GHA_2022_GSHS_v01_M DDI_GHA_2022_GSHS_v01_M Melanie Cowan 2026-05-07 Nesstar Publisher Version 1.0 (May 2026). Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2022 Sekondi-Takoradi GSHS 2022 GHA_2022_GSHS_v01 Nesstar Publisher World Health Organization Global School-Based Student Health Survey This is the fourth GSHS conducted by Ghana. Public-use dataset adolescents school health noncommunicable diseases risk factors protective factors health surveys alcohol use diet nutrition drug use hygiene mental health physical activity sexual behaviours tobacco use violence and unintentional injury overweight obesity bullying Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) The GSHS is a school-based survey which uses a self-administered questionnaire to obtain data on young people's health behaviour and protective factors related to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children and adults worldwide. Ghana Sekondi-Takoradi Individuals School-going adolescents aged 13-17 years. Sample survey data [ssd] self-administered All data processing (scanning, cleaning, editing, and weighting) was conducted by the World Health Organization. The school response rate was 97.4%, the student response rate was 91.8%, and the overall response rate was 89.3%. A total of 3796 students participated in the Ghana (Sekondi-Takoradi) GSHS. NCD Surveillance Team The data is being distributed without warranty of any kind. The responsibility for the use of the data lies with the user. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. Subnational dataset.NSDstat 3796 203 Nesstar 200801 Record ID 3796 0 1 3796 1898.5 1095.955 Stratum 3796 0 11 133 53.796 51.627 PSU 3796 0 1 147 67.253 51.486 Analysis weight 3796 0 0.414 4.531 1 1.317 Height How tall are you without your shoes on? 3791 5 100 199 159.829 9.731 Weight How much do you weigh without your shoes on? 3788 8 24 103 49.378 9.82 Age How old are you? 3763 33 1 11 years old or younger 29 2 12 years old 171 3 13 years old 911 4 14 years old 1196 5 15 years old 690 6 16 years old 355 7 17 years old 254 8 18 years or older 157 Sysmiss 33 Sex What is your sex? 3750 46 1 Male 1720 2 Female 2030 Sysmiss 46 Grade In what grade/class/standard are you? 3750 46 1 JHS 1 1811 2 JHS 2 1487 3 JHS 3 0 4 SHS 1 233 5 SHS 2 219 6 SHS 3 0 Sysmiss 46 How often went hungry During the past 30 days, how often did you go hungry because there was not enough food in your home? 3776 20 1 Never 1193 2 Rarely 205 3 Sometimes 1839 4 Most of the time 393 5 Always 146 Sysmiss 20 Fruit consumption past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3780 16 1 I did not eat fruit during the past 7 days 927 2 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days 1187 3 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days 453 4 1 time per day 569 5 2 times per day 286 6 3 times per day 177 7 4 or more times per day 181 Sysmiss 16 Vegetable consumption past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat vegetables, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3759 37 1 I did not eat vegetables during the past 7 days 504 2 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days 1019 3 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days 800 4 1 time per day 562 5 2 times per day 326 6 3 times per day 218 7 4 or more times per day 330 Sysmiss 37 Soft drink consumption past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a carbonated soft drink, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count diet soft drinks.) 3766 30 1 I did not drink carbonated soft drinks during the past 7 days 960 2 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days 982 3 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days 424 4 1 time per day 774 5 2 times per day 296 6 3 times per day 151 7 4 or more times per day 179 Sysmiss 30 Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption past 7 days For this question, DO NOT COUNT carbonated soft drinks measured in the previous question or diet or no calorie drinks. During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened drink? 3773 23 1 I did not drink sugar-sweetened drinks during the past 7 days 1190 2 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days 919 3 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days 341 4 1 time per day 771 5 2 times per day 272 6 3 times per day 144 7 4 or more times per day 136 Sysmiss 23 Tooth brushing During the past 30 days, how many times per day did you usually clean or brush your teeth? 3662 134 1 I did not clean or brush my teeth during the past 30 days 24 2 Less than 1 time per day 276 3 1 time per day 1166 4 2 times per day 1668 5 3 or more times per day 528 Sysmiss 134 Tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste During the past 30 days, did you usually use a toothpaste that contains fluoride when you cleaned or brushed your teeth? 3670 126 1 I did not clean or brush my teeth during the past 30 days 160 2 Yes, I usually used a toothpaste that contains fluoride 2431 3 No, I did not usually use a toothpaste that contains fluoride 218 4 I do not know if the toothpaste I usually used contains fluoride 861 Sysmiss 126 Missed class due to oral health problem in past 30 days During the past 30 days, did a problem with your mouth, teeth, or gums cause you to miss classes or school? 3729 67 1 Yes 588 2 No 3141 Sysmiss 67 Hand washing before eating During the past 30 days, how often did you wash your hands before eating? 3736 60 1 Never 106 2 Rarely 157 3 Sometimes 906 4 Most of the time 683 5 Always 1884 Sysmiss 60 Hand washing after toilet During the past 30 days, how often did you wash your hands after using the toilet or latrine? 3748 48 1 Never 176 2 Rarely 161 3 Sometimes 836 4 Most of the time 573 5 Always 2002 Sysmiss 48 Hand washing with soap During the past 30 days, how often did you use soap when washing your hands? 