm n’est plus une barrière. En effet seul l’âge de 6 mois est désormais considéré pour les admissions par le PB.
","","English" "23212","LVIA-MMI programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Réo","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","reo, burkina faso","Rural","on-going","05-2012","","L’Association de Solidarité et Coopération Internationale (LVIA) et son partenaire Medicus Mundi Italie (MMI) apportent un soutien à la Direction Régionale de la Santé du Centre-Ouest et au District sanitaire de Réo depuis mai 2012 pour la mise en oeuvre de la Prise en Charge Intégrée de la Malnutrition Aiguë (PCIMA). L’appui de LVIA-MMI au District Sanitaire (DS) de Réo porte principalement sur le renforcement des capacités des agents de santé pour la mise en oeuvre de la PCIMA, l’appui au DS pour la réalisation des campagnes de dépistage trimestrielles, la subvention totale de la prise en charge des complications en interne (frais de transport, traitement diététique et médical, alimentation de l’accompagnant), l’acheminement et le stockage des ATPE, et la fourniture de farines enrichies pour la consolidation après guérison des cas de MAS.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Pama:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/SQUEAC_Rapport_REO_2014.pdf
","","","","","","","Other","Medicus Mundi Italie (MMI)","","","","","National NGOs","Association de Solidarité et Coopération Internationale (LVIA)","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23211","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Réo","Primary health care center","","Sur le plan sanitaire, le District sanitaire de Réo est divisé en 40 aires de santé, et comporte 36 CSPS, 4 CM et 5 CREN.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 17 février au 14 mars 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Les actions de mobilisation communautaire entreprises pour soutenir le passage à l’échelle de la PCIMA ont favorisé une bonne connaissance de l’existence du traitement au niveau de la communauté. L’influence des cas guéris favorise par ailleurs une perception positive de l’efficacité du traitement, encourageant le recours aux soins spontané.
Au total, le faible niveau de couverture mis en évidence au cours de cette investigation souligne la nécessité de consolider les actions entreprises dans le cadre du passage à l’échelle. Les réorientations devront notamment prendre en compte les défis posés par les difficultés d’accessibilité géographique,
","","English" "23214","CICR programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Sebba","English","Community/sub-national","","BFA","Burkina Faso","Sebba, burkina faso","Rural","on-going","07-2007","","Le Croix Rouge de Belgique (CRB) et la Croix Rouge Burkinabè travaillent en partenariat avec le service de la santé depuis 2007 dans la région du Sahel au Burkina Faso. Ce partenariat est orienté vers le renforcement des capacités en ce qui concerne la Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë sous financement ECHO. Aujourd’hui, le programme couvre les 13 CSPS dans le district du Sebba aussi que 23 CAPN (Centre d’Accueil Pour Nutrition). Le programme est actuellement en phase 6, phase ayant débutée en mars 2013 qui prendra fin en janvier 2014. Cette phase prévoit de consolider l’appui au système de santé de la région du Sahel en vue d’accroitre son efficacité dans la prise en charge ambulatoire de la malnutrition aigüe à travers des appuis techniques et financiers touchant à la fois la qualité, la couverture, le suivi/évaluation et la capitalisation de la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Sebba:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/RAPPORT-SQUEAC-SEBBA.pdf
","","","","","","","International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23213","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Sebba","Primary health care center","","Le cadre approprié pour la prise en charge de la malnutrition aiguë modérée est constitué des Centres de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS), des Centres Médicaux avec Antenne Chirurgicale (CMA) ou tout autre structure menant des activités de supplémentation alimentaire. En période d’urgence des Centres de Supplémentation Nutritionnelle (CSN) pourront être ouverts à cet effet.
Le cadre approprié de la prise en charge de la malnutrition sévère est le centre de récupération et d’éducation nutritionnelle (CREN). Son rôle principal est le traitement de la malnutrition sévère et l’éducation des familles en matière de nutrition. Là où il n’existe pas de CREN, les CSPS doivent assurer une prise en charge en externe des cas adaptés à ce mode de traitement.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
","Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 1 au 20 novembre 2013 en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Points forts:
- Les ASC / AV sont actifs avec leurs activités
- Le CSPS est le premier recours aux soins
- Il existe une bonne connaissance et une appréciation du traitement ATPE.
Barrières à l’accessibilité des soins qui limitent la couverture:
- La distance et l’inaccessibilité géographique des certains villages, surtout en saison des pluies.
- La qualité de la prise en charge de la Malnutrition Aigüe Sévère au niveau CSPS : Pas de dépistage systématique aux cours des consultations, temps d’attente trop long, manque de communication entre les AS et les mères concernant le traitement, mauvais accueil au CSPS.