3743 53 1 Never 195 2 Rarely 195 3 Sometimes 1336 4 Most of the time 678 5 Always 1339 Sysmiss 53 Clean toilets at school Are the toilets or latrines clean at school? 3702 94 1 There are no toilets or latrines at school 587 2 Yes 1592 3 No 1523 Sysmiss 94 Serious injury in past 12 mos The next 3 questions ask about serious injuries that happened to you. An injury is serious when it makes you miss at least one full day of usual activities (such as school, sports, or a job) or requires treatment by a doctor or nurse. During the past 12 months, how many times were you seriously injured? 3398 398 1 0 times 1076 2 1 time 839 3 2 or 3 times 842 4 4 or 5 times 257 5 6 or 7 times 127 6 8 or 9 times 57 7 10 or 11 times 61 8 12 or more times 139 Sysmiss 398 Type of serious injury During the past 12 months, what was the most serious injury that happened to you? 3476 320 1 I was not seriously injured during the past 12 months 1813 2 I had a broken bone, a dislocated joint, or a broken or knocked out tooth 325 3 I had a cut or stab wound 419 4 I had a concussion or other head or neck injury, was knocked out, or could not breathe 232 5 I had a gunshot wound 30 6 I had a bad burn 76 7 I was poisoned or took too much of a drug 25 8 Something else happened to me 556 Sysmiss 320 Cause of serious injury During the past 12 months, what was the major cause of the most serious injury that happened to you? 3446 350 1 I was not seriously injured during the past 12 months 1718 2 I was in a motor vehicle accident or hit by a motor vehicle 192 3 I fell 454 4 Something fell on me or hit me 409 5 I was attacked or abused or was fighting with someone 114 6 I was in a fire or too near a flame or something hot 96 7 I breathed or swallowed something bad for me 56 8 Something else caused my injury 407 Sysmiss 350 Physical attacks in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times were you physically attacked? 3758 38 1 0 times 2192 2 1 time 720 3 2 or 3 times 502 4 4 or 5 times 134 5 6 or 7 times 65 6 8 or 9 times 34 7 10 or 11 times 25 8 12 or more times 86 Sysmiss 38 Hit by teacher in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, did your teacher hit, slap, or physically hurt you on purpose or make you do something that hurt, such as stand or kneel for a long period of time? 3718 78 1 Yes 1748 2 No 1970 Sysmiss 78 Physical fighting in past 12 mos The next question asks about physical fights. A physical fight occurs when two students of about the same strength or power choose to fight each other. During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight? 3720 76 1 0 times 2165 2 1 time 743 3 2 or 3 times 465 4 4 or 5 times 137 5 6 or 7 times 48 6 8 or 9 times 35 7 10 or 11 times 31 8 12 or more times 96 Sysmiss 76 Sexual violence in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did anyone force you to do sexual things that you did not want to do? 3767 29 1 0 times 2852 2 1 time 413 3 2 or 3 times 267 4 4 or 5 times 83 5 6 or more times 152 Sysmiss 29 Bullied at school in past 12 mos The next 3 questions ask about bullying. Bullying occurs when one or more students or other people about your age say or do hurtful or mean things. Bullying can occur when someone teases, threatens, ignores, spreads rumors about, calls someone a bad name, makes sexual remarks, or hits, shoves, or hurts another person over and over again. It is not bullying when two people of about the same strength or power argue or fight or tease each other in a friendly way. During the past 12 months, were you bullied on school property? 3691 105 1 Yes 1011 2 No 2680 Sysmiss 105 Bullied not at school in past 12 months The next 3 questions ask about bullying. Bullying occurs when one or more students or other people about your age say or do hurtful or mean things. Bullying can occur when someone teases, threatens, ignores, spreads rumors about, calls someone a bad name, makes sexual remarks, or hits, shoves, or hurts another person over and over again. It is not bullying when two people of about the same strength or power argue or fight or tease each other in a friendly way. During the past 12 months, were you bullied when you were not on school property? 3609 187 1 Yes 999 2 No 2610 Sysmiss 187 Cyber bullied in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, were you cyber bullied? 3642 154 1 Yes 816 2 No 2826 Sysmiss 154 Afraid to go to school due to bullies in past 30 days During the past 30 days how many times did you feel like not going to school because you were afraid of being bullied? 3758 38 1 Never 2450 2 Rarely 189 3 Sometimes 860 4 Most of the time 169 5 Always 90 Sysmiss 38 Close friends How many close friends do you have? 3668 128 1 0 friends 393 2 1 friend 736 3 2 friends 909 4 3 or more friends 1630 Sysmiss 128 Felt lonely in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how often did you feel lonely? 3755 41 1 Never 1166 2 Rarely 223 3 Sometimes 1742 4 Most of the time 389 5 Always 235 Sysmiss 41 Could not sleep due to worry in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how often were you so worried about something that you could not sleep at night? 3758 38 1 Never 1564 2 Rarely 304 3 Sometimes 1368 4 Most of the time 339 5 Always 183 Sysmiss 38 Felt depressed in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how often did you feel down, depressed, or hopeless or have little interest in or get much pleasure from doing things? 3681 115 1 Never 1450 2 Rarely 329 3 Sometimes 1395 4 Most of the time 342 5 Always 165 Sysmiss 115 Considered suicide in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, did you seriously consider attempting suicide? 3645 151 1 Yes 901 2 No 2744 Sysmiss 151 Made a suicide plan in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide? 3645 151 1 Yes 1033 2 No 2612 Sysmiss 151 Attempted suicide in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did you attempt suicide? 3682 114 1 0 times 2525 2 1 time 646 3 2 or 3 times 339 4 4 or 5 times 84 5 6 or more times 88 Sysmiss 114 Ever tried cigarettes Have you ever tried or experimented with cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs? 3384 412 1 Yes 503 2 No 2881 Sysmiss 412 Initiation of cigarette use How old were you when you first tried smoking a cigarette? 3511 285 1 I have never tried smoking a cigarette 3206 2 7 years old or younger 76 3 8 or 9 years old 51 4 10 or 11 years old 56 5 12 or 13 years old 52 6 14 or 15 years old 47 7 16 or 17 years old 19 8 18 years old or older 4 Sysmiss 285 Current cigarette use During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigarettes? 3571 225 1 0 days 3352 2 1 or 2 days 108 3 3 to 5 days 43 4 6 to 9 days 24 5 10 to 19 days 21 6 20 to 29 days 3 7 All 30 days 20 Sysmiss 225 Current other tobacco product use During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use any form of smoked tobacco products other than cigarettes? 3756 40 1 0 days 3377 2 1 or 2 days 194 3 3 to 5 days 70 4 6 to 9 days 39 5 10 to 19 days 32 6 20 to 29 days 15 7 All 30 days 29 Sysmiss 40 Current smokeless tobacco use During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use any form of smokeless tobacco products? 3752 44 1 0 days 3340 2 1 or 2 days 192 3 3 to 5 days 72 4 6 to 9 days 57 5 10 to 19 days 30 6 20 to 29 days 18 7 All 30 days 43 Sysmiss 44 Current e-cigarette use During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use electronic cigarettes? 3724 72 1 0 days 3135 2 1 or 2 days 305 3 3 to 5 days 103 4 6 to 9 days 55 5 10 to 19 days 40 6 20 to 29 days 16 7 All 30 days 70 Sysmiss 72 Initiation of alcohol use How old were you when you had your first drink of alcohol other than a few sips? 3002 794 1 I have never had a drink of alcohol other than a few sips 1739 2 7 years old or younger 306 3 8 or 9 years old 138 4 10 or 11 years old 204 5 12 or 13 years old 290 6 14 or 15 years old 221 7 16 or 17 years old 91 8 18 years old or older 13 Sysmiss 794 Current alcohol use During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have at least one drink containing alcohol? 3502 294 1 0 days 2751 2 1 or 2 days 492 3 3 to 5 days 108 4 6 to 9 days 53 5 10 to 19 days 54 6 20 to 29 days 23 7 All 30 days 21 Sysmiss 294 Average number of drinks per day During the past 30 days, on the days you drank alcohol, how many drinks did you usually drink per day? 3443 353 1 I did not drink alcohol during the past 30 days 2681 2 Less than one drink 311 3 1 drink 280 4 2 drinks 85 5 3 drinks 32 6 4 drinks 19 7 5 or more drinks 35 Sysmiss 353 Largest number of drinks in one occasion in past 30 days During the past 30 days, what is the largest number of alcoholic drinks you had in a row, that is, within a couple of hours? 3571 225 1 I did not drink alcohol during the past 30 days 2917 2 1 or 2 drinks 474 3 3 drinks 73 4 4 drinks 51 5 5 drinks 20 6 6 or 7 drinks 5 7 8 or 9 drinks 5 8 10 or more drinks 26 Sysmiss 225 Usual source of alchohol in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how did you usually get the alcohol you drank? 3553 243 1 I did not drink alcohol during the past 30 days 2842 2 I bought it in a store, shop, or from a street vendor 186 3 I gave someone else money to buy it for me 73 4 I got it from my friends 177 5 I got it from my family 156 6 I stole it or got it without permission 39 7 I got it some other way 80 Sysmiss 243 Last place drank alcohol Where were you the last time you had a drink of alcohol? 3710 86 1 I have never had a drink of alcohol 2539 2 At my home or someone else's home 561 3 On school property 108 4 While riding in or driving a car or other vehicle 43 5 At a restaurant, bar, pub, or club 239 6 At a public place, such as out on the street, in a parking lot, at a park, or in some other open area 33 7 At a public event, such as a concert or sporting event 71 8 Some other place 116 Sysmiss 86 Friends drink How many of your friends drink alcohol? 3751 45 1 None 2685 2 A few 587 3 Some 287 4 Most 82 5 All 110 Sysmiss 45 Ever got in trouble from drinking During your life, how many times have you got into trouble at home, work, or school or got into fights, as a result of drinking alcohol? 3382 414 1 0 times 2886 2 1 or 2 times 233 3 3 to 5 times 108 4 6 to 9 times 49 5 10 to 19 times 37 6 20 or more times 69 Sysmiss 414 Ever really drunk During your life, how many times have you drank so much alcohol that you were really drunk? 3626 170 1 0 times 3182 2 1 or 2 times 283 3 3 to 5 times 83 4 6 to 9 times 32 5 10 to 19 times 20 6 20 or more times 26 Sysmiss 170 Attending school under influence of alcohol in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did you attend school under the influence of alcohol? 3759 37 1 0 times 3313 2 1 or 2 times 192 3 3 to 5 times 83 4 6 to 9 times 44 5 10 to 19 times 38 6 20 to 39 times 17 7 40 or more times 72 Sysmiss 37 Initiation of drug use How old were you when you first used drugs? 3361 435 1 I have never used drugs 2854 2 7 years old or younger 195 3 8 or 9 years old 101 4 10 or 11 years old 56 5 12 or 13 years old 68 6 14 or 15 years old 55 7 16 or 17 years old 24 8 18 years old or older 8 Sysmiss 435 Ever marijuana use During your life, how many times have you used cannabis (also called marijuana and COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS FOR CANNABIS)? 3573 223 1 0 times 3316 2 1 or 2 times 93 3 3 to 5 times 66 4 6 to 9 times 44 5 10 to 19 times 29 6 20 or more times 25 Sysmiss 223 Current marijuana use During the past 30 days, how many times did you use cannabis (also called marijuana and COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS FOR CANNABIS)? 