- Manque de connaissance de la malnutrition et du programme : les mères voient que l’enfant est malade mais ne savent pas de quelle maladie l’enfant souffre ni pourquoi. Elles vont au CSPS car c’est là où elles soignent les enfants malades mais pas parce qu’elles connaissent le programme.
ACF a démarré en mars 2011 un programme d’appui au district sanitaire de Danané pour la mise en oeuvre de la PCIMA. Ce programme, débuté dans le cadre de la crise humanitaire consécutive aux violences post-électorales dans l’Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire, est progressivement passé d’un mode opératoire de «substitution» - justifié par les importants dysfonctionnements du système de santé au plus fort de la crise – à un accent mis sur l’intégration de la prise en charge dans le système de santé existant.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Danané:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Ivory_Coats_Danan%C3%A9_Nov_2012.pdf
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23231","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Danané","Primary health care center","","Ce programme, initié pendant la période de post-crise immédiate, a d’abord été mis en oeuvre dans 6 aires sanitaires pour la prise en charge des cas MAS en ambulatoire et au niveau de l’hôpital de Danané pour la prise en charge des cas MAS avec complications au niveau de l’UNT. Le programme a ensuite été progressivement étendu jusqu’à couvrir la totalité des aires sanitaires du district (17 structures de santé).
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 06 au 29 novembre 2012 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un «a priori» (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Au total, cette faible couverture est le reflet de l’impact particulièrement négatif des ruptures en intrants nutritionnels sur l’accessibilité au service. Outre le défaut de prise en charge des cas MAS admis dans le programme, les ruptures d’ATPE répétées et prolongées contribuent en effet à renforcer l’effet des autres barrières à l’accessibilité telles que la distance et les difficultés d’accès géographique, l’indisponibilité des mères pendant la période des travaux agricoles, ainsi que la barrière financière liée aux coûts de transport et aux éventuels frais liés à une consultation. Au niveau des structures de santé, l’absence d’intrants ne permet pas aux agents d’assurer une prise en charge adéquate des cas MAS, entraînant des insuffisances dans la qualité de la prise en charge et une démotivation des agents (sous-notification des abandons, quantité d’ATPE délivrée non adéquate, relâchement ou suspension des activités de dépistage passif).
Le faible niveau de couverture est également à mettre en lien avec la transition difficile entre le dispositif d’appui renforcé mis en oeuvre par ACF pendant la période de post-crise immédiate et l’intégration complète des activités de PCIMA dans le système de santé existant. D’importants moyens ont en effet été déployés lors du démarrage des activités, avec un accent particulier mis sur les activités de sensibilisation et le système de dépistage. Ces efforts ont amélioré la compréhension de la malnutrition dans la communauté et ont permis de traiter un grand nombre de cas : le programme apparaît aujourd’hui bien connu et très apprécié. Les activités communautaires ont cependant connu un relâchement au cours des derniers mois suite à la diminution des modalités d’appui aux ASC, responsable d’une importante démotivation. L’investigation a par ailleurs révélé l’existence d’insuffisances au niveau du monitoring des activités communautaires, ne permettant pas un bon suivi. L’efficacité du volet communautaire apparaît pourtant particulièrement cruciale dans un contexte encore marqué par une méconnaissance de la maladie et un recours de première intention à la médecine traditionnelle.
","","English" "23234","ACF programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Toulepleu","English","Community/sub-national","","CIV","Côte d'Ivoire","Toulepleu, cote d'ivoire","Rural","on-going","05-2011","","A la suite de Danané et Zouan Hounien, ACF a démarré en mai 2011 un programme d’appui au district sanitaire de Toulepleu pour la mise en oeuvre de la PCIMA. Le programme, démarré sous forme d’équipes d’ Unité Nutritionnelle Thérapeutique Ambulatoire (UNTA) mobiles, est progressivement passé d’un mode opératoire de «substitution» - justifié par les importants dysfonctionnements du système de santé au plus fort de la crise – à un accent mis sur l’intégration de la prise en charge dans le système de santé existant.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Toulepleu:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/SQUEAC_Rapport_Toulepleu_RCI_2012.pdf
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23233","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Toulepleu","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Les cas MAS sans complications sont pris en charge en UNTA au niveau des 8 Etablissement Sanitaire de Premier Contact (ESPC). Une UNT a été ouverte récemment (en octobre) au sein de l’hôpital général pour la prise en charge des cas MAS avec complications, qui jusqu’alors devaient être transférés vers l’UNT de Zouan Hounien. Les intrants thérapeutiques sont fournis par l’UNICEF. Un volet Centre de Nutrition Supplémentaire (CNS) existe également dans les 8 ESPC pour la prise en charge des cas de malnutrition aigüe modérée (MAM), appuyé par le PAM. Outre le support aux structures de santé, ACF a également développé des activités à base communautaire: celles-ci ont pour but de dépister et référer les cas de malnutrition aigüe et de diffuser des messages de sensibilisation et de prévention.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 6 au 19 novembre 2012 en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Other lessons learnt
La régularité de l’approvisionnement en ATPE et l’impact du volet communautaire ont ainsi été relevés parmi les facteurs ayant favorisé une bonne accessibilité.