3600 196 1 0 times 3340 2 1 or 2 times 95 3 3 to 5 times 72 4 6 to 9 times 36 5 10 to 19 times 30 6 20 or more times 27 Sysmiss 196 Amphethamine or methamphetamine use During your life, how many times have you used amphetamines or methamphetamines (also called COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS FOR AMPHETAMINES AND METHAMPHETAMINES) for non-medical purposes? 3456 340 1 0 times 3184 2 1 or 2 times 126 3 3 to 5 times 61 4 6 to 9 times 37 5 10 to 19 times 29 6 20 or more times 19 Sysmiss 340 Attending school under influence of drugs in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did you attend school under the influence of drugs, such as cannabis (also called marijuana and COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS) or cocaine (also called COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS)? 3707 89 1 0 times 3255 2 1 or 2 times 234 3 3 to 5 times 91 4 6 to 9 times 38 5 10 to 19 times 31 6 20 or more times 58 Sysmiss 89 Ever sexual intercourse Have you ever had sexual intercourse? 3112 684 1 Yes 901 2 No 2211 Sysmiss 684 Age first had sex How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? 3541 255 1 I have never had sexual intercourse 2906 2 11 years old or younger 272 3 12 years old 82 4 13 years old 66 5 14 years old 63 6 15 years old 61 7 16 or 17 years old 77 8 18 years old or older 14 Sysmiss 255 Age difference with first sexual partner The first time you had sexual intercourse, how many years younger or older than you was your partner? 3696 100 1 I have never had sexual intercourse 2853 2 5 or more years younger 229 3 3 to 4 years younger 150 4 About the same age 144 5 3 to 4 years older 47 6 5 or more years older 70 7 I do not know 203 Sysmiss 100 Number of sex partners During your life, with how many people have you had sexual intercourse? 3500 296 1 I have never had sexual intercourse 2883 2 1 person 279 3 2 people 133 4 3 people 82 5 4 people 37 6 5 people 20 7 6 or more people 66 Sysmiss 296 Condom use last sexual intercourse The last time you had sexual intercourse, did you or your partner use a condom or [COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERM FOR CONDOM]? 3329 467 1 I have never had sexual intercourse 2733 2 Yes 255 3 No 341 Sysmiss 467 Birth control use last sexual intercourse The last time you had sexual intercourse, what one method did you or your partner use to prevent pregnancy? SELECT ONLY ONE RESPONSE. 3464 332 1 I have never had sexual intercourse 2859 2 No method was used to prevent pregnancy 247 3 Birth control pills 81 4 Condoms 141 5 An IUD or implant 13 6 A shot, patch, or birth control ring 7 7 Withdrawal or some other method 19 8 I do not know 97 Sysmiss 332 Times pregnant or gotten someone pregnant How many times have you been pregnant or gotten someone pregnant ? 3733 63 1 0 times 3353 2 1 time 166 3 2 or more times 105 4 I do not know 109 Sysmiss 63 Physical activity past 7 days The next 4 questions ask about physical activity. Physical activity is any activity that increases your heart rate and makes you breathe hard. Physical activity can be done in sports, playing with friends, walking to school, or in physical education class. Some examples of physical activity are running, fast walking, biking, dancing, football, and COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES. During the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day? ADD UP ALL THE TIME YOU SPENT IN ANY KIND OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY EACH DAY. 3690 106 1 0 days 1257 2 1 day 762 3 2 days 407 4 3 days 301 5 4 days 161 6 5 days 149 7 6 days 77 8 7 days 576 Sysmiss 106 Strength training past 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days did you do exercises to strengthen or tone your muscles, such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting? 3653 143 1 0 days 1118 2 1 day 693 3 2 days 534 4 3 days 384 5 4 days 215 6 5 days 183 7 6 days 86 8 7 days 440 Sysmiss 143 Walk or bike to school past 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days did you walk or ride a bicycle to or from school? 3700 96 1 0 days 1612 2 1 day 428 3 2 days 273 4 3 days 151 5 4 days 101 6 5 days 325 7 6 days 51 8 7 days 759 Sysmiss 96 Physical education per week During this school year, on how many days did you go to physical education (PE) class each week? 3692 104 1 0 days 1266 2 1 day 946 3 2 days 483 4 3 days 239 5 4 days 141 6 5 or more days 617 Sysmiss 104 Time spent sitting per day How much time do you spend during a typical or usual day sitting or lying down doing such things as watching television, playing computer games, talking with friends, using your mobile phone, traveling in a motor vehicle, napping, or doing other activities sitting or lying down, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count time spent sleeping at night.) 3690 106 1 Less than 1 hour per day 1471 2 1 to 2 hours per day 1050 3 3 to 4 hours per day 529 4 5 to 6 hours per day 217 5 7 to 8 hours per day 138 6 More than 8 hours per day 285 Sysmiss 106 Hours of sleep on average school night On an average school night, how many hours of sleep do you get? 3717 79 1 4 or less hours 1029 2 5 hours 575 3 6 hours 462 4 7 hours 473 5 8 hours 636 6 9 hours 244 7 10 hours 124 8 11 or more hours 174 Sysmiss 79 Miss school no permission in past 30 days During the past 30 days, on how many days did you miss classes or school without permission? 3717 79 1 0 days 2126 2 1 or 2 days 1042 3 3 to 5 days 312 4 6 to 9 days 122 5 10 or more days 115 Sysmiss 79 Other students kind and helpful in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were most of the students in your school kind and helpful? 3685 111 1 Never 683 2 Rarely 331 3 Sometimes 1727 4 Most of the time 430 5 Always 514 Sysmiss 111 Able to talk to someone about problems in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were you able to talk to someone about difficult problems and worries? 3734 62 1 Never 1486 2 Rarely 374 3 Sometimes 1478 4 Most of the time 211 5 Always 185 Sysmiss 62 Parents understand problems in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were you able to talk to someone about difficult problems and worries? 3736 60 1 Never 1054 2 Rarely 318 3 Sometimes 1138 4 Most of the time 455 5 Always 771 Sysmiss 60 Parents listen in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians pay attention and listen to you? 3697 99 1 Never 729 2 Rarely 327 3 Sometimes 1110 4 Most of the time 484 5 Always 1047 Sysmiss 99 Parents check homework in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians check to see if your homework was done? 3706 90 1 Never 1045 2 Rarely 320 3 Sometimes 967 4 Most of the time 409 5 Always 965 Sysmiss 90 Parents know about free time in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians really know what you were doing with your free time? 3721 75 1 Never 924 2 Rarely 342 3 Sometimes 1222 4 Most of the time 463 5 Always 770 Sysmiss 75 Parents go through their things in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians go through your things without your approval? 3701 95 1 Never 1530 2 Rarely 368 3 Sometimes 1132 4 Most of the time 299 5 Always 372 Sysmiss 95 Who is responsible for your needs Who is responsible for taking care of your needs? 3732 64 1 Both my father and mother 2555 2 Only my father 360 3 Only my mother 503 4 My uncle or aunt or both my uncle and aunt 122 5 My grandmother or grandfather or both 77 6 My sister or brother or more than one of my siblings 64 7 Some other person 51 Sysmiss 64 Hours per day mobile phone used in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many hours per day did you use your mobile phone to be on social media, for online communication, or to browse the internet? 3727 69 1 I did not have a mobile phone during the past 7 days 1890 2 Less than one hour per day 761 3 1 to 2 hours per day 517 4 3 to 4 hours per day 221 5 5 to 6 hours per day 90 6 7 to 8 hours per day 75 7 More than 8 hours per day 173 Sysmiss 69 Home-schooling during COVID-19 pandemic During the COVID-19 pandemic, did you attend school from home at least some of the time using a computer, mobile phone, or other electronic device? 3529 267 1 Yes 1600 2 No 1929 Sysmiss 267 COVID-19 testing During the COVID-19 pandemic, were you tested by a doctor or nurse for COVID-19 infection? 3676 120 1 Yes 819 2 No 2480 3 I do not know 377 Sysmiss 120 COVID-19 vaccination Have you ever received a vaccine to prevent getting infected with COVID-19? 3690 106 1 Yes 771 2 No 2600 3 I do not know 319 Sysmiss 106 Averaged 60 mins of physical activity per day in past 7 days The next question asks about physical activity. It is similar to but different than a question you were asked earlier. As a reminder, physical activity is any activity that increases your heart rate and makes you breathe hard. Physical activity can be done in sports, playing with friends, walking to school, or in physical education class. Some examples of physical activity are running, fast walking, biking, dancing, football, basketball, table tennis, volleyball, ampe, pilolo, and chaskele. During the past 7 days, did you do at least an average of 60 minutes per day of physical activity across the 7 days? 3612 184 1 Yes 2197 2 No 1415 Sysmiss 184 Did not drink any sugar-sweetened drink in past 7 days 3747 49 1 Yes 581 2 No 3166 Sysmiss 49 Drank any sugar-sweetened drink less than 1 time per day in past 7 days 3747 49 1 Yes 1853 2 No 1894 Sysmiss 49 Drank any sugar-sweetened drink 1 or more times per day in past 7 days 3747 49 1 Yes 1894 2 No 1853 Sysmiss 49 Drank any sugar-sweetened drink 2 or more times per day in past 7 days 3747 49 1 Yes 944 2 No 2803 Sysmiss 49 Drank any sugar-sweetened drink 3 or more times per day in past 7 days 3747 49 1 Yes 518 2 No 3229 Sysmiss 49 Currently used any tobacco product 3509 287 1 Yes 431 2 No 3078 Sysmiss 287 Were underweight 3718 78 1 Yes 342 2 No 3376 Sysmiss 78 Were overweight 3718 78 1 Yes 398 2 No 3320 Sysmiss 78 Were obese 3718 78 1 Yes 131 2 No 3587 Sysmiss 78 Went hungry most of time or always During the past 30 days, how often did you go hungry because there was not enough food in your home? 3776 20 1 Yes 539 2 No 3237 Sysmiss 20 Did not eat fruit in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3780 16 1 Yes 927 2 No 2853 Sysmiss 16 Ate fruit less than 1 time per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3780 16 1 Yes 2567 2 No 1213 Sysmiss 16 Ate fruit 1 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3780 16 1 Yes 1213 2 No 2567 Sysmiss 16 Ate fruit 2 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3780 16 1 Yes 644 2 No 3136 Sysmiss 16 Ate fruit 3 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3780 16 1 Yes 358 2 No 3422 Sysmiss 16 Did not eat vegetables in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat vegetables, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3759 37 1 Yes 504 2 No 3255 Sysmiss 37 Ate vegetables less than 1 time per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat vegetables, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3759 37 1 Yes 2323 2 No 1436 Sysmiss 37 Ate vegetables 1 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat vegetables, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3759 37 1 Yes 1436 2 No 2323 Sysmiss 37 Ate vegetables 2 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat vegetables, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3759 37 1 Yes 874 2 No 2885 Sysmiss 37 Ate vegetables 3 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat vegetables, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? 3759 37 1 Yes 548 2 No 3211 Sysmiss 37 Did not drink soft drinks in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a carbonated soft drink, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count diet soft drinks.) 