Malgré des constats encourageants, la couverture est apparue plombée par un certain nombre de barrières. Il s’agit notamment :
- au niveau district et central, de l’insuffisance de la clarification des critères d’entrée et de sortie du programme, de la faible supervision des activités des centres de santé et du volet communautaire ;
- au niveau des structures de santé, du manque d’implication du personnel de santé pour les activités de nutrition tant au niveau des centres de santé que dans les communautés de l’aire de santé, ce qui se traduit par un recrutement des cas non optimal ;
- au niveau communautaire, des contraintes financières, des longues distances à parcourir pour se rendre au centre de santé, l’enclavement de certains villages et campements et enfin de l’insécurité chronique dans la zone ;
Dans le contexte actuel de pérennisation des activités de PCIMA, la question d’une plus grande implication du personnel de santé et celui du renforcement du volet communautaire constituent des enjeux essentiels en vue d’une amélioration de la couverture et de l’accessibilité au traitement.
","","English" "23236","ACF programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Zouan Hounien","English","Community/sub-national","","CIV","Côte d'Ivoire","Zouan Hounien","Rural","on-going","04-2011","","Suite aux résultats de l’enquête nutritionnelle SMART de 2010 faisant état d’une situation préoccupante dans la région de l’Ouest, ACF a démarré en avril 2011 un programme d’appui au district sanitaire de Zouan Hounien pour la mise en oeuvre de la PCIMA dans l’ensemble du district. Ce programme, initié pendant la période de post-crise immédiate, a d’abord été mis en oeuvre dans 7 aires sanitaires pour la prise en charge des cas MAS en ambulatoire en UNTA et au niveau de l’hôpital de Zouan Hounien où une UNT a été créée. Le programme a ensuite été progressivement étendu jusqu’à couvrir la totalité des aires sanitaires du district (15 structures de santé).
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/.
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Zouan Hounien:
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","International NGOs","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23235","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Zouan Hounien","Primary health care center","","Ce programme a d’abord été mis en oeuvre dans 7 aires sanitaires pour la prise en charge des cas MAS en ambulatoire en UNTA et au niveau de l’hôpital de Zouan Hounien où une UNT a été créée. Le programme a ensuite été progressivement étendu jusqu’à couvrir la totalité des aires sanitaires (15) du district.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 15 novembre au 7 décembre 2012 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d´identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Cette faible couverture est à mettre en lien avec une méconnaissance des signes de malnutrition et un recours de première intention au traitement traditionnel, responsables d’un recours tardif au traitement. Cette situation apparaît favorisée par la barrière financière que représente l’accès aux soins en dépit du système de gratuité ciblée, et par les faiblesses du volet communautaire. La régularité et le suivi des activités de dépistage apparaissent en effet insuffisants et ont été affectés par la baisse des indemnités financières octroyées aux ASC.
Le faible niveau de couverture reflète également l’impact très négatif des ruptures récurrentes en intrants nutritionnels qu’a connu le district au cours des derniers mois: au-delà des conséquences sur les abandons, les ruptures participent en effet à une démotivation des acteurs impliqués dans les activités de PCIMA et à une baisse de la qualité de prise en charge.
Outre ces barrières à l’accessibilité communes à l’ensemble du district, l’implication de la population dans les activités d’exploitation artisanale de l’or est ressortie comme un frein supplémentaire à l’accessibilité dans les zones concernées, caractérisées par une couverture plus faible.
L’importance de ces barrières et le faible niveau de couverture ne doivent cependant pas faire oublier les efforts considérables mis en oeuvre par les différents acteurs pour la mise en oeuvre des activités de PCIMA, tant au niveau communautaire que sur le plan de la prise en charge dans les structures de santé. Dans le contexte actuel de pérennisation des activités de PCIMA, il apparaît aujourd’hui primordial d’entreprendre des mesures correctrices afin de consolider les acquis et améliorer la couverture et l’accessibilité au traitement pour les malnutris.
Action Contre la Faim Espagne (ACF-E) met en place un programme de renforcement des capacités de prise en charge de la malnutrition aiguë dans tout le cercle sanitaire de Kita depuis juillet 2012 (une partie seulement du cercle était couvert depuis 2011). La prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe sur Kita se fait au niveau du CSRef (Centre de santé de référence, situé à Kita) pour les enfants MAS avec complications (en URENI), au niveau des CScom (centres de santé communautaires) pour les enfants MAS sans complications (en URENAS) et MAM (en URENAM). Il est aussi à noter que des Agents de santé communautaire (65) ont été formés en 2012 au dépistage et à la prise en charge de la MAM.
ACF-E supporte techniquement et logistiquement les autorités sanitaires pour le dépistage et la PEC de la malnutrition aigüe sur toutes les aires de santé fonctionnelles du cercle de Kita à travers 2 projets: un financé par ECHO depuis 2012 (35 CScom) et un autre nommé PASAN, financé par AECID depuis 2011 (6 CScom8) et pour lequel ACF-E est en appui à une ONG nationale (Stop Sahel).
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Kita:
","","","","","","","Action Against Hunger (AAH) / Action contre la faim (ACF)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID)","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","Other","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23243","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Kita","Primary health care center","","Le District sanitaire de Kita est constitué de 46 aires de santé. 3 sont toujours considérés comme non fonctionnelles6 (Kolé, Niantasso, Sanko). L’aire de santé de Sibikily vient d’être dotée en personnel et ACF-E leur a fait une formation sur la PEC de la malnutrition aigüe.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite en decembre 2013 en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). Une première évaluation de la couverture du programme nutritionnel a été menée en mars 2013 et montrait des taux de couverture actuelle de 24,9% [IC95% : 14,5%-39,2%]. L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d’identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Au total, cette investigation met en avant le besoin de poursuivre le travail entrepris par les équipes d’ACF-E en collaboration avec les autorités sanitaires, le personnel des CScom et les relais communautaires. L’implication des ASC dans la PEC de la MAS est à envisager.
L’hypothèse d’hétérogénéité de la couverture a été confirmée, avec des zones de plus haute couverture dans les villages proches des CScom (<5kms) où des RC mènent des activités de dépistage et de sensibilisation et des zones de plus faible couverture dans les villages éloignés des CScom, d’autant plus si peu de dépistage des enfants malnutris aigus est effectué.
En octobre 2012, Helen Keller International (HKI) a entreprit de mettre en oeuvre le programme de renforcement des activités de prévention et de prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe à assise communautaire dans le district sanitaire de Koutiala, dans la région de Sikasso. Les deux axes principaux du programme de HKI sont le renforcement des capacités des prestataires sanitaires dans 40 Centre de Santé Communautaire (CSCom) du district et la mobilisation communautaire dans 18 aires de santé. Le but du projet étant de renforcer les compétences des prestataires sanitaires et communautaires pour la prévention, et le traitement de la malnutrition aigüe.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Koutiala:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Rapport-SQ...
","","","","","","","Helen Keller International (HKI)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23245","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Koutiala","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Le but du projet étant de renforcer les compétences des prestataires sanitaires et communautaires pour la prévention, et le traitement de la malnutrition aigüe en faisant les actions suivantes:
- Formations des prestataires sur le protocole national de la PECIMA qui n’ont pas bénéficiés des dernières formations.
- Formation des prestataires à communiquer avec les mères des enfants sur les bonnes pratiques nutritionnelles à travers la promotion des Actions Essentielles en Nutrition.
- Formation sur le social BCC (Négociation pour le changement de comportement).
- Supervision formative au niveau des CSCom pour maintenir la qualité des services PECIMA offerts.
- Supervision formative Groupes de Mères dans le dépistage des enfants dans les communautés et la référence des cas vers les CSCom.
A Koutiala ces activités se sont traduites par:
- La formation sur le protocole National de 41 agents des CSCom et formation de 122 autres sur les Actions essentielles en nutrition et la communication.
- La supervision formative dans au moins 18 CSCom par mois cela depuis février 2013.
- La formation de 216 membres de groupes de mères pour le dépistage et la référence des enfants souffrant de malnutrition aigüe. Les groupes de mères ont à leur tour organisé des sessions de sensibilisation auxquelles 4687 mères ayant des enfants de moins de 5 ans ont participé.
- Les actions du projet ont aussi porté sur l’organisation de réunions de monitorage des activités PECMA regroupant tous les DTC (Directeur technique de Centre de santé) et l’équipe cadre du district. Au cours de ces réunions, en plus du monitorage, des sessions de formations sur les principales lacunes identifiées par le superviseur et sur les rapports furent tenues
Des réunions communautaires dans les CSCom ayant des groupes de mères ont été organisées dans 18 CSCom. Les principaux responsables des aires de santé ont participé à ces réunions, dont l’un des objectifs était de présenter le travail des membres des groupes de mères et solliciter l’appui des responsables des aires de santé dans la mobilisation communautaire pour le dépistage et la référence des cas de malnutrition aigüe.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du 24 novembre au 8 décembre 2013en utilisant la méthodologie « Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage » (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d’identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
La méconnaissance de la malnutrition a été ressortie comme première barrière a l’accès aux soins au cours des trois étapes de l´investigation malgré le nombre très élevé de cas de MAS dans le district. Ni les signes de la maladie -spécialement du Kwashiorkor- ni les causes ne sont identifiés. La manque de connaissance sur des aspects de prévention de la malnutrition est en lien avec l’insuffisance de sensibilisation et de communication pour le changement de comportement en matière de pratique de l’alimentation du nourrisson et du jeune enfant, un des points fondamentaux du programme nutrition de HKI.