3766 30 1 Yes 960 2 No 2806 Sysmiss 30 Drank soft drinks less than 1 time per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a carbonated soft drink, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count diet soft drinks.) 3766 30 1 Yes 2366 2 No 1400 Sysmiss 30 Drank soft drinks 1 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a carbonated soft drink, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count diet soft drinks.) 3766 30 1 Yes 1400 2 No 2366 Sysmiss 30 Drank soft drinks 2 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a carbonated soft drink, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count diet soft drinks.) 3766 30 1 Yes 626 2 No 3140 Sysmiss 30 Drank soft drinks 3 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a carbonated soft drink, such as COUNTRY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES? (Do not count diet soft drinks.) 3766 30 1 Yes 330 2 No 3436 Sysmiss 30 Did not drink sugar-sweetened beverages in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened drink? 3773 23 1 Yes 1190 2 No 2583 Sysmiss 23 Drank sugar-sweetened beverages less than 1 time per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened drink? 3773 23 1 Yes 2450 2 No 1323 Sysmiss 23 Drank sugar-sweetened beverages 1 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened drink? 3773 23 1 Yes 1323 2 No 2450 Sysmiss 23 Drank sugar-sweetened beverages 2 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened drink? 3773 23 1 Yes 552 2 No 3221 Sysmiss 23 Drank sugar-sweetened beverages 3 or more times per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened drink? 3773 23 1 Yes 280 2 No 3493 Sysmiss 23 Usually cleaned or brushed their teeth During the past 30 days, how many times per day did you usually clean or brush your teeth? 3662 134 1 Yes 3362 2 No 300 Sysmiss 134 Did not usually clean or brush their teeth During the past 30 days, how many times per day did you usually clean or brush your teeth? 3662 134 1 Yes 300 2 No 3362 Sysmiss 134 Usually used fluoride toothpaste During the past 30 days, did you usually use a toothpaste that contains fluoride when you cleaned or brushed your teeth? 3510 286 1 Yes 2431 2 No 1079 Sysmiss 286 Missed class due to oral health problem in past 30 days During the past 30 days, did a problem with your mouth, teeth, or gums cause you to miss classes or school? 3729 67 1 Yes 588 2 No 3141 Sysmiss 67 Never or rarely washed their hands before eating During the past 30 days, how often did you wash your hands before eating? 3736 60 1 Yes 263 2 No 3473 Sysmiss 60 Never or rarely washed hands after using toilet During the past 30 days, how often did you wash your hands after using the toilet or latrine? 3748 48 1 Yes 337 2 No 3411 Sysmiss 48 Never or rarely used soap when washing their hands During the past 30 days, how often did you use soap when washing your hands? 3743 53 1 Yes 390 2 No 3353 Sysmiss 53 Reported that school toilets were clean Are the toilets or latrines clean at school? 3115 681 1 Yes 1592 2 No 1523 Sysmiss 681 Seriously injured in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times were you seriously injured? 3398 398 1 Yes 2322 2 No 1076 Sysmiss 398 Most serious injury was broken bone or dislocated joint During the past 12 months, what was the most serious injury that happened to you? 1663 2133 1 Yes 325 2 No 1338 Sysmiss 2133 Most serious injury caused by motor vehicle accident During the past 12 months, what was the major cause of the most serious injury that happened to you? 1728 2068 1 Yes 192 2 No 1536 Sysmiss 2068 Were physically attacked in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times were you physically attacked? 3758 38 1 Yes 1566 2 No 2192 Sysmiss 38 Hit by teacher in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, did your teacher hit, slap, or physically hurt you on purpose or make you do something that hurt, such as stand or kneel for a long period of time? 3718 78 1 Yes 1748 2 No 1970 Sysmiss 78 In a physical fight in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight? 3720 76 1 Yes 1555 2 No 2165 Sysmiss 76 Victim of sexual violence in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did anyone force you to do sexual things that you did not want to do? 3767 29 1 Yes 915 2 No 2852 Sysmiss 29 Bullied at school in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, were you bullied on school property? 3691 105 1 Yes 1011 2 No 2680 Sysmiss 105 Bullied not at school in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, were you bullied when you were not on school property? 3609 187 1 Yes 999 2 No 2610 Sysmiss 187 Cyber bullied in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, were you cyber bullied? 3642 154 1 Yes 816 2 No 2826 Sysmiss 154 Most of the time or always afraid to go to school due to bullies in past 30 days During the past 30 days how many times did you feel like not going to school because you were afraid of being bullied? 3758 38 1 Yes 259 2 No 3499 Sysmiss 38 Did not have any close friends How many close friends do you have? 3668 128 1 Yes 393 2 No 3275 Sysmiss 128 Most of the time or always felt lonely in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how often did you feel lonely? 3755 41 1 Yes 624 2 No 3131 Sysmiss 41 During the past 12 months, how often were you so worried about something that you could not sleep at night? 3758 38 1 Yes 522 2 No 3236 Sysmiss 38 During the past 12 months, how often did you feel down, depressed, or hopeless or have little interest in or get much pleasure from doing things? 3681 115 1 Yes 507 2 No 3174 Sysmiss 115 Seriously considered attempting suicide in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, did you seriously consider attempting suicide? 3645 151 1 Yes 901 2 No 2744 Sysmiss 151 Made a plan about how they would attempt suicide in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide? 3645 151 1 Yes 1033 2 No 2612 Sysmiss 151 Attempted suicide in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did you attempt suicide? 