Le dépistage n´est pas suffisant ni fait de façon routinière: il n´y a pas un dépistage actif régulier dans la communauté, seulement il est fait pendant la campagne de masse, même s´il y a des relais communautaires dans le village. Les GM sont plus actives mais les occupations les empêchent de le faire pendant tout l´année. Au niveau des structures de santé, le dépistage passif des enfants qui arrivent aux CSCom n´est pas systématique dans la plupart des centres. Les activités de dépistage sont essentielles compte tenu la sévérité de l´état des cas admis dans le programme, bien soit par la non reconnaissance de la maladie ou par des autres raisons soulevées comme l´utilisation de la médicine traditionnelle, la distance, les occupations des mères ou le manque de moyens financières. Le suivi des GM et les réunions périodiques avec les leaders communautaires sont essentiels pour diminuer les barrières à la couverture au niveau communautaire.
La problématique des abandons du programme, élevés et précoces, semble être en lien avec divers aspects du service qu´influencent l´opinion des bénéficiaires comme les très communs ruptures d´intrants - même si en termes d´intrants nutritionnelles les ruptures sont plus fréquentes pour le traitement des cas modérés (PPS), la population ne connait pas la différence entre les deux produits (le nom en langue local est le même). En fait la communication au niveau de l´URENAS entre le personnel et les mères est très faible. L´information sur la maladie, le traitement et le fonctionnement du service donnée aux accompagnants des enfants MAS est presque inexistante même quand le temps d´attente est souvent longue. Tous ces aspects appréciés par la communauté et liés à la qualité du service doivent être pris en compte sans oublier les autres faiblesses plus techniques identifiées, comme le non-respect du protocole et la sous notification des abandons, qu’influencent aussi la couverture.
Le programme santé/nutrition IRC (International Rescue Committee) appui le district sanitaire de Ménaka dans la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe (modère et sévère) chez les enfants de 6-59 mois. Ce programme a démarré effective en octobre 2013 et a été mis en oeuvre dans 11 aires de santé de 3 communes (Ménaka, Andeboukane et Alata) du district. Il soutient les activités nutritionnelles dans les centres fonctionnels.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Ménaka:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Rapport-SQUEAC_M%C3%A9naka_VF1.pdf
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23247","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Ménaka","Primary health care center","","Ce programme PECIMA appuie 5 centres de santé communautaires (CSCom) fonctionnels et 6 aires non-fonctionnelles à travers des cliniques mobiles pour la pris en charge ambulatoire des enfants MAS/MAM (URENAS/URENAM) et pour administrer les soins primaires à la population.
Les autorités sanitaires et leaders communautaires sont parties prenantes dans la mise en oeuvre et le suivi des activités programmées á traves divers rencontres organisées. Ce partenariat est matérialise par une convention signé par IRC, le District sanitaire et le président de l’ASACO.
Le programme s’articule autour des stratégies suivantes:
- Les CSCom bénéficient d’un appui en ressources humaines qualifiées, en matériel et intrants pour assurer une prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe gratuite et de qualité en respectant les protocoles au Mali. Les activités sont suivies par un Médecin Superviseur et appuyé par un Infirmier Polyvalent en charge de la réception et stockage des médicaments, et de l’approvisionnement des CSCom et des équipes mobiles - les médicaments sont commandés à l’UNICEF intrants nécessaires á la prise en charge de la MAS; pour la MAM, les commandes d’intrants sont faites au PAM. Certaines réhabilitations au niveau des structures sanitaires appuyées ont et réalisées afin d’améliorer le circuit des patients et les conditions de travail/d’accueil.
- Référencement au CSRef de Ménaka des enfants présentant les complications lors du suivi. Apres stabilisation, ces enfants sont ramenés dans leurs CSCom d’origine pour poursuivre leurs traitements en ambulatoire. Le transport aller-retour est assuré par IRC.
- Dépistage systématique de tous les enfants consultant les structures sanitaires appuyées par IRC est fait par le périmètre brachial, le Z-score et la recherche des oedèmes.
- Un réseau de relais communautaires est mis en place au niveau des 5 CSCom en collaboration avec les leaders communautaires et l’équipe du CSCom. Ces relais communautaires sont formés sur la sensibilisation, le dépistage de la malnutrition aigüe et référencement des cas suspects (jaune/rouge/oedème). Les relais sont supervisés par 2 Officiers Activités Communautaires qui organisent le planning des campagnes de dépistage, des messages de sensibilisation en fonction des problèmes rencontrés et tiennent des réunions mensuelles pour la planification des activités.