3682 114 1 Yes 1157 2 No 2525 Sysmiss 114 Ever tried cigarette smoking Have you ever tried or experimented with cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs? 3384 412 1 Yes 503 2 No 2881 Sysmiss 412 Tried a cigarette before age 14 years How old were you when you first tried smoking a cigarette? 305 3491 1 Yes 235 2 No 70 Sysmiss 3491 Currently smoked cigarettes During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigarettes? 3571 225 1 Yes 219 2 No 3352 Sysmiss 225 Currently smoked any tobacco products other than cigarettes During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use any form of smoked tobacco products other than cigarettes? 3756 40 1 Yes 379 2 No 3377 Sysmiss 40 Currently used smokeless tobacco During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use any form of smokeless tobacco products? 3752 44 1 Yes 412 2 No 3340 Sysmiss 44 Currently used e-cigarettes During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use electronic cigarettes? 3724 72 1 Yes 589 2 No 3135 Sysmiss 72 Drank alcohol before age 14 years How old were you when you had your first drink of alcohol other than a few sips? 1263 2533 1 Yes 938 2 No 325 Sysmiss 2533 Currently drank alcohol During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have at least one drink containing alcohol? 3502 294 1 Yes 751 2 No 2751 Sysmiss 294 Usually drank two or more drinks per day in past 30 days During the past 30 days, on the days you drank alcohol, how many drinks did you usually drink per day? 762 3034 1 Yes 171 2 No 591 Sysmiss 3034 Drank 6 or more drinks in a row in past 30 days During the past 30 days, what is the largest number of alcoholic drinks you had in a row, that is, within a couple of hours? 654 3142 1 Yes 36 2 No 618 Sysmiss 3142 Usually obtained the alcohol they drank from friends in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how did you usually get the alcohol you drank? 711 3085 1 Yes 177 2 No 534 Sysmiss 3085 Last drank alcohol at home or someone else's home Where were you the last time you had a drink of alcohol? 3710 86 1 Yes 561 2 No 3149 Sysmiss 86 Most or all friends drink alcohol How many of your friends drink alcohol? 3751 45 1 Yes 192 2 No 3559 Sysmiss 45 Ever got into trouble due to drinking During your life, how many times have you got into trouble at home, work, or school or got into fights, as a result of drinking alcohol? 3382 414 1 Yes 496 2 No 2886 Sysmiss 414 Ever drank so much alcohol that they were really drunk During your life, how many times have you drank so much alcohol that you were really drunk? 3626 170 1 Yes 444 2 No 3182 Sysmiss 170 Attended school under influence of alcohol in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did you attend school under the influence of alcohol? 3759 37 1 Yes 446 2 No 3313 Sysmiss 37 Used drugs before age 14 years How old were you when you first used drugs? 507 3289 1 Yes 420 2 No 87 Sysmiss 3289 Ever used marijuana During your life, how many times have you used cannabis (also called marijuana and COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS FOR CANNABIS)? 3573 223 1 Yes 257 2 No 3316 Sysmiss 223 Currently used marijuana During the past 30 days, how many times did you use cannabis (also called marijuana and COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS FOR CANNABIS)? 3600 196 1 Yes 260 2 No 3340 Sysmiss 196 Ever used amphethamines or methamphetamines During your life, how many times have you used amphetamines or methamphetamines (also called COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS FOR AMPHETAMINES AND METHAMPHETAMINES) for non-medical purposes? 3456 340 1 Yes 272 2 No 3184 Sysmiss 340 Attended school under influence of drugs in past 12 mos During the past 12 months, how many times did you attend school under the influence of drugs, such as cannabis (also called marijuana and COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS) or cocaine (also called COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERMS)? 3707 89 1 Yes 452 2 No 3255 Sysmiss 89 Ever had sexual intercourse Have you ever had sexual intercourse? 3112 684 1 Yes 901 2 No 2211 Sysmiss 684 Had sexual intercourse before age 14 years How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? 635 3161 1 Yes 420 2 No 215 Sysmiss 3161 First sexual partner was 3 or more years older The first time you had sexual intercourse, how many years younger or older than you was your partner? 3696 100 1 Yes 117 2 No 3579 Sysmiss 100 Had sexual intercourse with two or more persons During your life, with how many people have you had sexual intercourse? 3500 296 1 Yes 338 2 No 3162 Sysmiss 296 Used a condom during last sexual intercourse The last time you had sexual intercourse, did you or your partner use a condom or [COUNTRY SPECIFIC SLANG TERM FOR CONDOM]? 596 3200 1 Yes 255 2 No 341 Sysmiss 3200 Used birth control during last sexual intercourse The last time you had sexual intercourse, what one method did you or your partner use to prevent pregnancy? SELECT ONLY ONE RESPONSE. 605 3191 1 Yes 81 2 No 524 Sysmiss 3191 Ever pregnant or ever gotten someone pregnant How many times have you been pregnant or gotten someone pregnant? 3733 63 1 Yes 271 2 No 3462 Sysmiss 63 Physically active at least 60 mins per day last 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day? 3690 106 1 Yes 576 2 No 3114 Sysmiss 106 Not physically active at least 60 mins per day last 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day? 3690 106 1 Yes 3114 2 No 576 Sysmiss 106 Not physically active at least 60 mins per day on any day in last 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day? 3690 106 1 Yes 1257 2 No 2433 Sysmiss 106 Did strength training 3 or more days in last 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days did you do exercises to strengthen or tone your muscles, such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting? 3653 143 1 Yes 1308 2 No 2345 Sysmiss 143 Did no strength training in last 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days did you do exercises to strengthen or tone your muscles, such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting? 3653 143 1 Yes 1118 2 No 2535 Sysmiss 143 Did not walk or ride a bicycle to or from school in last 7 days During the past 7 days, on how many days did you walk or ride a bicycle to or from school? 