La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du du 14 mars au 9 avril 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d’identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Les barrières identifiées lors de l´étude ont soulevé les faiblesses du volet communautaire du programme PECIMA d´IRC. Le manque total de relais communautaires dans les aires de santé non-fonctionnelles et l´insuffisance d´activité, tant sur le plan du dépistage que de la sensibilisation, sont déterminants pour diminuer des barrières comme la méconnaissance du programme et de la malnutrition et palier le recours tardive aux soins des enfants.
La distance, avec toutes les facteurs liés comme le temps, le cout et la disponibilité de moyens pour se déplacer, c´est une barrière qui ressorti dans les aires de santé fonctionnelles. Mais également, dans les aires où les cliniques mobiles se déplacent, les communautés sont éloignés entre eux et avec un difficile accès ce qui fait que les équipes n´arrivent à toutes les zones et donc les populations doivent se déplacer.
Au niveau de la prise en charge, les barrières comme les ruptures d´intrants ainsi que certaines déficiences dans l´application du protocole, qui certainement ont un impact direct sur la couverture du programme, ont été soulevés. Le dépistage passive n´est pas systématique pour les enfants en consultation et par rapport aux enfants qui sont admis dans le programme, le suivi de cas au niveau individuel, surtout des cas problématiques comme des absences et abandons est presque inexistant. Finalement, il faut remarquer l´importance du suivi au niveau programme: assurer la qualité des données pour pouvoir faire un monitorage de routine des indicateurs.
","","French" "23250","IRC programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Nara","English","Community/sub-national","","MLI","Mali","Nara, Mali","Rural","on-going","09-2013","","L´IRC (International Rescue Committee) a démarré en septembre 2013 un programme d´appui au district sanitaire que comprends, entre autres activités, la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigüe sévère. Ce programme PECIMA a été mis en oeuvre dans 10 aires de santé fonctionnelles de 8 communes du district.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Nara:
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Rapport-SQUEAC_Nara_VF1.pdf
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23249","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Nara","Primary health care center","","Le programme à Nara s’articule autour des stratégies suivantes:
- Gratuité des soins dans les CSCom: Assurer une gratuite de soins chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans souffrant de MAS. Les CSCom bénéficient d’un appui en ressources humaines (équipe mobile qui passe dans les CSCom selon le jour d’affluence (Foire/Marché hebdomadaire): une fois par CSCom par semaine), en matériel et intrants pour assurer de façon optimale les activités de prise en charge en respectant le protocole national du Mali. Aussi la réhabilitation des espaces d’accueil dans les CSCom appuyés afin de faciliter la réalisation des activités, suivies par le Médecin Superviseur.
- Référence et contre référence des cas compliqués: Les enfants présentant des complications lors du suivi sont référés au CSRéf de Nara pour une meilleure prise en charge. Après la stabilisation, ces enfants retournent dans leur CSCom d’origine pour poursuivre leur traitement. Le transport aller-retour de ces patients est assuré par IRC.
- Dépistage systématique au niveau des CSCom: Tous les enfants consultés dans les structures sanitaires appuyées par IRC bénéficient d’un dépistage systématique fait par le Périmètre brachial, le Z score et la recherche des oedèmes.
- Renforcement du volet communautaire: Le dépistage de la malnutrition aigüe, la reference des cas, la sensibilisation, la recherche des absents et des abandons sont des activités développées par lesanimateurs communautaires du projet en synergie avec les agents terrain du partenaire local CSPEEDA et les relais communautaires. Le réseau de relais communautaires est mis en place au niveau
La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du du 14 mars au 3 avril 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d’identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Les barrières identifiées auprès de l´étude ont soulevées les faiblesses du volet communautaire du programme PECIMA d´IRC. La méconnaissance de la malnutrition, en termes de non reconnaissance des signes ainsi que des causes ou conséquences de la maladie, c´est une barrière qu´a ressorti auprès de toutes les étapes de l´investigation et ce qui semble gagner de l’importance dans les zones plus éloignés des CSCom, comme a été constaté à travers l’enquête dans les petites zones. La méconnaissance du programme est beaucoup ressortie, mais uniquement dans les zones plus distantes. En effet, dans le contexte de Nara, la distance n´est pas seulement une barrière essentielle à l’accès pour les bénéficiaires (mais aussi pour le programme: les activités de sensibilisation et de dépistage, que sont déjà globalement insuffisantes –ni continus ni régulières ni à niveau communautaire ni des CSCom- sont Presque inexistants dans les aires reculées.