3700 96 1 Yes 1612 2 No 2088 Sysmiss 96 Did not attend physical education classes during this school year During this school year, on how many days did you go to physical education (PE) class each week? 3692 104 1 Yes 1266 2 No 2426 Sysmiss 104 Attended physical education classes 3 or more days per week During this school year, on how many days did you go to physical education (PE) class each week? 3692 104 1 Yes 997 2 No 2695 Sysmiss 104 Attended physical education classes 5 or more days per week During this school year, on how many days did you go to physical education (PE) class each week? 3692 104 1 Yes 617 2 No 3075 Sysmiss 104 Spent three or more hours per day doing sitting activities How much time do you spend during a typical or usual day sitting or lying down doing such things as watching television, playing computer games, talking with friends, using your mobile phone, traveling in a motor vehicle, napping, or doing other activities sitting or lying down, such as playing board games, draft, or oware? 3690 106 1 Yes 1169 2 No 2521 Sysmiss 106 Sleep 8 to 10 hours per night On an average school night, how many hours of sleep do you get? 3717 79 1 Yes 1004 2 No 2713 Sysmiss 79 Sleep less than 8 hours per night On an average school night, how many hours of sleep do you get? 3717 79 1 Yes 2539 2 No 1178 Sysmiss 79 Missed classes or school without permission in past 30 days During the past 30 days, on how many days did you miss classes or school without permission? 3717 79 1 Yes 1591 2 No 2126 Sysmiss 79 Most students were most of the time or always kind in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were most of the students in your school kind and helpful? 3685 111 1 Yes 944 2 No 2741 Sysmiss 111 Most students were never or rarely kind in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were most of the students in your school kind and helpful? 3685 111 1 Yes 1014 2 No 2671 Sysmiss 111 Able to talk to someone about problems most of the time or always in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were you able to talk to someone about difficult problems and worries? 3734 62 1 Yes 396 2 No 3338 Sysmiss 62 Able to talk to someone about problems never or rarely in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often were you able to talk to someone about difficult problems and worries? 3734 62 1 Yes 1860 2 No 1874 Sysmiss 62 Parents most of the time or always understood their problems in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians understand your problems and worries? 3736 60 1 Yes 1226 2 No 2510 Sysmiss 60 Parents never or rarely understood their problems in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians understand your problems and worries? 3736 60 1 Yes 1372 2 No 2364 Sysmiss 60 Parents most of the time or always listened in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians pay attention and listen to you? 3697 99 1 Yes 1531 2 No 2166 Sysmiss 99 Parents most of the time or always checked homework in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians check to see if your homework was done? 3706 90 1 Yes 1374 2 No 2332 Sysmiss 90 Parents never or rarely checked homework in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians check to see if your homework was done? 3706 90 1 Yes 1365 2 No 2341 Sysmiss 90 Parents most of the time or always knew free time activities in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians really know what you were doing with your free time? 3721 75 1 Yes 1233 2 No 2488 Sysmiss 75 Parents never or rarely knew free time activities in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians really know what you were doing with your free time? 3721 75 1 Yes 1266 2 No 2455 Sysmiss 75 Parents most of the time or always went through their things in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians go through your things without your approval? 3701 95 1 Yes 671 2 No 3030 Sysmiss 95 Parents never or rarely went through their things in past 30 days During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians go through your things without your approval? 3701 95 1 Yes 1898 2 No 1803 Sysmiss 95 Both parents responsible for student's needs Who is responsible for taking care of your needs? 3732 64 1 Yes 2555 2 No 1177 Sysmiss 64 Used mobile phone 3 or more hours per day in past 7 days During the past 7 days, how many hours per day did you use your mobile phone to be on social media, for online communication, or to browse the internet? 1837 1959 1 Yes 559 2 No 1278 Sysmiss 1959 Home-schooled during COVID-19 pandemic During the COVID-19 pandemic, did you attend school from home at least some of the time using a computer, mobile phone, or other electronic device? 3529 267 1 Yes 1600 2 No 1929 Sysmiss 267 Tested for COVID-19 During the COVID-19 pandemic, were you tested by a doctor or nurse for COVID-19 infection? 3676 120 1 Yes 819 2 No 2857 Sysmiss 120 Received COVID-19 vaccine Have you ever received a vaccine to prevent getting infected with COVID-19? 3690 106 1 Yes 771 2 No 2919 Sysmiss 106 Physically active an average of 60 mins per day over last 7 days During the past 7 days, did you do at least an average of 60 minutes per day of physical activity across the 7 days? 3612 184 1 Yes 2197 2 No 1415 Sysmiss 184