Ces barrières que contribuent à la présentation tardive des admissions expliquent la sévérité des cas qu´arrivent aux centres ainsi que le faible niveau de couverture, et sont en plus augmentés par autres aspects déficitaires de la prise en charge (application correcte du protocole) et du suivi: suivi de cas au niveau individuel (des absences, recherche des abandons) et au niveau programme (qualité des données, monitorage des indicateurs de routine).
","","English" "23252","IMC programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Amdam","French","Community/sub-national","","TCD","Chad","Sila, Chad","Rural","on-going","07-2010","","L’histoire de la PCIMA dans le district d’Amdam avait commencé avec l’arrivée de MSF-Hollande, Septembre 2007 avec un programme de soins de santé primaire (consultation curative, CPN), nutrition sous clinique mobile et appui en personnel à l’hôpital du district. En 2010, avec l’appui d’ECHO, International Medical Corps redémarrera la PCIMA avec 16 sites et depuis Novembre 2012 jusqu'à nos jours, le district compte actuellement 19 sites de prise en charge CNA/CNS et 1 centre de stabilisation à l’hôpital du District. Parmi les 19 sites CNA/CNS, 3 sont fixes et 16 cliniques mobiles.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/.
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Amdam:
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23251","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Amdam","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Le District d’Amdam compte 4 zones de responsabilité et selon les possibilités du financement International Medical Corps était en mesure de mettre en oeuvre son programme de nutrition dans toutes les zones de responsabilité d’Amdam avec 2 CNA fixes et 11 cliniques mobiles (des Juillet 2010 jusqu’en Octobre 2012) Depuis Novembre le réseau de clinique mobile a été augmentée avec l’ouverture de 6 nouveaux sites, ce qui donne un total de 16 cliniques mobiles et 3 CNA fixe sur l’ensemble du District.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du du 14 mars au 3 avril 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). Une première enquête utilisant la méthodologie SQUEAC était réalisée par International Medical Corps en Avril 2012 et avait trouvé un taux de couverture de 34%. L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d’identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Certaines insuffisances ont été identifiées lors de cette enquête notamment l’insuffisance d’engagement du personnel soignant du Ministère de la sante travaillant dans les centres de santé fonctionnels pour le succès du programme. Ceux-ci nous ont semblé considérer le programme de Nutrition comme étant une affaire des ONG. Le travail mené par les relais communautaires nécessite un suivi rapproché bien qu’il y a nécessité d’augmenter leur nombre il faut d’abord encadrer ceux qui existent déjà afin d’améliorer leur performance dans le travail.
Il y a une certaine adéquation entre les tendances des admissions et le calendrier saisonnier. Ce qui signifierait que le programme répond d’une manière ou d’une autre aux besoins mais cela est à prendre avec réserve parce qu’étant donné que l’hypothèse de la distance et l’inaccessibilité font partie des barrières majeures au programme il y a lieu de penser que ces tendances d’admissions traduiraient juste une indication sur la réalité.
L’amélioration de la sensibilisation communautaire à travers une augmentation du nombre des relais communautaires, l’augmentation de sites dans les villages lointains ainsi que le renforcement de la clinique mobile surtout dans les zones éloignées: Teleguey et Koutoufare constituent pour le moment des solutions incontournables pour l’amélioration de la couverture nutritionnelle dans le district d’Amdam.
","","French" "23254","IMC programme communautaire: Prise en Charge de la Malnutrition Aiguë dans le district de Iriba","French","Community/sub-national","","TCD","Chad","Iriba, Chad","Rural","on-going","07-2010","","L’histoire du PCIMA dans le district d’Iriba a débuté avec l’arrivée des réfugiés Soudanais en 2004. Il était mis en oeuvre par les humanitaires dans les centres de santé des camps d’Amnaback, Touloum et Iridimi. Depuis Juillet 2010, en plus des centres nutritionnels des camps, International Medical Corps avait ouvert pour la population hôte 1 CNS et CNA fixe dans le centre de santé d’Iriba ainsi que 20 sites CNA et CNS de clinique mobile dans la zone de responsabilité d’Iriba soit dans un rayon d’environ 25 km autour de la ville d’Iriba depuis. A partir d’octobre 2012, International Medical Corps a élargi son rayon d’action dans le district d’Iriba couvrant 13 zones de responsabilité dont 5 fonctionnelles et 8 non fonctionnelles sous le financement ECHO.
","Ce programme a été identifié par le biais du projet «Coverage Monitoring Network» (CMN). Le projet CMN est une initiative inter-agence qui vise à accroître et d'améliorer le suivi de la couverture de la gestion communautaire de la malnutrition aiguë (CMAM) programmes à l'échelle mondiale, et renforce les capacités des professionnels nationaux et internationaux de la nutrition. Sa vocation est de fournir un support technique et des outils aux programmes de PCMA afin de les aider à évaluer leur impact, de partager et capitaliser les leçons apprises sur les facteurs influençant leur performance. Le projet met l'accent sur le renforcement des compétences en méthodologie SQUEAC et SLEAC. Il est mis en œuvre par un consortium dirigé par ACF International, et comprend Save the Children, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, Helen Keller International et Valid International. Le projet est financé par la Commission européenne, Direction générale de l'aide humanitaire et de la protection civile (ECHO) et le Bureau du Foreign Disaster Assistance des États-Unis (OFDA) de l'USAID. Pour en savoir plus, s'il vous plaît visitez le site Web de la CMN à
http://www.coverage-monitoring.org/.
Veuillez suivre le lien ci-dessous pour accéder au rapport complet du CMN sur la couverture du projet PCMA dans le district de Iriba:
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bilateral and donor agencies and lenders","European Commission Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23253","","Management of severe acute malnutrition","","","","SAM child","Enfants de 6 à 59 mois","District de Iriba","Community-based|Primary health care center","","Le District d’Iriba compte 22 zones de responsabilité et selon les possibilités du financement International Medical Corps n’était en mesure de mettre en oeuvre son programme de nutrition que dans la seule zone de responsabilité d’Iriba et ses environs soit dans un rayon de plus ou moins 25 km autour de la ville d’Iriba depuis Juillet 2010 jusqu’en Octobre 2012 à travers un CNA fixe et des sites de cliniques mobiles. Depuis Octobre 2012, le programme a commencé à être étendu vers toutes les zones de responsabilité du District.
","La SQUEAC c´est une évaluation semi‐quantitative parce que combinant des données quantitatives et qualitatives:
Données quantitatives: données de routine (admissions, abandons, indicateurs de performance) et données collectées (cas couverts et cas non couverts) au cours d’enquêtes sur petites et grandes zones.
Données qualitatives: informations (opinions, connaissances sur la malnutrition, connaissances du programme de PEC, perception de la malnutrition, recours aux soins, facteurs limitant la PEC…) collectées auprès la communauté, des acteurs et bénéficiaires impliqués dans le service.
Une investigation de la couverture du programme de prise en charge de la MAS dans le district a été conduite du du 14 mars au 3 avril 2014 en utilisant la méthodologie «Semi Quantitative Evaluation of Access and Coverage» (SQUEAC). Une première enquête utilisant la méthodologie SQUEAC était réalisée par International Medical Corps en Avril 2012 et avait trouvé un taux de couverture de 36%. L´outil SQUEAC permet d´assurer à moindre coût un monitoring régulier des programmes et d’identifier les zones de couverture faible ou élevée ainsi que les raisons expliquant ces situations. L’ensemble de ces informations permet de planifier des actions spécifiques et concrètes dans le but d’améliorer la couverture des programmes concernés.
La méthodologie SQUEAC se compose de trois étapes principales:
L’étape 1 consiste à identifier les zones de couverture élevée ou faible et des barrières à l’accessibilité
L’étape 2 permet de vérifier des hypothèses sur les zones de couverture faible ou élevée au moyen d’enquêtes sur petites zones
L’étape 3 permet d’estimer la couverture globale à travers la construction d’un « a priori » (basé sur les barrières et les boosters), de l’Évidence Vraisemblable et d’un « post priori » basé sur la recherche de cas.
Certaines insuffisances ont été identifiées lors de cette enquête notamment l’insuffisance d’engagement du personnel soignant du Ministère de la sante travaillant dans les centres de santé fonctionnels pour le succès du programme. Celui-ci nous a semblé considérer le programme de Nutrition comme étant une affaire des ONG. Le travail mené par les relais communautaires nécessite un suivi rapproché bien qu’il y a nécessité d’augmenter leur nombre il faut d’abord encadrer ceux qui existent déjà afin d’améliorer leur performance dans le travail. Une certaine négligence dans la complétude des fiches individuelles des cas était relevée notamment le non enregistrement systématique des villages d’origine ainsi que la mesure du périmètre Brachial des enfants.
Il y a une certaine adéquation entre les tendances des admissions et le calendrier saisonnier. Ce qui signifierait que le programme répond d’une manière ou d’une autre aux besoins mais cela est prendre avec réserve parce qu’étant donné que l’hypothèse de la distance et l’inaccessibilité font partie des barrières majeures au programme il y a lieu de penser que ces tendances d’admissions ne traduiraient pas la réalité.
L’amélioration de la sensibilisation communautaire à travers une augmentation du nombre des relais communautaires ainsi que la mise en oeuvre de la stratégie de cliniques mobiles surtout dans les zones non fonctionnelles constituent pour le moment des solutions incontournables pour l’amélioration de la couverture nutritionnelle dans le district d’Iriba.
","","French"